Abstract: Disclosed is a toner which can be charged at a designated level even when a lot of print is carried out with severity of charging by stirring and when the printing is carried out under the low temperature-low humidity or the high temperature-high humidity condition. A toner comprising (a) a particle comprising a resin and a colorant; and (b) a titanate compound on the surface of the particle, in which the titanate compound contains iron in an amount of from 100 ppm to 1,000 ppm.

Abstract: A full-color image forming method, including: developing an electrostatic latent image with a two-component developer, including: a toner including: a binder resin, a colorant, and a layered inorganic mineral in which ions between its layers are at least partially modified with an organic ion; and a carrier, wherein the toner includes a black, a yellow, a magenta and a cyan toner and the carrier is formed of a magnetic particulate material coated with a resin, wherein each of the toners are contained in each toner cartridge comprising the carrier, from which the two-component developer is fed into each image developer developing each of the electrostatic latent image and discharging the extra developer therefrom, and wherein each of the toners has a aerated apparent density not greater than 0.40 and a difference of the aerated apparent density between each of the toners is not greater than 0.10.

Abstract: A varnish composition and the method of making a varnish composition comprising at least one latex emulsion, water, at least one amino alcohol or at least one alkali base and at least one surfactant.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a glass plate with a conductive printed wire, which does not require a screen plate for each model, facilitates adjustments for desired heat generation performance or antenna performance, has an excellent adhesion to a glass plate surface, and minimizes surface roughness. The process for producing a glass plate with a conductive printed wire is characterized in that a laminate comprising a layer obtained by electro printing a first conductive toner having a number standard average particle size (D50) of 10 ?m<D50?50 ?m and a layer obtained by electro printing a second conductive toner having a particle size (D50) of 5 ?m?D50?10 ?m is formed on a surface of a glass plate and the glass plate is heated to fire the toners to thereby form a conductive printed wire having a predetermined pattern on the surface of the glass plate.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a carrier and a developer, which have fewer occurrences of carrier adhesion and background smear, excellent granularity and longer durability. The carrier comprises the core material particles having magnetism and resin coating layer covering the core material particles, and wherein the weight average particle diameters is in the range of 22 m to 32 m, the proportion of the weight average particle diameters relative to the number average particle diameter is in the range of 1.00 to 1.20, the content of particles having a diameter of 20 m or smaller is 7% by mass, the content of carrier particles having a diameter of 36 m or smaller is in the range of 90% by mass to 100% by mass, and the proportion of the particle density of the core material particles is in the range of 85% to 100% of the true density of the core material particles.

Abstract: A toner including a binder resin including a polyester resin, a colorant, and a release agent including a polyglycerin ester having a melt viscosity of from 1.0 to 40 mPa·sec at 120° C. and a hydroxyl value of from 0 to 100 mgKOH/g is provided. The polyglycerin ester is an ester of a polyglycerin having an average polymerization degree of from 2 to 10 and an aliphatic acid having 16 to 24 carbon atoms in average.

Abstract: A tandem color electrostatographic printer apparatus has five or more color printing stations or modules for applying respective color separation toner images to a receiver member to form a pentachrome color image in a single pass. A fuser station fuses the pentachrome color image. A clear toner overcoat is then applied to the fused pentachrome toner image and enhanced glossing of the image is provided by a belt glosser to improve color gamut.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor which comprises a layer on a support, wherein the photoreceptor satisfies a condition represented by Formulas 1 and 2; 0<Pmax<2P??Formula 1 2?(Pmax/D)×100?50??Formula 2 wherein P represents an average of the layer thickness in ?m at the central portion in the width direction of image forming area of the support, Pmax represents is an average of the largest value of the layer thickness in ?m without the image forming area, D represents an average of the distance in ?m from the point where the largest value is formed to the edge of the layer and a image forming method and an apparatus using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic mono-component toner which can suppress a selection development on a latent image carrier and can maintain favorable image properties for a long period by using a toner having the coarse powder distribution (S) within a given range in a jumping developing method and an image forming method which uses the toner. In the toner used in the jumping developing method which develops an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrier using a developer carrier, the toner includes toner particles which contain at least a binding resin and a magnetic powder, and the coarse powder distribution (S) of the toner particles satisfies a following formula (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising on or over an electrically conductive support a photosensitive layer containing a pyranthrone compound represented by the following formula and the pyranthrone compound has a crystal structure exhibiting a CuK? X-ray diffraction spectrum having peaks at angles (2?±0.2°) of 12.3°, 20.5°, 25.3° and 28.3°.

