Abstract: This invention provides for an anti-contaminating film which is adsorbed to a substrate surface. The film contains a --Si-- group and fluorocarbon group. The --Si-- group is covalently bonded to the substrate surface. It also provides a forming method of an anti-contaminating film on a hydrogen active substrate surface by contacting the substrate surface with a non-aqueous solution, containing a surface active material having fluorocarbon groups and chlorosilane groups, the substrate surface having active hydrogen groups, removing unreacted surface active material remaining on the substrate by washing the substrate with a non-aqueous organic solution for making a monomolecular precursor film, reacting chlorosilane groups unreacted in the adsorbed monomolecular a precursor film with water after the removing step, and drying the adsorbed monomolecular film.

Abstract: A micromachine is lubricated in a fluid-based process. The known fluid-based process of releasing a sacrificial layer from a micromachine is followed by a fluid-based hydrophilic processing of the micromachine surfaces. A lubricating monolayer surface is then formed on the resultant hydrophilic micromachine surfaces. Afterwards, the surfaces are dried through conventional means.

Abstract: A chemically adsorbed film containing fluorocarbon groups is formed on an optical recording medium. Thus, an excellently water- and moisture-proof optical recording medium can be obtained. The optical recording medium is obtained by forming a chemically adsorbed film composed of fluorocarbon chain surface active material. The chemically adsorbed film is chemically bonded via siloxane covalent bonds. In the method of manufacture, an optical recording medium, e.g., an optical recording disk, is contacted with a solution which is made by dissolving a straight carbon chain surface active material having a chlorosilyl group at one end and a fluorocarbon group at the other end in a non-aqueous solvent or a gaseous phase condition, thereby chemically bonding the chlorosilane-based straight chain surface active material to the surface of the substrate via covalent siloxane bonds.

Abstract: A hydrogen-absorbing alloy electrode comprises a conductive substrate, a layer of hydrogen-absorbing alloy granules disposed on the conductive substrate and a binder for binding the granules together and to the conductive substrate. A part of the granules is exposed on a surface of the layer on the electrode. The layer may have a predetermined thickness and the granules may include large size granules having a maximum diameter larger than half the thickness of the layer but smaller than the thickness of the layer. The granules may include first granules having a first average diameter and second granules having a second average diameter smaller than the first average diameter; the first granules may be 5 wt % or more but less than 20 wt % of the total weight of the granules.

Abstract: Aramid and polybenzimidazole fibers and films of improved flame resistance are obtained by impregnation with tungsten hexachloride.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a non-wettable glass sheet comprising a hydrophobic, oleophobic, UV resistant layer and a process for manufacturing the same. The process in accordance with the present invention includes cleaning the glass sheet, contacting the glass sheet with a solution containing a fluorinated organosilane in a non-polar solvent system at a temperature ranging between -10.degree. C. and 25.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes, and rinsing.

Abstract: A method of treating surfaces to facilitate removal of graffiti comprises applying a coating of anti-graffiti material to a surface to form a graffiti barrier on the surface.. The anti-graffiti material is substantially free of organic solvents and comprises a water-based material containing waxes, sodium silicate, rosins, gums or combinations thereof. To remove graffiti applied to the coated surface, the surface is power washed with heated pressurized water having a pressure greater than 250 psi, and preferably in excess of 1000 psi. The surface is power washed, as needed, to remove graffiti, and following each one, two or several power washings, the anti-graffiti material is re-applied to the surface.

Abstract: Members with excellent water- and oil-repelling, and anti-contaminating properties are provided by exposing fillers partially protruding from the surfaces of fiber reinforced plastics or fiber reinforced metals and chemically adsorbing a chlorosilane-based chemical adsorbent to the rough surface of the fiber reinforced plastic or metal substrate. A siloxane-based chemically adsorbed monomolecular film or a polysiloxane chemically adsorbed film is formed on the substrate by chemically adsorbing a chemical adsorbent having numerous chlorosilane groups to the substrate surface. Following that, a chlorosilane-based chemical adsorbent having fluorocarbon groups is chemically adsorbed to the film, thus forming a chemically adsorbed monomolecular or polymer film with water- and oil-repelling properties.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell (56) is made by furnishing an anode (52) and a cathode (54), preparing a separator (58), and placing the separator (58) between the anode (52) and the cathode (54). The separator (58) is prepared by furnishing a sheet of a porous separator substrate (40), preparing a solution of a water insoluble polymer in an organic solvent, spraying the solution onto both sides of the separator substrate (40), spraying water onto both sides of the separator substrate (40), and drying the separator substrate (40).

