Abstract: A method of measuring the effect of an active agent or a stressor on the baseline metabolic indicators of one or more hair follicles, the method including (a) obtaining one or more hair follicles; (b) placing the one or more hair follicles in a vessel, wherein the one or more hair follicles are positioned under one or more sensors; (c) using the one or more sensors to measure the one or more hair follicles' baseline metabolic indicators for both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation; (d) exposing the one or more hair follicles to an active agent or a stressor; and (e) using the one or more sensors to measure the one or more hair follicles' respondent metabolic indicators for both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.

Abstract: A flavin-binding glucose dehydrogenase (FAD-GDH), which in addition to having high substrate specificity and adequate desirable heat stability, is suitable for efficient production, preferably using E. coli, yeast or molds and the like as host cells. The FAD-GDH has amino acid substitutions at positions equivalent to one or more locations selected from the group consisting of position 213, position 368 and position 526 in the amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 8. The FAD-GDH is acquired from a culture by inserting a gene encoding the FAD-GDH into host cells such as E. coli. A preferable example of the FAD-GDH is FAD-GDH, in which a signal peptide region present in an N-terminal region has been deleted from the amino acid sequence of Mucor-derived FAD-GDH, and which has the aforementioned amino acid substitutions. The FAD-GDH can be preferably used in clinical diagnosis.

Abstract: A biosensor system determines analyte concentration from an output signal generated by an oxidation/reduction reaction of the analyte. The biosensor system adjusts a correlation for determining analyte concentrations from output signals at one temperature to determining analyte concentrations from output signals at other temperatures. The temperature-adjusted correlation between analyte concentrations and output signals at a reference temperature may be used to determine analyte concentrations from output signals at a sample temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optical fluorescence sensor comprising a probe for sensing glucose, an intra-reference probe, and a matrix. The present disclosure also relates to an optical fluorescence dual sensor comprising a probe for sensing glucose, a probe for sensing oxygen, an intra-reference probe, and a matrix. The present disclosure additionally relates to methods of preparing these sensors and methods of using them.

Abstract: A device and system for automatic handling of a sensor strip by a part of meter includes a sensor strip having a first section, a second section, and an intermediate section. The sensor strip includes at least a first opening about a first end thereof and a second opening about a second end thereof. A meter part includes a pair of pivoting catches configured to engage and grasp a sensor strip from a container containing a plurality of sensor strips. The sensor strip may thus be removed from a container for testing without need for manual handling of the strip by a user.

Abstract: A portable medical monitor system generates a current calibration curve for generating the estimate of the level of an analyte, such as glucose, being monitored. The current calibration curve is based on at least two measured data values of the level being monitored. The system determines a transformation function based on the calibration curve and at least one preceding calibration curve such that the transformation function produces a predictive calibration curve, and generates an estimated level value of the level being monitored, based on sensor output from a sensor associated with the portable medical monitor system, in accordance with the predictive calibration curve.

Abstract: Test elements are disclosed for detecting at least one analyte in a body fluid. The test element include at least one strip-shaped carrier element and at least one test field having at least one test chemistry for detecting the analyte. The test element has a symmetrical shape such that the test element may be inserted in one of at least two different correct measurement orientations into a test element receptacle of a testing device, which includes a detection device. In the different orientations, at least one analyte-induced change in the test chemistry of the test field is detectable. Test systems including the test elements and methods of detecting at least one analyte in the body fluid using the test elements also are disclosed.

Abstract: A radioluminescence microscopy system and method for imaging the distribution of radiolabeled molecules in live cell cultures and tissue sections. Cells are grown and incubated with radiolabeled molecules on a scintillator plate or a scintillator plate is placed adjacent to the cells after incubation. Scintillation light produced by decay of radiolabeled molecules inside, bound to, or surrounding the cells, is recorded on an imaging device. Fluorescence microscopy of the same cells with other types of molecules of interest that are labeled with different fluorophores can be conducted concurrently and the biological activity of the labeled molecules can be correlated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for non-invasive detection of an analyte in a fluid sample. In one embodiment, the device comprises: a collection chamber containing an absorbent hydrogel material; a fluidic channel connected to the collection chamber; a sensing chamber connected to the fluidic channel, wherein the device is comprised of a compressible housing that allows transfer of fluid collected by the collection chamber to be transferred to be extracted and withdrawn to the sensing chamber upon compression of the device, wherein the sensing chamber contains a material that specifically detects the analyte and wherein the sensing chamber is operably linked to a processor containing a potentiostat that allows detection of the analyte using electrochemical sensing.

