Abstract: A light control sheet capable of scattering an incident light of particular incident angle is produced by a method composed of preparing a film of a composition containing at least two photopolymerizable components having different refractive indexes, irradiating on the film a light from a particular direction, and obtaining a cured film of the light control sheet product. Such other light control sheets as capable of scattering a plurality of incident lights each of particular incident angle are obtained by modification of the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: A Christmas tree ornament formed of a rectangularly shaped battery box and an ornamentally shaped ornament. The battery box and ornament are interconnected by a flexible cable of two electrical conductors. Visual ornamentation disguises the battery box as a Christmas wrapped give box. The ornament includes a D.C. motor for driving at least one moveable part for performing a decorative visual effect.

Abstract: The invention is a reduced radar detectable runway. In detail, the invention comprises a runway having a plurality of holes randomly orientated and randomly dispersed across and along the surface thereof. The holes are preferably polygons, and ideally square in shape, and filled with a dielectric material. Additionally, the minimum necessary perimeter of the runway should include an extended portion in an irregular pattern about a least a portion of the necessary perimeter. This portion should also incorporate the randomly positioned and orientated holes.

Abstract: A thermal camouflage fabric (12) comprising a heat reflective composite material (14, 16) which is coated on both of its sides with a protective material (18), the heat reflective composite material (14, 16) comprising at least one layer of a metal (14) and at least one layer of a flexible support material (16), the protective material (18) being such that it protects the heat reflective composite material (14, 16) from damage and such that it has predetermined thermal emission characteristics, the protective material (18) being securely bonded to the heat reflective composite material (14, 16), and the thermal camouflage fabric (12) being such that the heat reflective composite material (14, 16) is first formed from the said at least one layer of the metal (14) and the said at least one layer of the flexible support material (16), and is then woven.

Abstract: An archery bow-mountable blind is provided which effectively camouflages the movements of the archer, bowstring, and arrow as the bow is being drawn while providing sufficiently clear observation of the target for accurate aiming. The preferred apparatus includes a sheet of camouflage material, a pair of support members for supporting the sheet therebetween, and a pair of attachment straps for coupling the support members to a bow. The camouflage sheet has a plurality of cuts defined therethrough forming a corresponding plurality of flaps and openings. The flaps simulate foliage thereby enhancing the camouflage effect of the apparatus and the openings provide clear observation of the target. The preferred support members are shiftable between extended positions in which the members are generally transverse to the bow's long axis and collapsed positions in which the members are generally aligned with the bow's long axis.

Abstract: The waterproof shelter fabric of the invention is a 3-layer fabric, incorporating a first layer of lightweight fabric material, a second layer of polyurethane film and a third layer of Nylon tricot fabric material. Both the first and second layers, and the second and third layers, are laminated together, and the outside surface of the first layer is treated with an available water repellant to an extent consistent with the degree of waterproof protection desired.

Abstract: The present invention is an improved camouflage system for visually concealing people and objects from animals wherein the selection of colors to be used depends on the extent of the animal's color vision and the reflectivity of the colors used in a neutral value scale. In one form of the invention, the system includes a base color carrier means of a base color hue having a first reflectivity and adapted for application to people or objects. The system further includes at least three contrast color carrier means of different contrast color hues adapted for application to people or objects, wherein the contrast color hues each have a reflectivity which is substantially different from the reflectivity of the base color hue and the other contrast color hues. In one embodiment of the invention, at least one of the base color hue and the contrast color hues is other than brown, black and white.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an article having a surface pattern adapted to conceal in a leafy environment. The pattern is designed to approximate the leafy background, by incorporating colors and shapes typical of the environment in appearance. These shapes are primarily leaf and twig, shapes and colors. The leaf and twig appearance is dappled or mottled by using dark and light variations of twig and leaf, the general background is chosen from a lighter leaf color. In preferred form, autumnal leaf colors are included for use in areas where a fall season occurs, again these are provided in two shades. In an especially preferred form the darker leaf forms and the lighter general background are themselves mottled or dappled. The leafy environment may be woodland, parkland, forest, shrub, scrub, bush, wilderness, bog, jungle, timberland, and includes any environment where there is a substantial proportion of leafy plants.

