Abstract: A microorganism is provided which has an ability to produce an L-amino acid such as L-lysine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine and L-serine, and has been modified to increase the activity of pyruvate synthase or pyruvate:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This microorganism is cultured in a medium containing ethanol or an aliphatic acid as the carbon source to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in the medium or cells, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium or the cells.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of producing components of protein biosynthetic machinery that include orthogonal tRNA's, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and orthogonal pairs of tRNA's/synthetases are provided. Methods for identifying these orthogonal pairs are also provided along with methods of producing proteins using these orthogonal pairs.

Abstract: A method is described for producing an L-amino acid or a nucleic acid by culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce the L-amino acid or nucleic acid in a liquid medium in a fermentation tank containing a stirring impeller, and optionally adding seed crystals to the medium as required to produce and accumulate crystals of the L-amino acid or nucleic acid in the medium, and collecting crystals of the L-amino acid or nucleic acid from the culture. The power density of the stirring impeller is controlled to be 2.4 kW/m3 or lower after either precipitation of the crystals or addition of the seed crystals.

Abstract: A microorganism belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae, which has an L-amino acid-producing ability and has been modified so that the kdp system is enhanced, is cultured in a medium to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in the medium or cells of the microorganism, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium or cells to produce the L-amino acid.

Abstract: An L-amino acid can be produced by culturing an L-amino acid-producing bacterium which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and which has been modified so that the expression of a yggG gene is enhanced.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a microorganism belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae having an L-amino acid-producing ability and modified so that glycerol dehydrogenase and dihydroxyacetone kinase activities are increased, in a medium containing glycerol as a carbon source to produce and accumulate an L-amino acid in the medium or cells, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium or the cells.

Abstract: The invention provides improved rtTA and single chain rtTA variants and uses thereof for inducible expression of a nucleic acid of interest. Nucleic acid sequences comprising an improved rtTA and/or sc rtTA sequence according to the invention are also provided, as well as vectors, replicons and cells comprising such nucleic acid sequences.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism having L-tryptophan productivity and a method for producing L-tryptophan using the same. More precisely, the present invention relates to the recombinant E. coli strain CJ600 (KCCM 10812P) having tryptophan productivity produced from the mutant form (KFCC 10066) of E. coli having L-phenylalanine productivity, wherein tryptophan auxotrophy is released, L-phenylalanine biosynthesis is blocked but tryptophan productivity is enhanced by reinforcing the gene involved in tryptophan biosynthesis, and a method of producing L-tryptophan using the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutants and alleles of the zwf gene of coryneform bacteria, which encode variants of the Zwf subunit of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC: 1.1.1.49), and to processes for preparing amino acids, in particular L-lysine and L-tryptophan, by using bacteria which harbor said alleles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Tryptophan-producing E. coli mutant strain CJ285 (KCCM-10534) containing single or multi mutant genes related with Tryptophan biosynthesis and production method of Tryptophan using the same. More particularly, DNA base sequences and amino acid sequences aroF, aroG, trpR, and tyrR originated from tryptophan producing E. coli mutant strain CJ285 (KCCM-10534) and related with Tryptophan biosynthesis, are disclosed, and E. coli CJ285 containing at least one of the mutant genes is cultivated directly in a glucose-containing fermentation medium, whereby L-tryptophan can be accumulated in the culture medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to have glycerol kinase in which feedback inhibition by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is desensitized, thereby having enhanced ability to utilize glycerol.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutants and alleles of the coryneform bacterium mqo gene which encodes malate quinone oxidoreductases which contain any amino acid apart from L-serine at position 111, or a comparable position, in the amino acid sequence, and to processes for fermentatively preparing amino acids, preferably L-lysine, L-tryptophan and L-proline, using bacteria which comprise these alleles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of one or more of the cynT, cynS, cynX and/or cynR genes.

Abstract: A mutant tyrosine repressor that does not require tyrosine to induce expression of tyrosine phenol-lyase gene is obtained by introducing a mutation into a tyrosine repressor. A microorganism which is able to express large amounts of tyrosine phenol-lyase is obtained by introducing the mutant tyrosine repressor into the microorganism. The microorganism is useful for producing L-DOPA.

Abstract: L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family which has L-amino acid-producing ability and is modified so that expression of the nhaA gene, nhaB gene, nhaR gene, chaA gene, mdfA gene, or combinations thereof is enhanced.

