Abstract: An article is coated with a multilayer coating comprising a nickel layer deposited on the surface of the article, a nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer deposited on the nickel layer, a chrome layer deposited on the nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer, a refractory metal, preferably zirconium, strike layer deposited on the chrome layer, and a refractory metal compound, preferably zirconium nitride, deposited on the refractory metal strike layer. The coating provides the color of polished brass to the article and also provides abrasion and corrosion protection.

Abstract: A fiber reinforcing mat is used proximate a through hole in an automotive structural element in order to reinforce the element in the area approximate the through hole. The fiber reinforcing mat is comprised of a warp having a plurality of radially extending loops and a weft which is woven through the loops in a spiral fashion. Since the weft is configured as a spiral, weft material is more dense in the area close to the through hole than in the area distal of the through hole. Consequently, the stiffness of the structural element decreases gradually in radial directions away from the through hole.

Abstract: The hard carbon coating-clad base material of the present invention comprises a base material, a substratal metal coating formed on the base material by a wet plating process, an intermediate metal coating comprising a titanium or chromium coating formed on the substratal metal coating by a dry plating process and a silicon coating formed on the titanium or chromium coating by a dry plating process, and a hard carbon coating formed on the silicon coating by a dry plating process. According to the present invention, a highly reliable hard carbon coating which is excellent in corrosion resistance, adhesion and abrasion resistance can be formed even on brass or an iron base material having poor corrosion resistance, such as SK steel and martensitic and ferritic stainless steels.

Abstract: A collection tarpaulin is comprised of top and bottom sheets. The top sheet partially overlies the bottom sheet. Contiguous portions of their respective peripheries are joined together to form a pouch and an exposed portion of the bottom sheet. Trimmings from a tree or bush fall onto the exposed portion of the bottom sheet. By lifting the free end of the bottom sheet, the trimmings slide by gravity into the pouch for disposal. The collection tarpaulin may be made from a single sheet or from two separate sheets. The collection tarpaulin may be rectangular or circular in shape. For trimming long hedges, the collection tarpaulin can be much longer than it is wide.

Abstract: A longitudinal magnetic recording medium formed on a non-metallic substrate and a method of forming the medium is disclosed. A sublayer formed of a chromium alloy having a thickness between 3-50 .ANG. is deposited on the substrate, followed by a chromium-based underlayer. A cobalt-based magnetic recording layer is sputtered over the underlayer. The medium is characterized by improved coercivity, HF signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multilayer material more particularly intended for producing an anti-erosion and anti-abrasion coating, as well as the process for producing this multilayer material. The aim of the invention is to produce a material which has a greater resistance and which can be deposited at low temperatures. This aim is achieved with the aid of a multilayer material, which is characterized in that it comprises a substrate covered with at least one metallic tungsten ductile layer and at least one hard layer of a solid solution of an additional element chosen from among carbon or nitrogen or a mixture of carbon and nitrogen in tungsten or a tungsten alloy, the two types of layers are alternating. The invention more particularly relates to the production of a coating for parts used in aeronautics.

Abstract: A multilayer structure has a selectable, (i) propagating reaction front velocity V, (ii) reaction initiation temperature attained by application of external energy and (iii) amount of energy delivered by a reaction of alternating unreacted layers of the multilayer structure. Because V is selectable and controllable, a variety of different applications for the multilayer structures are possible, including but not limited to their use as ignitors, in joining applications, in fabrication of new materials, as smart materials and in medical applications and devices. The multilayer structure has a period D, and an energy release rate constant K. Two or more alternating unreacted layers are made of different materials and separated by reacted zones. The period D is equal to a sum of the widths of each single alternating reaction layer of a particular material, and also includes a sum of reacted zone widths, t.sub.i, in the period D.

Abstract: A carbonaceous, refractory or metal alloy substrate material coated with a refractory material, the refractory material including at least one of borides, silicides, nitrides, aluminides, carbides, phosphides, oxides, metal alloys, inter-metallic compounds and mixtures of one of titanium, chromium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, silicon, niobium, tantalum, nickel, molybdenum and iron and at least one refractory oxide of rare earth metals. An aluminum production cell including a component made up of a material coated with the coating described above is also disclosed.