Abstract: There is provided an artificial pine needle including a plurality of strands each of which may be made from an olefin material. The strands are adjacent and somewhat parallel to one another. The strands are attached to one another on one end. The strands have appearance and characteristics to emulate a natural pine needle. The artificial pine needles are used as a synthetic ground cover.

Abstract: A composite material for the absorbtion of microwave radiation comprises a number of layers of non-woven textile fabric. The layers of fabric are bonded together, each layer containing differing quantities of a comminuted conductive material, such as dispersed carbon.

Abstract: Smooth articles such as bows and rifles are coated during a finishing process to form a rough, nubby exterior surface having a unique, three-dimensional appearance for facilitating concealment of the article among vegetation. The method in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention includes the steps of initially coating the object with a uniform base color such as battleship gray, and then applying splatter paint through a specially configured orifice to provide a number of raised, spaced apart images over the base color. Next, a number of removable, self-adhering templates are placed over the article in spaced relation to each other, and a second coat of splatter paint of color different than the color of the underlying discrete, splatter paint images is applied to the spaces between adjacent templates.

Abstract: A camouflage wrapping strip that takes the form of a given length of strip material such as cloth, plastic or the like having mutually engageable fasteners at longitudinally spaced positions over the length of the strip for overlapping attachment across the points of the strip when wrapped about the body of a hunter. Artificial foliage elements are fastened to the strip at longitudinally spaced positions with the foliage elements breaking up the body outline. The artificial foliage elements may be artificial flowers, leaves, weeds, etc.

Abstract: The full face decorative applique according to this invention comprises a full face image printed on a hypoallergenic self-adhesive material backed by easy release non-stick paper. The full face image is precut and prescored into at least five discrete facial sections for ease of application to the face. The facial image is divided into separate facial sections, one for the nose, two for the cheeks and eyes as well as separate sections for the mouth (lips) and for the chin. The separate sections of the image are precut so as to leave uncut pieces of the overall facial design between the various facial sections when they are removed from the backing.

Abstract: A protective and/or camouflage material is provided, in particular a protective and/or camouflage mat for protecting persons and objects against observation and/or against chemical and biological agents such as nerve gases. With a view to obtain a particularly efficient protection against chemical and biological agents the camouflage material is treated, e.g. coated or impregnated with a substance capable of decomposing and decontaminating chemical and biological agents.

Abstract: A multispectral three-dimensional camouflage mat has a base or substrate layer into which are woven strands of yarn of varying length and color to simulate terrain or landscape, or alternatively to serve as a decoy by simulating a target. Desired reflection and absorption of visible light as well as infrared, ultraviolet, and microwave frequencies is provided by materials integrally contained within the yarn strands, and by supplemental materials on the base layer. An alternative embodiment is a light-penetrable camouflage screen which also uses the concept of integral incorporation of reflecting and absorbing additives for nonvisual wavelengths in plastic material forming the body of the screen.

Abstract: A headgear cushion (18) having a closed-cell foam core coated with a non-allergenic vinyl/nitrile composition. A powdered carbon is mixed with the vinyl/nitrile composition to provide a dark color. Pressure responsive material (28, 30) is adhered to the coated foam core (20, 26) and made removably attachable to a headgear (10).

