Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display having an alignment chamber for aligning a mask having openings corresponding to a predetermined pattern with a substrate on which a first electrode layer is formed and detachably attaching the mask and the substrate. The apparatus further including a number of vacuum processing chambers for sequentially forming a number of organic material layers on the substrate attached with the mask. The apparatus also including a transfer robot for transferring the attached mask and substrate to one of the number of vacuum processing chambers and sequentially transferring it between the number of the vacuum processing chambers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device including a light emitting element is provided, which includes a step of forming a first electrode, a step of forming an insulating layer including an opening over the first electrode, a step of forming a layer containing an organic compound on the first electrode and the insulating layer, a step of forming a second electrode on the layer containing the organic compound, a step of etching the layer containing the organic compound by plasma etching, and a step of connecting the second electrode and a wiring electrically connected to a terminal portion to each other through an adhesive containing a conductive particle.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrophoretic display element including partitions, which are arranged on a substrate and each of which contains a suspension composed of electrophoretic particles and a dispersion medium and a coating material for covering the suspension, is provided. The method includes the step of providing at least two nozzles at a predetermined distance from the substrate, discharging the above-mentioned suspension from one nozzle, and discharging the coating material from another nozzle, so as to adhere to the substrate.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a patterned layer (106) on a substrate (100) includes the following steps: providing a substrate having a plurality of banks (102) formed thereon, the substrate and the banks cooperatively defining a plurality of accommodating spaces (104), wherein each of the accommodating spaces has a first edge (110) and a second edge (112) parallel to the first edge, a distance between the first edge and the second edge is b; the first nozzle (302) moving along a first path (306), and the first path is parallel to the first edge, a distance between the first path and the first edge is a; the first nozzle jetting ink into the accommodating space; the second nozzle (304) moving along a second path (310), a distance between the first path and the second path is c, and the distance c satisfies one of the two equations: 0<c<b?a, and 0<c<a.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an active matrix organic light emitting diode (AMOLED) display and an apparatus for manufacturing the AMOLED display, where the display has improved surface flatness and thickness uniformity as well as an improved image quality at edge regions of a pattern. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, an anode electrode is formed on a lower structure of a substrate, an organic layer is formed on the anode electrode by imaging a complex laser beam on a donor film disposed on the substrate having light emitting materials, the complex laser beam having energy distribution inclination over 2%/?m at a threshold energy. The donor film is removed, and a cathode electrode is formed on the organic layer.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display, a first electrode layer is formed on a transparent substrate, and a hole transport layer is formed on the first electrode layer. After an organic luminescent layer is formed on the hole transport layer by scanning a donor film disposed on the substrate using a laser beam, the donor film is removed and then a second electrode is formed on the organic luminescent layer. The laser beam dithers while performing the scanning operation to make the energy distribution uniform.

Abstract: A picture element for an electro-luminescent display comprises a substrate, a first intermediate structure disposed above a first area of the substrate, at least one first color type electro-luminescent device disposed above the first intermediate structure, a second intermediate structure disposed above a second area of the substrate, and at least one second color type electro-luminescent device disposed above the second intermediate structure. The second intermediate structure is different from the first intermediate structure.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is composed of a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other via a discharge space and sealed together. A protective layer on the first substrate is composed principally of magnesium oxide, includes a substance or structure that creates a first energy level in an area of a forbidden band, the area being in a vicinity of a conduction band, and includes a substance or structure that creates a second energy level in another area in the forbidden band, the other area being in a vicinity of a valence band. During driving the second energy level is occupied by electrons, and few electrons exist in the first energy level, or electrons can easily occupy the first energy level due to a minus charge state, and MgO insultaive resistance is not lowered. This maintains wall charge retention and reduces discharge irregularities and firing voltage Vf.