Abstract: An objective is to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a protective layer in which no unevenness is generated in a coated layer even though a coating solution containing a large addition amount of metal oxide is coated, mechanical strength of a protective layer is high; productivity is high with long life of the coating solution because of no sedimentation of metal oxide, electrical resistivity and mechanical strength are satisfactory, and metal oxide generating no coated layer defect together with no light scattering caused by dispersion failure is dispersed, and also to provide an image forming method and an image forming apparatus employing the electrophotographic photoreceptor. Also disclosed is an electrophotographic photoreceptor possessing a conductive support, at least a photosensitive layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer comprises rutile type titanium dioxide and anatase type titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A method for coating particles with a coating liquid including supplying airflow to fluidize the particles; mixing the coating liquid with a spray gas in a two-fluid spray nozzle to form a two-phase flow; and atomizing the two-phase flow with the spray gas to spray a mist of the coating liquid upon the particles. A coating device including a vessel; a fluidizing device configured to supply airflow to fluidize a powder in the vessel; and a spray nozzle configured to mix the coating liquid with a spray gas to form a two-phase flow, and to atomize the two-phase flow with the spray gas to spray a mist of the coating liquid. A particulate carrier for use in electrophotographic developer including particles of a core material and a cover layer thereon and prepared by the coating method mentioned above.

Abstract: A carrier of the present invention is used in a developer including a toner which includes at least a binder resin and an organic colorant, and the carrier has a core and a coating formed on the surface of the core, the coating including (i) a charge control agent for controlling a charge whose polarity is the same as a polarity of a charge controlled by a charge control agent included in the toner, and (ii) a conductive particles. The use of the carrier of the present invention enables: prevention of decrease in the charging amount of the toner which includes at least a binder resin and an organic colorant; and formation of a stable, high-resolution, high-quality image which has very few image defects such as a photographic fog.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier and a charging device. The image carrier supplied with a lubricant carries an electrostatic latent image and a toner image formed by making the electrostatic latent image visible with toner including toner particles and inorganic fine particles. The charging device uniformly charges a surface of the image carrier without contacting the image carrier to form the electrostatic latent image on the image carrier. The toner particles have a volume average particle size in a range of from about 3 ?m to about 8 ?m, a ratio Dv/Dn between a volume average particle size Dv and a number average particle size Dn in a range of from about 1.00 to about 1.40, a shape factor SF-1 in a range of from about 100 to about 180, and a shape factor SF-2 in a range of from about 100 to about 180.

Abstract: A developing device including a developing roller and a developer layer forming member for forming a layer of a one component developer on the roller. The developing device satisfies the relationships (1) 20<X<65?14?, and (2) 12.7??25>Q/M>13.1??44.5, wherein X represents the ratio (% by weight) of the wax present on the surface of the developer to the total of the wax therein; ? represents the angle formed by a tangent line to the member at a point B, which is the center of the contact zone of the member contacted with the roller, and another tangent line at a point A thereof 0.5 mm apart from the point B toward the tip of the member, wherein ? is 0 to ?/2 radian; and Q/M represents the charge quantity (?C/g) of the toner per unit weight.

Abstract: A disclosed image forming apparatus includes an image carrier; one or more charging units configured to charge the image carrier in preparation for formation of each of plural latent images corresponding to toner images of different colors; a latent image forming unit configured to expose non-image areas on the charged image carrier to form each of the latent images; and developing units configured to develop the corresponding latent images in sequence with toners of the corresponding colors to form the toner images and thereby to form a color toner image composed of the toner images of the different colors on the image carrier, the toners having polarity opposite to that of the charged image carrier.