Abstract: The subject invention provides methods of screening compounds or ligands that interact with human and/or non-human PAQR receptors or fungal osmotin receptors. These methods utilize a colorimetric assay to ascertain whether a compound binds to and activates a PAQR receptor or the osmotin receptor.

Abstract: Biomarkers relating to insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy are provided, as well as methods for using such biomarkers as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy. In addition, methods for modulating the respective disorders or conditions of a subject are also provided. Also provided are suites of small molecule entities as biomarkers for insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerosis, and cardiomyopathy.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an Extra Cellular Matrix composition specific for cancer type and a tumor microenvironment platform for long term culturing of tumor tissue, wherein said culturing provides human ligands and tumor tissue micro-environment to mimic physiologically relevant signalling systems. The present disclosure further relates to the development of a Clinical Response Predictor and its application in the prognostic field (selection of treatment option for the patient) and translational biology field (development of anticancer drugs). The disclosure further relates to a method of predicting clinical response of a tumor patient to drug(s). The disclosure further relates to a method for screening tumor cells for the presence of specific markers for determining the viability of said cells for indication of tumor status.

Abstract: A colorimetric reagent in the form of nanoparticles, composite nanoparticles, and nanoparticle coatings, including methods of use, methods of preparation, deposition, and assembly of related devices and specific applications. The colorimetric reagent comprises cerium oxide nanoparticles which are used in solution or immobilized on a solid support, either alone or in conjunction with oxidase enzymes, to form an active colorimetric component that reacts with an analyte to form a colored complex. The rate of color change and the intensity of the color are proportional to the amount of analyte present in the sample. Also described is the use of ceria and doped ceria nanoparticles as an oxygen storage/delivery vehicle for oxidase enzymes and applications in biocatalytic processes in anaerobic conditions of interest in biomedicine and bioanalysis.

Abstract: Azo compounds are disclosed that do not form azoxy dimers and that do not have any reactive nitroso groups. Also disclosed are use of the azo compounds as mediators in optical and electrochemical diagnostic methods, as well as detection reagents, kits and test elements that include such azo compounds and that can be used in the diagnostic methods.

Abstract: A biological testing device includes a housing body having a meter storage compartment, and a testing meter that is disposed in the meter storage compartment and that operates with a biosensor strip which is disposed after being used. The housing body further has a waste storage compartment that is separated from the meter storage compartment and that has s a waste take-out opening, and an insertion hole for inserting the used biosensor strip into the waste storage compartment. The waste take-out opening is larger than the insertion hole. The waste take-out opening is normally closed and is openable for permitting taking out of the used biosensor strip from the waste storage compartment.

Abstract: The present invention provides for stable nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD/NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP/NADPH) derivatives of formula (I), enzyme complexes of these derivatives and their use in biochemical detection methods and reagent kits.

Abstract: A control test strip for glucose that includes a cover that forms a fluid path when affixed to the test strip substrate. The fluid path includes a glucose deposit area formed by drying a glucose solution on to the cover or onto the test strip substrate. The control test strip further includes a pair of electrodes having a first end positioned within an enzyme coating area and a second end positioned to deliver an electrical signal to the glucose meter. The enzyme coating area also lies within the fluid path. When a user places a drop of water at the opening of the fluid path, capillary action pulls the water into the fluid path, mixing the water with the dried glucose so that a solution having a known glucose concentration is formed. This glucose solution then mixes with the enzyme and a reading is made by the glucose meter.

Abstract: System and method for detecting and measuring chemical perturbations in a sample. The system and method are useful for non-invasive pH monitoring of blood or blood products sealed in storage bags.

Abstract: A presence/absence test for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) involves placing a first generation test sample in a solution that will clot in the presence of S. aureus. The solution contains components that will selectively grow S. aureus and also contains clotting factors that will react with S. aureus, if S. aureus is present in the sample, to clot the solution. Examples of specimen samples that can be tested include nasal swabs and lesion swabs, among others. The test can also be modified to detect the presence or absence of methicillin resistant S. Aureus (MRSA).

Abstract: Sensing compositions, sensing element, sensing systems and sensing devices for the detection and/or quantitation of one or more analytes, Compositions comprising carbon nanotubes in which the carbon nanotubes retain their ability to luminesce and in which that luminescence is rendered selectively sensitive to the presence of an analyte. Compositions comprising individually dispersed carbon nanotubes, which are electronically isolated from other carbon nanotubes, yet which are associated with chemical selective species, such as polymers, particularly biological polymers, for example proteins, which can interact selectively with, or more specifically selectivity bind to, an analyte of interest. Chemically selective species bind, preferably non-covalently, to the carbon nanotube and function to provide for analyte selectivity. Chemically selective species include polymers to which one or more chemically selective groups are covalently attached.