Abstract: The present invention concerns a non-wettable glass sheet comprising a hydrophobic, oleophobic, UV resistant layer and a process for manufacturing the same. The process in accordance with the present invention includes cleaning the glass sheet, contacting the glass sheet with a solution containing a fluorinated organosilane in a non-polar solvent system at a temperature ranging between -10.degree. C. and 25.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes, and rinsing.

Abstract: An improved process for producing woven textiles, comprising:a) sizing yam to be woven, with an aqueous solution of a poly(vinyl alcohol) copolymer containing from about 7 to 15 weight percent units derived frown a comonomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate, an alkyl methacrylate, a dialkyl fmnarate and a dialkyl maleate, wherein the alkyl group contains from 1 to 8 carbon atoms;b) weaving the yam to produce woven textile;c) desizing the resulting woven textile with an aqueous caustic solution having a concentration between 0.001 and 10 weight percent caustic material in water, andd) optionally washing the caustic desized woven textile with water.The sizes are very readily desizable, even when the woven textile fabrics have been heat treated.

Abstract: A moisture-permeable waterproof fabric having a resin layer formed on at least one surface thereof, wherein the resin layer is composed of a mixture comprising a product obtained by reacting a urethane prepolymer having isocyanate terminals with an N-carboxyamino acid anhydride and an amine, and a polyurethane having a 100% modulus of at least 40 kg/cm.sup.2, the amount of the resin product contained in the resin layer is 12.9 to 85.3% by weight of total solid resin, and the amount of the urethane/amino acid copolymer contained in the resin layer is 0.9 to 9.0% by weight of total solid resin. The fabric has both an excellent moisture permeability and waterproofness, as well as an excellent abrasion resistance and washing fastness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacture of an optical lens providing refractive index modulation, characterized in that, starting from a previously shaped lens of transparent hydrophilic polymer of the hydrogel type, the lens is impregnated with a photopolymerizable composition containing at least one monomer and a photoinitiator in solution in a solvent which causes swelling of the lens, the impregnated lens is subjected to irradiation which is spatially modulated in irradiation intensity and/or irradiation time, thus causing local selective polymerization of the monomer, whereupon the excess quantity of photoinitiator and non-polymerized monomer is removed by solvent extraction.

Abstract: The adhesion and/or corrosion resistance of a autodeposited coating can be improved by rinsing the uncured coating with an aqueous treatment solution that has a pH between 7 and 11 and contains between 0.05 and 5 w/o of anions derived from multifunctional organic acids, preferably anions of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, and/or oxalic acid. The method is particularly useful on leaf springs and other metallic objects with surfaces of high carbon and/or shot blasted steel, and is particularly useful in conjunction with an autodeposition bath containing internally stabilized poly {vinylidene chloride} latex, hydrofluoric acid, ferric fluoride, and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a chemically adsorbed monomolecular or polymer film by a dehydrochlorination reaction brought about by contacting a substrate having hydrophilic groups at the surface with a non-aqueous organic solvent containing a compound having a halogen-based functional group able to react with a hydrophilic group at one end is disclosed. A basic compound is present in the non-aqueous organic solvent. Molecules having a functional group able to react with a hydrophilic group at one end are dissolved in the solvent obtained by adding the basic compound to the non-aqueous organic solvent. The substrate is contacted with the solution to form a chemically adsorbed monomolecular or polymer film. The film is formed efficiently and in a short period of time.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for immobilizing polyethylene oxide (PEO) star molecules in the form of hydrogels. the PEO star molecules are biocompatible and demonstrate non-thrombogenic properties. As such, the PEO star molecules have numerous uses for biomedical applications. The hydrogels contain a high percentage of terminal hydroxyl groups for attachment of affinity ligands and can be used for separating and purifying therapeutic proteins.