Abstract: A composition for forming an alignment film used during formation of an alignment film with a droplet discharge method includes a solute, a first organic solvent and a second organic solvent. The solute includes an alignment film formation material. The first organic solvent dissolves the solute. The second organic solvent is for controlling surface tension. The first organic solvent includes a solvent having a lowest vapor pressure among all of solvent components in the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a manufacturing method for forming an organic electro-luminescent device by forming a homogeneous light emitting layer which does not incur the phase separation. The light emitting layer is formed by discharging ink compositions composed of at least two electro-luminescent materials on the substrate following the order which starts with an ink composition which has the fewest number of organic electro-luminescent materials or which is most difficult to be phase separated.

Abstract: An exemplary alignment film includes a plurality of orientation type molecules arranged homogeneously, and the orientation type molecules are arranged according to a direction of a field when the alignment film is formed. A liquid crystal panel using the alignment film and an exemplary method for fabricating the alignment film are also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a conductive pattern in which the conductive pattern can be easily formed at a low temperature without a photolithography process by forming the conductive pattern using a laser ablation method and an inkjet method, an organic thin film transistor manufactured using the method, and a method of manufacturing the organic thin film transistor. The method of forming a conductive pattern in a flat panel display device includes preparing a base member, forming a groove having the same shape as the conductive pattern in the base member, and forming the conductive pattern by applying a conductive material into the groove. The base member has one of a structure including a plastic substrate having the groove and a structure including a substrate and an insulating layer which is arranged on the substrate and which has the groove.

Abstract: Processes are provided for depositing multiple color filter materials on a substrate to form color filters. In a first process, the surface characteristic of a substrate is modified by radiation so that a flowable form of a first color filter material will be deposited on a first area, and converted to a non-flowable form. A second color filter material can then be deposited on a second area of the substrate. In a second process, first and second color filter materials are deposited on separate donor sheets and transferred by radiation to separate areas of the substrate. A third process uses flexographic printing to transfer the first and second color filter materials to the substrate.

Abstract: A protecting layer is formed of a magnesium oxide and at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a copper component selected from copper and a copper oxide, a nickel component selected from nickel and a nickel oxide, a cobalt component selected from cobalt and a cobalt oxide, and an iron component selected from iron and an iron oxide; a composite for forming the protecting layer; a method of forming the protecting layer; and a plasma display panel including the protecting layer. The protecting layer, which is used in a PDP, protects an electrode and a dielectric layer from a plasma ion generated by a gaseous mixture of Ne and Xe, or He, Ne, and Xe, and discharge delay time and dependency of the discharge delay time on temperature can be decreased and sputtering resistance can be increased.

Abstract: A method for producing a plasma display comprises the step of continuously applying a phosphor paste containing a phosphor powder and an organic compound onto a substrate with a plurality of barrier ribs, from a paste applicator with a plurality of outlet holes. A method for producing a plasma display comprises the steps of coating a substrate with a plurality of baffler ribs, with three phosphor pastes respectively containing a phosphor powder emitting light of red, green or blue, as stripes in the spaces between the respectively adjacent baffler ribs on the substrate, from a paste applicator with outlet holes, and heating to form a phosphor layer.

Abstract: A phosphor paste is applied to inner surfaces of a cell. Then, a conveyer moves a substrate relative to a CCD camera at a constant speed. Simultaneously, two LEDs radiate visible light onto a portion, to be inspected, of the substrate. The visible light is light configured to have a wavelength so as to be able to prevent the phosphor of the phosphor paste from being excited and emitting light and reflected by a liquid surface of the phosphor paste to produce reflected light. Thereafter, the CCD camera captures an image of the phosphor paste and a data processor processes the received image data, and determines whether a phosphor layer formed by drying the phosphor paste will normally be formed, prior to formation of phosphor layer.