Abstract: A rotary seal member, such as a gas turbine engine blade, is provided with an improved surface layer which has an elastic modulus matched with the elastic modulus of a substrate of the member. Also, the surface layer does not form a brittle intermetallic with the substrate at an intended operating temperature. In one form, the surface layer includes abrasive particles adapted to inhibit chemical reaction with the layer material. One specific example is a Ti-alloy substrate having a metallurgically bonded layer based on Nb, and including cubic boron nitride abrasive particles coated with cobalt entrapped in the layer.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multilayer coating comprising a nickel layer deposited on the surface of the article, a nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer deposited on the nickel layer, a refractory metal, preferably zirconium, strike layer deposited on the nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer, and a refractory metal compound, preferably zirconium nitride, deposited on the refractory metal strike layer. The coating provides the color of polished brass to the article and also provides abrasion and corrosion protection.

Abstract: Composite structures having a higher density, stronger reinforcing niobium based alloy embedded within a lower density, lower strength niobium based alloy are provided. The matrix is preferably an alloy having a niobium and titanium base according to the expressions:Nb.sub.balance -Ti.sub.27-40.5 -Al.sub.4.5-10.5 -Hf.sub.1.5-5.5 -Cr.sub.4.5-7.9 -V.sub.0-6,orNb.sub.balance -Ti.sub.27-40.5 -Al.sub.4.5-10.5 -Hf.sub.1.5-5.5 -Cr.sub.4.5-7.9 -V.sub.0-6 -Zr.sub.0-1 C.sub.0-0.5.The reinforcement may be in the form of strands of the higher strength, higher temperature niobium based alloy. The same crystal form is present in both the matrix and the reinforcement and is specifically body centered cubic crystal form.

Abstract: An article is coated with a multilayer coating comprising a nickel layer deposited on the surface of the article, a nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer deposited on the nickel layer, a refractory metal, preferably zirconium, strike layer deposited on the nickel-tungsten-boron alloy layer, and a refractory metal compound, preferably zirconium nitride, deposited on the refractory metal strike layer. The coating provides the color of polished brass to the article and also provides abrasion and corrosion protection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process in which a metal or metal alloy is thermal spray coated onto a base alloy material prior to hot working. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of plasma coating of titanium over a titanium alloy plate for improved hot workability. This combination allows the crack-sensitive base alloy to be rolled with a minimum of surface and edge cracks. In addition, by using a plasma sprayed titanium coating there is a reduction in the roll force required to reduce the material during the hot working process.

Abstract: Composite structures having a higher density, stronger reinforcing niobium based alloy embedded within a lower density, lower strength niobium based cladding alloy are provided. The cladding is preferably an alloy having a niobium and titanium base according to the expression:Nb.sub.balance -Ti.sub.27-40.5 -Al.sub.4.5-10.5 -Hf.sub.1.5-5.5 V.sub.0-6 Cr.sub.4.5-8.5 Zr.sub.0-1 C.sub.0-0.5,where each metal of the metal/metal composite has a body centered cubic crystal structure, andwherein the ratio of concentrations of Ti to Nb (Ti/Nb) is greater than or equal (.gtoreq.) to 0.5, andwherein the maximum concentration of the Hf+V+Al+Cr additives is less than or equal (.ltoreq.) to the expression:16.5+5.times.Ti/Nb.The reinforcement may be in the form of plates, sheets or rods of the higher strength, higher temperature niobium based reinforcing alloy. The same crystal form is present in both the matrix and the reinforcement and is specifically body centered cubic crystal form.

Abstract: A titanium-high carbon steel laminate composed of two outer layers of titanium with the steel in the middle. The steel being heat-treatable to very high hardness and the outer titanium layers providing strength and corrosion resistance. The laminate is bonded together by a brazing process. The brazing or filler material may be of various compositions. This laminate is invented for the purpose of knife and similar cutting tool manufacture.