Abstract: To provide a carrier for electrophotographic developer including core particles and a cover layer covering the particles, wherein at least one of the carrier to be supplied in a developing apparatus and carrier contained in the developing apparatus has a weight average particle diameter Dw of 22 ?m or more and 32 ?m or less, a ratio Dw/Dp of the weight average particle diameter Dw to the number average particle diameter Dp that satisfies the relationship 1.00?Dw/Dp?1.20, particles whose particle diameter x (?m) is within a range of 0<x<20 in an amount of 7 wt % or less, and particles whose particle diameter y (?m) is within a range of 0<y<36 in an amount of 90 wt % or more and 100 wt % or less.

Abstract: The invention relates to the marking of a material (18) with identifier marks (16), the material thus marked, and verification of the genuineness of a product on the basis of the marks. In accordance with the invention, an optical brightener is incorporated in the material (18), and marking is performed by reducing the brightness of the material at a selected location by directing local heating to this location, the mark (16) thus produced appearing with a darker shade than its environment in ultraviolet light (20). The marking is based on partial or complete destruction of the brightening effect of the optical brightener under heating. The invention is suitable for providing e.g. coated paper and board containing an optical brightener with identifier marks for preventing falsifications.

Abstract: An organic photoreceptor is described. The photosensitive layer contains a pyranthrone compound represented by Formula 1 which has been subjected to purification processing so as to have a mass reduction ratio D400/450 between 400° C. and 450° C. of not more than 2.0% in a thermogravimetric analysis; D400/450={(G400?G450)/Gi}×100 wherein Gi is a mass at 25° C., and G400 and G450 are each mass at 400° C. and 450° C., respectively, wherein R1 through R14 are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or a nitro group. The image forming method using the photoreceptor, and the pyranthrone compound are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image supporting material for fixably supporting a color toner image, the material including a base material, a light scattering layer provided on the base material and containing a white pigment and a thermoplastic resin, and a color toner receptive layer provided on the light scattering layer and containing at least a thermoplastic resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the light scattering layer is constituted of a polyolefin or a polyolefinic copolymer having a temperature, at which viscosity becomes 5×103 Pa·s, of 100° C. or higher, and the thermoplastic resin in the color toner receptive layer is constituted of a resin obtained by melt mixing of a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous resin and having a temperature, at which viscosity becomes 103 Pa·s, equal to or higher than 65° C. but lower than 80° C.

Abstract: A fuser member includes a substrate and an outer layer comprising a polymeric material, wherein the polymeric material is post-halogenated to provide a post-halogenated polymeric material. The fuser member is advantageously used without a release oil applied to the outer layer.

Abstract: An image forming method which can provides excellent cleaning property, no occurrence of unusual noise or curling of a blade, and a high quality image. The method includes forming a latent image on a cylindrical electrophotographic photoconductor including a mass additive therein; and developing the latent image with a developer comprising a toner, wherein the toner comprises a ratio (Dv50/Dp50) of a 50% volume particle size (Dv50) to a 50% number particle size (Dp50) of 1.0 to 1.15, a ratio (Dv75/Dp75) of a cumulative 75% volume particle size (Dv75) from a larger volume particle size to a cumulative 75% number particle size (Dp75) from a larger number particle size of 1.0 to 1.20, and the number of toner particles having a particle size of 0.7×(Dp50) or less in an amount of not greater than 10 number %.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrophotographic lamination film which can be easily laminated by using the film as it is without significantly modifying a conventional electrophotographic device, can be printed with letters of high resolution directly on a surface of the film capable of softening at relatively low temperatures, and can form an image of high quality having sufficient heat resistance and light resistance with good recognizability even in outdoor use, as well as a method of producing the same and a method of forming an image. In the electrophotographic lamination film, a surface resistance of at least one surface of a substrate thereof is in a range of 108 to 1013 ?/?, and a Vicat softening temperature of the substrate is in a range of 70 to 130° C.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor including a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive substrate, wherein nitrate ion is present on the surface of the photosensitive layer in an amount of from 50 to 300 ?g per 1 m2 of the surface of the photosensitive layer when the nitrate ion is determined by an ion chromatographic method. Preferably a material having a fluorine atom and a carbon atom or a fatty acid metal salt such as zinc stearate is further present on the surface of the photosensitive layer such that the F/C ratio is from 0.05 to 0.5 or the Zn/C ratio is from 0.001 to 0.1. An image forming apparatus using the photoreceptor is also provided.

