Abstract: Thin-profile battery circuits and constructions, and in particular button-type battery circuits and constructions and methods of forming the same are described. In one implementation, a substrate is provided having an outer surface with a pair of spaced electrical contact pads thereon. At least two thin-profile batteries are conductively bonded together in a stack having a lowermost battery and an uppermost battery. The batteries include respective positive and negative terminals. The lowermost battery has one of its positive or negative terminals adhesively bonded to one of the pair of electrical contact pads while the uppermost battery has one of its positive or negative terminals electrically connected to the other of the pair of electrical contact pads. The batteries can be provided into parallel or series electrical connections.

Abstract: A curable adhesive composition is provided which comprises an epoxy terminated silane. A thin profile battery and a substrate to which the thin profile battery is to be conductively connected are also provided. The curable adhesive composition is interposed between the thin profile battery and the substrate. It is cured into an electrically conductive bond electrically interconnecting the battery and the substrate. In another aspect, the invention includes a method of conductively interconnecting electronic components using a curable adhesive composition which comprises an epoxy terminated silane. The invention in another aspect includes interposing a curable epoxy composition between first and second electrically conductive components to be electrically interconnected. At least one of the components comprises a metal surface with which the curable epoxy is to electrically connect. The epoxy is cured into an electrically conductive bond electrically interconnecting the first and second components.

Abstract: A method of forming a button-type battery includes: a) positioning first and second terminal housing members in facing juxtaposition to one another, and providing an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte intermediate the first and second terminal housing member central portions; b) providing a peripheral insulative sealing gasket intermediate the first and second terminal housing members, the insulative sealing gasket being in the shape of an annulus and having a radial extent which extends radially outward beyond the surrounding peripheral portions of the first and second terminal housing members; c) moving at least one of the juxtaposed first and second terminal housing members in the direction of the other to push the first terminal housing member container wall against the first gasket face and to simultaneously force the second terminal housing member peripheral portion against the second gasket face, and continuing such moving to bend the insulative gasket about the container wall and force it to be recei

Abstract: A cylindrical cell is disclosed which is so constructed that an insulating ring is seated on the outside of the sealed part of the opening part of a cell case, the terminal face of a negative electrode plate is depressed below the outer face of a facing label covering the insulating ring, and a gas discharge hole formed in the negative electrode plate is concealed with the insulating ring. This construction prevents the cell from allowing flow of a current to an adjacent cell and consequently from being charged by the adjacent cell. Since the cell uses a thermally shrinkable insulating facing member, it enjoys improved reliability of the outer covering.

Abstract: A new snap connection battery system that makes it easier to install batteries in the correct direction within electronic components. The inventive device includes a battery having a battery body with first and second opposite ends, a positive terminal located at the first end and a negative terminal located at the second end. The positive terminal comprises a male member projecting from the first end with either an annular rib or a plurality of spaced dimples formed on an exterior surface of the male member. The negative terminal comprises a female recess extending into the battery body from the second end with either an annular groove or a plurality of spaced indentations formed in the side wall which defines the recess. The battery is connected with adjacent batteries which are similarly shaped by inserting the male member into the female recess of an adjacent battery, and inserting a male member of an additional adjacent battery into the female recess of the first battery.

Abstract: Thin-profile battery electrode connection members, button-type battery electrode connection members, thin-profile battery constructions, button-type battery constructions, and methods of establishing electrical connections with and between both thin-profile batteries and button-type batteries are described. In one implementation, an electrode connection member comprises an inner conductive surface, and outer peripheral conductive surface, and an intermediate conductive surface joined with and extending between the inner and outer surfaces. The connection member defines an internal volume which is sized to receive at least one thin-profile battery. In one aspect, the intermediate conductive surface tapers between the inner and outer surfaces. The taper enables more than one thin-profile battery to be mounted within the internal volume without the need for edge insulation material over one of the batteries to prevent grounding.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a thin profile battery apparatus comprises at least two thin profile batteries conductively bonded to one another, with one of the batteries including portion which overhangs the other. In one implementation, the batteries comprise button type batteries. In one implementation, the two thin profile batteries are the same size and shape. In accordance with another aspect, a radio frequency communication device comprises a substrate having conductive paths including an antenna. At least one integrated circuit chip is mounted to the substrate and in electrical connection with a first portion of the substrate conductive paths. At least two thin profile batteries conductively bonded in series with and over one another and a second portion of the substrate conductive paths are included. One of the batteries has a portion which overhangs the other and is in electrical connection with a third portion of the substrate conductive paths.

