Abstract: A silver halide film for reproducing digitally stored medical diagnostic images through exposure and processing, including development, fixing and drying, in 90 seconds or less is disclosed in which onto a film support transparent to exposing radiation are coated (1) a processing solution permeable front layer unit coated on the front major face of the support capable of absorbing up to 60 percent of the exposing radiation and containing less than 30 mg/dm.sup.2 of hydrophilic colloid and less than 20 mg/dm.sup.2 silver in the form of radiation-sensitive silver halide grains and (2) a processing solution permeable back layer unit coated on the back major face of the support containing less than 40 mg/dm.sup.2 of hydrophilic colloid, silver in the form of radiation-sensitive silver halide grains accounting for from 40 to 60 percent of the total radiation-sensitive silver halide present in the film, and a dye capable of providing an optical density of at least 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to a motion picture film having a support and having, in order, on one side thereof an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer and having, in order, on the opposite side thereof an antistatic layer, a protective overcoat; characterized in that said protective overcoat includes a polyurethane binder, the polyurethane binder has a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at a 2% elongation of at least 50000 lb/in.sup.2, and a topcoat farthest from the support which comprises gelatin-coated, latex particles.

Abstract: A photothermographic recording material comprising a support; a photo-addressable thermally developable element comprising a substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt, photosensitive silver halide in catalytic association with the substantially light-insensitive organic silver salt spectrally sensitized to the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and a binder; and in a hydrophobic layer an antihalation dye according to the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.15 independently represent an alkyl group or an alkyl group substituted with at least one fluorine, chlorine, bromine or an alkoxy-, aryloxy- or ester-group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.16 and R.sup.17 independently represent an alkyl group; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.18, R.sup.19, R.sup.20 and R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for forming a resist pattern which solve a problem (dimensional precision degradation) caused by halation and interference phenomena due to reflected light from the substrate, and which are fine and have high precision even with substrates having high reflectivity or substrates having a transparent film or substrates with an uneven surface. A first method forms between the substrate and resist film an anti-reflective film whose photoabsorbance of the exposure light is greater on the substrate surface side than on the resist surface side. A second method forms between the substrate and resist film a two-layer anti-reflective film made up of an upper-layer film which is an interference film for the exposure light and a lower-layer film which has higher exposure light absorbance than the upper-layer film and functions as a light shielding film.

Abstract: The present invention is a photographic element including a support, having on one side thereof at least one silver halide emulsion layer, and having on the other side an antistatic layer, and a protective overcoat. The protective overcoat is farthest from the support; and is a continuous polyolefin coating.

Abstract: A black and white photographic element contains a filter dye of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R.sup.1 is independently substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, substituted or unsubstituted amido, or substituted or unsubstituted sulfonamido;n is 1-4;R.sup.2 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or amido;each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is independently hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; andM is a cation.

Abstract: A photographic element comprising a polymeric film base, a silver halide emulsion layer, and an antistatic layer comprising a colloidal vanadium oxide and a vinyl addition polymer dispersion in a dry weight ratio of from 1:30 to 1:500. The antistatic layer may be present as a backing layer on the side of the base opposite the silver halide emulsion layer, as a subbing layer between the base and the emulsion layer in a single or double side coated photographic element, and/or as a subbing layer between the base and a different backing layer. No barrier layer is used over the antistatic layer.

Abstract: The present invention is a silver halide photographic element which includes a support, at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer; and at least one light-insensitive protective layer. The light insenstive protective layer includes a hydrophilic binder, a colloidal silver particle and an ultraviolet ray absorbing polymer particle having a mean size of greater than 0.01 .mu.m. The ultraviolet ray absorbing polymer particle contains an ultraviolet ray absorber and a polymer derived from monomer A and less than 10 weight percent of monomer B, wherein monomer A represents ethylenically unsaturated monomers which form substantially water insoluble homopolymers, and monomer B represents ethylenically unsaturated monomers capable of forming water soluble homopolymers.

Abstract: The present invention is an imaging base which includes a polyester film support and an adhesion promoting layer directly adhered to a surface of the support. The adhesion promoting layer is formed by the coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition comprising a gelatin-grafted-polyurethane. The gelatin-grafted polyurethane is covalently bound to the polyurethane through a grafting agent wherein the ratio of gelatin to polyurethane is from 1:10 to 2:1. In one embodiment of the invention the imaging support is coated with at least one silver halide emulsion layer to form a photographic element.

