Abstract: Various methods, apparatuses and devices relate to porous metal layers on a substrate which are three-dimensionally coated. In one embodiment, a porous metal layer is deposited over a substrate. The porous metal layer can be three-dimensionally coated with a coating material.

Abstract: A syntactic foam comprising hollow metallic shells and a solid metal foam matrix. The metal foam composites show high strength, particularly in comparison to previous metal foams, while maintaining a favorable strength to density ratio. The composite metal foams can be prepared by various techniques, such as powder metallurgy and casting or aspiration casting.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal spray powder on a tungsten carbide basis, as well as to a method for the manufacture of such a spray powder for the thermal coating of a substrate, in particular for the thermal coating of a brake disc for a vehicle. In accordance with the invention, the spray powder includes, apart from impurities, WC in the range of 60% to 75% by weight, Cr3C2 in the range of 14% to 22% by weight and Ni in the range of 11% to 23% by weight. The invention further relates to a substrate, in particular for a brake disc having a thermal spray layer on a tungsten carbide basis, as well as to a method for the manufacture of a thermal spray layer on a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fireproof bulkhead, having a highly porous structure with an intumescent coating, the highly porous structure being formed as a reticulated foam or as a highly porous pimple or nub structure.

Abstract: A structural panel includes a closed-cell foam core formed of a metallic material; a first carbon-fiber panel bonded to a first side of the closed-cell foam core; and a second carbon-fiber panel bonded to a second side of the closed-cell foam core such that the foam core is disposed between the first carbon-fiber panel and the second carbon-fiber panel.

Abstract: A ceramic layer, especially for use in solid oxide cell (SOC) technology, is densified in a method comprising (a) providing a multilayer system by depositing the porous ceramic layer, which is to be densified, onto the selected system of ceramic layers on a support, (b) pre-sintering the resulting multilayer system at a temperature T1 to consolidate a sintered, but porous layer, (c) impregnating a solution or suspension of one or more sintering aids directly into the layer to be densified, (d) evaporating the solution or suspension of step (c) to obtain a homogeneous dispersion of the sintering aid(s) in the porous layer surface and (e) performing a thermal treatment at a temperature T2, where T2>T1, to obtain densification of and grain growth in the porous layer formed in step (b). The method makes it possible to obtain dense ceramic layers at temperatures, which are compatible with the other materials present in a ceramic multilayer system.

Abstract: A conductive reflective film which is formed by calcining a substrate on which a composition containing metal nanoparticles is coated, the conductive reflective film including pores which appear on the film contact surface in the substrate side having an average diameter of 100 nm or less, an average depth of 100 nm or less in terms of position of the pores, and a number density of the pores of 30 pores/?m2 or less.

Abstract: A substrate support assembly comprises a ceramic body and a thermally conductive base bonded to a lower surface of the ceramic body. The substrate support assembly further comprises a protective layer covering an upper surface of the ceramic body, wherein the protective layer comprises at least one of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) or a ceramic compound comprising Y4Al2O9 and a solid-solution of Y2O3—ZrO2.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing glazing including a substrate provided with a coating including a layer consisting of a porous material, includes depositing on the substrate, via a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process in a vacuum chamber, a coating including a layer of a material including an element selected from Si, Ti, Sn, Al, Zr, In or a mixture of at least two of these elements, oxygen and carbon, the layer in addition optionally including hydrogen, heat treatment of the layer thus deposited, under conditions that enable at least one portion of the carbon to be removed and the layer of porous material to be obtained, wherein the deposition is carried out, on the substrate passing through the chamber, by the sputtering of a carbon target, under a reactive plasma atmosphere including a precursor of the element or elements.

Abstract: The invention provides a material for packaging of electronic components comprising a structured layer, wherein said structured layer comprises a mesh of cells, each cell comprising an electrically conductive rim and an electrically non conductive interior, said cells being interconnected so that any two adjacent cells share at least a portion of their respective rims.

Abstract: Virus multilayers can be used as templates for growth of inorganic nanomaterials. For example, layer-by-layer construction of virus multilayers on functionalized surfaces form nanoporous structures onto which metal particles or metal oxide nanoparticles can be nucleated to result in an interconnected network of nanowires.

Abstract: A metal oxide thin film substrate which can increase light trapping efficiency and light extraction efficiency, a method of fabricating the same and a photovoltaic cell and organic light-emitting device (OLED) including the same. The metal oxide thin film substrate includes a base substrate, and a metal oxide thin film formed on the base substrate. The metal oxide thin film has voids which are formed inside the metal oxide thin film to scatter light.

