Abstract: An improved heating torch having the usual fuel and oxygen passageways and valves for controlling the flow of the respective components, mixer for mixing fuel and oxygen, and tip for flowing the admixture exteriorly thereof for burning to heat a work piece or the like, the improvement being characterized by a multiple piece tip that is spring loaded such that one or more internals can be spring loaded to be retained within a shell that is affixed to an end piece of the tip. The end piece fastens to the end of an elbow connected with the mixer, and has the shell disposed about the end piece; and one or more tip internals are disposed inside and biased toward their normal assembled position by a spring or the like. Different sized heating tips are readily formed by simply adding internals and larger sized end pieces and shells to form one or more rings of grooves defined by splines that can be easily manufactured and assembled.

Abstract: A cooking station for gas ranges whose burner works with super-stoichiometric combustion air premixing. The burner head arranged in a burner tray is connected with a mixing pipe via a ceramic insulating ring. Between the burner head bottom and the burner head lid with the flat topside, we have two perforated flame opening rings which are arranged concentrically with respect to the burner axis, which are resistant to heat and which are resistant to oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. The perforation of the inner flame-opening ring is so dimensioned that the flames cannot backfire. Below the burner tray there is arranged a reflector. The cooking station can be covered with a glass ceramics plate. The invention achieves stable flame performance, perfect combustion, and waste gas poor in harmful substances at nominal load and at small adjustment heat load within a vast utilization field of gases with differing Wobbe indexes as well as a start-up cooking efficiency improvement compared to known burners.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and method for burning liquid fuel or atomizing liquid are disclosed for use in fuel burners or atomizers of the type which comprise a hollow atomizer bulb (20) having a smooth, preferably convex exterior surface (22) which tapers toward a small aperture (14) through which high pressure air or other gas is forced to atomize liquid as it flows in a thin film over the exterior surface of the bulb. Such atomizer bulbs are located within an atomizing chamber (12) through which a flow of air or other gas is directed toward a discharge opening (16,16') aligned with the aperture (24) of the atomizer bulb. To protect the thin film of liquid flowing over the exterior surface of the bulb, the bulb is enclosed within a shield (54-64) which also permits the atomizer bulb to be located closer to the discharge opening (16,16') so that the flame front (F) is positioned in the flame tube (48) rather than in the discharge opening.

Abstract: A fuel inlet assembly for a fuel reactor which has an inner shell mounted coaxially within an outer shell, which is closed at one axial end, the outer shell having an inlet for introducing combustion air into the annular space between the inner and outer shells, the other end of the inner shell being spaced from the inlet assembly which is mounted at the other end of the outer shell, the fuel inlet assembly including a base plate which is mountable on said other end of the outer shell, and having a fuel inlet aperture therein.

Abstract: A wick-type combustion apparatus for liquid fuels comprises: a pair of cylindrical walls extending vertically and opposed to each other with a gap; a cylindrical wick vertically movable as guided between and along the walls; a slit-form cylindrical fuel passage opening provided in the outer wall and adapted to be opened and closed by the descent and ascent, respectively, of the wick; a fuel trap chamber provided around the opening in communication therewith; and a cylindrical porous member vertically extending in the chamber.A flame or flames remaining after the descent of the wick can be instantaneously blown out by a blast of an explosive combustion which occurs in the fuel trap chamber. The porous member serves to reduce the amount of unburnt fuel used for the explosive combustion, so that an abnormal rise of flame or flames attendant with the explosion can be prevented.

Abstract: A warming apparatus uses a gas burner which comprises a burner body and a plurality of tubular flame nozzles projecting radially from the burner body. The tubular nozzles have an internal diametr which ranges from about 1 mm to about 4 mm, and the projecting length of the tubular nozzles which extends from the burner body is within a range of from about 10 mm to about 40 mm. The nozzles have axially directed nozzle openings. The warming apparatus comprises the gas burner in combination with first and second radiators and a heat interception plate positioned between the burner body and the radiators.

Abstract: A flame arrestor device capable of checking flashback when incorporated in a system utilizing one or more detonatable gases under pressure for controlled energy release purposes, the device being generally installed in series having one or more gas sources upstream while gas conducting means and ignition means are arranged downstream of a membrane barrier mounted and secured to a supporting means which is, in turn, mounted within an arrestor housing with provision for gaps of limited size on the upstream and downstream side of the membrane barrier to permit gas flow. The invention includes built in or separate ignition means downstream of the membrane barrier.

Abstract: An improvement in a cutting torch assembly that obviates the tendency to have flashback and sustained burning with certain fuels, including cutting oxygen valve and passageway, preheat oxygen valve and passageway, fuel gas valve and passageway, a head having a tip end for having a tip affixed thereto and having a head passageway for cutting oxygen and a head passageway for mixture of fuel and oxygen, the improvement being characterized by an integral head mixer having within the head an incoming preheat oxygen passageway and incoming fuel passageway, a mixer insert disposed within the incoming fuel passageway and having engaging seal means for constraining the fuel to flow through the insert, the insert having a centrally disposed bore communicating at its inlet end with the incoming fuel passageway and terminating in a plurality of at least three apertured passageways that flow the fuel into intimate admixture with the preheat oxygen in the annular space thereabout.