Abstract: The present invention is a motion picture film which includes a support having, in order, on one side thereof an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer and having, in order, on the opposite side thereof an antistatic layer and a protective overcoat. The protective overcoat includes a polyurethane binder having a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at a 2% elongation of at least 50000 lb/in.sup.2, and a topcoat farthest from the support. The topcoat is formed by the coating and subsequent drying of a coating composition comprising gelatin-grafted polyurethane comprising gelatin covalently bound to a polyurethane through a grafting agent, wherein the ratio of gelatin to polyurethane is from 1:10 to 2:1.

Abstract: Photographic glass plates can be prepared by directly coating the appropriate layer formations onto a glass support. One element comprises a thin subbing layer (less than 2 .mu.m), an antihalation layer, a silver halide emulsion layer, and a protective overcoat layer that can also include a matting agent or lubricant. Another embodiment has the antihalation layer coated directly onto the support.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a blue sensitive emulsion layer unit, a green sensitive emulsion layer unit and a red sensitive emulsion layer unit provided on a support, at least one of said three color sensitive emulsion layer units containing at least three emulsion layers different from one another in sensitivity, in which all photosensitive layers of said three color sensitive emulsion layer units contain photosensitive tabular silver haloiodide grains having an aspect ratio of from two to 100 and said photosensitive tabular silver haloiodide grains contain grains each having a projection at at least one vertex thereof, whereby a color photographic material having excellent relation between sensitivity and granularity and improved push-processing suitability can be provided.

Abstract: An antireflective layer comprises a binder component in the form of a rosin which is soluble in both a low polar organic solvent and an aqueous alkaline solution, and a light absorbing component which is also soluble in both the low polar organic solvent and the aqueous alkaline solution. In photolithography, the antireflective layer exhibits excellent anti-reflective properties in a predetermine UV wavelength region, and, when used for forming resist patterns, the antireflective layer can be applied dissolved in the low polar organic solvent in a manner which has no detrimental effect on the resist, and can be removed along with the resist during the development process using the aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: The present invention is a backing paper for photographic roll film. The backing paper includes a paper base having a first side and a second side. Superposed on the first side of the paper base is an antistatic opacifying layer which includes polyethylene and at least 10 weight percent of conductive carbon black particles, the carbon black particles having a surface chemistry of less than 1.5 percent by weight.

Abstract: The problem of sensing the presence of radiographic elements using infrared sensors that occurs when a radiographic element contains one or more very thin tabular grain emulsions a total silver coating coverage of less than 30 mg/dm.sup.2 is addressed by placing particles in one or more non-emulsion hydrophilic colloid layers. The particles are removable during rapid access processing, have a mean equivalent circular diameter of from 0.3 to 1.1 .mu.m, and have an index of refraction at the wavelength of the infrared radiation that differs from the index of refraction of the hydrophilic colloid by at least 0.2.

Abstract: There are described diffusion transfer photosensitive film units which include a novel antihalation layer comprising an antihalation material, titanium dioxide and a binder. Diffusion transfer film units prepared according to the invention provide silver images of enhanced resolution, film speed and sharpness.

Abstract: A motion picture sound recording chromogenic photographic film element for forming non-neutral images is disclosed comprising a film support bearing at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising at least one dye-forming coupler which forms a dye which absorbs primarily in the green or red light region of the electromagnetic spectrum upon processing with color negative developer, wherein the element does not comprise a neutral-balanced combination of cyan, magenta, and yellow dye-forming couplers.