Abstract: Provided are a phosphor paste composition, a flat display device including the same, and a method of manufacturing the flat display device. The phosphor paste composition contains a phosphor with at least a heat-resistant material selected from a Group II atom-containing material, a Group III atom-containing material, and a Group IV atom-containing material, a binder, and an organic solvent. By using the phosphor paste composition, the deterioration of the phosphor can be prevented during a heat treating process. The flat display device includes a phosphor layer containing the phosphor coated with the heat-resistant material such that lifetime of the flat display device is increased and a permanent residual image phenomenon, the adsorption of water by the phosphor, and the like can be prevented.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plasma display panel is disclosed. The method includes forming at least one of a dielectric layer on a principal face of a substrate, barrier ribs which partition a discharging space on the dielectric layer, and a phosphor layer disposed between the barrier ribs using an inorganic material into which solution including a degassing material is impregnated.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a plurality of pixel areas formed on the first substrate, where each pixel area has red, green, blue, and white sub-pixel areas. Red, green and blue color filter layers are disposed on the red, green and blue sub-pixel areas, respectively, and an overcoat layer is disposed over the red, green and blue color filter layers, where a portion of the overcoat layer forms a white color filter layer in the white sub-pixel area. The overcoat layer is formed from a UV-curable liquid pre-polymer material, which includes monomers each having a mono-functional group, and at least a di-functional group or a tri-functional group.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for screen printed lacquer deposition for a display device comprising aligning a mask on top of a faceplate of the display device. Next, the present invention deposits a lacquer material above the mask. Then, the present invention performs a screen printing process to apply the lacquer material through the mask and onto the faceplate to form a lacquer layer on the faceplate. Finally, the present invention dries the lacquer layer.

Abstract: The presentation provides a manufacturing method for forming an organic electro-luminescent device by forming a homogeneous light emitting layer which does not incur phase separation. The light emitting layer is formed by discharging ink compositions formed of at least two electro-luminescent materials on the substrate following the order which starts with an ink composition which has the fewest number of organic electro-luminescent materials or which is most difficult to be phase separated.

Abstract: A method of transferring organic material from a donor element to a substrate includes providing a radiation source; and selecting the power of the radiation applied to the donor element by the radiation source to cause the transfer of organic material to the substrate wherein the time that one or more positions of the donor element receives radiation is greater than 1 millisecond.

Abstract: The paste composition of the present invention is a paste composition comprising (i) a polyurethane resin which comprises (a) a recurring unit represented by the formula (1) and (b) a recurring unit represented by the formula (2), a molar fraction of said recurring unit (a) being in the range of 0.35 to 0.99, a molar fraction of said recurring unit (b) being in the range of 0.01 to 0.65, the total of both the molar fractions being 1, (ii) a solvent and (iii) a powder. By the use of the paste composition, dielectric layers, sealing products, barrier ribs, phosphors, etc. can be favorably formed.

Abstract: A thin film is formed from a solution including a component for forming the film and a solvent. By removing solvent molecules from the thin film until, effectively, none of the solvent molecules exist any longer in the atmosphere near the surface of the film while the atmosphere is at room temperature and a pressure 1 Pa or below, a thin film layer is formed from the solution including the film-forming component and the solvent. After the formation, vapor incursion from the solvent into subsequent processes is prevented.

Abstract: A substrate assembly for a gas discharge panel, comprising a dielectric layer and a protective layer of MgO being formed in this order on a substrate having electrodes, wherein the dielectric layer is a laminate of an organic dielectric layer and an inorganic dielectric layer in this order from a side of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming an electrode of a flat panel display device using ink for ink jet printing and an ink jet printer. The ink for ink jet printing is prepared by a method comprising the first step of contacting the vapor of a metal with the vapor of the first solvent, according to the vapor phase-evaporation technique, to thus give a dispersion of metal ultrafine particles; the second step of adding a low molecular weight polar solvent as the second solvent to the dispersion prepared in the first step to thus precipitate the metal ultrafine particles and removing the first solvent; and the third step of adding the third solvent to the precipitates thus prepared to carry out the solvent substitution and to give a dispersion of independently dispersed metal ultrafine particles, and prepared by adding a dispersant in or during the foregoing first and/or third steps, and the ink for ink jet printing consists of a dispersion excellent in ink characteristic properties.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a plasma display device which prevents the brightness of a phosphor layer from lowering is disclosed, and the method can form the phosphor layer in a stable manner because a nozzle is free from clogging. At least one of the phosphor layers has a green phosphor layer containing green phosphor having zero or positive charges and a crystal structure of Zn2SiO4:Mn. Green phosphor ink, whose major ingredient is the green phosphor, is applied through the nozzle to discharging cells, thereby forming the green phosphor layer. The green phosphor ink is formed of green phosphor powder coated with an oxide having positive charges, or the ink is formed by crushing the green phosphor powder originally having negative charges and a crystal structure of Zn2SiO4:Mn such that the powder changes to have positive charges.