Abstract: A battery terminal case includes an outer case into which a battery is inserted such that an anode and a portion of a cathode can of a battery can be enclosed; a cathode terminal extension member inserted into and nested inside the outer case and contacting the portion of the cathode can; and an anode terminal extension member inserted into the inside of the cathode terminal extension member and contacting the anode of the battery. Accordingly, by using the anode and cathode terminal extension members respectively contacting the anode and the cathode of the battery, damage to the battery itself can be prevented since welding is not necessary during the manufacturing of a battery pack, and contact defects between the battery and the terminal in the conventional terminal case, occurring as the elastic force of the terminal weakens, can be prevented.

Abstract: A battery cell stick (100) is formed by vertically-stacking bare rechargeable cylindrical battery cells (110, 120) and then wrapping the cells in a common label (130) having an adhesive backing (132). Subsequently, multiple cell sticks (100, 150) are combined in a single plastic housing (160). The assembly is wrapped with an additional adhesive-backed label (180). Positively- and negatively-polarized terminal ends (112, 152) are exposed through openings (172, 174) in the housing.

Abstract: Plastic hydrophobic material is bonded to a metallic sheet member such that the resulting sandwich structure is impervious to electrochemical delamination. First and second films of the plastic hydrophobic material are applied to opposed surfaces of the metallic sheet member and extend beyond a peripheral edge of the metallic sheet member to form contiguous border portions. A plurality of perforations are formed through the metallic sheet member at locations spaced from its peripheral edge. A resulting sandwich structure of the metallic sheet member and the first and second films are compressed and simultaneously the temperature is raised to the sintering temperature of the hydrophobic film material. The first and second films are caused to melt sufficiently at their interfaces to cause an intermixing of the juxtaposed material thereof throughout the region of the border portions and throughout the regions of the perforations.

Abstract: A power supply unit of the present invention comprises a group of batteries including plural rows of cells arranged in parallel, each row of cells including plural cylindrical cells connected in series. The power supply unit further comprises refrigerant passages comprising main refrigerant passages exposed to the cells arranged in each row of cells and auxiliary refrigerant passages, the upstream sides of the auxiliary refrigerant passages being isolated from the rows of cells, and the downstream sides thereof being connected to the main refrigerant passages at positions corresponding to the midstream or downstream sides of the rows of cells.

Abstract: A battery module including multiple battery packs having electrode terminals and bypass terminals. The battery packs are compactly arranged end to end within the module with a first end of a forward battery pack proximate a second end of a rearward battery pack. Positive and negative electrode terminals at the first end of a battery pack are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a battery contained within an outer casing. Auxiliary terminals at the first end are each connected to a corresponding auxiliary terminal at the second end by an individual conductive element, such as a thin ribbon conductor running along the casing just inside its outer layer.

Abstract: A lead-acid cell includes a case, positive and negative plates within the case, microporous separator material between adjacent plates and electrolyte in a starved amount, with the case having jar and covers joined by a weldment along overlapping cover and jars. The positive plates include a grid frame with an intermediate member extending between spaced apart generally peripheral portions of the frame, with pasted active material on the grid frame separated substantially into two portions by the intermediate member. Compressive force is adjustably continuously applied to the positive and negative plates within the case. The plates are suspended within the case at positions removed from the wall of the case, while plate growth is permitted in a manner that plate shorting is avoided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a multicell battery by connecting a plurality of cells in series, with the purposes of improving the charge/discharge characteristics and enhancing the productivity of the manufacturing process. A convex electrode terminal formed in the upper part of one cell is welded to one end of a lead tab, and another cell is disposed above the cell connected to the lead tab so that the center lines of the two cells are parallel. A flat electrode terminal formed in the lower part of the other cell and another end of the lead tab are welded indirectly.