Abstract: A decorative device for camouflaging a well casing which projects above the ground comprises a base place adapted to be secured on the upper end of the casing, a clamping assembly on top of the base plate, and a plurality of rod members secured in and projecting from the clamping assembly, the outer end of each of these rod members being configured to support a flower pot.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having a camouflaged appearance has a cellular of foamlike pressure-sensitive core layer and at least one relatively thin, dense, pigmented pressure-sensitive adhesive surface layer. The thickness of the core layer may be about 0.1 mm and that of a surface layer about 0.03 mm. The surface layer of such a composite tape appears to be more intense in color than does either the core layer or the surface layer by itself. When viewed edgewise, the composite tape appears to present a color that is more intense than one would expect from viewing the edges of the core layer and surface layer by themselves.

Abstract: A conventional broad-band camouflage material comprising a base layer, a reflective metal layer and a paint layer which imitates the visible and near IR spectral reflective properties of a natural background and contains binders which are transparent in the far IR range, is improved in the radar spectral range by providing the metal layer in the form of spaced squares or rectangles whose long dimension is smaller than 1/2 lambda of the largest radar wavelength used for reconnaissance and larger than 1/2 lambda of the radar wavelength used for homing missiles and bullets. The base layer consists of woven strips of polyethylene material forming squares or rectangles which are metallized on both sides and then covered with polyethylene film coated with liquid polyethylene adhesive. The adhesive fills in the spaces between the strips thus isolating the squares or rectangles from each other and preventing conductivity.

Abstract: A chin cup arrangement (10) is disclosed having a foam chin cup (32). The chin cup foam (32) is adhered to a canvas interface (33). The composite foam and canvas structure is coated with a vinyl/nitrile mixture, pigmented to a dark color with a finely powered carbon. A pair of straps (20, 26) are then sewn to the contoured composite foam/canvas cup.

Abstract: A vehicle carried system for camouflage with foam includes a plant for generating water-based foam. The foam generating plant includes a reservoir for foaming liquid or a water tank with a reservoir for a foaming agent, which are connected to produce foaming liquid. The foaming liquid is pumped, or delivered in another way, under pressure to the foam generator for generating camouflage to be applied to the ground or to be filled into containers. Containers and free foam are preferably colored to give the protected object a good visual camouflage.

Abstract: A temporary or permanent bridge is constructed to enable transportation across a waterway. In wartime such a bridge constitutes a bombing target. The object of the present invention is to draw attention to said bridge by creating one or more false bridges one beside the other, each consisting of a frame provided with floating elements (11,16,19 and 22) and a covering layer (23) which, seen from above, give the impression of a roadway.

Abstract: A camouflage fabric having (1) opposed surface areas of a size sufficient to extend over the object or personnel to be camouflaged and (2) a weight per unit surface area within the range of 1 to 16 ounces per square yard. The camouflage fabric comprises a knit yarn fabric formed of a multiplicity of knit stitches and a multiplicity of parallel longitudinally extending inserts held in the knit fabric by longitudinally extending stitch sections of yarn between the inserts and transversely extending stitch sections of yarn on opposite sides of the inserts spaced longitudinally therealong. The strips are held by the knit yarn fabric so that opposite surface areas thereof correspond with opposite surface areas of the camouflage fabric and so that each side edge of each strip is disposed in spaced parallel relation with an opposite side edge of an adjacent strip.

Abstract: A multispectral three-dimensional camouflage mat has a base or substrate layer into which are woven strands of yarn of varying length and color to simulate terrain or landscape, or alternatively to serve as a decoy by simulating a target. Desired reflection and absorption of visible light as well as infrared, ultraviolet, and microwave frequencies is provided by materials integrally contained within the yarn strands, and by supplemental materials on the base layer.

Abstract: A bark camouflage cloth mimics the rough bark of a tree. The camouflage pattern on the cloth consists basically of rough, highly elongated vertical ribs of a first light or countershaded earth tone, vertical channels of a second, darker earth tone, and black vertical shadow edge markings along one side edge of each of the ribs. Islands of a third color, e.g., a greenish hue, are interspersed among the vertical ribs. The pattern of vertical shadow edge markings changes from left to right across the pattern to create the illusion of curvature of a tree trunk.