Abstract: An imaging member includes an electroconductive support containing an electroconductive layer thereon; thereover a first layer comprising a metal alkyloxide, an amino siloxane, and a color change material dispersed in a binder; wherein the color change material is a material that reversibly changes color in the presence of a Lewis base and which color change is reversible upon exposure to light; and a charge generating layer and a charge transport layer.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic laminated film and a method for producing the electrophotographic laminated film. The electrophotographic laminated film comprises a substrate and at least one of a coating layer and a function control means provided on a surface of the substrate. The uppermost layer of the coating layer has a surface resistance in a range of 1.0×108 to 1.0×1013 ?/?. The surface of the substrate preferably comprises at least one of a polycarbonate resin and a polyallylate resin. At least one of the coating layer and the function control means is preferably formed by providing a coating liquid. Further, a solvent contained in the coating liquid is preferably permits at least one of the coating layer and function control means to be formed while dissolving the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An image removing method including bringing an outermost layer of a removing member into contact with an image fixed on an image support without applying a liquid to the image while heating the image and the outermost layer; and separating the removing member from the image support to remove the image from the image support, wherein the removing member includes a substrate and the outermost layer which is located overlying the substrate and which includes a thermoplastic resin, and wherein the image includes a removing agent which can decrease adhesion force of the image to the image support when heated.

Abstract: An information recording medium including at least one electrophotographic laminate film in which a surface resistance of at least one surface is in a range of 108 to 1013 ?/?, and on which a toner image corresponding to information is formed; and an opaque core base material laminated on the surface of the electrophotographic laminate film, on which surface the toner image is formed.

Abstract: Since a fluorine treatment or the like is applied on a surface of an intermediate transfer belt (10), and thus, the surface bears water repelling property, when fixer (92) is supplied from a fixing apparatus (90) to surface parts of the intermediate transfer belt which are carrying a toner image, the fixer is present only on the toner parts. Namely, the fixer is not attached to surface parts which are not carrying the toner. Consequently, when the surface parts are pressed on transfer paper (P) for transferring and fixing, the fixer attached to the transfer paper is present only on the parts of the toner T. Thus, compared with a conventional case where fixer is imparted to entire transfer paper, a reduced quantity of the fixer is impregnated into the transfer paper, and thus, generation of curls and wrinkles of the transfer paper is restrained.

Abstract: A polyhydroxyalkanoate characterized by having in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1): wherein n may assume any one integral value within the range of from 1 to 8. Also disclosed are a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body; a charge control agent, a toner binder and a toner which contain this polyhydroxyalkanoate; and an image-forming method and an image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel organophotoreceptor that includes a photoconductive layer having a) a novel charge transport compound having the formula ?where R1 is a carbazole group, a julolidine group, or a p-(N,N-disubstituted)arylamine, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are, independently, an alkyl group or an aryl group, R7 and R8 are, independently, hydrogen, an alkyl group, or an aryl group, X is oxygen, sulfur, or a NR? group where R? is hydrogen, an alkyl, or an aryl group, and Y is a trivalent aryl group; (b) a charge generating compound; and wherein the at least one photoconductive layer is carried on an electrically conductive substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming an image that can stably provide an image for a long period of time is provided by using an electrophotographic photoreceptor having, as the outermost layer, a hard film containing one or more of a charge transporting organic silicon compound. It is an apparatus for forming an image containing a photoreceptor having, as an outermost layer, a hard film containing one or more of a charge transporting organic silicon compound represented by the following general formula (I), the outermost layer having a wear rate of about from 5 to 30 nm per 1,000 revolutions of the photoreceptor: F-[D-A]b.