Abstract: A process for the production of L-amino acids, in particular L-threonine, in which the following steps are carried out: (a) fermentation of the microorganisms of the family Enterobacteriaceae producing the desired L-amino acid, in which the fruR gene or nucleotide sequences coding therefor are attenuated, in particular are switched off, (b) enrichment of the L-amino acid in the medium or in the cells of the bacteria, and (c) isolation of the L-amino acid.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a microorganism of the family Enterobacteriaceae which has the ability to produce an L-amino acid and which has been modified so as to increase the expression of the evgA gene, the gadE gene, and/or the ydeO gene. These genes encode a transcription factor involved in the EvgAS two-component system regulon. The culture takes place in a medium, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium or cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid by fermentation by culturing a microorganism having an L-amino acid-producing ability in a liquid medium to precipitate the L-amino acid, wherein a polymer such as a water-soluble cellulose derivative, a water-soluble polyvinyl compound, a polar organic solvent-soluble polyvinyl compound, a water-soluble starch derivative, an alginic acid salt, and a polyacrylic acid salt is added to the medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the cpxR gene.

Abstract: A process for producing high yields of enantioselective amino acids and chiral amines by reacting a keto acid or ketone and an amino acid donor in the presence of a transaminase biocatalyst to produce a keto acid by-product and an amino acid or amine product. Further reacting the keto acid by-product with a peroxide to increase the yield of additional amino acid or amine product.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutants and alleles of the zwf gene of coryneform bacteria, which encode variants of the Zwf subunit of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC: 1.1.1.49), and to processes for preparing amino acids, in particular L-lysine and L-tryptophan, by using bacteria which harbor said alleles.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to improved microorganisms and methods for the production of methionine and other sulfur containing fine chemicals using the metI gene from Bacillus subtilis or a gene related to metI. In some embodiments of the present invention, the metI gene or another gene is integrated in a fashion that allows for co-production of a water soluble compound such as methionine or other amino acid and a caortenoid compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 5-substituted hydantoin racemase, which efficiently catalyzes racemization reactions at a high optimum temperature for racemization reactions, DNA coding for the racemase, and processes for producing optically active amino acids.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing an L-amino acid-producing bacterium which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and which has been modified so that the activity of an iron transporter is increased by enhancing expression of one or more genes of the following genes: tonB gene, fepA gene, and fecA.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the leuO gene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to enhance expression of at least one gene of the fucPIKUR operon.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid is described, for example L-threonine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, L-tryptophan, or L-glutamic acid, using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, wherein the bacterium has been modified to enhance an activity of a wild-type alcohol dehydrogenase encoded by the adhE gene or a mutant alcohol dehydrogenase which is resistant to aerobic inactivation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to specific Escherichia. coli mutants which can be used for the synthesis of D-amino acids, and to such a process. The mutants are distinguished by deficiencies in particular enzymes which break down D-amino acids and include those which produce D-amino acids via the carbamoylase/hydantoinase route.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that can be used to make monatin from glucose, tryptophan, indole-3-lactic acid, indole-3-pyruvate, and 2-hydroxy 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid, are provided. Methods are also disclosed for producing the indole-3-pyruvate and 2-hydroxy 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-4-keto glutaric acid intermediates. Compositions provided include nucleic acid molecules, polypeptides, chemical structures, and cells. Methods include in vitro and in vivo processes, and the in vitro methods include chemical reactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an aromatic L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the ydiN gene, the ydiB gene, or both.

Abstract: A method for producing an ?-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-?-ester (also named ?-L-(?-o-substituted aspartyl)-L-phenylalanine), which is an intermediate of an ?-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-?-methyl ester (also named ?-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester; product name: aspartame), easily, at high yield and inexpensively without going through a complex synthesis method is provided. Further, an easy, inexpensive and high-yield production method for an ?-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-?-methyl ester is provided. ?-L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-?-methyl ester is produced from a L-aspartic acid-?,?-diester and L-phenylalanine using an enzyme or enzyme-containing substance that has an ability to catalyze a reaction in which L-phenylalanine performs no nucleophilic attack on a ?-ester site of L-aspartic acid-?,?-diester but performs a nucleophilic attack on an ?-ester site thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutants and alleles of the gnd gene from coryneform bacteria coding for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenases which contain at position 329 or a comparable position of the amino acid sequence any amino acid other than L-valine, and to processes for the production of amino acids, preferably L-lysine and L-tryptophan, by fermentation using bacteria that contain these alleles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the rspAB operon.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid is described, for example, L-phenylalanine and L-histidine, by fermentation using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, wherein the bacterium has been modified by attaching a DNA fragment able to be transcribed encoding the peptide represented in SEQ ID NO: 2, or a variant thereof, particularly a portion of the ssrA gene, to the 3?-end of gene encoding for the bacterial enzyme, which influences on the L-amino acid biosynthesis, such as chorismate mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase or phosphoglucose isomerase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the rcsA gene.