Abstract: A phosphor layer for an electroluminescent panel comprises a phosphor powder held in a binder. The binder comprises a mixture of two constituents, one of which is a drying oil or a semi-drying oil or a derivative and the other constituent is a sol-gel precursers. Examples of suitable oils are linseed oil, rape seed oil, sunflower oil and soyabean oil. Examples of suitable sol-gel precursers are tetraethyl orthosilicate, boron iso-propoxide, aluminium sec-butoxide and titanium iso-propoxide. Metal salts such as metal alkoxides, metal acetates and metal nitrates may be mixed with the sol-gel precursers.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL display in which organic EL devices are prevented from being promoted in degradation by interfaces that occur between the hole transporting layer and the luminescent layer and between the luminescent layer and the electron transporting layer during the formation of the organic EL devices. The material of the luminescent layer is evaporated from a first evaporation source. At that time, the first evaporation source is moved from one end of a glass substrate to the other. Consequently, the luminescent layer is formed evenly on the glass substrate. After the formation of the luminescent layer is completed, the material of the electron transporting layer is evaporated from a second evaporation source. The second evaporation source is moved as if the first evaporation source is, whereby the electron transporting layer is formed evenly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescent screen forming method, a fluorescent screen forming apparatus and a cathode-ray tube. In the fluorescent screen forming method according to the present invention, a transfer roller lowers a transfer sheet to somewhere above the inner surface of the panel and the transfer roller moves up to the end edge positions of the inner surface of the panel, whereafter the transfer roller moves downwards onto the end edges of the inner surface of the panel in unison with the transfer film to start pressing the transfer film. Therefore, the transfer roller can reach the end edges of the panel, and hence component layers of a fluorescent screen can be transferred up to the end edges of the inner surface of the panel. A fluorescent screen forming apparatus according to the present invention includes a transfer film supply means, a transfer roller, and a control means, wherein operations of the above-mentioned transfer method are executed.

Abstract: A method of applying patterned materials for manufacture of a flat panel light source includes providing a flexible continuous substrate; providing one or more application stations, each application station having, one or more stationary sources of material, a supply of discrete patterned masks for defining a pattern of material to be applied to the substrate, means for attaching the discrete patterned masks to the substrate; means for transporting the substrate and the patterned mask in registration past the one or more stationary sources of material, and means for delivering the masks one at a time to the transporting means; and transporting the substrate and the masks past the one or more application stations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of color tuning a light emitting display are provided. The apparatus includes a source of a mixture of a compressed fluid solvent and an organic material. A discharge device is positioned in fluid communication with the source of the mixture of the compressed fluid and the organic material. A condition controlling device is positioned in fluid communication between the source and the discharge device. The method includes providing a substrate, providing a first addressing electrode on the substrate, controllably depositing an organic nanomorphic material over the first addressing electrode, and providing a second addressing electrode over the organic nanomorphic material.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the production of full-color, subpixellated organic electroluminescent (EL) devices. Substrates used in the methods of the invention for production of EL devices comprise wells wherein the walls of the wells do not require surface treatment prior to deposition of electroluminescent material. Also provided are EL devices produced by the methods described herein.

Abstract: The methods of this invention involve modification of the properties of an organic film after it has been deposited by either adding new components into it from its top or bottom surface, or by causing components to leave the film from its top or bottom surface. In the examples of these methods, the emitting color of light-emitting diodes are modified based on doped polymers by locally introducing dopants causing different color emission into the film by local application of a solution containing the desired dopant to the film surface (by ink jet printing, screen printing, local droplet application, etc.). This overcomes difficulties encountered with the direct patterning of three separately formed organic layers (each which uniformly coats an entire surface when formed) into regions for separate R, G, and B devices due to the sensitivities of the organic materials to chemicals typically used with conventional patterning technologies.