Abstract: Since a fluorine treatment or the like is applied on a surface of an intermediate transfer belt (10), and thus, the surface bears water repelling property, when fixer (92) is supplied from a fixing apparatus (90) to surface parts of the intermediate transfer belt which are carrying a toner image, the fixer is present only on the toner parts. Namely, the fixer is not attached to surface parts which are not carrying the toner. Consequently, when the surface parts are pressed on transfer paper (P) for transferring and fixing, the fixer attached to the transfer paper is present only on the parts of the toner T. Thus, compared with a conventional case where fixer is imparted to entire transfer paper, a reduced quantity of the fixer is impregnated into the transfer paper, and thus, generation of curls and wrinkles of the transfer paper is restrained.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel PHA comprising a unit containing thioether with high reactivity, and its production method. The present invention also provides polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) comprising units having defined chemical formulas (1) and (2), and at least one of four units having defined chemical formulas (3), (4), (5) and (6); its production method; a charge control agent containing the PHA; a toner binder containing the charge control agent; an electrostatic latent image developing toner; and an image forming method and an image forming apparatus using the electrostatic latent image developing toner.

Abstract: A carrier for electrostatic development contains a core particle and a coating layer covering the core particle, and the core particle is a ferrite particle containing at least one of Zr in an amount of 0.005% by mass to 5% by mass and Bi in an amount of 0.001% by mass to 1% by mass. The carrier shows a sufficient resistance, is stably charged over a long period of time, can avoid roughness and irregular density in halftone images, prevents deposition of the carrier particles on a photoconductor, can satisfactorily reproduce character images and can produce high-quality images over a long period of time. The carrier is usable for constituting a developer, a container housing the developer, an image forming apparatus and process, and process cartridge using the developer.

Abstract: A method of electronic processing of an imagewise exposed dispersed particle photoconductive material imaging element employing pulsed radiation and radio frequency photoconductivity apparatus having a sample capacitor with a gap is described, comprising the steps of: a) placing the imagewise exposed photoconductive material imaging element in an electromagnetic field adjacent the sample capacitor; b) scanning the element through the gap in the sample capacitor with a pulsed, focused beam of radiation; c) directly measuring the photoelectron response of the element and recording the resulting signals from the radio frequency photoconductivity apparatus; and d) advancing the element past the capacitor and repeating steps b) and c); wherein the photoconductive material imaging element comprises photoconductive particles which contain deep electron trapping agents which in an unfilled state effectively decrease the photoconductivity of the photoconductor particles, and wherein imagewise exposure of the photocond

Abstract: A weather resistant sign and a method of printing a sign including the steps of providing a sign component and an image definition, applying dry toner powder to surface portions corresponding to the image definition, and fusing the applied toner. Preferably, the fused toner is protected from weather by a transparent protective layer. A toner composition and a computer program for printing are also disclosed.

Abstract: An information recording medium including at least one electrophotographic laminate film in which a surface resistance of at least one surface is in a range of 108 to 1013 &OHgr;/□, and on which a toner image corresponding to information is formed; and an opaque core base material laminated on the surface of the electrophotographic laminate film, on which surface the toner image is formed.

Abstract: A polyhydroxyalkanoate characterized by having in the molecule a unit represented by Chemical Formula (1): wherein n may assume any one integral value within the range of from 1 to 8. Also disclosed are a process for producing the polyhydroxyalkanoate by the use of a microorganism having the ability to produce the polyhydroxyalkanoate and accumulate it in the bacterial body; a charge control agent, a toner binder and a toner which contain this polyhydroxyalkanoate; and an image-forming method and an image-forming apparatus which make use of the toner.

Abstract: A method for removing organic material in the fabrication of structures includes providing a substrate assembly having an exposed organic material and removing at least a portion of the exposed organic material using a composition including sulfur trioxide (SO3) in a supercritical state. For example, the exposed organic material may be selected from the group of resist material, photoresist residue, UV-hardened resist, X-ray hardened resist, carbon-fluorine containing polymers, plasma etch residues, and organic impurities from other processes. Further, organic material removal compositions for performing such methods are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrophotographic laminated film and a method for producing the electrophotographic laminated film. The electrophotographic laminated film comprises a substrate and at least one of a coating layer and a function control means provided on a surface of the substrate. The uppermost layer of the coating layer has a surface resistance in a range of 1.0×108 to 1.0×1013 &OHgr;/□. The surface of the substrate preferably comprises at least one of a polycarbonate resin and a polyallylate resin. At least one of the coating layer and the function control means is preferably formed by providing a coating liquid. Further, a solvent contained in the coating liquid is preferably permits at least one of the coating layer and function control means to be formed while dissolving the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An image removing method including bringing an outermost layer of a removing member into contact with an image fixed on an image support without applying a liquid to the image while heating the image and the outermost layer; and separating the removing member from the image support to remove the image from the image support, wherein the removing member includes a substrate and the outermost layer which is located overlying the substrate and which includes a thermoplastic resin, and wherein the image includes a removing agent which can decrease adhesion force of the image to the image support when heated.