Abstract: A spectroanalytical instrument includes burner structure and a nebulizer for furnishing sample in fog form for flow through a premix chamber to the burner structure. Flow structure extending from a chamber port to a drain port provides a condensate flow path from the chamber to a drain. Trap structure is disposed in series in the flow path between the chamber port and the drain port, and drain line closure apparatus is switched between a first condition in which the drain line is closed and a second condition in which the drain line is opened by a control responsive to liquid in the trap structure such that the drain line is initially closed and is opened automatically in response to accumulation of condensate liquid in the trap structure to enable maintenance of positive pressure in the premix chamber.

Abstract: For use in a welding system which uses combustible gases and the like, a flash arrester comprising a main body having an opening therethrough and including a frusto-conical seat, and a ball cage body positioned in the main body and having an axial opening therein. The ball cage body has a frusto-conical seat complementary to the first-mentioned seat of the main body. The other end of the ball cage body has axially extending slots to provide spaced axially extending fingers. The fingers have frusto-conical surfaces. A ball seat member is provided on the other end of the main body and has a frusto-conical ball seat. A ceramic ball is provided between the fingers and is freely movable between the second valve seat and the ball seat.

Abstract: A process to protect oil production installations from heat radiation given off by the flame of a gas-burning flare. In said process, a heat-shield is installed a short distance below the flare nozzle, to protect installations from at least part of the heat radiated by the flare flame.

Abstract: When explosive gases are introduced into a combustion chamber care must be taken that no pre-ignition occurs. To this end, the gas is spatially subdivided into discrete volume elements, for example by means of a bundle of tubes having an internal diameter which does not exceed twice the quenching distance of the explosive gases. Such a division ensures that the wall distances of the gas portions of one volume element are greater than their quenching distances.

Abstract: A portable safety flare for combustion of waste gases is disclosed for the combustion of combustible gas from oil wells, combustible waste gas from oil refineries and chemical plants, and particularly where it is not desired to go to the expense of installing a flare stack or for use in exploratory operations close to residential areas, or where the flare stack is not functional so that shut-down of the refinery would be required until the flare stack is repaired, and which preferably includes a vehicular trailer body with a floor and having stabilizing supports and side walls movable from closed positions for transport to elevated and heat shielding positions for use, and with provisions for noise suppression, the floor having waste gas burners thereabove with pilots and ignitors for staged combustion of the gas, the floor and walls being protected against the heat generated by the combustion, the trailer having sources of pressure fluid for operating various components and a source of igniting gas, and a mo

Abstract: A device for preventing backfire of inflammable gases comprising a cylinder, a balance spring, and a repelling magnet case. The cylinder holds both a valve casing whose rear edge shuts a gas induction passage when the casing is pushed backward by high pressure, and a check valve which contains a repelling magnet and which shuts and opens a gas supplying passage and a flow-way formed in the valve casing. The repelling magnet case, which is pushed backward by the balance spring, contains a repelling magnet aligned face-to-face with a magnet that is contained in the check valve.

Abstract: For use in a welding system which uses combustible gases and the like, a flash arrester comprising a main body having an opening therethrough and including a frusto-conical seat, and a ball cage body positioned in the main body and having an axial opening therein. The ball cage body has a frusto-conical seat complementary to the first-mentioned seat of the main body. The other end of the ball cage body has axially extending slots to provide spaced axially extending fingers. The fingers have frusto-conical surfaces. A ball seat member is provided on the other end of the main body and has a frusto-conical ball seat. A ceramic ball is provided between the fingers and is freely movable between the second valve seat and the ball seat.

Abstract: An improved gas mixer is described in which combustible or explosive mixtures of gases are formed in a confined area on the outside surface of the mixer.

Abstract: A gas pipe has positioned in the interior thereof, and along the entire length thereof, a loose gas displacement body formed of an incombustible material, such as mineral wool or glass wool. The body may be a hollow cylinder divided longitudinally, and further divided into partial bodies placed within the pipe in serial succession.