Abstract: A method for forming a metal back-attached phosphor screen comprises the step of dissolving/removing or rendering highly resistant a specified area of a metal film formed on a phosphor screen by using a liquid that dissolves or oxidizes the metal film. After part of a metal film is removed or rendered highly resistant, an insulating or highly resistant inorganic material may be applied to the remaining ends thereof. Alternatively, an insulating or highly-resistant inorganic material may be added to a dissolving or oxidizing liquid to dissolve/remove or render highly resistant a metal film, and at the same time ends of the metal film are coated with the inorganic material. In this metal back-attached phosphor screen, electron emission elements and the phosphor screen are protected against destruction/deterioration by discharging.

Abstract: A method of depositing a patterned organic layer includes providing a manifold and an OLED display substrate in a chamber at reduced pressure and spaced relative to each other; providing a structure sealingly covering at least one surface of the manifold, the structure including a plurality of nozzles extending through the structure into the manifold. The method also includes delivering vaporized organic materials into the manifold, and applying an inert gas under pressure into the manifold so that the inert gas provides a viscous gas flow through each of the nozzles, such viscous gas flow transporting at least portions of the vaporized organic materials from the manifold through the nozzles to provide directed beams of the inert gas and of the vaporized organic materials and projecting the directed beams onto the OLED display substrate for depositing a pattern of an organic layer on the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electron beam apparatus having an airtight container with electron-emitting devices contained therein and spacers provided in the airtight container comprising the coating step of providing a film on a spacer substrate to be the spacers, and characterized in that the coating step includes the applying step of applying liquid film material by emitting from an emitting portion in a predetermined direction to a part of a surface of the spacer substrate facing the emitting portion.

Abstract: A first pressure generating chamber, which is sealed by a first elastic plate mounted with a first piezoelectric element at one surface, and a second pressure generating chamber, which is sealed by a second elastic plate mounted with a second piezoelectric element at one surface are formed in a casing. The second pressure generating chamber is formed with an opening which is a discharge port. A mixture is discharged from the discharge port. A nozzle formed with an opening jets gas toward a substrate surface, and is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port of the ink head.

Abstract: A method for forming a phosphor screen comprising the step of forming a phosphor layer containing a thermoplastic resin on the inner surface of a face plate, the step of pressurizing the phosphor layer being heated to plasticate the thermoplastic resin and smooth the surface of the phosphor layer, and the step of forming a metal film on the surface-smoothed phosphor layer and heating the face plate. Thermoplastic resin having a softening temperature of 50–350° C. can be used in the phosphor layer, and 0.05–50 wt % of such a thermoplastic resin in solid content ratio is contained in the layer. Heating/pressurizing conditions preferably involve temperatures of 50–350° C. and pressures of 10–10000 N/cm2. This method enhances the film forming property of a metal back layer and prevents cracks and pinholes in the metal back layer.

Abstract: A color filter luminescent screen assembly for a cathode ray tube (CRT) is disclosed. The luminescent screen assembly is formed on an interior surface of a faceplate panel of the CRT tube. The luminescent screen assembly includes a patterned light-absorbing matrix that defines a plurality of sets of fields corresponding to one of a blue region, a red region and a green region. A color filter is formed in one of the plurality of sets of fields. The color filter may be, for example, a blue pigment layer, a red pigment layer or a green pigment layer. After the pigment layer is formed, a cap layer is formed thereon. The cap layer is formed from an aqueous solution of a photosensitive material and a polymer. Thereafter, a phosphor layer is deposited on the cap layer.

Abstract: Conductive or semiconductive binders, both inorganic and organic, are used for providing sufficient binding action to hold powder phosphor particles together, as well as to the glass screen of a field emission display device.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing a fluorescent film wherein the order of coating the fluorescent films of a color Braun tube and the thickness of the film are adjusted to reduce the amount of red fluorescent material employed for red fluorescent film without deteriorating the quality of the red fluorescent film, thereby lowering the cost for manufacturing. The process first forms the red fluorescent film on the panel of a color Braun tube and then forms the blue and green fluorescent films subsequently thereafter.

