Abstract: Electrolytes and electrolyte additives for energy storage devices comprising dihydrofuranone based compounds are disclosed. The energy storage device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a Si-based electrode, a separator between the first electrode and the second electrode, an electrolyte comprising at least two electrolyte co-solvents, wherein at least one electrolyte co-solvent comprises a dihydrofuranone based compound.

Abstract: A method for activating a battery cell. The battery cell includes a positive electrode coated with a nickel cobalt manganese (NCM) positive electrode material, into which lithium nickel oxide (LNO) has been added or mixed. The method includes a step of charging the battery cell; and a step of discharging the battery cell, when, in the step of charging the battery cell, the battery cell is charged under a charging condition of C-rate of 0.1 C to 0.5 C in a state of being heated at a temperature of 45° C. to 60° C. When the activation process is performed according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the pressing/heating conditions for suppressing generation of a gas may be provided to prevent swelling, battery deformation, and performance deterioration due to the generation of the gas from occurring.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte provided between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer over the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material layer includes a plurality of lithium-containing composite oxides each of which is expressed by LiMPO4 (M is one or more of Fe (II), Mn (II), Co (II), and Ni (II)) that is a general formula. The lithium-containing composite oxide is a flat single crystal particle in which the length in the b-axis direction is shorter than each of the lengths in the a-axis direction and the c-axis direction. The lithium-containing composite oxide is provided over the positive electrode current collector so that the b-axis of the single crystal particle intersects with the surface of the positive electrode current collector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery, which includes: a positive electrode current collector; and a positive electrode active material layer including an upper layer portion and a lower layer portion, wherein each of the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion of the positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, binder polymer and a conductive material, and the positive electrode active material has an electroconductivity of 0.0001-0.0004 S/cm, and the content of the conductive material contained in the lower layer portion is 10-59 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the content of the conductive material contained in the upper layer portion, or the positive electrode active material has an electroconductivity of 0.008-0.

Abstract: There is demand for a lithium ion capacitor positive electrode that can improve the battery characteristics (and, in particular, the rate characteristics) of a lithium ion capacitor. This lithium ion capacitor positive electrode is characterized by containing, in a positive electrode active material, at least one titanate selected from among Li2TiO3, Li4Ti5O12, Na2TiO3, and K2Ti2O5.

Abstract: A method of electrodepositing a transition metal oxide on to the surface of cathode or anode active materials used in Li-ion batteries, using an aqueous media. The transition metal oxide coating protects the cathode or anode active materials once they are fully delithiated or fully lithiated, respectively. The protective coating may be used also in gas sensors, biological cell sensors, supercapacitors, catalysts for fuel cells and metal air batteries, nano and optoelectronic devices, filtration devices, structural components, and energy storage devices.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is provided. The rechargeable battery includes a positive electrode substrate layer; a positive electrode active material layer disposed adjacent to the positive electrode substrate layer; a negative electrode substrate layer; a negative electrode active material layer disposed adjacent to the negative electrode substrate layer; a separator disposed between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer; and a shape variable layer disposed between the positive electrode substrate and the positive electrode active material layer or between the negative electrode substrate and the negative electrode active material layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing a N(M)C-based positive electrode materials according to the present invention comprises the following steps: —Precipitation of a metal (at least Ni— and Co—, preferably comprising Mn—) bearing precursor (MBP), —Fractionation of the MBP in a first (A) fraction and at least one second (B) fraction, —Lithiation of each of the first and second fraction, wherein the A fraction is converted into a first polycrystalline lithium transition metal oxide-based powder and the B fraction(s) is(are) converted into a second lithium transition metal oxide-based powder and, and —Mixing the first and second monolithic lithium transition metal oxide-based powder to obtain the N(M)C-based positive electrode material.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a positive active material is provided. The method includes forming a positive active material precursor including nickel, mixing and firing the positive active material precursor and lithium salt to form a preliminary positive active material particle, forming a coating material including fluorine on the preliminary positive active material particle by dry-mixing the preliminary positive active material particle with a coating source including fluorine, and manufacturing a positive active material particle by thermally treating the preliminary positive active material particle on which the coating material is formed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a positive electrode material including a spinel-structured lithium manganese-based first positive electrode active material and a lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt-based second positive electrode active material, wherein the first positive electrode active material includes a lithium manganese oxide represented by Formula 1 and a coating layer which is disposed on a surface of the lithium manganese oxide, the second positive electrode active material is represented by Formula 2, and an average particle diameter of the second positive electrode active material is greater than an average particle diameter of the first positive electrode active material, and a positive electrode and a lithium secondary battery which include the positive electrode material: Li1+aMn2?bM1bO4?cAc??[Formula 1] Li1+x[NiyCozMnwM2v]O2?pBp??[Formula 2]