Abstract: A composite substrate is described, including a laminate of a metal fine-particle dispersed layer and a light transmission layer. The metal fine-particle dispersed layer includes a matrix having a solid framework and voids therein, and metal fine-particles immobilized in the solid framework. The solid framework has a 3D network structure of aluminum oxyhydroxide or alumina hydrate. The metal fine-particles have a mean particle diameter of 20 to 100 nm, with 50% or more having particle diameters in the same range. The metal fine-particles are separated from each other, with a distance greater than or equal to the particle diameter of the larger one of neighboring fine-particles. The metal fine-particles have portions exposed in the voids of the matrix, and are 3D-dispersed in the matrix. The metal fine-particle dispersed layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 5 ?m and a metal fine-particle content of 22 to 900 ?g/cm2.

Abstract: To provide a functional article comprising a water-absorbing layer having abrasion resistance and water-absorbing functions relating to dew condensation prevention, moisture-conditioning function, anti-fouling function, anti-fogging function, anti-icing function, etc., and an article for a transport equipment and an article for building provided with such a functional article; and a coating composition capable of forming a water-absorbing coating film having the above water-absorbing functions and having abrasion resistance as well.

Abstract: Reticulated composites are formed with a thin coating of a ductile biocompatible metal such as tantalum on a brittle biocompatible substrate such as vitreous carbon. Such composites exhibit physical properties that permit these monolithic composites to be morselized, or sized and shaped manually. Such composites exhibit surfaces with excellent ductile metal biocompatibility properties, but with strength and fracture physical properties that are more characteristic of the brittle substrate than of the ductile metal. Such composites fracture easily, and may be morselized or worked by manual sizing and shaping. Such morselization and working is accomplished by breaking or fracturing the composite, rather than plastically deforming it. Morselized or manually shaped reticulated composites exhibit excellent biocompatibility characteristics with micro- and nano-textured surfaces that promote rapid bone ingrowth and adhesion. When the composite is broken, the substrate is exposed.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating includes a microstructure and a composition including: a ceramic based compound comprising gadolinia and zirconia. The coating includes a nano-structure having a porosity of at most 50% by volume of the coating.

Abstract: Transparent conductive films, articles made from them, and methods of making them are disclosed. Some transparent conductive films include flexible glass substrates and conductive layers containing metal nanoparticles. Others include at least one layer with cell walls that contain metal nanorods or conductive nanowires. Still others include a substrate with a coating disposed on it, with the coating including conductive components and photopolymers. Such films are useful in such articles as electronic displays, touch screens, and the like.

Abstract: Coated article having antireflective property together with self cleaning, moisture resistance and antimicrobial properties can be prepared with a topmost layer of titanium oxide on an antireflective layer, which can be formed by a sol-gel process. The antireflective layer can comprise a porosity forming agent, or an alkyltrialkoxysilane-based binder. The antireflective coating can comprise silica and titania components, with pores to achieve low index of refraction and titania to achieve self-cleaning and antimicrobial properties.

Abstract: A refractory product includes CaO component-containing refractory particles and MgO component-containing refractory particles. The refractory material contains, a chemical composition measured after it has undergone heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at 1000° C., one or more of the following metal oxides B2O3, TiO2, V2O5, P2O5 and SiO2 in a total amount of 0.1 to 5.0 mass %, and free carbon in an amount of 2 to 35 mass %, with the remainder including CaO and MgO whose mass ratio (CaO/MgO) is in the range of 0.1 to 1.5. In microscopic observation performed at room temperature on the refractory material which has undergone the above heating, an inorganic film comprised of CaO and the one or more metal oxides is formed in at least each CaO surface of the refractory particles each containing either one or both of a CaO component and an MgO component, with a thickness of 0.1 to 25 ?m.

Abstract: A nano-composite 10 is described, including: a matrix layer 1 including a solid framework 1a and voids 1b defined by the same, and metal fine-particles 3 immobilized to the solid framework 1a. The framework 1a includes aluminum oxyhydroxide or alumina hydrate and forms a 3D network structure. The metal fine-particles have a mean particle diameter of 3 to 100 nm, with 60% or more having particle diameters of 1 to 100 nm. The metal fine-particles 3 exist in a manner that they are not in contact with one another and neighboring metal fine-particles 3 are apart from each other by a distance equal to or larger than the particle diameter DL of the larger one of the neighboring metal fine-particles 3. The metal fine-particles 3 are 3D-dispersed in the matrix layer 1, wherein each metal fine-particle 3 has a portion exposed in the voids 1b.