Abstract: A sugar liquid containing only very small amounts of fermentation-inhibiting substances is produced by a method for producing a sugar liquid using a cellulose-containing biomass as a raw material, the method including: (1) a step of hydrolyzing a cellulose-containing biomass to produce an aqueous sugar solution; and (2) a step of filtering the obtained aqueous sugar solution through a nanofiltration membrane and/or reverse osmosis membrane to collect a purified sugar liquid from the feed side, while removing fermentation-inhibiting substances from the permeate side.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and devices for providing accurate measurement of a property of a sample. The method comprises obtaining a plurality of independent measurements of the property. The plurality of values of the property of the sample obtained by the plurality of independent measurements is compared to determine whether one or more of the values is an outlier.

Abstract: In quickly assaying a blood component interfered by glucose and/or its derivative on the bedside or in a clinic or in assaying the same by a patient in his/her own home, there has been required an assay method wherein the whole blood can be used as a sample as such without resorting to a centrifuge or the like. A method of assaying a blood component to be used for assaying a blood component interfered by glucose and/or its derivative, characterized by comprising bringing the whole blood into contact with a substance capable of converting glucose and/or its derivative into another substance not interfering the assay and, simultaneously or subsequently, separating blood cells; a device to be used in the assay method; and a kit containing this device.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods and kits for the analysis of the sialylation of gluco-proteins. The samples of gluco-protein are incubated separately under three conditions: with beta-galactosidase, with beta-galactosidase+alpha-sialidase, and without an enzyme. After the enzyme treatment, high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC PAD) is used to make a quantitative determination of the total galactose in the sample, the non sialylated galactose and the exogenous galactose in the medium. The determination of said values makes it possible to deduce the percentage of sialylation of the gluco-protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for producing high levels of alcohol during fermentation of plant material, and to the high alcohol beer produced. The method can include fractionating the plant material. The present invention also relates to methods for producing high protein distiller's dried grain from fermentation of plant material, and to the high protein distiller's dried grain produced. The method can include drying a co-product by ring drying, flash drying, or fluid bed drying. The present invention further relates to reduced stack emissions from drying distillation products from the production of ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel mutants of PQQ s-GDH containing an amino acid substitution in position 428 of the protein sequence of the wild type PQQ s-GDH of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (SEQ.ID. NO:2). The invention also relates to the use of said PQQ s-GDH mutants for the development of glucose electrodes of interest in the assay of glucose, in particular of blood glucose in diabetic subjects, and for implementing biofuel cells that utilize glucose as fuel.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for highly accurately detecting a cancer cell. The method of the present invention is characterized by comprising imaging with the use of a fluorescently labeled L-glucose derivative. By using the method and imaging agent according to the present invention, a high contrast between a cancer cell and a normal cell can be obtained compared with the case that imaging is conducted with the use of a fluorescently labeled D-glucose derivative. According to this method, moreover, no fasting is needed for the determination. Thus, the imaging can be quickly carried out without imposing a burden on a patient.

Abstract: A reagent composition for a biosensor sensor strip is disclosed that provides for rapid rehydration after drying. The composition includes porous particles and is preferably formed as a colloidal suspension. The dried reagent composition including porous particles may provide analytically useful output from the sensor strip in a shorter time period than observed from dried reagent compositions using solid particles. The output signal from the porous particle compositions may be correlated to the analyte concentration of a sample within about two seconds. In this manner, an accurate concentration determination of an analyte concentration in a sample may be obtained in less time than from sensor strips including conventional compositions. The reagent composition including the porous particles also may allow for the redox reaction between the reagents and the analyte to reach a maximum kinetic performance in a shorter time period than observed from conventional sensor strips.

Abstract: Glucose measured in blood samples is distinguished from glucose measured in the control solutions used to test the optical instruments which make such measurements. The control solutions contain a labeling substance recognized by the optical instrument to distinguish glucose measurements made of control solutions from those made of blood samples.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses a glucose indicator protein, a biosensor comprising one or more glucose indicator proteins, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A small diameter flexible electrode designed for subcutaneous in vivo amperometric monitoring of glucose is described. The electrode is designed to allow “one-point” in vivo calibration, i.e., to have zero output current at zero glucose concentration, even in the presence of other electroreactive species of serum or blood. The electrode is preferably three or four-layered, with the layers serially deposited within a recess upon the tip of a polyamide insulated gold wire. A first glucose concentration-to-current transducing layer is overcoated with an electrically insulating and glucose flux limiting layer (second layer) on which, optionally, an immobilized interference-eliminating horseradish peroxidase based film is deposited (third layer). An outer (fourth) layer is biocompatible.