Abstract: In combination with a plurality of gas burning appliances and a gas source therefor, a gas distribution system having a main feed line connected at one end thereof to the gas source, a manifold feed means having a single inlet connected to another end of said main feed line and having a plurality of outlets, and a plurality of individual flexible feed lines each connected at one end thereof to each of the plurality of outlets of the manifold feed means, and connected at another end thereof to each inlet of the plurality of gas burning appliances. The individual feed lines are connected with at least one of the said burning appliances or the manifold means with a shutoff, quick disconnect coupling, which may have a fusible safety cutoff means including an element which responds to excessive heat to effect closing of a valve in said quick disconnect coupling to thereby block propagation of a flame wave through the coupling.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing the discharge of gasoline dispensing station hydrocarbon vapors into the atmosphere comprising an incinerator which is utilized to burn a mixture of the hydrocarbon vapors and air supplied by an air compressor. Control means are provided to insure that the velocity of the hydrocarbon vapors supplied to the incinerator is at least 10 feet per second and the pressure of the air entering the incinerator is at least 3 inches of water above atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A high capacity, quiet burner for a hot air heating system for use in heating the top and bottom ends of a plastic coated carton, or the like, and which has a tubular burner body provided with a chamber therein which is open at an outlet end and enclosed at an inlet end. A burner nozzle is mounted in the burner body chamber adjacent the inlet end, and a mixture of primary air and fuel is conveyed into the burner nozzle and ignited by a spark plug. Secondary air under pressure is conveyed into the burner body chamber, for flow around the burner nozzle for heating the secondary air and for mixing the secondary air with combustion gases formed by the combustion of the mixture of primary air and fuel in the burner nozzle, and for subsequent discharge through the outlet end of the burner body chamber onto a carton end to be heated. The burner nozzle is provided with a screen pack for dividing the primary air and gas mixture into fine segments, and with a fiberglass filter means for reducing fluid flow noises.

Abstract: A combustor for a gas turbine is shown having a catalytic reactor element to promote low temperature combustion of the fuel. An air-fuel premix chamber is provided in the upstream end of the combustor arrangement to produce a mixture which is substantially uniform throughout a plane transverse to the direction of flow of the mixture just prior to the catalytic element. The premix chamber comprises a short cylindrical member of less diameter than the shell of the combustor and closed at the upstream end, with the opposite end discharging directly to the catalytic element. The upstream portion of the walls of the cylinder contain apertures so that the air and fuel introduced into the upstream end of the combustor must flow axially into the annular space between the shell and the chamber, then the flow is abruptly changed to a somewhat radial component to enter the apertures and then the flow is again abruptly changed to an axial direction to enter the catalytic reactor.

Abstract: An explosion resistant gas valve in which a valve actuating mechanism in the form of a bimetallic strip is operated by an electric heat motor. An explosion containment structure is provided about the electric heat motor to isolate it from the path of gas flow. A plurality of pressure relief apertures extend through the sides of the containment structure.

Abstract: A system for the transmission and conversion of the potential energy of hydrocarbon fuels to available heat, power and light. The system is particularly adapted for use with natural gas, artificial gases or any of the LPG fuels such as propane, butane, etc. According to the system of the invention, the fuel gas is mixed with air preferably in the amount providing the stoichiometric ratio of oxygen and is stored under pressure and ultimately transmitted to burner elements which are hermetically sealed except for the inlet and discharge ports, such as tubes, power sources, such as captive and free piston devices and gas turbines and light sources. The system includes special forms of equipment for mixing the gas and air and special forms of equipment for establishing and controlling the combustion processes.

Abstract: Apparatus for flaring combustible waste gases from oil refineries and the like including a vertical flare stack, a continuously burning pilot burner mounted adjacent the flare stack and a temporary flame retention burner mounted in close proximity to the pilot burner. The pilot burner is provided with a venturi for producing a combustible air-gas mixture and a spark producing device which ignites the combustible mixture in the burner thereby producing a flame front which travels to the top of the burner and ignites the temporary flame retention burner. After the spent gas has been purged from the pilot burner by continuing to flow combustible gas therethrough, the pilot burner is reignited by the flame retention burner, the latter then being extinguished by shutting off its supply.

Abstract: A flame arrester having a rectangular housing of internal width W, length L and heighth H filled with a plurality of contiguous convoluted planar laminae. Each lamina is comprised of a thin sheet of metal formed with a plurality of spaced parallel shallow channels of selected depth D. As the laminae are placed in the housing in parallel contiguous contact to fill the cross-section of the housing, there will be a great plurality of narrow slots of width D through which the gas will pass to the flame area. Means may be provided in the form of shallow protrusions of heighth D pressed into the metal in the flat areas of the sheet in order to insure that the spacing between sheets at all points is close to the value D.

Abstract: In a vapor recovery system, vapors are drawn into a combustible fluid storage tank as the fluid is pumped into a vehicle fuel tank. The storage tank need not have provision for the aspiration of a carrier gas to remove the vapors. At a threshold pressure, a pressure sensing switch is tripped to pass vapors to a combustion chamber. An ignitor ignites the delivered vapors. A flame detector senses the presence of burning gases. A relay is responsive to the flame detector and latchs open a timing mechanism. If no flame is detected, the timing mechanism causes an interruption in the flow of vapors. A flame arrestor prevents a flame flashback in the vapor line. A temperature sensing switch interrupts the flow of vapors in the event it senses flame flashback. An auxiliary disposal circuit is operable to process high pressure vapors due to storage tank refilling.

Abstract: After a combustion chamber is filled with a combustion mixture of gases, channels extending upward from the valves for admitting the gas components of the mixture to a gas inlet bore are flooded with a quantity of water injected through an additional valve by a hydraulically driven piston. After the hydraulic pressure behind the piston is turned off, the water chamber in front of the piston is refilled by the inflow of water at water line pressure, which is not sufficiently high enough in pressure to reopen the water outlet valve until the piston is again driven.