Abstract: A controlled modulus fusing-station member inclusive of a durable, tough, elastically deformable layer incorporating hollow flexible filler particles. The elastically deformable layer is preferably a single layer on a substrate, the substrate preferably a core member of a fuser roller or a pressure roller. The elastically deformable layer is made from a dry formulation inclusive of: a fluoro-thermoplastic polymer powder; microspheres in the form of unexpanded microspheres or expanded microballoons; and solid filler particles including strength-enhancing filler particles and thermal-conductivity-enhancing filler particles. The dry formulation can be thermally cured or electron-beam cured. Preferably, the dry formulation is thermally cured and further includes a curing catalyst, preferably a peroxide catalyst. Alternatively, the curing catalyst can be a bisphenol residue.

Abstract: A composition for combating toner marking, in the form of a particulate material dispersed in release agent.

Abstract: A process for crosslinking an image comprising applying ultraviolet light to an image comprised of a toner containing an unsaturated resin and colorant.

Abstract: There is provided an electrophotographic method, in which influence on an image quality attributable to the conditions of the photoreceptor surface is reduced and much sharper and high image quality having high resolution is obtained, when a spot size of the exposure light is made finer as progress is made in high resolution. In a digital exposure system electrophotographic method of a BAE system which performs scan-exposing for an image formation on a photoreceptor, a photoreceptor comprising a supporting member 401 comprising aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a photosensitive layer 402 deposited on the supporting member surface by applying surface treatment using water on its surface, on which a convex structure is formed corresponding to a boundary portion of a crystal grain boundary of the supporting member surface is used.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is directed to a print media coating device that includes a web supply, a web take-up, a fuser, and a web cooler downstream in the media path from the fuser. A coating material web runs from the web supply, along the media path through the fuser and the cooler, to the web take-up.

Abstract: A transparent coat layer forming apparatus of the present invention includes: a heat-fixing device provided with a fixing belt; a particle layer forming apparatus for forming a particle layer made of transparent toner on the fixing belt of the heat-fixing device; plural rollers including a transfer roller for stretching a transfer region of the fixing belt to which the particle layer is transferred from the particle layer forming apparatus in a plane shape; and a retract mechanism for retracting the fixing belt stretched inaplane shapeby the plural rollers including the transfer roller from the particle layer forming apparatus, wherein the particle layer is formed on the fixing belt by the particle layer forming apparatus, and the particle layer formed on the fixing belt of the heat-fixing device is overlapped with a transfer material with an image transferred thereto in a fixing nip portion, followed by heating and pressurizing, whereby a transparent coat layer made of the particle layer is formed on the tra

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier for electrophotography, which is capable of charging the toner in the developer very rapidly to a target electrostatic charge and at the same time, is capable of maintaining the target electrostatic charge during printing, so that the chemical fogging related to the slow charging rate can be eliminated and the image density related to the maintenance of the electrostatic charge can be preserved during printing. The charging rate and the charge maintenance of the electrophotographic carrier can be preserved if the carrier composed of magnetic core particles and the resin coat satisfies the following equation (B)>[(−19.4)×(A)+31], wherein (A) represents a carbon content (weight %) of the carrier and (B) represents a ratio of the square root of the number of emitted photoelectrons ((CPS)½) and the photon energy (eV).

Abstract: The invention comprises a method of preparing an imaged member comprising a substrate having an imagable coating on a face thereof, the method comprising the steps of: