Abstract: A refreshable Braille display created by movable actuators having discrete surfaces bearing protrusions. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a pair of actuators has discrete surfaces bearing portions of Braille characters, so that when the pair is read together, the entire Braille characters may be read. Movement of the actuators, which may be rotating discs, may be controlled by electromechanical and/or electronic devices.

Abstract: A braille reading-writing device includes a body and a plurality of braille buttons. The body has a first surface and a second surface. The braille buttons are disposed through the body. Each of the braille buttons includes a pressing portion located at the same side with the first surface and a touching portion located at the same side with the second surface. The touching portion protrudes from the second surface when the pressing portion is pressed. The braille reading-writing device allows the blind people to write braille on the first surface and to touch to read the written braille on the second surface, thereby integrating the functions of writing and reading braille.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device that provides a user with tactile feedback using a tactile user interface. The display device includes a touch sensitive display unit to display an object, a tactile feedback unit to generate tactile feedback, and a controller. The controller detects a first touch that is in contact with a region of a first object displayed on the display unit, detects a second touch controlling the first object that is consecutive to the first touch, controls the first object in response to the second touch, generates first tactile feedback according to properties of the first object in response to the second touch, detects a third touch controlling the first object that is consecutive to the second touch, the third touch being detected in a region of a second object displayed on the display unit, and generates the first tactile feedback in response to the third touch.

Abstract: A device 10 comprised of a plurality of evenly spaced tactile actuators 11 arranged in the form of a generally C-shaped structure and worn snug around the neck 20 by a subject 30 to apply tactile stimuli to the subject's neck skin. An electronic controller operated by a computer program controls the actuators 11 of the device 10 based on signals received from an external source. The device impresses sequences of tactile stimuli around the subject's neck to provide intelligible information, cues and warnings or certain game-related sensations.

Abstract: A Braille-character display device includes a movable pin array, a plurality of movable pin pressing parts, a Braille-character generating part and a movable pin controlling part. The movable pin array has a plurality of movable pins arranged in a matrix form. The plurality of movable pin pressing parts presses the plurality of movable pins, respectively. The Braille-character generating part generates Braille characters. The movable pin controlling part allows the movable pin pressing parts to press the movable pins corresponding to a pattern of the generated Braille characters.

Abstract: An active interface control shiftable between deployed and stowed configurations, and including an active material actuator employing a bi-stable mechanism configured to increase the actuator stroke length, and/or presenting intrinsic or external sensing capability, and reconfigurable displays comprising separately shiftable sets of controls.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for inputting braille in a portable terminal. The apparatus includes an input unit including an input button for receiving an input from a user; and a control unit for determining a dot position of a braille input unit based on the input from the user.

Abstract: The Tactile Sudoku Game Display for the Blind has 4 control buttons used by the blind game player to manually direct the attached computer to change the current game square up and down and left and right. The Game Display has 27 electromechanically raised and lowered dots similar to Braille dots arranged in 3 squares each with 9 dots arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The raised dots in the Game Display's lower-right square communicate the current status of 1 of the 81 Sudoku game squares to the blind game player by touch. And 1 raised dot in each of the Game Display's other 2 squares communicates the column number and row number of the current game square to the blind game player by touch. The game author's given starting game squares have only 1 of the 9 dots raised; and, the blind game player touches and depresses all but 1 of the 9 dots in each remaining game square to complete the game.

Abstract: A system and method for a touch display system. The a touch display system includes: a flat touch display assembly including a matrix of flat Braille pixels, wherein each flat Braille pixel is operable to be placed in one of two states. A heating source is selectively connected to each flat Braille pixel. A cooling source selectively connected to each flat Braille pixel. The flat Braille pixels are configured to represent images to touch by selective heating and cooling thereof. In one embodiment, the above described display can be used in combination with software that automatically converts text to Braille which is displayed using the flat touch display assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus, system and method are presented for improving the accessibility to self-service terminals by the visually impaired. An apparatus is provided that when attached to a touch-screen display improves accessibility. The apparatus includes touch identifiable symbols. A user operates a self-service terminal by selecting the appropriate symbol on the apparatus in response to audible instructions from the terminal.