Abstract: A metal current collecting substrate for an air cathode in an electrochemical metal air cell is provided for, wherein the substrate is hardened by one of the steps of sandblasting, shotblasting, plastic deformation of the substrate below the recrystallization temperature range of the metal thereof, and heating the substrate to above the transformation temperature of the metal thereof followed by quenching the substrate below the transformation temperature of the metal thereof. Catalytically active materials, most preferably a mixture of carbon and manganese dioxide, are pressed or otherwise disposed upon the hardened substrate. The substrate is capable of being connected to electrical circuitry. Most preferably, the substrate is a metal screen that has been hardened, roughened and pitted by sandblasting before the catalytically active materials are disposed thereupon, and before the substrate is incorporated into an electrochemical metal air cell.

Abstract: There is provided a layer-built chemical cell device, comprising a positive electrode including a current collecting material and an active substance, a negative electrode including another current collecting material and another active substance, an electrolyte and a separator both interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In such a layer-built cell device, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are in a belt-like shape, and are folded upon each other in a manner such that one electrode is always faced on both sides thereof with the other electrode, so as to form an electrode pair.

Abstract: Rechargeable lithium batteries which employ characteristics of thin-film batteries can be used to satisfy power requirements within a relatively broad range. Thin-film battery cells utilizing a film of anode material, a film of cathode material and an electrolyte of an amorphous lithium phosphorus oxynitride can be connected in series or parallel relationship for the purpose of withdrawing electrical power simultaneously from the cells. In addition, such battery cells which employ a lithium intercalation compound as its cathode material can be connected in a manner suitable for supplying power for the operation of an electric vehicle. Still further, by incorporating within the battery cell a relatively thick cathode of a lithium intercalation compound, a relatively thick anode of lithium and an electrolyte film of lithium phosphorus oxynitride, the battery cell is rendered capable of supplying power for any of a number of consumer products, such as a laptop computer or a cellular telephone.

Abstract: There is described an lithium--alloy/molten salt/metal sulfide electrochemical cell which eliminates the use of perforated baskets to restrain active materials and uses simple mechanical seal made from ceramic material. It also uses high melting point salt as the electrical insulator between the electrodes and the cell can. In the cell, the positive current collector is made from flexible graphite and a corrosion resistant metal. The cell is assembled in a low carbon steel case with side closure.

Abstract: A metal current collecting substrate for an air cathode in an electrochemical metal air cell is provided for, wherein the substrate is hardened by one of the steps of sandblasting, shotblasting, plastic deformation of the substrate below the recrystallization temperature range of the metal thereof, and heating the substrate to above the transformation temperature of the metal thereof followed by quenching the substrate below the transformation temperature of the metal thereof. Catalytically active materials, most preferably a mixture of carbon and manganese dioxide, are pressed or otherwise disposed upon the hardened substrate. The substrate is capable of being connected to electrical circuitry. Most preferably, the substrate is a metal screen that has been hardened, roughened and pitted by sandblasting before the catalytically active materials are disposed thereupon, and before the substrate is incorporated into an electrochemical metal air cell.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to electrode structures that are adaptable for primary and electrically rechargeable electrochemical wafer cells. A flat wafer cell is disclosed that includes conductive, carbon-filled polymeric outer layers that serve as electrode contacts and as a means of containment of the cell. Multi-cell, higher voltage batteries may be constructed by stacking individual cells. Specially formulated electrodes and processing techniques that are compatible with the wafer cell construction are disclosed for a nickel-metal hydride battery system. The cell design and electrode formulations provide for individual operation of a vented or low pressure sealed cell and/or for operation of these cells in a stacked array in an outer battery housing.

Abstract: A lithium halide button cell formed of simplified sub-assemblies including one such subassembly in which molten cathode material is poured into a retaining ring and allowed to solidify therein before incorporation into the cell.

Abstract: A lithium halide button cell formed of simplified sub-assemblies including one such subassembly in which molten cathode material is poured into a retaining ring and allowed to solidify therein before incorporation into the cell.