Abstract: Artifical pinning centers are provided in normal metal layers adjacent to a type II superconductor layer produced by reacting two normal metal layers. The transverse thicknesses of the final superconductor and normal metal layers are less than about 1000 A.degree.. Planar layers of metal which are to provide a multilayer wire whose layers are parallel. A plurality of the multilayer wires are combined to produce a multifilament superconductor, the layers in all the individual wires being parallel to each other.

Abstract: An article of manufacture, for example a conductor for an electrical wire or cable, is provided with a refractory coating preferably formed from a refractory metal or semi-metal oxide or nitride and preferably deposited on the surface of the article by a vacuum deposition process such as a sputter ion plating method. Adhesion of the refractory coating, especially at high temperatures may be improved, and migration of the substrate metal through the coating may be suppressed by varying the stoichiometry of the coating through its thickness and/or by the provision of a metallic or refractory intermediate layer. The articles are particularly suitable for use in circuit and signal integrity cables.The vacuum deposited refractory layer may constitute the sole refractory, or additional refractory layers may be deposited by other methods e.g. a sol-gel method.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy with improved performance with exposure to oxygen-sulfur mixed gases with the alloy containing about 9-30 wt. % Cr and a small amount of Nb and/or Zr implanted on the surface of the alloy to diffuse a depth into the surface portion, with the alloy exhibiting corrosion resistance to the corrosive gases without bulk addition of Nb and/or Zr and without heat treatment at temperatures of 1000.degree.-1100.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for producing a superconductor includes the steps of combining a plurality of metal bodies to form a composite structure, metal bodies being selected from transition metals such as niobium, tantalum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium and vanadium, alternate bodies being formed of different transition metals to form triplets. The transition metals are reacted to form a ductile superconducting ternary alloy at the interfaces of these triplets of metals. The extent of the reaction is limited so as to maintain areas of pure or nearly pure transition metal along with the superconducting ternary alloy in at least one of each triplet of transition metals.

Abstract: In a preferred form of the invention, a superconductor is produced by the steps of combining a plurality of layers of metal sheets to form a composite structure. The sheets are pure transition metals--niobium, titanium, zirconium, or vanadium, alternate sheets being formed of different transition metals. The resulting composite structure is mechanically reduced sufficiently so that each transition metal sheet is less than 1000 .ANG. thick. In the course of reduction, the composite is subjected to sufficient temperatures for sufficient times such that the transition metal layers are partially reacted to form a ductile superconducting material between the transition metal layers. Approximately one half by volume of the transition metal layers remain unreacted. These unreacted layers afford efficient flux pinning within the composite when the layers are reduced to the <1000.ANG. final size. In other embodiments, powders and filaments can be used instead of initial layers.

Abstract: Quartenized derivatives of oligoquinoline have been reacted with refractory metal oxysalts to generate oligoquinolinium metal oxide salts which provide excellent corrosion inhibition of iron based alloy articles in sulfur containing media.

Abstract: A magnetic storage medium is composed of a non-wettable substrate upon which a transient liquid metal layer is deposited and maintained as a distribution of discontinuous liquid features. A magnetic film layer is deposited on the transient liquid metal layer resulting in a reaction of the liquid metal with the magnetic film. The topology of the magnetic film is controllable by adjusting the thickness of the transient liquid metal layer.

Abstract: A titanium-containing metallic material having a high heat-resistant and abrasion resistant surface is produced by (A) cleaning a titanium-containing metallic material, (B) first plating the cleaned surface of the metallic material with Cu or Ni by a strike or flash plating method, (C) second plating the first plated surface of the Ti-containing material with Ni, Ni-P alloy or a composite material comprising a Ni-P alloy matrix and fine ceramic particles dispersed in the matrix by an electroplating method, (D) non-oxidatively heat treating the second plated Ti-containing material at 450.degree. C.

