Abstract: A method for processing residual fixing-baths, whereby a residual fixing-bath after demetalization by means of sulfide or by means of electrolysis, is acidified with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid, and the precipitated sulphur is removed. A liquid suitable as a gas washing liquid for flue gases and/or liquid fertilizer component is also prepared by an integrated processing of two or three waste materials.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for recovering silver sulfide from a spent photographic fixer solution, which contains silver. The process is particularly suited for treating the fixer solution in a manner which enables recycling of the solution giving rise to considerable reduction in cost of fixer solution and reduced environmental pollution. The process comprises introducing a hydrosulfide reagent into the fixer solution, which contains silver, to precipitate silver sulfide while maintaining pH and thiosulfate levels in the fixer to allow for reuse. The precipitate is isolated from the fixer solution to remove silver thereby and hence enable recycling of the fixer solution.

Abstract: A method for processing silver halide color photographic materials is disclosed, comprising:(1) color-developing an imagewise exposing silver halide color photographic material with a primary aromatic amine based color developing agent, and then(2) desilvering said photographic material by a process comprising the following steps conducted in sequence:(a) treating in a bleaching bath,(b) treating in a bleach-fixing bath, and(c) treating in a fixing bath,wherein said bleaching bath is a bath of a bleaching solution having a pH of not more than 5.0 which contains an aminopolycarboxylic acid ferric complex salt having a redox potential of at least 150 mV, said fixing bath is a bath of a fixing solution having a pH of at least 6.

Abstract: A method for processing an exposed silver halide color photographic material comprising the steps of:(a) color developing an exposed silver halide color photographic material;(b) bleach-fixing said developed material;(c) at least one of washing said bleach-fixed material with water and stabilizing said bleach-fixed material;(d) regenerating a portion of a solution from said step (b) for bleach-fixing to form a replenisher solution comprising at least a carbonyl bisulfite adduct; and(e) replenishing at least one solution in said bleach-fixing step (b) with said replenisher solution from step (d).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in which water for preventing the concentration of processing solution in a processing tank from being increased due to evaporation and a replenisher for avoiding a lowering of the effectiveness of the processing solution are added to the processing tank of a photographic processing apparatus. Before the processing tank is replenished with a replenisher, the processing tank is replenished with water by an amount corresponding to the amount of water evaporated therefrom until the liquid surface level reaches the original liquid surface level i.e. replacing evaporated water, and then, the processing tank is replenished with replenisher. Thereafter, the processing solution is discharged by an amount equal to the amount of replenisher added in order to return the liquid surface level to the original liquid surface level. Thus, the performance of the processing solution can be restored while the concentration of the processing solution is kept constant.

Abstract: In a method for processing at least 2 kinds of silver halide color photographic light-sensitive materials comprising the steps of development, bleach-fixing, water washing and/or stabilization, the method comprises processing, in a common bleach-fixing bath and a common water washing or stabilization bath directly subsequent thereto, one silver halide color photographic light sensitive material having, applied to a substrate, a silver halide emulsion layer which contains, on average, not less than 3 mole % of silver iodide and another silver halide color photographic light sensitive material having applied to a substrate a silver halide emulsion layer which is substantially free of silver iodide, the water washing or stabilization bath containing at least one nonionic surfactant. The amount of replenisher for the bleach-fixing bath and the water washing or stabilizing bath is reduced to not more than 400 ml/m.sup.2 for color paper or not more than 800 m1/m.sup.2 for color negative film.

Abstract: A bleaching starter which contains an imidazole or a primary or secondary amine having a hydroxyalkyl radical as an alkaline agent exhibits an improved desilvering function without odor and safety problems.

Abstract: In the improved method of processing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic material that has photographic constituent layers on a side of a support with an automatic processor, comprising:circulating a fixing solution in a fixing bath being discharged in a volume of 30-200% per minute of a capacity of said fixing bath and at a flow rate of not less than 20 m per minute,wherein said silver halide photographic material has a gelatin content of not more than 3.0 g/m.sup.2 in said photographic constituent layers, andsaid photographic constituent layers comprise a silver emulsion layer which contains silver halide grains having a (100) face to (111) face area ratio of not less than 5.