Abstract: Frames for batteries which are constructed of planar battery cells prevent the planar battery cells from shifting while the batteries are vacuum sealed. These frames do not add to the thickness of the batteries but have the advantage of increasing the rigidity of the battery, reducing the shifting of the battery cells during assembly, and preventing vulnerable edges which result in non-uniformities and low energy density. The interlocking frame design allows cells to be stacked onto a battery with relatively tight alignment, high volumetric efficiency and improved safety.

Abstract: A battery assembly is provided with two terminals at one end of a stack of cells. One of the terminals is centrally located upon the end of the stack and is electrically connected to the stack at the same end. The other terminal is spaced apart from the central terminal and is electrically connected to the other end of the stack by an elongated conductor. An insulating sheath holds the stack of cells together.

Abstract: A battery of high temperature cells in a battery casing includes a plurality of rigid metal elements secured to a rigid board of electrical insulating material. The metal elements provide mutually insulated conducting pathways. One end of each of the metal elements connects to either a cell or a bank of cells and an opposite end converges to a location on the board. The board may include one or more of these locations to allow for multiple electrical connections to be made through the casing. In addition, the number of the locations on the board may be less than the number of metal elements.

Abstract: Battery packaging construction for multiple cell alkali metal batteries wherein a plurality of flat or cubic battery cells, which have leads extending therefrom, are individually packaged by using layers of heat sealed or adhesively sealed plastic tape. The cells after assembly are stacked and the leads are electrically connected in series or parallel to terminals, and are secured by a band of tape, or glued together, and then enclosed in a plastic coated metal foil bag, heat sealed and adhesive sealed for moisture-proofing. The bag is placed in a hard box which is then closed to form the completed battery with the terminals extending therefrom. The hard box may optionally be provided with a liner of vibration and impact shock absorbing material.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to electrode structures that are adaptable for primary and electrically rechargeable electrochemical wafer cells. A flat wafer cell is disclosed that includes conductive, carbon-filled polymeric outer layers that serve as electrode contacts and as a means of containment of the cell. Multi-cell, higher voltage batteries may be constructed by stacking individual cells. Specially formulated electrodes and processing techniques that are compatible with the wafer cell construction are disclosed for a nickel-metal hydride battery system. The cell design and electrode formulations provide for individual operation of a vented or low pressure sealed cell and/or for operation of these cells in a stacked array in an outer battery housing.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery module is disclosed that is particularly well adapted for use in multi-module battery packs. The module includes top and bottom cover plates. At least a portion of each cover plate is formed from electrically conductive materials so that when the battery module is integrated into a stack, the contacts between adjacent battery units are formed by the cover plates. A positive plate that has a positive surface is placed in electrical contact with a first cover plate. A negative plate having a negative surface is also provided. The negative plate is arranged in electrical contact with the second cover plate. The battery includes a plurality of active paste layers. Each active paste layer is applied to an associated surface. One or more separators are provided to isolate the paste layers. The first and second cover plates are electrically isolated by at least the paste layers and the separator means. The cover plates may be ribbed to provide structural support.

Abstract: A modular cell for a multi-cell metal-air battery system, comprises a relatively flat cell housing having two major surfaces and accommodating a pair of oppositely disposed, spaced-apart, air-permeable, liquid-impermeable cathodes in the form of air electrodes defining between themselves a space open towards the upper edges of the cell housing and closed at the lateral edges and the bottom of the cell housing, the space being configured to accommodate an anode of said battery, substantial portions of the major surfaces of the housing being removed, thus exposing major portions of the air electrodes.

Abstract: Thermal management of flat pack rechargeable batteries is accomplished by providing extensions on individual cell housing components, which extensions are connected to provide open air channels between individual cells. In an alternate embodiment of the invention, cells within the stack are filled with a thermally conductive liquid, such as a silica gel, to assist in heat dissipation from adjacent cells.

Abstract: This invention relates to a battery pack composed of a plurality of flat type gas depolarizable galvanic cells such as the zinc-air battery system and its packaging method for such battery pack. More specifically, projections of a certain value of height are formed on at least one of the outer surfaces of the positive and negative terminals of the flat type gas depolarizable galvanic cells and a hydrophobic membrane of a certain value of Gurley number is employed in each cell in the battery pack.