Abstract: A conventional broad-band camouflage material comprising a base layer, a reflective metal layer and a paint layer which imitates the visible and near IR spectral reflective properties of a natural background and contains binders which are transparent in the far IR range, is improved in the radar spectral range by providing the metal layer in the form of spaced squares or rectangles whose long dimension is smaller than 1/2 lambda of the largest radar wavelength used for reconnaissance and larger than 1/2 lambda of the radar wavelength used for homing missiles and bullets.

Abstract: A decorative fitting having an internal layer as well as a method of fabricating it are disclosed. Preferably, the color layer is a very thin color wall dimensioned so that when it is viewed at one angle it gives the appearance of being a solid wall, yet when it is viewed at another angle it is substantially transparent. To make the color wall, one preferably forms a frame on a first substantially transparent panel such that the frame projects out from the first panel surface. One then abuts a second substantially transparent panel against the frame so as to form a color material insert cavity point, one injects a flowable colored material/adhesive mixture into the cavity and permits the colored adhesive to harden and bind the panel walls together. Thereafter, one cuts the transparent panels into a multiplicity of handle components by cutting the walls along lines partially transverse to the color layer. This forms multiple handle components which are a sandwich of the walls with the color layer in between.

Abstract: The camouflage material, effective in the spectral range from visible light to radar waves, is made up of sequential layers of a textile fabric base, a thermoplastic coating containing randomly distributed dipole materials having a rod-like shape and semiconductive properties to absorb radar rays, a metallic layer to reflect infrared radiation and capable of transmitting radar waves and an outer optically camouflaging paint.

Abstract: The thermal emission characteristics of a camouflage material are predetermined to match closely the known thermal emission characteristics of the natural environment in which the particular camouflage material is intended to be used. This control is accomplished by the combination of a reflecting thin metallic layer covered on at least the exposed side by a layer of plastic comprising at least two different plastic materials each having respectively different emissivity properties. The reflecting layer both minimizes the heating of the camouflage material from sources covered by the material and reflects incident heat from meteorological sources such as solar warming. The plastic layer controls and determines the radiation of heat from all parts of the exposed surface of the camouflage in order to present to surveillance equipment a thermal-picture closely simulating that of the surrounding terrain.

Abstract: A camouflage and deceptive perception distorted vehicle such as an aircraft or surface vessel or the like for combat use at least a substantial portion of which will remain undetected until the vehicle subtends an arc of substantially five minutes when used against at least one predetermined light background reflectivity in which one of the surfaces of the vehicle includes a substantial area with a predetermined reflectance matching the predetermined light background reflectance. The area includes at least three defined portions at least two of which have different reflectances so that when the reflectance of one defined portion is added to the total reflectances of the others of the three defined portions, and the result averaged, they will have a reflectance substantially that of the predetermined light background.

Abstract: Camouflage material incorporates means for specifying and providing predetermined degree of reflection of incident radar waves which is optimum for particular use environments. The overall pattern is the resultant of control of reflection of longer radar wavelengths by a layer of electrically conductive fibrils of controlled density and reflection of shorter radar wavelengths by thin mosaic layer of metal.

Abstract: A fiber compound material of individual layers of superposed fiber plies such as glass fiber prepregs which are joined together by a matrix of a resin and a hardener and act as a load carrying structure to absorb electromagnetic waves. Radar beam-absorbing fillers, for instance iron powder or soot, are included, in concentrations varying from the outside to the inside, in the individual plies of the fiber compound material.

Abstract: More effective camouflage patterns are generated by use of certain known tographic and photooptical contrasting procedures to obtain more desirable positive high contrast images representative of the natural background areas in which military equipment is intended to operate. Generating and using such camouflage patterns constitute a unique and novel use of such images which have predetermined color tones or values assigned to varying degrees of light, intermediate and dark contrast areas. The patterns may be applied onto the equipment in any of several conventionally known manners, thereby enabling otherwise artistically unskilled field soldiers to more effectively camouflage their equipment.