Abstract: A processing tank is partitioned into a plurality of compartments which are serially connected to define a continuous processing path having an entrance and an exit for photosensitive material. The path is filled with a processing solution having a desilvering function such that the processing solution in at least one compartment has a different composition from the processing solution in at least one of the remaining compartments. Silver halide photosensitive material is successively passed through the compartments without contact with the ambient air. Desilvering the photosensitive material after exposure and development in this way reduces the amount of processing solution used, especially replenished, while achieving improved photographic properties.

Abstract: A process for processing a silver halide color photographic material is disclosed, which comprises color developing and bleach-fixing the silver halide color photographic material, and then processing by at least one of washing the material with water and stabilizing the material, the silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one emulsion layer comprising a high silver chloride emulsion having a silver chloride content of 80 mol % or more and a used bleach-fixing solution which has been already used for the bleach-fixing, having a silver ion concentration of 0.02 mol/liter or more being used as a bleach-fixing solution for replenishment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for bleaching a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material having at least one silver halide emulsion layer containing silver iodobromide after color-developing it. The object of the present invention is to speed up the bleaching treatment in the aforesaid method and to reduce the amount of waste liquor from the bleaching treatment. The present invention is characterized in that the bleaching is performed in the presence of a bleaching accelerator and that it is carried out while a bleaching solution is brought into contact with an anion-exchange resin.

Abstract: A three-part bleach-fix regeneration kit is utilized to restore the capability of a spent bleach-fix solution to function as a working solution in photographic processing. The first part, which is an aqueous alkaline solution containing a buffering agent and an aminopolycarboxylic acid, is added to the spent bleach-fix solution prior to electrolytic recovery of silver therefrom. The second and third parts, which are aqueous acidic solutions containing, respectively, an iron salt and a thiosulfate fixing agent, are added after electrolytic recovery of silver. The first part functions to increase the pH of the spent bleach-fix solution to a level at which electrolytic silver recovery is optimized, while the second and third parts function to lower the pH to an optimum level for use in photographic processing. In addition to providing the necessary pH changes, addition of the three parts in this manner restores all necessary components to their proper concentration.

Abstract: A method of treating a waste solution resulting from the processing of a photographic material with a working solution is disclosed, wherein at least part of said waste solution is absorbed by a resin capable of absorbing at least 50 times its own weight of a liquid.

Abstract: A method for processing silver halide photosensitive materials is described which includes processing an imagewise-exposed silver halide photosensitive material in a bath which has a fixing ability and then at least one of washing and stabilizing the photosensitive materials in a multi-stage counter-flow system, wherein liquid from at least one of a water washing tank and a stabilizing tank is treated using a reverse osmosis membrane and the treated liquid is recycled to at least one of the water washing tank and the stabilizing tank, and at least a tank at the stage at which the liquid is removed for the reverse osmosis membrane treatment has an open fraction of not more than 0.03.

Abstract: There are disclosed a method for processing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material by subjecting a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material after color developing to bleach-fixing processing, characterized in that the light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material contains at least one cyan coupler represented by the formula (A), (B) or (C) as specified in the specification, or contains at least one magenta coupler represented by the formula (M-1), the bleach-fixing processing step is a step which is a counter-current system uses two or more tanks of continuous bleach-fixing tanks, and the silver concentration in the bleach-fixing solution in a final tank of the bleach-fixing tanks is maintained at 80% or lower of the silver concentration in a bleach-fixing solution in a first tank, and a method for processing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material by subjecting a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material after color develop

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material comprises color developing the light-sensitive material and then subjecting it to bleach-fixing treatment, the amount of bleach-fixing solution replenished being 0.2 to 15 times the volume of the color developer carried over, to the bleach-fixing bath, by the processed light-sensitive material per unit area thereof and not less than 80 mole % of the total non-metallic cations present in the replenisher for the bleach-fixing solution being ammonium ions. This method makes it possible to substantially reduce the magenta stains formed after processing due to the magenta couplers used.

Abstract: A method for continuously processing silver halide color photographic light-sensitive materials comprises the steps of developing an exposed silver halide color photogrpahic light-sensitive material which comprises at least one emulsion layer formed from a silver halide emulsion containing not less than one mole % of silver iodide, then desilvering the developed light-sensitive material with a solution having a fixing ability, washing and/or stabilizing the desilvered light-sensitive material, the processing solution having fixing ability comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of polymer dispersions containing polymer such as polymer (1) and water-soluble polymers such as polymer (30).