Abstract: A mammographic medical diagnostic radiographic element is disclosed that produces sharp images and is capable of being processed in less than 60 seconds. Each of imaging and antihalation fully forehardened hydrophilic colloid layer units are coated on the opposite sides of a transparent film support at a hydrophilic colloid coating coverage of less than 55 mg/dm.sup.2. The radiation-sensitive silver halide grains contained in the imaging layer unit are provided by a tabular grain emulsion coated at a coverage capable of providing a maximum density on processing of greater than 3.6. To provide a mid-scale contrast of greater than 3.0 and a lower scale contrast of greater than 2.2, the radiation-sensitive grains (a) exhibit an equivalent circular diameter coefficient of variation grain of less than 15 percent and (b) contain rhodium in a normalized molar concentration of less than 1.times.10.sup.-6 based on silver.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprises a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer and at least one non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloidal layer. The silver halide emulsion layer or the hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a colorant having the absorption maximum wavelength within the infrared region of 700 to 1,100 nm. The colorant is in the form of solid particles dispersed in the silver halide emulsion layer or in the hydrophilic colloidal layer. The solid particles cannot substantially be removed by a processing solution of the silver halide photographic material. An image forming process employing the silver halide photographic material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A photographic element comprises an ultraviolet ray absorbing polyester support bearing a light-sensitive silver halide photographic emulsion layer, the support having adjacent thereto one or more contiguous non imaging layers between the support and the closest silver halide photographic emulsion layer said one or more contiguous layers containing a combined gelatin laydown of 2.3 g/m.sup.2 or less.

Abstract: A transfer material colored to a predetermined color is used when images are formed on a transfer material for use in thermal transfer comprising a substrate and a dye receiving layer by a thermal transfer process.When images are formed by an optional image forming method such as silver salt photographic process, ink jet process or thermal transfer process, a transfer material having sepia tone is used in each of the image forming processes thereby forming sepia tone images. Images having unique appearance can be formed easily upon forming images by a thermal transfer process. Images of sepia tone can be formed safely and conveniently.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for forming a resist pattern which solve a problem (dimensional precision degradation) caused by halation and interference phenomena due to reflected light from the substrate, and which are fine and have high precision even with substrates having high reflectivity or substrates having a transparent film or substrates with an uneven surface. A first method forms between the substrate and resist film an anti-reflective film whose photoabsorbance of the exposure light is greater on the substrate surface side than on the resist surface side. A second method forms between the substrate and resist film a two-layer anti-reflective film made up of an upper-layer film which is an interference film for the exposure light and a lower-layer film which has higher exposure light absorbance than the upper-layer film and functions as a light shielding film. A third method.

Abstract: A photographic element contains a dye of Formula (I): ##STR1## wherein G represents O or dicyanovinyl (--C(CN).sub.2); E.sup.1 represents an electron withdrawing group; R.sup.1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group or a substituted or unsubstituted hetereoaryl group; L.sup.1, L.sup.2 and L.sup.3 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted methine groups; Z represents non-metal atoms which may be assembled to form a five- or six-membered heterocyclic ring other than furan; and n represents 0 or 1; and wherein the dye comprises at least one ionizable group with a pKa value between 4 and 12.

Abstract: A photographic coating composition comprising an aqueous medium containing a hydrophilic colloid and having dispersed therein solid particles of a yellow filter dye also contains a oxidized developer scavenger of formula III ##STR1## wherein x.sup.1 =hydrogen or a process cleavable group;R.sup.14 =an electron withdrawing and aqueous solubilizing group;R.sup.15 =a substituent group;R.sup.16 =a ballasting group;R.sup.17 =a substituent group;i=1, 2, 3, or 4; andj=1, 2, 3, or 4.The coating composition is stable with regard to crystal growth of the dispersed solid particles of filter dye even when held at coating temperatures (about 45.degree. C.) for several hours.

Abstract: A multilayer silver halide color photographic element comprises a support having coated thereon a silver antihalation layer, an interlayer, at least two red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, at least two green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers a yellow filter layer, and at least two blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers, wherein the interlayer provided between the silver antihalation layer and the red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer closest to the support contains a bleach accelerator releasing compound, and the silver antihalation layer contains a water-soluble organic thiol.The invention provides reduction in residual silver levels and backside turbidity after processing, without deleteriously affecting sensitometric properties of the photographic element.

Abstract: A heat processable film comprising:a base layer;a dichroic mirror layer; anda heat processable emulsion layer which is exposed by radiation having a predetermined range of wavelengths; wherein the dichroic mirror layer reflects radiation at least having the predetermined range of wavelengths to the emulsion layer and transmits radiation having wavelengths outside the predetermined range of wavelengths.