Abstract: An oxidation resistant coating for titanium alloys and titanium alloy matrix composites comprises an MCrAlX material. M is a metal selected from nickel, cobalt, and iron. X is an active element selected from Y, Yb, Zr and Hf.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high temperature-resistant composite which consists of at least one part of molybdenum or a molybdenum alloy, and at least one part of graphite, which parts are joined together by means of a zirconium solder. A two-ply interlayer, consisting of a 0.01-0.5 mm thick layer of vanadium, and a 0.1-0.5 mm thick layer of tungsten, tantalum or niobium, is arranged between the part of molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder. The layer structure substantially prevents the formation of a eutectic between molybdenum or the molybdenum alloy and the zirconium solder, thereby preventing the reduction of the maximum permissible use temperature of the composite.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cyanide-free electrolyte being harmless to the environment and to health which makes feasible the production of black surface layers on light metals or on alloys of the latter, preferably titanium, remaining deeply-black and adhesive even after extreme changes in the ambient temperature and having nearly equal values of the optical absorptivity of radiation and of the thermal emission capability (the .alpha./.epsilon.-ratio is about 0.95) by means of the anodic oxidation by spark discharge (ANDF-method). These layers are absolutely X-amorphous and show, hence, an ideal optically isotropic behavior regarding the reflection of radiation. Due to their minmum evolution of gases they offer a high thermovacuum stability. The electrolyte consists of an ammoniacal solution of K.sub.2 H.sub.2 PO.sub.4 potassium dihydrogenphosphate and K.sub.2 CrO.sub.4 potassium chromate. The homogeneity of the optically black layers is ensured by not using fluoride ions and employing acetate ions.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate comprises plasma spraying a prealloyed feed powder onto a substrate, where the prealloyed feed powder comprises a significant amount of an alloy of stainless steel and at least one refractory element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, and tungsten. The plasma spraying of such a feed powder is conducted in an oxygen containing atmosphere and forms an adherent, corrosion resistant, and substantially homogenous metallic refractory alloy coating on the substrate.

Abstract: Device comprising a substrate and a metallized sensor/heater element having a temperature coefficient of resistance of at least 2000 parts per million. Methods of fabricating the devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cathode current collector/container for use in an electrochemical battery cell, e.g., a Na/S battery cell, which includes an advantageously porous graphite first layer and a molybdenum second layer securely bonded to the graphite first layer, preferably by means of a chemical vapor deposition process. In a preferred embodiment, the cathode current collector/container further includes a third layer constituted of a structurally rigid, electrically conductive material, e.g., tantalum, securely bonded to the molybdenum second layer, preferably by means of a chemical vapor deposition process. Additionally, the cathode current collector/container may further include a protective coating of sealant material, e.g., pyrolitic graphite or carbon, deposited at least partially within pores of the porous graphite constituting the first layer. The cathode current collector/container may be embodied in either a tubular or planar structural configuration.

Abstract: An article of manufacture, for example a conductor for an electrical wire or cable, is provided with a refractory coating preferably formed from a refractory metal or semi-metal oxide or nitride and preferably deposited on the surface of the article by a vacuum deposition process such as a sputter ion plating method. Adhesion of the refractory coating, especially at high temperatures may be improved, and migration of the substrate metal through the coating may be suppressed by varying the stoichiometry of the coating through its thickness and/or by the provision of a metallic or refractory intermediate layer. The articles are particularly suitable for use in circuit and signal integrity cables.The vacuum deposited refractory layer may constitute the sole refractory, or additional refractory layers may be deposited by other methods e.g. a sol-gel method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic multilayered film in which layers of Fe or of an alloy containing Fe as an essential constituent are laminated together with intermediate layers of a nonmagnetic metal. In an embodiment of the magnetic multilayered film, each of the Fe layers or each of the Fe alloy layers is epitaxially grown on at least part of each of the intermediate layers of the nonmagnetic metal. A magnetic head having the magnetic multilayered film is also disclosed. The nonmagnetic metal is at least one of those selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Cu, Nb, W, Al and Pt.

Abstract: The coated article includes a refractory metal substrate having an oxidation resistant intermetallic layer formed in situ thereon; e.g., a fused refractory metal silicide layer, and a ceramic layer applied on and adhering to the intermetallic layer to provide enhanced high temperature properties and improved resistance to premature catastrophic failure in high temperature oxidizing environments where dissimilar materials are present that may destructively react with the intermetallic layer.