Abstract: A layer system with ceramic layers includes a substrate, a MCrAl(X) layer, which has an oxide layer on the substrate, a lowermost ceramic layer, an outer pyrochlore layer, and a central ceramic layer. The central ceramic layer has a higher porosity at least partially than the outer pyrochlore layer.

Abstract: Materials and methods of producing materials for scaffolds to facilitate growth of bone tissues. Porous ceramic materials are produced by a template coating method. Polymeric foam is processed to produce treated foam. Polymer solution, ceramic powder, dispersant, and drying agent are combined, mixed, and sonicated in a multi-step process to achieve a uniform mixture. In a first coating application, treated foam and ceramic slurry are processed until visibly homogeneous and fully reticulated, then sintered to form porous ceramic materials. Through a second multi-step process, a second ceramic slurry is prepared. In a second coating application, the porous ceramic materials are coated with the second slurry, blocked pores cleared, and the material dried and sintered to form a finalized porous sintered ceramic material.

Abstract: In an optimized method to apply a plasma sprayed coating of a yttrium containing oxide onto an article, a plasma power of between about 89-91 kW is selected for a plasma spraying system. Gas is flowed through the plasma spraying system at a selected gas flow rate of about 115-130 L/min. Ceramic powder comprising a yttrium containing oxide is fed into the plasma spraying system at a selected powder feed rate of about 10-30 g/min. A yttrium dominant ceramic coating is then formed on the article based on the selected power, the selected gas flow rate and the selected powder feed rate.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising an alkali metal silicate, a wetting agent, and a hydrophilic antifog agent forms an antifog coating on a substrate. The coating may be applied to the surface of a film from an aqueous dispersion of the ingredients, followed by drying to form a composite film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates exhibiting switchable oleophobicity and oleophilicity in aqueous media. These membranes and substrates may be used for variety of applications, including controllable oil/water separation processes, oil spill cleanup, and oil/water purification. Also provided are the making and processing of such surface-modified membranes and other surface-modified substrates.

Abstract: An internal member of a plasma processing vessel includes a base material and a film formed by thermal spraying of ceramic on a surface of the base material. The film is formed of ceramic which includes at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of B, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Cr, Y, Zr, Ta, Ce and Nd. In addition, at least a portion of the film is sealed by a resin.

Abstract: Disclosed are articles comprising layered nanocrystalline calcite and methods for forming nanocrystalline calcite layers and compositions comprising nanocrystalline calcite layers.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a ceramic material includes providing a mobilized filler material capable of infiltrating a porous ceramic matrix composite. The mobilized filler material includes at least one of a ceramic material and a free metal. The mobilized filler material is infiltrated into pores of the porous ceramic matrix composite. The mobilized filler material is then immobilized within the pores of the porous ceramic matrix composite.

Abstract: A support for an organic light-emitting diode device successively includes a transparent substrate, made of mineral glass, provided with first and second opposite main faces, the substrate being coated on its second face with a diffusing layer which includes a vitreous mineral binder and diffusing elements dispersed in the binder, the vitreous binder includes between 40% and 60% by weight of bismuth oxide Bi2O3 inclusive of these values, or even between 45% and 58% by weight of bismuth oxide Bi2O3 inclusive of these values, and the proportion of the vitreous binder is at least 20% of the total weight of the diffusing layer.

Abstract: A ceramic foam filter for molten aluminum alloys comprising an alumina silicate rich core and a boron glass shell and a chemical composition comprising: 20-70 wt % Al2O3, 20-60 wt % SiO2, 0-10 wt % CaO, 0-10 wt %; MgO and 2-20 wt % B2O3.

Abstract: A method of pressure forming a brown part from metal and/or ceramic particle feedstocks includes: introducing into a mold cavity or extruder a first feedstock and one or more additional feedstocks or a green or brown state insert made from a feedstock, wherein the different feedstocks correspond to the different portions of the part; pressurizing the mold cavity or extruder to produce a preform having a plurality of portions corresponding to the first and one or more additional feedstocks, and debinding the preform. Micro voids and interstitial paths from the interior of the preform part to the exterior allow the escape of decomposing or subliming backbone component substantially without creating macro voids due to internal pressure. The large brown preform may then be sintered and subsequently thermomechanically processed to produce a net wrought microstructure and properties that are substantially free the interstitial spaces.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a composite polymer/nanoporous film system and methods of fabrication of tunable nanoporous coatings on flexible polymer substrates. The porosity of the nanoporous film can be tuned during fabrication to a desired value by adjusting the deposition conditions. Experiments show that SiO2 coatings with tunable porosity fabricated by oblique-angle electron beam deposition can be deposited on polymer substrates. These conformable coatings have many applications, including in the field of optics where the ability to fabricate tunable refractive index coatings on a variety of materials and shapes is of great importance.