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a sodium secondary battery includes a sodium composite transition metal oxide represented by Formula 1 and having a P3 crystal structure, and a positive electrode and a sodium secondary battery which include the positive electrode active material. Nax[LiaM1-a]O2??[Formula 1] wherein M is at least one transition metal, 0.64?x?0.7, and 0.01?a?0.1.

Abstract: An energy storage device is provided that has improved power performance at low temperature. In the present embodiment, an energy storage device is provided that includes an electrode having an active material layer, the active material layer contains at least active material particles, the particles contained in the active material layer gives a volume-based particle size frequency distribution that has a first peak and a second peak appearing in a particle size larger than a particle size of the first peak, and particles having particle sizes equal to or smaller than a particle size Dx have a volume proportion of 49% or more and 62% or less in a volume of whole particles contained in the active material layer, with the particle size Dx defined as a particle size at a local minimum frequency between the first peak and the second peak in the particle size frequency distribution.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries that suppresses the gelling of a positive electrode mixture material paste and has high weather resistance, a production method thereof, and the like. A method for producing a positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries includes cleaning a powder formed of a lithium-nickel composite oxide represented by a general formula LizNi1-x-yCoxMyO2 where 0?x?0.35; 0?y?0.10; 0.95?z?1.10; and M is at least one element selected from Mn, V, Mg, Mo, Nb, Ti, and Al with an aqueous lithium carbonate solution and drying the cleaned powder.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium ion battery including: a positive electrode including coated particles, wherein each particle includes a core and a coating disposed thereon, wherein the core consists of Li, M, and O, and the coating includes Li, M, O, and AI2O3; wherein: M is (Niz(Ni1/2Mn1/2)yCox)1?kAk; 0.15?z?0.50; 0.17?x?0.30; 0.35?y?0.75; 0<k<0.1; x+y+z=1; and A includes Al and optionally at least one additional metal dopant selected from Mg, Zr, W, Ti, Cr, V, Nb, B, and Ca, and combinations thereof; and wherein the Li and M are present in the core in a molar ratio of Li to M of at least 0.95 and no greater than 1.

Abstract: A positive electrode is provided with: a positive electrode current collector constituted of aluminum as the main component; a positive electrode mixture layer formed on the positive electrode current collector aid containing a lithium-containing transition metal oxide; and a protective layer interposed between the positive electrode current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer. The protective layer contains inorganic particles, a conductive agent, and a binder material. In the positive electrode, the peel strength between the positive electrode current collector and the protective layer is higher than the peel strength between the protective layer and the positive electrode mixture layer.

Abstract: An electricity storage device includes a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode containing a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte that includes an organic crystal layer including a layered structure and an organic solvent introduced into the organic crystal layer and that is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to conduct alkali metal ions. The layered structure includes an organic backbone layer containing an aromatic dicarboxylic acid anion having an aromatic ring structure, and an alkali metal element layer containing an alkali metal element that is coordinated with oxygen contained in a carboxylic acid of the organic backbone layer to form a framework. At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode adsorbs and desorbs the ions to store and release electric charge.