Abstract: This invention relates to a motion picture print film having a support and having, in order, on one side thereof an antihalation undercoat and at least one silver halide emulsion layer and having, in order, on the opposite side thereof an antistatic layer, a protective overcoat; characterized in that said protective overcoat includes a polyurethane binder and the polyurethane binder has a tensile elongation to break of at least 50% and a Young's modulus measured at a 2% elongation of at least 50000 lb/in, and a topcoat farthest from the support which includes a hydrophilic binder at a weight percent of at least 20.

Abstract: An element capable of forming a silver image is disclosed containing insufficient radiation-sensitive silver halide grains to render the element detectable by an infrared sensor. The element has been modified to increase infrared specular density by the inclusion of, in a hydrophilic colloid dispersing medium, particles (a) being removable from the element during a rapid access processing cycle, (b) having a mean size of from 0.3 to 1.1 .mu.m and at least 0.1 .mu.m larger than the mean grain size of the radiation-sensitive grains, and (c) having an index of refraction at the wavelength of the infrared radiation that differs from the index of refraction of the hydrophilic colloid by at least 0.2.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an anti-reflective layer comprises the steps of coating a polymer solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of phenol-based resins, water-soluble resins and acryl resins as a main component, and then baking at a high temperature. The method is simplified and the layer's reflectance is greatly enhanced.

Abstract: Proposed is a novel undercoating composition used in the photolithographic patterning of a photoresist layer by intervening between the substrate surface and the photoresist layer to decrease the adverse influences of the reflecting light from the substrate surface. The undercoating composition of the invention comprises (a) a melamine compound substituted by methylol groups and/or alkoxymethyl groups and (b) a polyhydroxy benzophenone compound, diphenyl sulfone compound or diphenyl sulfoxide compound, optionally, with admixture of (c) an alkali-insoluble resin of a (meth)acrylic acid ester.

Abstract: By processing color motion picture film to yield a dye-only, "silver-less" soundtrack, an antihalation layer containing silver may be incorporated into the film without interfering with the soundtrack signal in the resulting processed film. The process results in good antihalation protection of the print film during exposure, and a simplified processing procedure which does not require special processing of the exposed soundtrack relative to the image area frames.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including the steps of: forming a transparent oxide film on a light reflecting surface; forming an anti-reflective a-c film on the surface of the transparent film; and coating a photoresist film on the surface of the anti-reflective film and patterning the photoresist film, wherein the thicknesses of the anti-reflective film and the transparent film are selected so as to set a standing wave intensity I.sub.sw =I.delta./I.sub.ave to 0.2 or smaller, where I.sub.ave is an average value of light intensity in the photoresist film, and I.delta. is an amplitude of a light intensity change. A fine pattern can be formed on a highly reflective substrate with a small size variation and at a high precision.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of dyestuffs of the general formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 and M.sup..sym. are as defined in claim 1, as infrared-absorbing agents in hydrophilic colloidal layers, for example in recording materials or for detection purposes, recording materials, for example photographic recording materials, which comprise such dyestuffs in hydrophilic colloidal layers, and new dyestuffs of the general formula I.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having at least one pre-fogged direct positive emulsion layer provided on at least one side of the support, wherein silver halide grain formation of the emulsion is carried out in the presence of a silver halide solvent, the emulsion contains at least one of an Rh salt, an Ru salt or a polybromoiridium salt, and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula (I), (II) and (III) is added to the emulsion while the silver halide photographic material is prepared:R--SO.sub.2 S--M (I)R--SO.sub.2 S--R.sup.1 (II)R--SO.sub.2 S--L.sub.m --SSO.sub.2 --R.sup.2 (III)wherein R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different, and each represents an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or a heterocyclic group; M represents a cation; L represents a divalent linking group; and m represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns with a method of producing 3D print materials and the structure thereof. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 3D print material consists of a lenticular screen, an image forming layer and an anti-halation layer coated on the image forming layer opposite from the lenticular screen. When the thickness of the lenticular screen reaches a certain amount, it renders the coating of an image forming layer onto the lenticular screen too difficult or impractical. With such a thickness, it is advantageous to coat the image forming layer and the anti-halation layer on a clear polymer base, and then securely attach the coated polymer base to a bare lenticular screen with the aid of a bonding layer. Similarly, a parallax barrier plate can be used in lieu of a lenticular screen for producing 3D print materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to an antireflective layer (ARL) which has both good absorption capability and low reflectivity at the photoresist/ARL interface. The ARL also significantly reduces CD variation in exposed photoresist film. The ARL of the present invention comprises an organic base resin having fine carbon particles dispersed therein. The combination of the organic base resin and fine carbon particles provide both good absorption and low reflectivity.The present invention is also related to a process of forming a semiconductor by applying an antireflection layer to the surface of a substrate, forming a photoresist layer on the antireflection layer, and selectively exposing the substrate to ultraviolet light, wherein the antireflective layer is an organic resin having carbon particles dispersed therein.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide photographic light-sensitive material that comprises, in at least one photographic layer constituting the material, a dispersion containing fine grains of a solid dye represented by the following general formula (II), wherein the solid dye has been subjected to heat treatment at 40.degree. C. or higher, and wherein the dispersion further contains a specific water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer-compound that has a hydrophobic group bonding at a terminal of a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl ester: ##STR1## wherein D represents a residue of a compound having a chromophoric group; X represents a dissociating hydrogen atom, or a group having a dissociating hydrogen atom, which atom or group connects to the D directly or via a divalent connecting group; and y is an integer of 1 to 7. The photographic light-sensitive material prevents any change of viscosity with the lapse of time due to the dye in a state of dispersion solution containing fine grains of the dye.