Abstract: According to the invention, a chemically adsorbing material is reacted with a substrate surface having active hydrogen groups by dipping the substrate into a solution of the chemically adsorbing material simultaneous and applying ultrasonic waves to the solution. In this way, a high concentration monomolecular and/or polymer film substantially free from pin holes can be formed in a short period of time. That is, while the ultrasonic waves are applied, a chemical adsorbing material having an end functional chlorosilyl group is adsorbed onto the substrate surface, thereby forming a chemically adsorbed monomolecular and/or polymer film. The frequency of the ultrasonic waves are suitably in a range of 25 to 50 kHz. In addition, after formation of the adsorbed film, the substrate is washed for making monomolecular film by dipping it in a washing solution while applying ultrasonic waves. In this way, non-reacted chemical adsorbing material remaining on the substrate can be efficiently washed away.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a cathode ray tube wherein trimming cleaning of an inner wall of a skirt portion of a panel is performed in a non-contacting condition to prevent splashing of water and trimming cleaning of panels of different sizes can be performed. A rotational position signal is detected in response to rotation of a panel, and while the distance between a cleaning nozzle and an inner wall of a skirt portion of the panel is kept constant in response to such rotational position signal, cleaning liquid is supplied through the cleaning nozzle to clean the inner wall of the skirt portion of the panel.

Abstract: A nickel-base superalloy is subjected to a diffusion chromizing that supplies a chromized diffusion case, the outer surface of which contains excess alphachrome phase, and then contacting the diffusion case with an aqueous solution of alkali metal permanganate and alkali metal hydroxide until the desired amount of alphachrome phase is eliminated.

Abstract: A plastic lens having an anti-reflecting and hard coat layer is provided. The anti-reflecting layer is formed by coating a lens with a hard coat solution containing at least one oxide sol, hardening the coated solution to give a hard coat layer and immersing the lens into an acidic or alkaline solution to dissolve the oxide particles contained in the hard coat layer so as to make the layer non-uniform.The anti-reflecting effect of the formed layer is equivalent to that of a conventional anti-reflecting film consisting of at least three layers.

Abstract: A surface modified U.V. stabilized article is described which includes a resinous sheet whose sides are both exposed to the air. The surface regions of both sides of the sheet are substantially fully modified in situ with a stabilizing amount of an ingredient such as an ultraviolet light stabilizer material, while the exposed surfaces are substantially free of residual stabilizer and solvent material. The appearance and degree of surface perfection of the modified sides of the sheet are substantially the same as that of an untreated sheet. The U.V. stabilized resin article is made by a continuous process in which the resin body is immersed in a solution of an ultraviolet light stabilizer in a suitable organic solvent, and thereafter, residual stabilizer and solvent are displaced from the modified surfaces in situ. Both steps in the process are carried out in an environment which is non-evaporative of the solvent.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises removing a substantial amount of air dissolved in the water layer to prevent droplets of solution from rising to the surface of the water layer during the process, thereby preventing solid modifier material from accumulating on the water surface.

Abstract: Binder mixtures crosslinkable by radiation comprising as component A a product obtained by reaction of an epoxy compound with more than one epoxide group per molecule with at least one carboxylic acid in a molar ratio of epoxide groups to carboxyl groups of 1:0.5-0.9 and subsequent reaction of the reaction product with at least one unsaturated isocyanatocarbamate esters and as component B a product obtained by reaction of an epoxy compound with more than one epoxide group per molecule with at least one olefinic unsaturated carboxylic acid in a molar ratio of epoxide groups to carboxyl groups of 1:>>1 and subsequent reaction of the reaction product with at least one polybasic carboxylic acid or anhydride(s) thereof, components A and B being present in a weight ratio of 3:1 to 1:3 useful for the product of superior photo-resists and protective lacquers.

Abstract: An improved process for the production of compositions comprising (1) a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon and (2) a fibrous inorganic reinforcement material comprises coating the inorganic reinforcement with a solution of the linear alternating polymer and subsequently removing the solvent of such solution.

Abstract: Methods for providing temporary protective coatings on mechanic objects by applying thereto an aqueous emulsion of a lipophilic poly(meth)acrylate polymer predominately including esters of alcohols having at least four carbon atoms and then removing said temporary coatings when desired with an organic solvent which, with the polymer dissolved therein, is conveniently disposed of by combustion.