Abstract: A getter wire is made by wrapping alternate layers of getter metal and refractory metal around an ingot of refractory metal. The composite ingot thus formed is reduced to wire, preferably by extrusion and drawing. The multi layers of refractory and getter metals can then be heated to form an alloy of the two metals from which the getter is evaporated during use. A preferred combination is tantalum as refractory and titanium as getter.

Abstract: A structure which is resistant to corrosion at high temperatures comprises a ductile layer of a platinum group metal, such as iridium, and a layer of a refractory metal having a high strength at high temperatures, such as rhenium. A solid solution of the two metals is present between and metallurgically bonded to the two metal layers. Further, the structure may include a layer of ceramic such as zirconia or hafnia on the exposed face of the platinum group metal layer.

Abstract: A method of protecting ferrous metal structures from oxidative attack in an aqueous, corrosive, oxidative environment by applying a thin, impervious coating of an oxide of titanium, zirconium, tantalum or niobium (or a mixture of two or more such oxides). The coating is applied as an alloy (preformed or form in situ) of the respective metal and a more noble metal such as nickel, cobalt, copper or iron and the alloy is preferably thermally oxidized under conditions to oxidize the titanium, zirconium and/or niobium without oxidizing the more noble metal, which serves to bind the oxide coating to the substrate. Alternatively the alloy may be applied, and then oxidized by the conditions of use.

Abstract: A materials system is provided which is adapted for use in jet engines operable at high temperature and at lower density than possible with nickel base superalloys. A range of niobium base alloys is combined with a range of protective metallic coatings to provide a material system which permits a wide variety of alloy properties and performance characteristics to be combined in structural components of jet engines.

Abstract: A magnetic optical recording element including a rare earth-transition metal recording layer, a barrier layer and a self-passivating active metal layer.

Abstract: A method of providing corrosion resistant substrates having an amorphous metallic alloy coating thereon. The method comprises depositing refractory and transition elements, such as Ni, Nb, Ti and Cr, onto the substrate to provide a crystalline metallic layer thereon which is then irradiated to convert the layer into an amorphous metallic coating on the substrate. The coated substrate displays a corrosion resistance which is at least about four orders of magnitude greater than for the uncoated substrate in both lN HNO.sub.3 and 0.1 N NaCl aqueous solutions.

Abstract: A method of laying a protective coating on a blade (1) made of a titanium alloy including vanadium. Vanadium powder is deposited on the portion of the blade (1) to be coated, the temperature of the powder is then raised to a temperature slightly greater than the melting point of vanadium. A powder of a cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy is then deposited on the layer of vanadium, and this powder is raised to a temperature greater than its melting temperature and less than the melting temperature of vanadium. A blade made of an alloy of titanium including vanadium is characterized in that the blade includes a coating layer (5) of cobalt-chromium-tungsten alloy at its periphery, said layer being at least 1 mm thick and covering an underlayer of vanadium (6) which has a thickness lying in the range 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The resulting blade has very high resistance to abrasion by water droplets.

Abstract: A process for casting molten transition metal alloy comprising 15 to 35 at % of rare earth metal in which the molten alloy is contacted with a surface (26) of a backing member (25) and the alloy is caused to solidify whilst in contact with the surface (26) such that when the alloy has solidified there is produced a unitary structure (21) comprising a solid layer (27) of the alloy bonded to the backing member (25). The process minimizes the effects of cracking in the alloy and facilitates the use of the alloy as a sputter target.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant article comprising a refractory metal having a sulfide coating of said refractory metal formed thereon and a method for producing the same by forming on a refractory metal substrate a sulfide coating of said refractory metal. The corrosion resistant article may be provided in a composite comprising also a metal substrate.