Abstract: In a method of rendering subject matter which is printed on one surface of a computer paper sheet unintelligible, an alpha-numeric interference pattern is printed over substantially the entire printing area of the surface of the sheet carrying the printed subject matter, the density of the interference pattern being sufficient to render the printed subject matter unintelligible. One particular use of the method is in the overprinting of computer print-out paper having printed information on one surface, so that the paper may be reused by printing on its opposite surface without permitting access to the information on the first-printed surface. A machine is disclosed for this application of the method.

Abstract: A woven or non-woven fabric is coated on both sides with a plastic material, followed by a vapor-deposited metal coating having a specific surface resistivity of 0.5 to 1.5 ohms per square, and then with a paint layer having a pattern of small areas of green and large areas of white to imitate a winter landscape and comprising a binder which is transparent in the spectral regions of atmospheric windows II (3-5 .mu.m) and III (8-15 .mu.m).

Abstract: The thermal emission characteristics of sheet form camouflage material is predetermined to match closely the known thermal emission characteristics of the natural environment in which the particular camouflage material is intended to be used. This control is accomplished by the combination of a reflecting thin metallic layer covered on at least the exposed side by a layer of plastic material comprising at least two different plastic materials each having different emissivity properties. The reflecting layer both minimizes the heating of the camouflage material from sources covered by the material and reflects incident heat from meteorological sources such as solar warming and the plastic layer controls and determines the radiation of heat from all parts of the exposed surface of the camouflage to present to surveillance equipment a thermal-picture closely simulating that of the surrounding terrain.

Abstract: Camouflage material incorporates means for specifying and providing predetermined degree of reflection of incident radar waves which is optimum for particular use environments. The overall pattern is the resultant of control of reflection of longer radar wavelengths by a layer of electrically conductive fibrils of controlled density and reflection of shorter radar wavelengths by thin mosaic layer of metal.

Abstract: Protective device for preventing the theft of radios, tape decks and other appliances from unattended vehicles by concealing the presence of the appliance from view by a thief looking through a window of the vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermal camouflage material comprising a supporting layer (4), e.g. a woven material, on which a polyethylene film layer (1), metallized on one side, has been laminated with the aid of fusion adhesive (3). The exposed surface of the plastic film is embossed to make it matte. Polyethylene is highly transparent to infrared radiation and has low emissivity, self radiation. By means of the metal layer (2) there is also obtained radiation insulation so that the outer layer (1) is in a thermal equilibrium which is hardly affected, e.g. by a warm object which is covered with the material, and the outer layer has a low emission ability of about 0.4-0.95, depending on thickness and pigmentation. By applying further patchy layers (5) patchy images will be obtained in image-forming by infrared sensitive instruments in the wavelength ranges 3-5 .mu.m and 8-14 .mu.m. The camouflage material may also include a layer of plastic foam insulating material arranged inwardly of the supporting layer.

Abstract: A smoke detector is provided with a masking shield which obscures the smoke detector housing from normal view. Particularly in the case of installation of smoke detectors in children's bedrooms, the invention prevents the detector from appearing as a representation of the threat of fire.

Abstract: A camouflage material, preferably in the form of a camouflage mat, for use as protection against radar observation, comprises a support layer (1) with filament or threadlike pieces, which affect radar waves, for example carbon or metal thread. With a view to optimal protection against radar observation, these substances are applied to the support layer (1) with arbitrarily mutual directions and positions and with random spatial orientations and distribution.

Abstract: An artificial leaf for camouflaging a hunter's clothing and equipment by providing a three dimensional effect to destroy his silhouette and making him less visible and suspicious to game. A piece of polyester fabric material is formed into the shape of a leaf and a stem of monofilament nylon is attached to the simulated leaf by seamtape. A plurality of the artificial leaves are permanently attached to a strip of separable fastening material. Another strip of separable fastening material is permanently attached to the hunter's clothing or equipment for removably attaching the other strip of fastening material thereto. The leaf stems have memory and are bent so that the leaves extend outwardly from the hunter or equipment to provide the three dimensional camouflage effect thereto.