Abstract: Provided are methods for determining concurrently with a simple, minimally invasive test, the adequacy of pancreatic beta-cell compensation and/or the presence of tissue insulin resistance in a subject human or an experimental animal. The methods allow for the determination of a subject's or experimental animal's susceptibility to developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) or to progression to more advanced forms of DM2.

Abstract: Testing of the performance of an electrochemical meter used to measure the presence of an analyte in a biological sample, particularly glucose in whole blood, includes introducing a control solution containing a predetermined amount of the analyte and a predetermined amount of an internal reference compound. The internal reference compound is selected such that it is oxidized at a potential greater than that used to oxidize the analyte, thereby making it possible to distinguish the control solution from a biological sample.

Abstract: The present invention concerns compositions and methods of extracting infectious pathogens from a volume of blood. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of creating a fibrin aggregate confining the pathogens and introducing a fibrin lysis reagent to expose the pathogens for analysis. The present invention also concerns materials and methods for removing aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) from a sample.

Abstract: The invention is directed to droplet actuator devices and assay methods. The invention includes assay methods of conducting an assay comprising combining a sample with an umbelliferyl derivative, wherein the sample potentially comprises an enzyme capable of cleaving the umbelliferyl derivative and where the umbelliferyl derivative comprises an umbelliferyl core modified with one or more modifying moieties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrochemical sensor strips and methods of determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample or improving the performance of a concentration determination. The electrochemical sensor strips may include at most 8 ?g/mm2 of a mediator. The strips, the strip reagent layer, or the methods may provide for the determination of a concentration value having at least one of a stability bias of less than ±10% after storage at 50° C. for 4 weeks when compared to a comparison strip stored at ?20° C. for 4 weeks, a hematocrit bias of less than ±10% for whole blood samples including from 20 to 60% hematocrit, and an intercept to slope ratio of at most 20 mg/dL. A method of increasing the performance of a quantitative analyte determination also is provided.

Abstract: Described are methods and systems to allow for a determination of when a sample has substantially stopped filling a test chamber so that a test sequence timer can be initiated at the appropriate time point for assaying of a biosensor. This determination can also be used to evaluate whether the biosensor has been filled with additional fluid samples after an initial fill of the biosensor. These methods and systems allow for a more accurate analyte test result.

Abstract: Reagent materials and associated test elements are provided. In one embodiment, a test element having dual functionality includes a first coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the first enzyme, a second coenzyme-dependent enzyme or a substrate for the second enzyme, and a coenzyme selected from the group consisting of thio-NAD, thio-NADP, and a compound according to formula (I). In one aspect, the first analyte is hydroxybutyrate and the first enzyme is a hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the second analyte is glucose and the second enzyme is a glucose dehydrogenase or a glucose oxidase. Other aspects of the subject application are directed to unique reagent materials. Further embodiments, forms, objects, features, advantages, aspects, and benefits shall become apparent from the description and drawings.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for inhibiting growth and proliferation of HIF pathway proficient cells by administering GLUT1 inhibitors of the invention to HIF pathway proficient cells.

Abstract: A glucometer is provided, comprising a reader configured to analyze a blood sample, a transmitter configured to wirelessly transmit data, encoded within an audio signal, regarding results of the analysis, and a controller configured to facilitate the encoding.

Abstract: A method of distinguishing a control solution from a sample in an electrochemical test sensor is performed. The method includes adding a control marker to the control solution. The control solution includes the control marker and analyte. The test sensor includes working and counter electrodes, and a reagent. A potential is applied to the test sensor to oxidize the control marker and the analyte. The resulting electrical current is measured. A potential is applied to the test sensor lower than the other potential in which the potential is sufficient to oxidize the analyte and not the control marker. The resulting electrical current is measured. Determining whether a control solution or a sample is present based on the measured electrical currents. To increase the measured current, a salt may be added to the control solution in an amount sufficient to increase the electrical current by at least 5% as compared to a control solution in the absence of a salt.

Abstract: This invention provides devices, compositions and methods for determining the concentration of one or more metabolites or analytes in a biological sample, including cells, tissues, organs, organisms, and biological fluids. In particular, this invention provides materials, apparatuses, and methods for several non-invasive techniques for the determination of in vivo blood glucose concentration levels based upon the in vivo measurement of one or more biologically active molecules found in skin.