Abstract: Magnetic recording media wherein the record surface is coated with an isocyanate lubricant (and, preferably, a supercoat of like lubricant), such lubrication being adapted to inhibit spin-off and like depletion, despite frequent head-contact, while exhibiting good durability, wear resistance and recording characteristics over extended life (computer applications).

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane type oxygenator is provided wherein a bundle of a plurality of hollow porous fibers presenting gas exchange membranes axially extends through a housing to define a first flow path for oxygen, a pair of partitions support the opposed open ends of the hollow fibers to isolate the open ends from the first flow path to define a second flow path through the fiber cavities for blood, and the micropores in the hollow fibers are filled with a silicone compound, for example, a RTV silicone rubber or a blend thereof with a silicone oil while the hollow fibers on their side wall are substantially free of a layer of the silicone compound. The oxygenator is manufactured by prefabricating an oxygenator module of the above-mentioned construction, impregnating the hollow fibers with a solution of the silicone compound, and passing a cleaning liquid to remove excessive silicone compound, thereby filling only the micropores with the silicone compound.

Abstract: A titanium or titanium alloy composite having a porous surface layer, which comprises a titanium or titanium alloy substrate and a porous titanium or titanium alloy layer that adheres strongly to said substrate, said porous layer being formed by first providing said substrate with a firmly adhering sinter of a mixture of a titanium or titanium alloy powder and a magnesium powder, and then removing magnesium from the sinter. A process for producing a titanium or titanium alloy composite having a porous surface layer, comprising: providing a coating composition comprising a binder added to a mixture of a titanium or titanium alloy powder and a magnesium powder; applying said composition to the surface of a titanium or titanium alloy substrate; heating the substrate at a temperature of from 650.degree. to 800.degree. C. in vacuo or an inert atmosphere so as to form a sinter of the powders of titanium or titanium alloy and magnesium which firmly adheres to said substrate; and removing magnesium from said sinter.

Abstract: A process for depositing a lubricating coating on the silicon oxide protective layer of a magnetic disk, wherein after having cleaned the disk, the sequence for coating the surface of the disk includes the steps of: setting the magnetic disk into rotation; spraying onto the protective layer of the disk, in the direction of rotation, a lubricant containing carrier gases, solvents, and active oxyhydrocarbon monomeric elements that are polymerized and then adsorbed to the protective layer; spraying a solvent on the disk in the direction of rotation; and wiping the disk. The invention is applicable to a variety of disk structures, including magnetooptical disks.

Abstract: A thermoplastic or thermoset article, a porous sheet, a paint composition, and a synthetic leather which are characterized with a memory shape or a healable characteristics comprising a polyurethane resin obtained by reacting a polyisocyanate and aromatic and/or alicyclic polyol is disclosed. The polyurethane comprises at least 15% by weight in total of a ring component derived from the above polyol.The original (memorized) shape of the article or the porous sheet is reshaped into another desired form below 130.degree. C., and locked into below 40.degree. C. Those material can be reverted back to their original shape by heating above 40.degree. C. The memorized shape as an original shape of the thermoplastic article or the porous sheet can be changed by maintaining it in a desired shape at a temperature 130.degree..about.230.degree. C.When the paint or the synthetic leather is scratched or creased to its surface, they can be healed by heating above 40.degree. C.

Abstract: Method of producing a niobium component having passageways therein, including providing a refractory metal niobium alloy member having slots formed within its outer surface portions, inserting a paste of powdered vanadium into the slots, sintering the powdered vanadium paste, depositing a layer of niobium over the vanadium in the slots and over the outer surface portions of the member by chemical vapor deposition, and removing the vanadium from the slots by acid leaching to produce the niobium component.