Abstract: A co-polymer of benzophenone and bisphenol A has been shown to have DUV absorption properties. Therefore, the co-polymer has particular utility as an antireflective coating in microlithography applications. Incorporating anthracene into the co-polymer backbone enhances absorption at 248 nm. The endcapper used for the co-polymer can vary widely depending on the needs of the user and can be selected to promote adhesion, stability, and absorption of different wavelengths.

Abstract: A first method forms between the substrate and resist film an anti-reflective film whose photoabsorbance of the exposure light is greater on the substrate surface side than on the resist surface side. A second method forms between the substrate and resist film a two-layer anti-reflective film made up of an upper-layer film which is an interference film for the exposure light and a lower-layer film which has higher exposure light absorbance than the upper-layer film and functions as a light shielding film. A third method forms between the substrate and resist film a two-layer anti-reflective film consisting of a lower-layer film that reflects the exposure light and an upper-layer film that is an interference film for the exposure light. A very high anti-reflection effect can be obtained without aspect ratio problems during the process of forming the anti-reflective film and without being influenced by the kind of substrate including those having a transparent film.

Abstract: A dispersion of fine solid particles having good production suitability, good dispersion stability and high spectral absorption, which is obtained by pulverizing an aqueous slurry of a dye represented by general formula (II) in the presence of a polyalkylene oxide represented by general formula (I-a) or (I-b): ##STR1## wherein a and b each represents a value of 5 to 500.D--(X).sub.y (II)wherein D represents a compound residue having a chromophore, X represents dissociative hydrogen or a group having dissociative hydrogen, and y is an integer of 1 to 7. An embodiment that a compound represented by general formula (I) is present together with the polyalkylene oxide of general formula (I-a) or (I-b) is also disclosed.

Abstract: Silver halide light sensitive photographic elements comprising a support bearing on one side thereof at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion yellow-image forming layer, at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion cyan-image forming layer, at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion magenta-image forming layer, and an antihalation layer comprising a cyan filter dye coated between the support and the red-sensitive layer, wherein the green-sensitive layer comprises a four equivalent magenta image forming coupler and the cyan filter dye is of the formula (I): ##STR1## where L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, L.sup.4 and L.sup.5 are methine groups; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently H or alkyl or aryl groups; and M.sup.+ is H or a counter ion; wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 comprises an aryl group substituted with a substituent having a .pi. value of less than -0.10, where .pi.

Abstract: Room-light handleable direct silver halide emulsions exhibit a broadened Dmin window when certain nitro-substituted aryl- or heteroaryl-containing imidazoles are included. These imidazoles act as excellent rereversal and Dmin suppressants. Photographic elements are prepared from these emulsions that can be handled in room-light if desired.