Abstract: For providing a tactile feedback to a user of a device, textual or graphical information is converted into instructions for a sequence of pulses representing the information. An actuator is then caused to move at least a part of a display according to the obtained instructions.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for converting data into Braille text and permitting scrolling of a Braille display are provided. Embodiments may include a Braille display configured to present Braille text, a control device configured to allow a user to at least partially control scrolling of the Braille text, communication circuitry configured to transmit and receive data, and a processor that is operably coupled to the Braille display and communication circuitry, wherein the processor is configured to convert at least portions of data received by the communication circuitry into Braille text for presentation by the Braille display. Embodiments may further include a memory for storing Braille text.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refreshable Braille display device comprised of a rotary character display assembly which can display a refreshable Braille character in the plane of the rotary display assembly. Also disclosed is a method of displaying a refreshable Braille character.

Abstract: A dot unit includes an opening formed in a housing and a protruding member disposed in the opening. The protruding member is rotatably supported by a support shaft. The protruding member is rotated by a polymer actuator in a direction that follows a reading direction in which a unit of information is read, and the protruding member is stabilized in a protruding position by contacting a restricting portion. When a finger is moved in the reading direction and contacts the protruding member, the protruding member is likely to be stabilized in the protruding position.

Abstract: Actuators are disposed between a lower wiring substrate and an upper wiring substrate. The actuators, the lower wiring substrate, and the upper wiring substrate are interposed between a lower frame and an upper frame. The end of each actuator is held between pushing parts of the lower frame and upper frame. The free ends of the actuators move projections upward that are displayed in a tactile display.

Abstract: A Braille writing device capable of processing information, comprises a motherboard (10) including a plurality of Braille cells (11) arranged in rows and columns, each cell consists of six dot-shaped recesses or pinholes, a sub-board (20) is configured to be inserted into a flute (12) being provided at each of left and right margins of the motherboard and moveable along the flute, a plurality of marks (13) are provided on an outer surface of the flutes (12), and a detent member (30) is formed between each two of the marks (13) in the inner side of the flute (12) and configured to prevent the moveable sub-board from being moved during writing. A Braille information processor (40) is fixed on a concave formed on the backside of the motherboard (10), comprising a circuit board (41), a central processing unit (42), a plurality of Braille trigger switch groups (44) each of which consists of six trigger switches (43), and an infrared transmitter (45).

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is a haptic motion feedback mechanism. One embodiment of an apparatus for communicating motion in a virtual space includes a base and a feedback mechanism coupled to the base, the feedback mechanism using forced air to convey motion in the virtual space. In another embodiment, a method for communicating motion in a virtual space using a feedback mechanism includes receiving a signal indicative of user motion from a computing device on which the virtual space is running and forcing air through the feedback mechanism in order to convey the user motion.

Abstract: Methods for patients to communicate non-verbally with caregivers, including the steps of providing a communication device including a plurality of paddles and an organizing device, selecting a chosen message from the message set to communicate to a caregiver, selecting a selected paddle from the plurality of paddles corresponding to the chosen message, and communicating the message to a caregiver manipulating the selected paddle. Communication devices according to this disclosure include a support extending from a first end to a second end opposite the first end, a support opening proximate the first end of the support, and a banner member transversely mounted to the second end of the support, the banner member being configured to communicate a unique message, the plurality of unique messages on the plurality of paddles defining a message set. The organizing device is routed through the support opening of each paddle to moveably retain the plurality of paddles together.

Abstract: A tactile display apparatus includes a plurality of stimulation pins in contact with a skin; an operating unit for vertically moving the stimulation pins; and a housing accommodating the stimulation pins and the operating unit, the housing having an opening in one surface thereof such that the stimulation pins protrude outward. Here, the plurality of stimulation pins are arranged such that a contact area occupied by front ends of the stimulation pins is smaller than an area occupied by rear ends of the stimulation pins.

Abstract: A tactile identification and classification system including a tab having an adhesive layer, a first field on the tab having at least one first projection, in which the first field defines a main category of items. Also included is a second field on the tab having at least one second projection. Further, the at least one second projection differs from the at least one first projection in shape or size, and the second field defines a sub category of items corresponding to the main category of items.

Abstract: One embodiment of a unique method of enabling hotels to provide visually impaired patrons the ability to use all toiletries typically found in a hotel bathroom is envisioned. Said method involves supplying a hotel with an assortment of all toiletries the hotel would need to fully stock their bathrooms in a visually impaired toiletry kit. Such a visually impaired toiletry kit would ensure that all hotel guests benefit equally from complementary conditioners, shampoos and other accompaniments supplied as a courtesy by the hotel.