Abstract: A solution to be treated containing monatin and impurities is treated with a nonpolar resin having aromatic rings, whereby monatin is separated from the solution. Treatment with the nonpolar resin having aromatic rings results in efficient separation of monatin under a mild pH condition.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid, such as L-histidine, L-threonine, L-lysine, L-glutamic acid, and L-tryptophan, using bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia which has increased expression of genes, such as those of the xylABFGHR locus, which encode the xylose utilization enzymes, is disclosed. The method includes cultivating the L-amino acid producing bacterium in a culture medium containing xylose, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture medium.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a microorganism which belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is able to produce an L-amino acid, wherein the bacterium has been modified to enhance orotate phosphoribosyltransferase activity is enhanced, in a medium to produce and cause accumulation of an L-amino acid in the medium or cells, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium or the cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of a gene coding for sRNA.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing an Enterobacteriaceae which is able to produce an L-amino acid in a medium containing glycerol, especially crude glycerol, as the carbon source to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in the culture, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the sfmACDFH-fimZ cluster and/or the fimZ gene.

Abstract: An L-amino acid is produced by culturing an L-amino acid-producing bacterium which belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family and which has been modified so that the acetyl-CoA synthetase activity is increased.

Abstract: The present invention provides: a process for producing an amino acid which comprises adding crystals of the amino acid having an average particle size of 1 to 120 ?m to a medium so that the concentration of the crystals of the amino acid becomes 0.5 g/l or more, culturing a microorganism having the ability to produce the amino acid in the medium, allowing crystals of the amino acid to form and accumulate in the medium, and recovering the crystals of the amino acid from the culture; and a process for producing an amino acid which comprises adding crystals of the amino acid to a medium so that the total surface area of the crystals of the amino acid in the medium becomes 0.02 m2/l, culturing a microorganism having the ability to produce the amino acid in the medium, allowing crystals of the amino acid to form and accumulate in the medium, and recovering the crystals of the amino acid from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an L-amino acid using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, particularly a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia or Pantoea, which has been modified to attenuate expression of the bolA gene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polynucleotides that encode proteins having OpcA enzymatic activity. These polynucleotides can be used for increasing lysine biosynthesis in Coryneform glutamicum.

Abstract: A microorganism is provided which has an ability to produce an L-amino acid such as L-lysine, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-valine, L-leucine, L-isoleucine and L-serine, and has been modified to increase the activity of pyruvate synthase or pyruvate:NADP+ oxidoreductase. This microorganism is cultured in a medium containing ethanol or an aliphatic acid as the carbon source to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in the medium or cells, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium or the cells.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing an L-amino acid, for example L-threonine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-phenylalanine, L-arginine, L-tryptophan or L-glutamic acid, using a bacterium of the Enterobacteriaceae family, wherein the bacterium has been modified to enhance an activity of L-arabinose permease.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the biosynthetic production of 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate (ADC) performed fermentatively in vivo with a 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase, preferably a PabAB bipartite protein (which may be a fusion protein), at an increased level of activity, thereby obtaining a broth comprising ADC and 4-amino-4-deoxyprephenate (ADP), that are recovered. The invention also relates to a further process of converting the ADP into p-aminophenylalanine. The invention, moreover relates to biosynthetic production of [3R,4R]-4-amino-3-hydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid (3,4-CHA), by concerted action of such 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate synthase and of an enzyme capable of converting isochorismate into [5S,6S]-5,6 dihydroxycyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid (2,3-CHD), preferably a phenazine biosynthesis protein PhzD, including recovery of 3,4-CHA. The invention also relates to expression vectors and host cells for use in any of such processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for converting plant cell wall polysaccharides into one or more products, comprising: treating the plant cell wall polysaccharides with an effective amount of a spent whole fermentation broth of a recombinant microorganism, wherein the recombinant microorganism expresses one or more heterologous genes encoding enzymes which degrade or convert the plant cell wall polysaccharides into the one or more products.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a novel dehydrogenase having a property which is different from that of known dehydrogenases. The present invention provides a dehydrogenase having the following physicochemical properties: (1) effect: to produce N-alkyl-L-alanine from pyruvic acid and alkylamine or dialkylamine using NADPH and/or NADH as coenzyme; (2) substrate specificity: to show activity to alkylamine or dialkylamine but not to ammonium; (3) optimal pH when using phenylpyruvic acid and methylamine as substrates is around 10; and (4) when treated at 30° C. for 30 minutes, the enzyme is stable at around pH 5 to 10.5.