Abstract: Cleaning baths for the removal of a coating containing niobium on a substrate, consisting of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide and of alkali metal hydroxide. The coating is treated with the bath, to remove it from the substrate by dissolving.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the solvent-induced crystallization of amorphous poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer to produce an article, which process comprises:A. contacting a preformed article of a polymer comprising amorphous poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer with at least one organic compound in its liquid state which consists essentially of atoms of carbon and hydrogen, optionally with oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, halogen or mixtures thereof having a molecular weight of between about 160 and 320 daltons at a temperature of between about 85.degree. C. and 145.degree. C. for a time effective to crystallize the poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer,B. removing the organic compound, andC. recovering the article comprising crystallized poly(etheretherketone)-type polymer. Poly(etheretherketone), poly(phenylenesulfide) or mixtures thereof are preferred polymer systems.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of incorporating a modifier ingredient into the surface region of a resinous article is described herein. The basic process includes immersing the article in a liquid such as water and contacting the immersed article with a solution of a modifier ingredient in a solvent which is immiscible with the liquid. The improvement herein comprises removing a substantial amount of air dissolved in the water layer to prevent droplets of solution from rising to the surface of the water layer during the process, thereby preventing solid modifier material from accumulating on the water surface.

Abstract: A process whereby particulate materials with a polymeric coating of controlled thickness are obtained by passing gas at a pre-determined temperature and flow rate substantially symmetrically through a bed of particles to create a coherent symmetrical spouting zone of fully-spouted, suspended particles is disclosed. The suspended particles are contacted with an atomized spray of polymer solution. The spray has a controlled flow rate and is confined to the spouting zone. As the process proceeds, the solvent evaporates from the fine droplets of the polymer solvent solution on contact or very quickly after contact of the polymer solvent solution with the particles. Structurally sensitive particulate material such as biomass is therefore only fleetingly contacted with solvent, on its outer shell only, and no substantial damage to the material can be effected by the solvent. Also, the coating solidifies quickly so that the little or no particle agglomeration or attrition occurs.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for coating tungsten carbide with cobalt metal. The process involves forming an aqueous slurry of tungsten carbide having a particle size of no greater than about -100 mesh, and zinc powder, adding ammonia to the slurry in an amount sufficient so that the slurry is basic after the addition of cobalt chloride, adding a solution of cobalt chloride to the ammoniated slurry with the amount of cobalt chloride being sufficient to provide a coating of partially reduced cobalt on the tungsten carbide, removing this cobalt coated tungsten carbide from the resulting liquor, and heating the coated tungsten carbide in a reducing atmosphere to effect the essentially complete reduction of the cobalt and to produce a cobalt metal coating on the tungsten carbide.

Abstract: What is described herein is a process of making a U.V. stabilized PVC article wherein the surface region of the article is modified with a U.V. stabilizer and the treated surface is substantially free of residual stabilizer thereon. The process includes the steps of (a) applying a solution of a U.V. stabilizer in a solvent which is capable of swelling the PVC but is otherwise non-aggressive thereto, and (b) displacing residual solution remaining on said thus treated surface by a liquid which is non-miscible with said solvent.In the preferred form of the invention, step (b) is carried out by contacting the treated surface with water to cause physical removal of the residual solution out of its position on the treated surface, such as by agitation, a jet stream, ultrasonics, and the like.

Abstract: A porous coated enhanced evaporator tube and a method for producing the tube. The porous coating of the tube is applied by arc spraying two dissimilar metals on a tube and then etching the tube so that only one of the metals is etched out, and a porous surface, having voids where the etched out metal is developed. The voids form subsurface channels which provide nucleate boiling sites.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is crosslinked between carboxyl groups along one surface by polyvalent cations, thus making that surface substantially tack-free while leaving at least one broad surface of the layer tacky and pressure-sensitive. When a broad surface of the adhesive layer is thus made completely tack-free, the adhesive layer can be wound upon itself in roll form without a backing for convenient storage and shipment. Preferably a low-adhesion backsize coating covers the broad tack-free surface to insure that the adhesive layer can be unwound after prolonged storage without delaminating.

Abstract: An improved method for the production of endosseous implants is disclosed. The method includes thermally spraying a hydroxyapatite-containing powder onto the surface of a metallic core material, and treating the resultant product with an aqueous solution which does not substantially dissolve the hydroxyapatite but can dissolve calcium oxide, to thereby dissolve out alkaline components. The endosseous implants of this invention have excellent mechanical properties and excellent affinity to the living body without hematolysis, and hence, are useful for the treatment or recovery of defective or lost bones, joints and tooth roots.

Abstract: A soft-material gasket formed of a non-woven fiber mat has pores which are at least partially filled with an impregnating agent. The impregnating agent is cross-linked by electron beam irradiation to locally differing degrees.