Abstract: Method of transmitting tactile information to a tactile display with a touch plate containing pads, the touch plate being controlled by a server, in which, (a) tactile information is defined as being a sequence of a predefined number of images together forming a pattern, each image having a rank in the pattern, each pattern being defined by: a design of successive images a duration for each image, a duration between consecutive images, a duration between consecutive patterns; (b) said word is transmitted to a tactile display server, preceded by a beacon indicating that data following the beacon must be directed to the touch plate control server; (c) a series of instructions is activated when the server receives the word, this series having a start address that depends on said word, said series of instructions being used to display the successive images together forming the pattern corresponding to the word to be displayed, said series of instructions being repeated to display the same pattern a predefin

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for autonomous learning of Braille by an unsighted user. The system allows the unsighted user to pass a card over an RFID reader so as to trigger an audible response that is indicative of an indicia (Braille word or character) embossed on the card. The embossed card further comprises an RFID tag and a series of raised indicia surfaces representative of a Braille-based word or character. The tag transmits a signal indicative of the word or character to the receiving (via receiver) micro-controller which will convert the signal to an audible tone to be transmitted through an output device. The system has a memory which holds a library of tones corresponding to a signal to be converted. An autonomous record mode allows the system user to record an audio input to be stored in the library, or utilize an interface port, or removable memory, for downloading an input.

Abstract: A system (10) for assisting a sight impaired individual to attain information, the system including a pattern (15) of one or more elements (20), the one or more elements (20) being configured to emit electromagnetic radiation, wherein the individual senses an aspect of the electromagnetic radiation and attains the information in accordance with the pattern (15) and the sensed aspect.

Abstract: A remote Braille education system and device is disclosed. In one embodiment, a remote Braille education system includes a first computer system at a first location, second computer systems associated with visually impaired individuals at a second location, and a server. The first computer system includes an input device, and a display device, and each of the second computer systems includes an electronic Braille device(s). The input device is configured for communicating a first set of characters to the electronic Braille device via the server. The electronic Braille device is configured for embossing the first set of characters on a printing medium. Furthermore, the electronic Braille device is configured for transmitting a second set of characters inputted by the visually impaired individual(s) via the server. The display device is configured for displaying the second set of characters received from said one or more of the second computer systems.

Abstract: An assistive reading device for visually impaired users comprises a sheet-like member containing a photo-active material. The sheet-like member responds to light patterns representing data from a patterned light source to form tactile shapes on its surface. The visually impaired user obtains information by touching the tactile shapes. Preferably, the photo-active material is a layer of cross linked azobenzene liquid-crystalline polymers. The assistive reading device preferably is an output device for a computer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refreshable Braille display device comprised of a rotary character display assembly which can display a refreshable Braille character in the plane of the rotary display assembly. Also disclosed is a method of displaying a refreshable Braille character.

Abstract: A reading device for blind or visually impaired persons for recognizing and reading text passages comprises an image capturing unit being configured to capture an image of an environment of a blind or visually impaired person and to output image data corresponding thereto, an image processing unit being configured to process the image data such that text is recognized and extracted from the image data and to output text data corresponding thereto, a text outputting unit being configured to output data corresponding to the text data in a form noticeable or convertable to be noticeable by the blind or visually impaired person, and a housing comprising a first part and a second part, the first part having the image capturing unit attached thereto and the second part accommodating the image processing unit and the text outputting unit.

Abstract: The present invention describes a series of embodiments that permit the characterization of digital information (i.e. pixels from screen, data from sensors, etc.) onto analogical tactile air-fluxes perception of such data (such as hue, lightness, saturation, and chromaticity, among others), by using software, hardware and pneumatic embodiments to form an apparatus targeted originally for visually impaired people, but with applications to other types of users as well. Such characterizations are based in the change of three different variables affecting directly each single the apparatus' air fluxes: pressure, frequency and heat. This patent also includes the mode of using any Operating System's windowing elements, such as window's borders, menu, etc., into such representation executed and supplied by the apparatus. The use of a mouse, its movement and clicking are also described as part of this invention.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an improved refreshable tactile display apparatus including a housing, bias compression springs, sliding blocks, pins, and a shape memory alloy wire. The sliding block is actuated by the interaction between the bias compression spring and the shape memory alloy wire. The shape memory alloy wire is then activated by current driven from a power supply in either a modulated or unmodulated fashion.

Abstract: A method and device for entering data is provided wherein the pressing of up to two combinations of proximate keys on a keypad concurrently sends a signal or signals from the keypad to a processor. The processor receives the signal or signals and identifies a character, symbol, or function associated with the signal or signals and reports the same. In one embodiment, the keypad used for entering the data has a configuration of three columns and four rows. A method of identifying a character, symbol, or function comprises comparing the signal or signals to a data set of associated characters, symbols, or functions wherein the data set is mapped to said signal or signals with a modified Braille cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a refreshable Braille display device comprised of a rotary character display assembly which can display a refreshable Braille character in the plane of the rotary display assembly. Also disclosed is a method of displaying a refreshable Braille character.