Abstract: The invention provides a multilayer color negative photographic film comprising a support, at least one light-sensitive silver halide layer sensitive to each of the blue, green and red regions of the visible spectrum and a yellow or orange-yellow methine dye of structure I, ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group;R.sub.2 is an alkyl group or an aryl group;R.sub.3 is hydrogen, a halogen atom (such as chlorine or fluorine), an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or an aryloxy group;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or an alkyl group;R.sub.5 is hydrogen or an alkyl group;R.sub.6 is hydrogen or an alkyl group;X is oxygen or sulfur;each R.sub.7 is independently a substituent selected from the group consisting halogen atoms, and alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, carbonamido, sulfonamido, carbamoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, acyloxy, acyl, sulfamoyl, sulfonyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyloxy, alkylthio, arylthio, and cyano groups;n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; andR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may join to form a ring.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material comprising a plurality of light-sensitive layers having different spectral sensitivities, wherein two nearest light-sensitive layers interposing a light-insensitive layer containing colloidal silver each contains in the proportion of 50% or more (of the projected area) of tabular grains having an aspect ratio of from 3 to 100 and 10 or more dislocation lines per one grain, and a light-insensitive layer is provided between each of the light-sensitive layers and the light-insensitive layer containing colloidal silver.

Abstract: The invention provides a multilayer silver halide color negative photographic element comprising in the same layer a cyan dye of formula (I) and a ballasted stabilizer compound of formula (II), where the respective formulas are: ##STR1## andB--L--A--R (II)wherein:the substiuents are as defined herein the specification.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprises a support, at least one silver halide emulsion layer and at least one non-light-sensitive hydrophilic colloidal layer. The silver halide emulsion layer or the hydrophilic colloidal layer contains a colorant having the absorption maximum wavelength within the infrared region of 700 to 1,100 nm. The colorant is in the form of solid particles dispersed in the silver halide emulsion layer or in the hydrophilic colloidal layer. The solid particles cannot substantially be removed by a processing solution of the silver halide photographic material. An image forming process employing the silver halide photographic material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Heat bleachable antihalation compositions are prepared using metallized or unmetallized formazan dyes, hexaarylbiimidzoles having alkoxy substituents and organic carboxylic acids. These compositions are rapidly bleached at relatively low temperatures and can be used in photothermographic elements.

Abstract: A method of determining an optimum condition of an anti-reflective layer upon forming a resist pattern by exposure with a monochromatic light, forms the anti-reflective layer with these conditions and forms a resist pattern using a novel anti-reflective layer.

Abstract: A photographic element contains a four-equivalent pyrazolone magenta coupler and a yellow filter dye represented by Formula I. ##STR1## wherein: A is an acidic nucleus selected from the group consisting of benzoylacetonitrile, 2-phenyl-1,1,3-tricyanopropene, 5-pyrazolone, isooxazolone, barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid, rhodanine, hydantoin, thiohydantoin, oxazolidindione, pyrazolidindione, indandione, pyrazolopyridone, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-2,4-dione, 3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzo?d!thiophene-1,1-dioxide and 3-dicynaomethine-2,3-dihydroxybenzo?d!thiophene-1,1-dioxide;L.sup.1-3 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted methine group;n is 0 or 1;R.sup.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographic element comprising an antihalation dye of formula: ##STR1## whereinX.sup.1 .?.,.!. .Iadd.and .Iaddend.X.sup.2 independently represent.?.s.!. --CR.sup.8 R.sup.9 --, --S--, --Se--, --NR.sup.10 --, --CH.dbd.CH-- or --O--;n is an integer of 2 or 3;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently represent alkyl of 1 to 10 carbons or substituted alkyl of 1 to 10 carbons;R.sup.3 represents .?.a ring chosen from the set consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, and.!. a heterocyclic ring;R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 independently represent hydrogen, alkyl of 1-10 carbons, substituted alkyl of 1-10 carbons.?.,.!..Iadd.; or .Iaddend.R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 taken together or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 taken together .?.may.!. represent the atoms necessary to form a 5 or 6-membered aliphatic ring, an aromatic six-membered ring, an aromatic 10-membered ring, a substituted aromatic .?.six-member.!. .Iadd.six-membered .Iaddend.ring or a substituted aromatic .?.10-member.!. .Iadd.10-membered .Iaddend.ring;R.sup.8 .?.