Abstract: Batteries of this invention prevent the flow of electrical current between a reversed cell and an adjacent cell aligned in an end-to-end configuration. Terminals useful with batteries of this invention are characterized by an electrically nonconductive portion cooperatively positioned above an electrically conductive portion. In one embodiment, the terminal's electrically nonconductive portion is masked with an electrically nonconductive resin.

Abstract: A shock absorbing battery pack (5) comprises a battery housing (15) having a plurality of cells within the housing. The cells each have a negative cell terminal (24) coupled to a can (20) and a positive cell terminal (22). Between the cell terminal resides a spring means (12) for providing shock absorption.

Abstract: A battery structure using cylindrically shaped zinc/air cells electrically connected in series, the cells being assembled so that a first number thereof are stacked in a first orientation in an in-line stack and a second number thereof are positioned adjacent the in-line stack in a second orientation perpendicular to the first orientation. The cells at the end of its series are connected to the anode and cathode terminals of a terminal board. The cell-terminal board assembly is inserted in a housing having nesting cavities into which portions of the cells are securely nested and a cover, affixed to the housing to form a battery container, has corresponding nesting cavities into which oppositely disposed portions of the cells are securely nested. Openings having blocking means associated therewith are provided at each end of the container to permit air to enter for interaction with the zinc in the cells but to prevent other objects from entering and making contact with the cells.

Abstract: A resilient disc to be located between batteries which are mounted within a battery operated device. If the batteries incur an unusual shock, such as when the device is dropped or thrown, this resilient disc functions to absorb enough of the shock to protect the battery terminal post from being damaged and hence make the batteries inoperative.

Abstract: A batting box formed of a mixture of hard rubber crumb and a liquid resin binder.

Abstract: A self-contained electrical energy source, particularly embodied as a linear array of interconnected battery cells, includes a housing having the cells linearly disposed therein. At the two ends of the housing, mechanical connectors are provided for coupling with the apparatus to be energized by the energy source and for coupling with additional energy sources in a selectable electrical series and/or electrical parallel configurations. The electrical potential provided by the batteries within the housing is connected to both connectors through separate conductive paths which include folded conductors that permit the conductors to be deformed in response to forces that might act upon the conductors.

Abstract: A button type metal/air cell with a height increasing cap thereon to provide for multiple-cell batteries of varying heights. The cap is placed adjacent the cathode inlet of the cell and is accordingly apertured and preferably also contains a porous absorbent material for leakage prevention but which does not significantly affect air inflow rate. Cells, with protective height adjusting caps, are assembled into multi-cell batteries of varying heights with reduced incidence of leakage.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell or battery housing modules are joined together to form an integral vibration-resistant multi-unit battery through adherence together of corresponding ribs formed on the outer walls of the modules.

Abstract: An electric storage battery specifically designed for standby operation is described. The battery is provided with terminal surfaces extending at an acute angle to the top of the battery lid which permits a flat support surface and handle means designed into the lid. Such battery structure permits a plurality of batteries to be stacked and allows air circulation to cool the stack.

Abstract: An electric battery pack is manufactured by a process whereby an outer insulating casing has contact strips partly inserted through apertures in opposed sides thereof adjacent a closed bottom thereof. A series arrangement of connected batteries is inserted into the casing until the positive and negative poles of the series arrangement engage against the contact strips. A cover having integral inward projections is pressed towards and against the casing to close an open end thereof, the inward projections being stressed and deforming against end batteries to secure all the batteries immovably in position, and the cover being welded to the casing. The inner ends of the contact strips are then welded or soldered to the poles of the series arrangement from outside the casing through access orifices in the closed bottom of the casing.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a battery assembly which comprises several gas depolarizable electrochemical cells, e.g., metal/air cells, stacked electrically in series along a first dimension. Each cell has first and second electrodes of opposite polarities. The battery assembly also comprises a housing for containing the stack of cells. The housing includes a structure for ventilating the interior of the housing and further includes first and second opposite end walls which lie perpendicular to the first dimension. The stack of cells is arranged within the housing with the first electrode of the initial cell of the stack facing the first wall and the second electrode of the final cell of the stack facing the second wall. The battery assembly further includes first and second electrically conductive connectors disposed within the housing. The first connector has a first end electrically coupled to the first electrode of the initial cell and a second end disposed adjacent the first wall.