Abstract: An electrochemically active material includes a silicon alloy material having the formula: SiwM1xCyOz, where w, x, y, and z represent atomic % values and w+x+y+z=1; M1 comprises a transition metal; w>0; x>0; y?0; and z?0. The electrochemically active material also includes a metal-based material having the formula: M2aObAc, where a, b, and c represent atomic % values and a+b+c=1; M2 comprises a metal; A is an anion; a>0; b?0; and c?0.

Abstract: Disclose are a cathode of an all-solid lithium battery, and a secondary battery system using the same. The cathode includes a lithium composite, and a method of manufacturing the lithium composite comprises: dispersing a solid electrolyte to be uniformly distributed in the pores of a mesoporous conductor to provide a solid electrolyte composite, and coating the solid electrolyte composite on the surface of a lithium compound including nonmetallic solids such as S, Se, and Te.

Abstract: A method for controlling a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes connecting two non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries in series and setting the discharge cutoff voltage to 3.4 V to 4.6 V.

Abstract: To provide a cathode active material with which it is possible to obtain a lithium ion secondary battery having a high discharge capacity and being excellent in the cycle characteristic, and its production process. A cathode active material, comprising particles of a lithium-containing composite oxide, the lithium-containing composite oxide being represented by Li?NiaCobMncTidMeO2+? wherein ? is from 1 to 1.8, a is from 0.15 to 0.5, b is from 0 to 0.09, c is from 0.33 to 0.8, d is from 0.01 to 0.1, e is from 0 to 0.1, ? is from 0 to 0.8, a+b+c+d+e=1, and M is Mg, Al, Ca or the like, wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern, the ratio (H020/H003) of the height of a peak of (020) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group C2/m to the height of a peak of (003) plane assigned to a crystal structure with space group R-3m is at least 0.02, and D90/D10 is at most 4.

Abstract: An electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, which is provided with a collector and a positive electrode active material layer that is arranged on the collector and contains a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material is configured to contain compound particles which have a layered structure composed of two or more transition metals, and which have an average particle diameter DSEM of from 1 ?m to 7 ?m (inclusive), a ratio of the 50% particle diameter D50 in a volume-based cumulative particle size distribution to the average particle diameter DSEM, namely D50/DSEM of from 1 to 4 (inclusive), and a ratio of the 90% particle diameter D90 in the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution to the 10% particle diameter D10 in the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution, namely D90/D10 of 4 or less. The positive electrode active material layer has a void fraction of 10-45%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery and the positive electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery prepared thereby, and more specifically, to a method of preparing a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, the method comprising doping or coating the positive electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery with a predetermined metal oxide, and the positive electrode active material for the lithium secondary battery which is prepared thereby and has a reduced amount of residual lithium.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of preparing energy storage device electrode active materials and electrodes are described. A two-step synthesis process may be utilized to prepare single crystal electrode active materials and electrodes, such as a single crystal nickel-cobalt-aluminum material. In some embodiments, the two step synthesis process includes a first and a second lithiation step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a lithium ion battery including a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator, and an electrolyte. The positive electrode plate includes a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode film disposed on a surface of the positive electrode current collector and containing a positive electrode active material. The positive electrode active material includes a matrix, a first coating layer on the matrix in form of discrete islands, and a second coating layer on the first coating layer and the matrix as a continuous layer. The electrolyte includes an additive A and an additive B. The additive A is selected from a group consisting of cyclic sulfate compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2, and combinations thereof, and the additive B is one or two selected from lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode active material that can lower sintering temperature, the cathode active mated al including a particle of a lithium containing composite oxide having a layered rock-salt crystalline phase, wherein the layered rock-salt crystalline phase is partially deficient in lithium, a percentage of deficient lithium in the layered rock-salt crystalline phase in a surface portion of the particle is higher than that in the layered rock-salt crystalline phase inside the particle, and the particle includes two phases that are different in lattice constant as the layered rock-salt crystalline phase.