Abstract: A camouflage material with wide-band effect ranging from the visible portion of the spetrum, the IR region of the spectrum from 1 to 20 micrometers, as well as the radar region from 3 GHz to 3,000 GHz, consisting of at least a base layer with a vapor deposited metallic reflecting layer having a surface resistivity of 0.1 to 10 ohms per square and a camouflage paint layer applied thereon, the pigments of which have reflectivity that is similar, in the visible and near infrared portions of the spectrum, to that of the natural background, for example, to chlorophyll. In order to insure that such a camouflage material provides secure protection against detection by thermal imaging apparatus, even in the far IR region of the spectrum, without reducing the protective effect in the visible and near IR region of the terrestrial thermal radiation as well as in the radar region, the camouflage paint contains a binder that has good transparency in the spectral regions of the atmospheric windows II (3-5 .mu.

Abstract: A method for repelling predatory animals by the use of aposematic patterns and colorations is disclosed. A man (10) if isolated, alone, or injured in marine or ocean waters (24) is substantially at the mercy of numerous predatory organisms that live and thrive in the marine environment (24) such as for example a shark (26). There are however organisms or animals such as deadly Pelamis platurus sea snakes (28) which possess oposematic colorations such as bright yellow backgrounds (30) with black irregular spots (32). It has been found that sharks (26) typically have an innate avoidance response to these sea snakes. According to the method of this invention, therefore, the man or diver (10) protects himself from the predatory animal (26) by wearing a wetsuit (12) which mimics the sea snake (28) or some other aposematically colored organism. Thus, according to one embodiment the wetsuit (12) will be made of a bright yellow color background (34) having a multiplicity of black irregular spots (36), (38), and (40).

Abstract: The invention relates to an apertured camouflage material where the apertures are made as arcuate slits so that tongues are formed (FIGS. 4A, 4B). The material is a laminate of a supporting layer to which is applied a plastics layer which is initially under internal tensional stress, the tongues curling outwards when the internal stresses are activated by the slitting and heat (see FIG. 4B) thus forming a three-dimensional camouflage sheet. The pre-stressed material is blown low density polyethylene film.

Abstract: An aquatic weed barrier is disclosed which comprises a film having a plurality of incisions therein. Each incision is shaped to form at least one flap adjacent the incision. The film has a light transmittance of less than 50% in the 200 to 650 nm wavelength range.

Abstract: A generally flexible, quilt-like, broad band multispectral camouflage blat which embodies a matrix of commercially available laminated wide band, energy absorbing material which is precut into polygonal shaped panels to thereby effectively collectively absorb and suppress radar, heat and sound energy. The panels are either removably disposed or otherwise suitably bonded within complementary sized pockets in the blanket fabric and are oriented in a flexible grid-like arrangement. The blanket fabric, such as a KEVLAR nylon or the like, which by its very nature is impervious to water and many other contaminents, is further characterized by a low reflectivity at microwave radar frequencies, and may be visually camouflaged for different tactical environments.

Abstract: A protective covering device for .[.rifles.]. .Iadd.long barreled firearms .Iaddend.includes an integral fiber cloth sheet elastic nature shaped to fit the wooden portion of a rifle; each opposite longitudinal edge of the fiber sheet being applied with adhesive agent and sewn together to constitute a covering body with a single waterproof seam formed thereat; a fastening device longitudinally provided in an opening located in the middle of one side of the covering body; and a butt piece of soft material closely connected with the lower end of the covering body, so that the structure of the protective covering device provides effective protection for the wooden portions of .[.a rifle.]. .Iadd.said firearm.Iaddend..