Abstract: Methods of determining a corrected analyte concentration in view of some error source are provided herein. The methods can be utilized for the determination of various analytes and/or various sources of error. In one example, the method can be configured to determine a corrected glucose concentration in view of an extreme level of hematocrit found within the sample. In other embodiments, methods are provided for identifying various system errors and/or defects. For example, such errors can include partial-fill or double-fill situations, high track resistance, and/or sample leakage. Systems are also provided for determining a corrected analyte concentration and/or detecting some system error.

Abstract: Testing of the performance of an electrochemical meter used to measure the presence of an analyte in a biological sample, particularly glucose in whole blood, includes introducing a control solution containing a predetermined amount of the analyte and a predetermined amount of an internal reference compound. The internal reference compound is selected such that it is oxidized at a potential greater than that used to oxidize the analyte, thereby making it possible to distinguish the control solution from a biological sample.

Abstract: A polymer matrix that may coated on an electrode is created by co-crosslinking (1) an adduct of a polyaniline formed by templated oxidative polymerization on a polymer acid; (2) a water-soluble crosslinker; and (3) a redox enzyme. The polymer matrix may be hydrated, and the absorbed water may make it permeable to, for example, glucose. The polyaniline may be polyaniline itself or a substituted polyaniline; the water-soluble crosslinker may be poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether, and the redox enzyme may be glucose oxidase. The polymer matrix may be produced by co-crosslinking (1) an adduct of an electrically conductive polymer and a polymer acid; (2) a water-soluble crosslinker; and (3) a redox enzyme in a single step at an about neutral pH, curing by drying. After hydration, the crosslinked polymer matrix may form a 3-dimensional glucose-permeable bioelectrocatalyst, catalyzing the electrooxidation of glucose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrochemical sensor strips and methods of determining the concentration of an analyte in a sample or improving the performance of a concentration determination. The electrochemical sensor strips may include at most 8 ?g/mm2 of a mediator. The strips, the strip reagent layer, or the methods may provide for the determination of a concentration value having at least one of a stability bias of less than ±10% after storage at 50° C. for 4 weeks when compared to a comparison strip stored at ?20° C. for 4 weeks, a hematocrit bias of less than ±10% for whole blood samples including from 20 to 60% hematocrit, and an intercept to slope ratio of at most 20 mg/dL. A method of increasing the performance of a quantitative analyte determination also is provided.

Abstract: A test meter system for testing a characteristic of a fluid, the test meter system including a test meter having a housing with an opening adapted to accept a test strip, an interrogation coil within the housing, a pick-up coil within the housing, and a test strip including at least one magneto-elastic-resonance sensor. When the test strip is within the opening, the interrogation coil may utilize magneto-elastic-resonance technology to interrogate the magneto elastic-resonance sensor and the pick-up coil may be used to sense a resultant oscillation frequency of the magneto elastic-resonance sensor, the resultant oscillation frequency associated with the characteristic. The test strip may include a plurality of sensors. The sensors may be coated with a coating sensitive to a characteristic of the fluid, where the interrogation reveals information about the fluid characteristic.

Abstract: The invention involves the development of a substrate and assay procedure for the scientific measurement of cellulase in admixture with other enzymes active on cellulose or 1,4-?-D-gluco-oligosaccharides, or in various levels of purity of the cellulase. This substrate being characterised by the fact that it contains at least 2 glucose units linked ?-1,4-, with the reducing end glucose unit linked ?- or ?- to a compound which exhibits an optically measurable change on cleavage of the bond between it and the adjacent D-glucosyl residue and the non-reducing terminal D-glucosyl unit is covalently linked to a blocking substituent which inhibits cleavage by exo-acting enzymes of the bond between the terminal and non-reducing end, penultimate D-glucose unit.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors having optimized elements and/or configurations of elements as well as methods for making and using such sensors. Typical embodiments of the invention include glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention provides members that produce on a large scale a coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase which has excellent substrate-recognizing ability toward glucose while providing low action on maltose. The present invention relates to a polynucleotide encoding a soluble coenzyme-linked glucose dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of glucose in the presence of an electron acceptor and has an activity toward maltose of 5% or lower; a polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide; a recombinant vector carrying the polynucleotide; a transformed cell produced using the recombinant vector; a method for producing a polypeptide comprising culturing the transformed cell and collecting from the cultivated products a polypeptide that links to FAD to exert the glucose dehydration activity; a method for determination of glucose using the polypeptide; a reagent composition for determination of glucose; and a biosensor.