Abstract: A porous silicon composition, a porous alloy composition, or a porous silicon containing cermet composition, as defined herein. A method of making: the porous silicon composition; the porous alloy composition, or the porous silicon containing cermet composition, as defined herein. Also disclosed is an electrode, and an energy storage device incorporating the electrode and at least one of the disclosed compositions, as defined herein.

Abstract: A composite positive active material includes a lithium nickel cobalt aluminum composite oxide. A full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a peak of a (104) plane of the lithium nickel cobalt aluminum composite oxide is 0.15 or less and an FWHM of a peak of a (108) plane of the lithium nickel cobalt aluminum composite oxide is 0.15 or less, the peaks being obtained by X-ray diffraction analysis using a CuK? X-ray. A method of preparing the composite positive active material, and a lithium secondary battery including a positive electrode including the composite positive active material are disclosed.

Abstract: An aqueous electrolyte composition suitable for a lithium ion battery is provided. The aqueous electrolyte composition contains water, an ionic liquid which is a salt of a protonic cation and an anion comprising a fluoroalkylsulfonyl group and a lithium fluoroalkylsulfonyl salt. A lithium ion battery containing the aqueous electrolyte and a vehicle at least partially powered by the battery are also provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a modified positive electrode active material, a preparation method thereof, and an electrochemical energy storage device. The modified positive electrode active material comprises positive electrode active material substrate; first oxide layer, coated on the surface of the positive electrode active material substrate and selected from one or more of oxides of element M being selected from the group of one or more of Li, Al, Zr, Mg, Ti, Y, Si, Ca, Cr, Fe, Zn, Nb, Sn, Ba, and Cd; and second oxide layer having a continuous layered structure, coated on the surface of the first oxide layer and selected from one or more of oxides of element M? being selected from one or more of Li, B, P, As, Pb, V, Mo, and Sn. High temperature storage performance and cycling performance of electrochemical energy storage device are improved by the modified positive electrode active material.

Abstract: Provided is an improved method for forming lithium ion cathode materials specifically for use in a battery. The method comprises forming a first solution comprising a digestible feedstock of a first metal suitable for formation of a cathode oxide precursor and a multi-carboxylic acid. The digestible feedstock is digested to form a first metal salt in solution wherein the first metal salt precipitates as a salt of deprotonated multi-carboxylic acid thereby forming an oxide precursor. The oxide precursor is heated to form the lithium ion cathode material.

Abstract: A method for producing a negative electrode for magnesium secondary batteries includes: providing a current collector having an underlying layer including a metal having a higher ionization tendency than magnesium, where the underlying layer is formed on a surface of the current collector; and forming a negative electrode active material layer including a magnesium layer on the current collector by a chemical plating method using the underlying layer as a base material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, the active material including a dopant and having a crystalline structure in which metal oxide layers (MO layers) including metals and oxygen and reversible lithium layers are repeatedly stacked, wherein in a lattice configured by oxygen atoms of the MO layers adjacent to each other, the dopant time of charge, thereby forming a lithium trap and/or lithium dumbbell structure.

Abstract: A composite cathode active material including: a secondary particle including a plurality of primary particles including a lithium transition metal oxide having a layered crystal structure; and a coating layer disposed on a surface of the secondary particle and between the primary particles of the plurality of primary particles, wherein the coating layer includes a lithium cobalt composite oxide having a spinel crystal structure, and wherein the lithium cobalt composite oxide includes cobalt (Co) and a Group 2 element, a Group 12 element, a Group 13 element, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: The present application relates to an anode and an electrochemical apparatus and an electronic apparatus using the anode. Specifically, the present application provides an anode, comprising a substrate, an active material layer and a carbon coating layer between the substrate and the active material layer, wherein an X-ray diffraction pattern of the carbon coating layer comprises a 004 diffraction pattern and a 110 diffraction pattern, a ratio C004/C110 of a c-axial length C004 of a unit crystal cell length obtained from the 004 diffraction pattern to an a-axial length C110 of a unit crystal cell length obtained from the 110 diffraction pattern is an OI value of the carbon coating layer, and the OI value is greater than about 15. The anode of the present application has less wrinkling and bending, so as to reduce the deformation problem of a battery cell.