Abstract: An antithrombogenic polyurethane polymer being bound to a support substrate wherein the antithrombogenic agent is reacted through an aldehyde group with an amine functionality of a polyurethane-urea to form the covalently bonded antithrombogenic material.

Abstract: Processes for the production of filter elements based on aromatic polyamide in which a semi-finished filter element is produced from a solution of the polyamide in aprotic solvent and the polyamide is then coagulated by immersion in a liquid bath containing precipitating agent may be used for the production of filter elements with a pore size of from 0.05 .mu.m to 10 .mu.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of treating a porous Raney nickel electrode having pyrophoric properties to eliminate such properties while maintaining the catalytic properties of the electrode. The method includes coating an active porous Raney nickel electrode with an aqueous solution consisting essentially of 4 to 50 weight percent alkali metal hydroxide and exposing the coated electrode to air for a period of time sufficient to eliminate the pyrophoric tendencies of the electrode. Also disclosed is a method of activating and depyrophorizing a nickel-aluminum coated electrode by immersing the electrode in an aqueous solution of alkali metal hydroxide to leach the aluminum and activate the electrode and then maintaining a film or coating of the alkali metal hydroxide upon the leached electrode and exposing the coated electrode to air until the electrode is depyrophorized.

Abstract: A reinforcing material based on glass fibers and which is resistant to attack by the free alkali present in the cementitious matrix which is to be reinforced by said material is produced from ordinary glass scrim by coating said scrim with three successive rubber latex coatings by dipping the scrim into said latexes, and drying the coatings between dips.

Abstract: A cathode for the electrolysis of brine for the production of chlorine and caustic soda, whereby chlorate ions are produced, comprises a coating of e.g. Nickel alloyed with a metallic sacrificial component, the latter being leached out by a soltuion of sodium hydroxide. The remaining sodium hydroxide within the pores of the leached nickel coating is transformed into iron hydroxide upon application of an iron salt onto the nickel coating. The iron hydroxide acts as a suppressor for the excessive formation of chlorate ions in the caustic soda solution of the electrolysis cell.

Abstract: Pile fabric having excellent softness and high tear strength which has short fibers planted and adhered to a base with an adhesive, is obtained by applying an adhesive and planting the short fibers to the base, drying or curing the adhesive, and removing at least 5 weight % of the fibers of the base.

Abstract: A cathode having high durability and low hydrogen overvoltage comprising an electrode substrate and an alloy layer formed thereon, characterized in that said alloy layer is made of an alloy comprising Component X selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and a mixture thereof, Component Y selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zinc, magnesium and silicon, and Component Z selected from the group consisting of a noble metal and rhenium, and having a composition of Components X, Y and Z falling within the range defined by the following points A, B, C and D with reference to the diagram of FIG. 1:A: X=99.6 wt. %, Y=0 wt. %, Z=0.4 wt. %B: X=79.6 wt. %, Y=20 wt. %, Z=0.4 wt. %C: X=10 wt. %, Y=20 wt. %, Z=70 wt. %D: X=12.5 wt. %, Y=0 wt. %, Z=87.5 wt. %.

Abstract: An improved cathode with a conductive metal core and a Raney-type catalytic surface predominantly derived from an adherent Beta nickel (NiAl.sub.3) crystalline precursory outer portion of the metal core is disclosed. The precursory outer portion preferably has molybdenum added to give a precursor alloy having the formula Ni.sub.x Mo.sub.1-x Al.sub.3 where x is within the range of from about 80 to about 95 weight percent. Also disclosed is a method of producing a low overvoltage cathode. The method includes the steps of taking a Ni-Mo core or substrate having about 5-20 weight percentage of Mo and coating it with aluminum then heat treating to form a Ni-Mo-Al alloy with mostly a Beta nickel structure and then leaching out the Al to produce a Raney surface.

Abstract: Poly(acetylene) films are produced by polymerization of acetylene, if appropriate mixed with a di- and/or poly(alkyne), in the presence of an active transition metal catalyst on filaments, fibers, woven or knitted fabrics, nonwovens, laid webs, interlaced structures or nets composed of metals, glass or natural and/or synthetic fibers.