Abstract: Erosion resistance is imparted to a metallic substrate without an attendant loss of fatigue life in the substrate in one embodiment by applying to the substrate a first ductile layer comprising a metal from Group VI to Group VIII elements as well as the noble metal group of elements, and a second hard erosion-resistant layer applied on the first layer comprising a boride, carbide, nitride or oxide of a metal selected from Group III to Group VI elements, the first layer capable of retaining substrate integrity and preventing diffusion of material from the second layer into the substrate. Another embodiment defines another layer of a substantially pure metal from Group III to Group VI between the first and second layers. Still another embodiment defines that in the second layer the content of either the carbide, nitride, boride or oxide is graded, i.e.

Abstract: Certain magnetic alloys are useful for a variety of applications including for magneto-optic memory storage media (optical disks). These magnetic alloys are difficult to protect against composition alteration through such processes as corrosion, oxidation, diffusion, etc. The invention is a multiple-layer structure which protects the magnetic alloys against diffusion as well as corrosion and oxidation without affecting performance of the magnetic alloy in the optical disk. Such magnetic memory storage devices exhibit high bit density and long life. They are erasable and inexpensive and highly advantageous for use in high-bit memory storage devices.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of bonding columbium to columbium wherein a brazing foil of titanium which has been coated with either a layer of copper or a layer of nickel or layers of copper and then nickel, preferably on both sides of the foil, is disposed between the columbium sheets or the like to be joined. The columbium are placed in intimate contact with opposite sides of the foil and heated to a temperature above the eutectic point of the eutectics of the metals of the foil and no higher than about 1750.degree. F. for about 90 minutes and then cooled to provide the desired bond.

Abstract: A magnetic recording disk includes a silicon substrate which is extremely flat and essentially asperity-free. A nonmagnetic underlayer is deposited on the silicon to enhance the magnetic performance of the magnetic layer which is deposited on the underlayer. A protective nonmagnetic overlayer is deposited on the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A vertical magnetic recording media has a ternary alloy magnetic layer deposited on an intermetallic compound nucleating layer. In one example the intermetallic phase of cobalt and tungsten, which occurs at a discrete stoichiometric ratio of 3 to 1, i.e. Co.sub.3 W, forms a nucleating layer deposited on the media substrate. A magntic layer of (CoCr).sub.90 W.sub.10 is formed on the nucleating layer. Both the nucleating layer and the magnetic layer have a hexagonal crystalline structure with hexagonal cell constants which are related by an integral multiple. The film structure has minimal C-axis dispersion and an excellent ratio of perpendicular to horizontal coercivities.

Abstract: The bond strength between a silicon carbide substrate and a metal layer comprised of a series of metal films is improved without detrimentally affecting other properties of such a device by interposing a layer of silicon, Si.sub.2 Mo or mixtures thereof between the substrate and the first metal film in the layer which is preferably Ti, Zr or Hf.

Abstract: A titanium clad steel plate is formed by conversion rolling an explosively bonded composite which includes intermediate layer selected from tantalum or niobium in alloyed or unalloyed form. The process is particularly characterized by the inclusion of a second intermediate layer of cooper or nickel between the steel and the first intermediate layer. After explosion bonding of this four layered composite, the same may be preheated to for 1 hour at, e.g., 830.degree. C. before hot rolling to a thickness of one fifth that of the composite.

Abstract: A ceramic part is joined to a metal part by means of a molybdenum copper composite interlayer disposed between, and brazed to, the ceramic part and the metal part.

Abstract: A thin film of magnetic recording material is sputter deposited over a base layer of gold and tantalum on a polished substrate. A protective layer of gold and tantalum is deposited overlaying the magnetic recording film. A solid lubricant layer such as carbon, preferably in the form of graphite, gold, silver, tin, molybdenum disulfide, and tungsten disulfide is sputter deposited or ion plated over the protective layer to reduce wear. The recording contacting portion of the recording head is similarly coated with a solid lubricant material. Other suitable protective materials include tantalum, niobium, tungsten and nitrides and carbides of such metals. In a preferred method for making such recording members, the layers are successively sputter deposited in an evacuated sputter chamber, whereby the recording layers and protective coatings are formed in a continuous process requiring only one pump down.