Abstract: To provide a lithium-containing composite oxide, a cathode active material and a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, with which a lithium ion secondary battery having favorable cycle characteristics even when charged at a high voltage can be obtained; and a lithium ion secondary battery having favorable cycle characteristics even when charged at a high voltage. A lithium-containing composite oxide which is represented by LiaNibCocMndMeO2 wherein M is Mg, Ca, Al, Ti, V, Nb, Mo, W or Zr, a+b+c+d+e=2, “a” is from 1.01 to 1.10, b is from 0.30 to 0.95, c is from 0 to 0.35, d is from 0 to 0.35, and e is from 0 to 0.05, wherein in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by reflection X-ray diffraction employing Cu-K? rays, the ratio (I104/I110) of the integrated intensity (I104) of a peak of (104) plane to the integrated intensity (I110) of a peak of (110) plane is at least 4.20.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium complex oxide and method of manufacturing the same, more particularly, a lithium complex oxide effective in improving the characteristics of capacity, resistance, and lifetime with reduced residual lithium and with different interplanar distances of crystalline structure between a primary particle locating in a internal part of secondary particle and a primary particle locating on the surface part of the secondary particle, and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: A solid-state battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator between the positive and negative electrodes. The negative electrode includes reduced lithium titanate (LTO) particles and solid electrolyte particles. The negative electrode lacks electronically conductive additives.

Abstract: Solid-state lithium ion electrolytes of lithium potassium element oxide based compounds are provided which contain an anionic framework capable of conducting lithium ions. The element atoms are Ir, Sb, I Nb and W. An activation energy of the lithium potassium element oxide compounds is from 0.15 to 0.50 eV and conductivities are from 10?3 to 22 mS/cm at 300K. Compounds of specific formulae are provided and methods to alter the materials with inclusion of aliovalent ions shown. Lithium batteries containing the composite lithium ion electrolytes are also provided. Electrodes containing the lithium potassium element oxide based materials and batteries with such electrodes are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lithium-titanium complex oxide used in an electrode active material. A preparation method of a lithium-titanium complex oxide according to the present invention comprises the steps of: preparing a slurry mixture in which a titanium oxide, lithium and zirconium are mixed; wet-milling the mixture using beads having a size of 0.30 mm or less to obtain a wet-milled mixture; spray drying the wet-milled mixture to obtain a spray dried mixture; and calcining the spray dried mixture.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes secondary particles of a lithium transition metal complex oxide as a main component. The main component is represented by a formula: Lit(Ni1-xCox)1-yMnyB?P?S?O2, where t, x, y, ?, ?, and ? satisfy inequalities of 0?x?1, 0.00?y?0.50, (1?x)·(1?y)?y, 0.000???0.020, 0.000??=0.030, 0.000???0.030, and 1+3?+3?+2??t?1.30, and satisfy at least one of inequalities of 0.002??, 0.006??, and 0.004??. The secondary particles exhibit a pore distribution, where a pore volume Vp(1) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 ?m and not more than 0.15 ?m satisfies an inequality of 0.035 cm3/g?Vp(1) and where a pore volume Vp(2) having a pore diameter of not less than 0.01 ?m and not more than 10 ?m satisfies an inequality of Vp(2)?0.450 cm3/g.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a positive electrode active lithium-excess metal oxide with composition LixMyO2 (0.6?y?0.85 and 0?x+y?2) for a lithium secondary battery with a high reversible capacity that is insensitive with respect to cation-disorder. The material exhibits a high capacity without the requirement of overcharge during the first cycles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte solution which includes an ionizable lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a mixed additive, wherein the organic solvent comprises at least one cyclic carbonate-based organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, 1,2-butylene carbonate, 2,3-butylene carbonate, 1,2-pentylene carbonate, 2,3-pentylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, and fluoroethylene carbonate, and at least one linear carbonate-based organic solvent selected from the group consisting of dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate, methylpropyl carbonate, and ethylpropyl carbonate, the mixed additive includes vinylene carbonate, 1,3-propylene sulfate, and 1,3-propane sultone in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 to 1:0.5:0.2, and a total amount of the mixed additive is in a range of 1 to 4.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention provides an electrode having a collector and an electrode mix layer disposed on the collector. The electrode mix layer contains an active material A having a core portion A and a coat material A, and an active material B having a core portion B and a coat material B. The isoelectric point of the coat material A is 7 or lower. The isoelectric point of the coat material B is 7 or higher. The isoelectric point of at least one of the coat material A and the coat material B is not 7.