Abstract: A battery cell and battery are disclosed in which a cathode layer and an de layer are separated by a nonconducting ion permeable membrane and are sandwiched between a pair of conducting polymer layers. The conducting polymer layers and the ion permeable membrane from two distinct compartments in which the cathode and anode of the cell, respectively are positioned. A liquid electrolyte is sealed in each compartment. The ion permeable membrane allows passage through it of selected ions.

Abstract: A rechargeable plug-in battery compatible with printed circuits and the like. At least one rechargeable storage cell is mounted inside a battery case having at least two terminal pins which extend through the battery case for insertion to a mating socket. Inside the casing, the pins are welded directly to the battery terminals, and recesses formed in the base and cover portions of the battery case at the interior receive the storage cell, or cells, so as to restrain them against movement.

Abstract: A battery case which expands to accommodate expansion of individual cells therein while maintaining structural integrity. The case comprises an open ended cell holder with a sleeve thereon covering the open end of said cell holder. The cell holder and the sleeve are adhered to each other by an elastomeric adhesive.

Abstract: There is disclosed a sealed lead acid button cell having a moulded acid resistant polymer case formed in two portions each portion having a central boss with a passage leading into the cell, and a metal plug located in the said passage, the inner end of the plug being electrically connected to the electrode located in that portion of the case, and a cap made of a metal harder than the metal of the said plug surrounding the central boss and squeezing it against the plug and the cap being electrically connected to the plug. The cap may thus be crimped around the boss or may be a force fit thereon. The case is provided with a pressure relief vent to allow gases to vent under service conditions.

Abstract: An electrical battery having unscaled dry cells enclosed in a two-part housing split along a plane that is parallel to the axes of the cells.

Abstract: A battery apparatus is provided which includes a plurality of modules which re mounted end-to-end in a stacked pile configuration. Each module contains a plurality of bipolar electrodes. One end of each module has a flexible bladder for storing an electrolyte. The bladders in a collapsed condition provide spacing between the modules for cooling. Each module has a passageway for communicating electrolyte from the bladder to the bipolar electrodes. A device seals each passageway from the respective bladder in one mode of operation and is actuated by pressure on the bladder to open the passageway in another mode of operation. With this arrangement pressure on the bladders will distribute electrolyte into each module and the bladders will collapse to provide a cooling space between the modules.

Abstract: A spring contact is compressed against and electrically connected to a terminal of a dry cell battery, and the spring-like compressive force between the contact and the terminal is maintained by an adhesive. The spring contact and adhesive may be used with both single cell and multicell batteries. The spring may be situated between two cells of a multicell battery, with the adhesive adhering the two cells together and maintaining the spring-like compressive force between the contact and the terminals of the adjacent two cells. The terminal which is electrically connected with the spring contact may be a thin foil of metal, and the inner surface of the foil may serve as the negative electrode of a cell; the foil may be a metal selected from the group consisting of a zinc, magnesium, lead, aluminum and alloys thereof. The spring contact may have a burr where it electrically connects with the terminal.

Abstract: a battery package includes a plurality of cylindrical cells electrically connected in series and wrapped in a plastic web. The web includes a plurality of adjacent, parallel arches or arcuate sections that conform generally to the cylindrical shape of the cells to constrain the cells in the package in a predetermined relationship. Although the web is somewhat flexible, it provides a generally rigid package when secured around the cells. In one embodiment, a single web engages the cells against a more solid structural piece to define a stable battery structure. In another embodiment the cells are encased in opposed plastic webs, each having a plurality of arches separated by intermediate sections. The opposed webs are then sealed together at the intermediate sections to capture the cells between the arches and to rigidify the overall battery structure. In still another embodiment, two cells, welded together end-to-end, are inserted into a tube of plastic shrink wrap.