Abstract: A method of forming a fluorescent screen where a pigment film and a fluorescent film are deposited on a surface of a light transmissive substrate, is presented. The method includes coating a pigment dispersion liquid on the surface of the light transmissive substrate to form a coated film and forming the pigment film by drying the coated film. The drying of the coated film is performed under conditions that a temperature of the corner portions of the light transmissive substrate is controlled to 36° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: Relating to a method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display having improved surface flatness and thickness uniformity as well as an improved image quality at edge regions of a pattern, a method for fabricating an organic electroluminescent display includes the steps of: forming a first electrode layer on a transparent substrate, the first electrode layer being a positive electrode; forming an assistant layer on the first electrode layer; forming an organic luminescent layer on the assistant layer by scanning a donor film using a laser beam, the donor film being disposed on the substrate having luminescent materials for R, G, and B; removing the donor film; and forming a second electrode layer on the organic luminescent layer, the second electrode layer being a negative electrode, wherein the step of forming an organic luminescent layer comprises the step of dithering the laser beam in a direction perpendicular to a scanning direction of the laser beam.

Abstract: A resin composition (A) layer, comprising an acrylic polymer (a) having a weight average molecular weight of 10000 to 300000 and an acid number of 80 to 250 mgKOH/g and a fluorescent substance (b), and a photosensitive resin composition (B) layer are formed inside the cell, and then they are exposed, developed and baked. By the process of the present invention the fluorescent substance can be effectively and uniformly formed on the side and bottom wall of the cell.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is to provide an organic electroluminescent element having stable luminescent characteristics with a low luminescence starting voltage and without non-luminescing black spots in the luminescing surface. The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescent element and an organic electroluminescent element produced by said method, said method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescent element comprising a process for forming a positive electrode substrate by dry etching a transparent electrode in a vacuum, a process for dry washing said positive electrode substrate in a continuous vacuum without exposure to air, a process for forming an organic layer incorporating an organic luminescing layer on said positive electrode substrate, and a process for forming a negative electrode on said organic layer.

Abstract: A reflection type flat cathode-ray tube enhanced in quality of display image, and its manufacturing method are presented. A flat cathode-ray tube is composed by forming a grid layer, a reflective layer, and a fluorescent layer sequentially at the inner side of a screen panel. The reflective layer is preferably formed at the outer side of the circumference of the fluorescent layer. On a transfer substrate, a transfer foil laminating at least a fluorescent layer, a reflective layer, and a grid layer in this order is prepared, the grid layer side of the transfer foil is heated, pressed and adhered to the inner side of a screen panel, a transfer substrate is peeled off, and a fluorescent screen composed of the fluorescent layer, reflective layer, and grid layer is transferred.

Abstract: For an organic EL panel, whereon partitions are used to separate pixels, transparent electrodes, a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer are formed in the named order on a substrate. Then, when the charge transfer layer is electrified and the charge generation layer is selectively exposed, an electrostatic latent image having a predetermined pattern is formed on the charge transfer layer. Subsequently, to form the partitions, the electrostatic latent image is developed by using a developing agent and the developing agent is fixed. Following this, emission layers and opposing electrodes to the transparent electrodes are positioned between the thus obtained partitions.

Abstract: A method for forming a protective layer for a dielectric material in an alternating current type plasma display is provided. In this connection, a coating sol solution is provided which can form a protective layer on a large area substrate without the need to introduce any expensive equipment, the protective layer thus formed being excellent in properties such as strength, adhesion, transparency, and protective properties and capable of being formed by a sol-gel process without use of the conventional vacuum process. The sol solution comprises a dispersion of a precursor to magnesium oxide in a specific form. A method for film formation, using this solution is also provided.

Abstract: Paste for a transparent insulating film of a plasma display panel, the paste including powder glass contains lead oxide, silicon oxide, boron oxide, barium oxide, and aluminum oxide, solvent, and resin.