Abstract: A process for solution-based formation of a nanostructured, carbon-coated, inorganic composite includes selecting a supply of inorganic material in a solution, selecting a supply of a carbon-containing solution, and synthesizing the composite by causing the inorganic material to react in the carbon-containing solution. The synthesized composite may be conductive-carbon-coated, and may be for electrochemical applications such as battery cathodes and anodes. The selecting step may involve varying relative amounts of polar fluid, microblender and water components to synthesize a crystalline inorganic composite. There may be a step of retaining and reusing the supply of carbon-containing solution that remains after the synthesizing, and testing the supply of carbon-containing solution that remains to determine whether it can be used again.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery including a first step of synthesizing a lithium transition metal oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1, a second step of preparing lithium transition metal oxide powder by grinding the lithium transition metal oxide, a third step of preparing a positive electrode material including an alumina coating layer by mixing as well as dispersing the lithium transition metal oxide powder in an alumina nanosol, and a fourth step of drying the positive electrode material, a positive electrode material for a lithium secondary battery prepared by the above method, and a lithium secondary battery including the positive electrode material, Li(1+a)(Ni(1?a?b?c)MnbCoc)On??[Chemical Formula 1] where 0?a?0.1, 0?b?1, 0<c?1, and n is an integer of 2 or 4.

Abstract: Negative electrode active material particles for a lithium ion secondary battery include base material particles and a coating. The coating covers a surface of the base material particles. The base material particles contain a first carbon material. The coating contains lithium titanate and a second carbon material. When a ratio of an intensity of a D band to an intensity of a G band in a laser Raman spectrum is set as an R value, the second carbon material has a larger R value than the first carbon material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of energy storage devices and in particular, to a housing used for a battery pack and a battery pack. The housing includes a main body and an installation panel. The main body includes a battery accommodation space and a panel installation window communicating with the battery accommodation space, and the battery accommodation space is configured to accommodate a battery. The installation panel and the main body are separately formed, and the installation panel is installed at the panel installation window. The installation panel includes a base and a connection device installation portion connected to the base, and the connection device installation portion is where a connection device that is connected to the battery is to be installed. The housing provided by the present disclosure has a relatively low production cost and a relatively high production efficiency.

Abstract: In the positive electrode active material according to the inventive concept, A positive active material for lithium secondary battery comprises a particle comprising M1, M2, and Li, wherein the particle comprises a center, a surface, and an intermediate portion between the center and the surface, wherein M1 and M2 are selected from transition metal and are different each other, and wherein concentrations of M1 and M2 have continuous concentration gradients from the center to the intermediate portion.

Abstract: Provided are electrodes that may be used in electrochemical cells that incorporate relatively high loading of active material while also demonstrating excellent adhesion, resistance to mechanical breakdown, and also offer improved capacity retention, particularly at discharge rates of C/72 or greater.

Abstract: A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method for manufacturing the same, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the same are provided. A positive active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a compound that is capable of reversibly intercalating or deintercalating lithium, wherein the compound is formed of a core portion and a coating layer, the core portion is doped with M, and the coating layer includes Al and B, wherein M is Zr, Ti, Mg, Ca, Al, B, V, Zn, Mo, Ni, Co, Mn, or a combination thereof.