Abstract: Composite with a first part composed of a thermoset material and with a second part composed of a thermoplastic material, and with an adhesion-promoter layer located between these, where the first part has been bonded by way of the adhesion-promoter layer to the second part, and where the adhesion-promoter layer comprises pyrolytically deposited semiconductor oxides and/or pyrolytically deposited metal oxides.

Abstract: An optical article includes an optical element, a low refractive index layer disposed on the optical element having an effective refractive index of 1.3 or less and a polymeric protective layer disposed on the low refractive index layer. The low refractive index layer includes a binder, a plurality of metal oxide particles dispersed in the binder, and a plurality of interconnected voids. The polymeric protective layer does not increase an effective refractive index of the optical article by greater than 10%.

Abstract: Provided is a method for internally coating the pores of a porous functional coating made of a base material with a hardening material that reduces the diffusion of the base material and/or the reactivity of the base material with the environment thereof. The hardening material is deposited from the gas phase onto the interior surfaces of the pores. It was recognized that by depositing hardening material from the gas phase, it can be introduced much deeper into the pore system of the functional coating than had been possible according to the prior art. This applies in particular when the hardening material is not itself introduced into the pore s stem, but rather one or two precursors thereof, and from said precursors the actual hardening material forms at the internal surfaces of the pores.

Abstract: Durable nanoporous nanostructured materials that modify, eliminate and destroy biofilms that may develop due to the presence of bacteria, fungi and other microbes and method for making the same. Such nanoporous nanostructures may be deposited as coatings on a substrate and such coatings may include at least one nanopore and a plurality of nanoparticles which adhere to the substrate and/or other particles. The nanostructure can be produced using a single-sided electrode arrangement which is configured to produce an electrical arc or discharge at one end of an electrode and to emit the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles form a non-porous framework which delineates any nanopores and which can be deposited as one or more layers of nanothickness. Such nano structures may be resistant to removal from the substrate. Also described are testing methods and apparatus for the quick, accurate and simple evaluation of the efficacy of the antibiofilm properties of the nanoporous nano structure.

Abstract: A system and method of forming a wear resistant composite material includes placing a porous wear resistant filler material in a mold cavity and infiltrating the filler material with a matrix material by heating to a temperature sufficient to melt the matrix material, then cooling the assembly to form a wear resistant composite material. The system and method can be used to form the wear resistant composite material on the surface of a substrate, such as a part for excavating equipment or other mechanical part. One suitable matrix material may be any of a variety of ductile iron alloys.

Abstract: A porous carbonaceous composite material, a positive electrode and lithium air battery including the porous carbonaceous composite material, and a method of preparing the porous carbonaceous composite material. The porous carbonaceous composite material includes a carbon nanotube (CNT); and a modified carbonaceous material doped with a heterogeneous element, wherein the ratio of the number of surface oxygen atoms to the number of surface carbon atoms ranges upward from about 2 atom %.

Abstract: In the case of a liner for the protection of adhesives, the protective effect is to be enhanced in respect of permeates originating from the environment and also permeates included during winding or stacking and other processing steps. This enhancement is accomplished through provision of a liner which comprises at least one adhesive release layer and at least one layer of a getter material capable of sorbing at least one permeable substance.

Abstract: A method for modifying a porous substrate, including: coating at least a metal hydroxide layer on a porous substrate; and calcining the porous substrate with the metal hydroxide layer coated thereon to transform the metal hydroxide layer into a continuous metal oxide layer, forming a modified porous substrate. The disclosure also provides a modified porous substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an article having a surface modified to alter its surface tension property and increase resistance to sand abrasion as characterized by a material volume loss of less than 75 mm3 according to ASTM G65-04 Procedure B. In one embodiment of the method, an intermediate layer is first deposited onto a substrate of the article. At least a substrate on the article is protected by a coating layer, which comprises: an intermediate layer adjacent to the substrate with a thickness of at least 2 mils containing a plurality of pores with a total pore volume of 5 to 50% within a depth of at least 2 mils; and a surface layer comprising a lubricant material deposited onto the intermediate layer. The lubricant material infiltrates at least a portion of the pores for the coating to have the desired surface tension depending on the application.