Abstract: An identifier device, which may be part of a tracking or similar transponder device, which can be removably coupled to an article to be identified or tracked. Data representing the identity of the article is encoded in the form of a pattern, and can be read by the identifier device when correctly engaged to the article, by sampling the pattern so as to extract the data encoded therein for transmission. The pattern may be a relief pattern, for example in the form of bumps and pits such as a Braille pattern, or magnetic domains, or the like.

Abstract: A haptic module using a magnetic force and an electronic apparatuses having a magnet arrangement frame arranged so that polarities of adjacent magnets are alternate; shielding screens positioned on uppers of each of frame elements of the magnet arrangement frame and formed in a window arrangement to shield any one polarity of the frame elements; linear movement apparatus fixed to outside portions of the shielding screens to move the shielding screens in a longitudinal direction of the frame element; a magnet frame positioned on an upper of the magnet arrangement frame through the shielding screen and taking on the same polarity on the whole of one surface thereof; and a controller that controls the linear movement apparatus to provide various and dynamic force feedback and tactile sensation to a user, as well as reduce complexity of a constitution as compared to a related art and further accomplish miniaturization.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit; and an identification mark imparting unit that imparts an identification mark which is identifiable by a sense of touch on the recording paper on which an image is formed by the image forming unit.

Abstract: A user system for detection and access of hyperlinks within a Braille document. A hyperlink table is generated and includes for each touched item on a page of the Braille document: identification of the touched item, a hyperlink associated with the touched item, and spatial coordinates of the touched item on the page of the Braille document. After the hyperlink table is generated, a proximity sensing foil placed under a Braille page senses the position of a user's fingertips and provides coordinates of the sensed position on the Braille page. A distance between the sensed position and spatial coordinates stored in the hyperlink table is determined to be less than a predetermined distance, resulting in alerting the user via a signal, identifying a hyperlink in the hyperlink table associated with the sensed position, retrieving information from a destination address associated with the identified hyperlink, and displaying the retrieved information.

Abstract: A tactile identification and classification system including a tab having an adhesive layer, a first field on the tab having at least one first projection, in which the first field defines a main category of items. Also included is a second field on the tab having at least one second projection. Further, the at least one second projection differs from the at least one first projection in shape or size, and the second field defines a sub category of items corresponding to the main category of items.

Abstract: The Tactile Sudoku Game Display for the Blind has 4 control buttons used by the blind game player to manually direct the attached computer to change the current game square up and down and left and right. The Game Display has 27 electromechanically raised and lowered dots similar to Braille dots arranged in 3 squares each with 9 dots arranged in 3 rows and 3 columns. The raised dots in the Game Display's lower-right square communicate the current status of 1 of the 81 Sudoku game squares to the blind game player by touch. And 1 raised dot in each of the Game Display's other 2 squares communicates the column number and row number of the current game square to the blind game player by touch. The game author's given starting game squares have only 1 of the 9 dots raised; and, the blind game player touches and depresses all but 1 of the 9 dots in each remaining game square to complete the game.

Abstract: A reduced number of selectable inputs that enable efficient communication. Simplified tactile and optically machine readable code of raised embossments, particularly for unsighted and visually impaired persons is provided, in which each character is represented by a cell of indicia of an intuitive systematic code. For the alphabet, the cells are configured in ordered positions, which correspond to the order of the alphabet, and thereby, assist in tactile perception so that a person may easily identify the character by touch. Also, optical machines are enabled to easily read the characters; and a keyboard is provided for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of facilitating the identification of portable consumer articles at a point of purchase display, the method including the steps of: providing a plurality of portable consumer articles each with tactilely sensible information thereon that identifies at least one of: a) a general nature of the article and/or its contents; and b) a provider of the article; and displaying the plurality of articles at the point of purchase display in a manner that allows potential consumers to lift and handle each of the plurality of articles so as to thereby readily determine through tactile sensing of the information at least one of: a) the general nature of the handled article and/or its contents; and b) the provider of the handled article.

Abstract: A tactile sign (30) comprises a baseplate (31), and at least one character tile (32, 33) which is able to be securely mounted on the baseplate (31), wherein the at least one character tile (32,33) includes at least one raised tactile character (34, 35).

Abstract: Disclosed is a refreshable Braille display device comprised of a rotary character display assembly which can display a refreshable Braille character in the plane of the rotary display assembly. Also disclosed is a method of displaying a refreshable Braille character.