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material which comprises color developing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material, the coating amount of elemental silver thereon being not more than 0.8 g/m.sup.2, bleach-fixing the developed material and then water washing and/or stabilizing the bleach-fixed material, the method being characterized in that the concentration of bleaching agents in a bleach-fixing solution is not more than 0.1 mole/l or that of fixing agents in the solution is not more than 0.50 mole/l.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a processing method for a silver halide color photographic material, which makes it possible to substantially reduce the amount of waste liquor and the pollution of the environments. In the process, the color photosensitive material is continuously developed, and the process is characterized in that all or a part of the overflow of a color developer being substantially free from benzyl alcohol is used as a part of a processing solution used in a process other than the color development process.

Abstract: In a process for development, fixing, and washing or stabilization of a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material by means of an automatic developing machine, is provided, which process comprises supplying to a developing bath and/or a fixing bath a concentrated developing solution and/or a concentrated solution having a fixing capacity, respectively, and water which has been treated by at least one antifungal means selected from the group consisting of irradiation with ultraviolet rays, irradiation with magnetic fields, processing with ion exchange resins, and incorporation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of aminopolycarboxylic acids and phosphonic acids. In a preferred embodiment, the amount of wash water or stabilizing sollution to be refilled is 3 l or less (including 0 l) per 1 m.sup.2 of light-sensitive material, and the water processed by antifungal means contained in the stock tank is also used as the wash water or stabilizing solution.

Abstract: A color image-forming process is disclosed, which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive layer containing at least one coupler capable of forming a dye upon a reaction with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a silver halide emulsion spectrally sensitized with a dye represented by the following general formula (I), (II) or (III), substantially excluding silver iodide, and containing about 80 mol % or more silver chloride, processing the exposed photographic material with a color developer, then processing it with a solution having a pH of not more than about 6.5 and having a bleaching ability within about 75 seconds: ##STR1## wherein the symbols have the meanings described hereinafter. A silver halide color photographic material to be processed in accordance with the method described above is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming color photographic images where a silver halide color photographic material containing a coupler which forms a dye by reaction with the oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent and containing an acid-processed gelatin in an amount of 25% by weight or more of the amount of the total gelatin coated is color developed, desilvered and then rinsed in water and/or stabilized. The total of the processing time of said desilvering, rinsing-in-water and stabilization steps is controlled to be 3 minutes or less, and/or the amount of replenisher added to the rinsing-in-water bath and stabilization bath is controlled to be from 0.5 to 50 times of the amount of the processing solution which is brought into the rinsing-in-water bath and stabilization bath from the desilvering bath together with the material which is being processed.

Abstract: A method for treating a silver halide color photographic material comprising color developing an exposed silver halide color photographic material and treating it with a treating solution having bleaching power containing at least one ferric complex salt of an organic chelating compound represented by the formula (X-1): ##STR1## wherein W.degree. represents an alkylene group containing a thioether bond; Y.sup.1, Y.sup.2, Y.sup.3 and Y.sup.4 each independently represents a methylene group or an ethylene group; and Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, Z.sup.3 and Z.sup.4 each independently represents a carboxyl group, a phosphono group, a sulfo group, or a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for continuously processing a color reversal photographic material. After black and white development, the color reversal photographic material is rinsed in a bath wherein the replenishing amount per unit area of the photographic material is 3 to 50 times as much as the amount of processing solution carried over from the preceding bath in terms of volume ratio and the pH is 9.5 or below.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material which comprises, after color development of an exposed silver halide color photographic material containing a hydrolyzable type DIR coupler, rapidly processing the developed silver halide color photographic material with a liquid having a bleaching ability and subsequently with a liquid having a bleach-fixing ability, to thereby form a color image.In accordance with the method for processing a silver halide color photographic material, desilveration is completed in a short period of time and color photographic images having excellent color reproducibility and fastness are obtained.