Abstract: A method of producing a composite oxygen ion membrane and a composite oxygen ion membrane in which a porous fuel oxidation layer and a dense separation layer and optionally, a porous surface exchange layer are formed on a porous support from mixtures of (Ln1-xAx)wCr1-yByO3-? and a doped zirconia. In the porous fuel oxidation layer and the optional porous surface exchange layer, A is Calcium and in the dense separation layer A is not Calcium and, preferably is Strontium. Preferred materials are (La0.8Ca0.2)0.95Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-? for the porous fuel oxidation and optional porous surface exchange layers and (La0.8Sr0.2)0.95Cr0.5Fe0.5O3-? for the dense separation layer. The use of such materials allows the membrane to sintered in air and without the use of pore formers to reduce membrane manufacturing costs. The use of materials, as described herein, for forming the porous layers have application for forming any type of porous structure, such as a catalyst support.

Abstract: A magnesium/magnesium alloy-and-resin composite includes a magnesium/magnesium alloy substrate, and at least a resin composition coupled to a surface of the substrate. The surface of the substrate is formed with a plurality of pores having a diameter having a range of about 70 nm-400 nm and a depth having a range of about 60 nm-800 nm. The resin composition contains crystalline thermoplastic synthetic resins. A method for making the magnesium/magnesium alloy-and-resin composite is also described.

Abstract: Bilayer platelet fillers are employed to compensate for a positive coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of an embedding polymeric material, or even to provide a composite structure having a negative CTE to eliminate or alleviate thermomechanical stress and/or delamination during thermal cycling. A bilayer platelet includes two joined layers having different CTEs. The CTE mismatch induces bending of the bilayer platelets, thereby causing cavities at temperatures lower than the joining temperature at which the bilayers are joined. The decrease in the volume of the polymeric material and the bilayer platelets at low temperatures is compensated by an accompanying increase in the volume of the cavities so that the composite structure has a temperature independent volume, a low net CTE, or even a negative CTE.

Abstract: A process of applying a porous metallic structure and a cold-sprayed article are disclosed. The process includes cold spraying a solid feedstock and a low-melt material onto an article and removing at least a portion of the low-melt materials or applying a porous metallic structure includes cold spraying onto an article with two converging-diverging nozzles. The cold-sprayed article includes a porous metallic structure having a portion formed from cold spraying a solid feedstock. The portion includes the phases and microstructure of the solid feedstock.

Abstract: Antibacterial metallic nanofoams, substrates having the nanofoam coated thereon, methods for preventing, inhibiting, and/or killing bacterial growth using the metallic nanofoams, and compositions and methods for making the metallic nanofoams.

Abstract: An insulation coating method for a metal base comprises a thermal spraying step, an impregnation step, and a beam irradiation step. In the thermal spraying step, a first insulation coating is formed by thermally spraying a first metal oxide to the surface of the metal base. In the impregnation step, pores formed in the surface of the first insulation coating are impregnated with a sol that contains, as a dispersoid, a metal oxide, a hydrate of a metal oxide, or a metal hydroxide. In the beam irradiation step, a second insulation coating that is composed of a second metal oxide is formed by irradiating the first insulation coating and the sol with a high energy beam after the impregnation step.

Abstract: A molecular plasma deposition (MPD) method in combination with an atomic layer deposition (ALD) procedure is used to produce amorphous, nonconformal thin metal film coatings on a variety of substrates. The films are porous, mesh-like lattices with imperfections such as pinholes and pores, which are useful as scaffolds for cell attachment, controlled release of bioactive agents and protective coatings.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods of generating NP gallium nitride (GaN) across large areas (>1 cm2) with controlled pore diameters, pore density, and porosity. Also disclosed are methods of generating novel optoelectronic devices based on porous GaN. Additionally a layer transfer scheme to separate and create free-standing crystalline GaN thin layers is disclosed that enables a new device manufacturing paradigm involving substrate recycling. Other disclosed embodiments of this invention relate to fabrication of GaN based nanocrystals and the use of NP GaN electrodes for electrolysis, water splitting, or photosynthetic process applications.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment includes a multi-fully alloyed powder that provides a wear- resistant and corrosion-resistant coating on a substrate when applied by a thermal spraying process. The coating exhibits desirable hardness, toughness, and bonding characteristics in a highly dense coating that is suitable for a wide range of temperatures. The embodiment provides a method of forming a coating, the method comprising: providing a substrate; and disposing onto the substrate a coating, comprising: a powder-containing composition comprising an alloy, the alloy comprising a solid solution comprising nickel, and a first component comprising at least one transition metal element and at least one nonmetal element.