Abstract: An electro-tactile display includes an electrode substrate provided with a plurality of stimulation electrodes, a conductive gel layer positioned between the stimulation electrodes and the skin of a wearer, a switching circuit section electrically connected to the stimulation electrodes, a stimulation pattern generating section electrically connected to the switching circuit, and means for alleviating a sensation experienced by the wearer as a result of the stimulation electrodes. In one aspect, the means for alleviating a sensation is configured from the conductive gel layer. The conductive gel layer has a resistance value equivalent to that of the horny layer of the skin. In another aspect, the means for alleviating a sensation is configured from the stimulation determination means and the threshold value adjustment means.

Abstract: A driving mechanism using shape memory alloys comprises a first and a second shape memory alloys coils (1, 2), a pin-like drive member (3) connected to each of the shape memory alloys coils (1, 2) extending in the axis direction, a substrate (4) having a wiring pattern (11) and a drive circuit (4a) to supply current to the shape memory alloys coils (1, 2), and a magnetic latch part (9) to hold the drive member (3), and the magnetic latch part (9) has a latch position in the axis direction of the drive member (3), the drive circuit (4a) selectively current-drives the first and the second shape memory alloys coils (1, 2), the driven first or second shape memory alloys coils (1, 2) is heated and compressed to move the drive member (3) in the axis direction, and magnetic bodies (9a, 9b) provided to the drive member (3) is magnetically fixed at the latch position, thereby fixed and held in the axis direction.

Abstract: An automated Braille inserter for inserting a Braille element into a surface including a container for containing a plurality of Braille elements; a drive pin in operative juxtaposition with respect to said container and adapted for movement along a drive axis between a receiving position and a driving position, and having a driving face for driving a Braille element from said Braille inserter; a Braille element passage operatively associated with said drive pin and providing operative passage of a Braille element from said container to a deployment position in operative alignment with said driving face of said drive pin; the drive pin being arranged in operative juxtaposition in respect of the container such that the Braille element passage is closed to receiving Braille elements from the container when the drive pin is the driving position, but may receive a predetermined number of Braille elements into said Braille element passage when the drive pin is in the receiving position.

Abstract: A dynamic tactile code in which embossed alphabetic symbols represent the letters of the conventional Roman alphabet and embossed numeric symbols represent the conventional Arabic numerals. The alphabetic symbols are divided into four regions, the alphabetic symbols in the first and third regions being denoted by a circular frame, and the alphabetic symbols in the second and fourth regions being surrounded by a square frame. At least some of the alphabetic symbols embody at least a physical association of their corresponding letter of the Roman alphabet. Uppercase symbols differentiate from the lowercase symbols by the placement of a dot centrally located above the lowercase symbol frame. The numeric symbols are denoted by a diamond-shaped frame. Certain essential attributes of the font remain constant while other attributes change as the font's size is changed.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a medical device for self testing and monitoring the concentration of analytes in a body fluid, or a blood parameter, or for the controlled administration of therapeutic agents, comprising a connectable, preferably pluggable Braille or Braille-like module for visually impaired users, so that both visually impaired users and users not visually impaired can read the data generated by the medical device and/or control the medical device.

Abstract: There are provided an input means 2 that allows information to be input as touched by an operator, a vibration application means 3 disposed on a back side of the input means 2, and a control means 5. The input means 2 is a touch panel 6. The vibration application means 3 is shaped like a flexible sheet, and includes a plurality of actuators 17 arranged as vibration sources. Each of the actuators 17 includes a first electrode 13, a second electrode 14, and an insulating layer 15 is provided between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 and containing a ferroelectric layer. The control means 5 drives a preset actuator 17 of the actuators 17 according to input from the control panel 6.

Abstract: An apparatus that includes an input having a surface area configured for altering its surface topology characteristic in accordance with a given function of an electronic device for providing a haptic operative input corresponding to said given function. There is a mechanism for altering surface topology of the surface area, and the mechanism does not comprise a piezoelectric motor.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses to define an insertion indicator on a Braille device are described. Information about an insertion indicator at a location on a display device is received. An output associated with the insertion indicator is provided to a Braille device. The output to the Braille device reproduces the location of the insertion indicator on the display device. The output associated with the insertion indicator may be provided to at least two cells of the Braille device. The output to the Braille device may be provided to raise a first dot of a first Braille cell on the Braille device, wherein the first Braille cell corresponds to a second location that precedes the first location on the display device. A Braille caption panel may be displayed on a display device, the Braille caption panel includes a simulation of the output associated with the insertion indicator on the Braille device.