Abstract: A color image-forming process is described, for a silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, and at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, which process comprises incorporating in the photographic material a yellow dye represented by formula (I) and processing the photographic material using a bleach-fixing solution containing a ferric complex of aminopolycarboxylic acid and a thiosulfate ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a substituted amino group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a nitro group or an alkoxycarbonyl group;R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention, relates to a method for the bleaching-fixation processing of silver halide color photographic materials. The present invention provides for sufficient desilvering in a short period of time without deterioration of the photographic characteristic of the materials as processed while minimizing the amount of replenisher which is used. Accordingly, the present invention is a method for the processing of silver halide color photographic materials wherein, after the color-development, the material is processed by bleaching-fixation with at least two continuous bleaching-fixation baths to which a replenisher is fed in a countercurrent system, wherein the total bleaching-fixation processing time in the bleaching-fixation step is to be 0.37 minutes or more per g/m.sup.2 of the silver amount coated on the material and wherein the processing time in the first bleaching-fixation bath is to be 45% or less of the total bleaching-fixation processing time.

Abstract: In a process for recovering silver from spent photographic treatment solution comprises mixing nitric acid with a quantity of the treatment solution to precipitate from the solution silver sulfide. The silver sulfide may be then converted to pure silver. The improvement comprises mixing less than two parts of concentrated nitric acid solution with more than ten parts of the treatment solution to precipitate out of solution silver sulfide. The solution is filtered to remove the silver sulfide precipitate from the solution to yield a solid residue which includes silver sulfide.

Abstract: A novel process and apparatus for multistage contacting of two materials advantageously provides high chemical efficiency and low losses of components of one of the materials caused by that material being carried out of the process with the other material. The process comprises contacting, in a series of stages, a first material with a second material containing a component whose concentration therein is reduced by such contact. Replenishment material is introduced to at least one of the stages to compensate for such concentration reduction. The concentration of the component in the second material is highest in one of the stages, and the first material carries a part of the second material out of each stage. The first material is contacted with the second material at least one once in each stage of the series.

Abstract: A method for processing a silver halide color photographic material by subjecting a light-exposed silver halide color photographic material to a color development and then subjecting it to bleach processing and fix processing or to blix processing, which comprises performing said bleach processing or blix processing using a bleach bath or a blix bath containing a ferric ion complex salt as a bleaching agent, said bleach bath or blix bath, or a prebath for said bath containing at least one of compounds represented by the following general formula (I) or (II); ##STR1## wherein, X represents a hydrogen atom, ##STR2## Y.sup..crclbar. represents an anion; Q represents an atomic group necessary for forming a quaternary nitrogen-containing unsaturated heterocyclic ring; n represents an integer of 1 to 5; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.6 and R.sup.8, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: A method for processing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material by developing a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material after imagewise exposure with a color developing solution containing a p-phenylenediamine type color developing agent containing at least one water-soluble group on its amino group and then subjecting the developed material to direct processing with a bleach-fixing solution kept in a state of being oxidized, which comprises using a diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid iron (III) complex as the bleaching agent for said bleach-fixing processing.

Abstract: A method for bleaching silver halide color photographic materials is described using a bleach solution containing an organic acid metal complex salt and hydrogen peroxide or a compound releasing hydrogen peroxide, wherein the bleaching activity of the bleach solution can be effectively maintained for a long period of time by supplying thereto a replenisher composed separately of a composition containing hydrogen peroxide or a compound releasing hydrogen peroxide and a composition containing an organic acid metal complex salt, which are separately stored and added as a mixture thereof or separately to the bleach solution when the activity thereof is weakened during processing or during storage of the bleach solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to the recovering of metallic silver from photographical bleach-fix baths. An electric current is passed through a bleach-fix solution containing silver ions and ferric ions, which solution has been brought to a predetermined redox potential by the addition of a reducing agent. The cathode is of the type wherein reduced silver ions can deposit thereon as metallic silver. The redox potential of the electrolyte solution is continuously monitored and a reducing agent is added automatically when the redox potential rises above a predetermined level. When the redox potential drops below a predetermined level the addition of the reducing agent is automatically stopped.

Abstract: A novel method for processing a silver halide color photographic material. The process comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material to light, color-developing the light-sensitive material, and then desilvering the light-sensitive material, wherein: (a) said silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material contains a compound which reacts with an oxidation product of anaromatic primary amine color developing agent to form a bleaching accelerator, (b) the desilvering step is conducted with a processing solution containing a ferric complex salt of an organic acid, and (c) the total amount of replenisher of the processing solution to be used in the desilvering step satisfies either the following conditions (i) or (ii):(i) the total amount of replenisher is 1,000 ml or less per m.sup.2 of the light-sensitive material if the coated amount of silver per m.sup.2 of the light-sensitive material is 2.