Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure concern methods and compositions related to generation and/or use of proofreading reverse transcriptases, including those that are thermophilic or hyperthermophilic. The disclosure encompasses specific recombinant polymerases and their use. In some embodiments, the polymerases are utilized for RNA sequencing in the absence of generation of a cDNA intermediate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for converting plant cell wall polysaccharides into one or more products, comprising: treating the plant cell wall polysaccharides with an effective amount of a spent whole fermentation broth of a recombinant microorganism, wherein the recombinant microorganism expresses one or more heterologous genes encoding enzymes which degrade or convert the plant cell wall polysaccharides into the one or more products.

Abstract: The nozzle cleaning method includes the following steps: a first cleaning step in which a pre-pressurization liquid is discharged from a dispensing nozzle in a first cleaning position so as to clean the inside wall thereof and a first cleaning liquid is applied to the outside wall of the dispensing nozzle so as to clean said outside wall; a second cleaning step in which a second cleaning liquid is suctioned into the dispensing nozzle in a second cleaning position so as to clean the inside wall thereof; and a third cleaning step in which the second cleaning liquid is discharged from the dispensing nozzle in a third cleaning position so as to clean the inside wall thereof and a third cleaning liquid is applied to the outside wall of the dispensing nozzle so as to clean said outside wall.

Abstract: Provided are processes for treating crop kernels which comprising the steps of a) soaking kernels in water to produce soaked kernels; b) grinding the soaked kernels; c) treating the soaked kernels in the presence of a polypeptide having protease activity.

Abstract: Production of virus occlusion bodies that occlude virions comprising genomes of different species of baculoviruses that can be used to combat insect pests. A method is presented for the production of occlusion derived virions (ODVs) that simultaneously comprise genomes of different baculovirus species, occluded in a viral occlusion body (OB) with the structural and morphological features characteristic of baculoviruses. Mixed genome ODVs and OBs can be produced by co-infecting insect cells or insect hosts using two or more different baculoviruses species. Co-infection may be achieved by simultaneous inoculation of the different baculoviruses or with a time interval between inoculations, which results in different proportions of each species' genomes in the ODVs and OBs that are produced. The produced OBs can be used either directly for preparing an insecticide, or to infect susceptible insects to produce larger quantities of mixed genome ODVs and OBs, also useful for combating pest insects.

Abstract: A process for enabling the production of a particulate composition containing crystalline trehalose dihydrate is provided. Including allowing an ?-glycosyltrehalose-forming enzyme to act on liquefied starch derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter and a trehalose-releasing enzyme derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter along with a starch debranching enzyme and a cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase; allowing glucoamylase to act on the resulting mixture to obtain a saccharide solution containing ?,?-trehalose; precipitating crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate from the above saccharide solution; collecting the precipitated crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate by a centrifuge; and ageing and drying the collected crystals. Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase derived from a microorganism of the genus Paenibacillus or a mutant enzyme thereof is used to increase the ?,?-trehalose content in the saccharide solution to over 86.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nanoparticles comprising aminoacyl tRNA synthetase and an anticancer composition comprising the same and, specifically, to nanoparticles which comprise glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GRS), leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LRS), and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IRS), and have anticancer or immunostimulating activity; a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancer, comprising the nanoparticles as an active ingredient; a composition for immunostimulation; and a method for preparing the nanoparticles.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide the following: a novel fluorescent probe for detecting a compound, such as glutathione, that contains a —SH group; a detection method using said fluorescent probe; and a detection kit containing said probe.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method for increasing the hybridization efficiency of a probe and a target RNA in a sample, for example to identify a particular RNA present in the sample. The method includes heating a lysate sample comprising at least one target RNA, such as a tRNA, mRNA or rRNA, at a temperature of about 95° C. for a time sufficient to interfere with secondary structure of the RNA, wherein the time is short enough, such that the RNA in the cell lysate sample are not significantly degraded, and wherein the lysate comprises a cell lysis buffer comprising a chemical denaturant. To detect a target RNA in the lysate, the lysate is contacted with at least one detectable probe, such as a labeled probe, designed to specifically hybridize to the target RNA in the lysate.

Abstract: Artificial transposon sequences having code tags and target nucleic acids containing such sequences. Methods for making artificial transposons and for using their properties to analyze target nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of GH61 polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity, wherein the variants comprise a substitution at one or more positions corresponding to positions 90, 131, 134, and 141 of the full-length polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, and have cellulolytic enhancing activity. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having cellulolytic enhancing activity and isolated polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fusion protein comprising a therapeutic polypeptide fused to one or more flexible unstructured polypeptides and a trimeric scaffold protein. The flexible unstructured polypeptide sequence within the fusion protein is exhibited as one or more pCloud sequences derived from human fibrinogen alpha chain, and may be flanked by a proteinous connecting moiety of human origin. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising the fusion protein, nucleic acid molecules encoding the fusion protein, vectors containing the nucleic acids, host cells transformed with the vectors, and methods of making the fusion proteins of the invention, and use thereof.

Abstract: To provide an improved ?-fructofuranosidase which is capable of efficiently producing kestose while inhibiting the production of nystose. This improved ?-fructofuranosidase comprises either: an amino acid sequence (a) obtained by introducing, into the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 2, an amino acid mutation i) in which the 85th glycine (G) from the N-terminal is substituted for a protein-constituting amino acid other than glycine (G), and/or an amino acid mutation ii) in which the 310th histidine (H) from the N-terminal is substituted for lysine (K), arginine (R), or tyrosine (Y); or an amino acid sequence (b) which exhibits ?-fructofuranosidase activity, and which comprises an amino acid sequence obtained by deleting, substituting, inserting, or adding one or more amino acids in (a) other than the amino acid into which the amino acid mutation has been introduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of an alpha-amylase having improved stability to chelating agents relative to its parent enzyme, compositions comprising the variants, nucleic acids encoding the variants, methods of producing the variants, and methods for using the variants.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for improved bacterial-mediated plant transformation are provided. The methods generally allow plant transformation with reduced vector backbone integration and a high frequency of low-copy transformation events. Vectors for achieving these results are described, as are methods for their use.

Abstract: A process for enabling the production of a particulate composition containing crystalline trehalose dihydrate is provided. Including allowing an ?-glycosyltrehalose-forming enzyme to act on liquefied starch derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter and a trehalose-releasing enzyme derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter along with a starch debranching enzyme and a cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase; allowing glucoamylase to act on the resulting mixture to obtain a saccharide solution containing ?,?-trehalose; precipitating crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate from the above saccharide solution; collecting the precipitated crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate by a centrifuge; and ageing and drying the collected crystals. Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase derived from a microorganism of the genus Paenibacillus or a mutant enzyme thereof is used to increase the ?,?-trehalose content in the saccharide solution to over 86.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of designing an optimized gene which comprises altering a nucleotide sequence of a target protein gene, so that only preferential codons with high frequency of use in human cells are selected and a GC content of not less than 60% is achieved. A gene design method which involves the feature “only preferential codons with high frequency of use are selected and a GC content of not less than 60% is achieved” can be established as a general rule for preparing proteins with high expression level, in order to obtain chemically synthesized genes for proteins capable of high-level expression in eukaryotes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of obtaining peptides from procaryotic and/or eucaryotic cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for obtaining positive transformants of a filamentous fungal host cell, comprising: transforming a tandem construct into a population of cells of the filamentous fungal host a tandem construct and isolating a transformant of the filamentous fungal host cell comprising the tandem construct. The present invention also relates to such tandem constructs, filamentous fungal host cells comprising such tandem constructs, and methods of producing multiple recombinant proteins.

Abstract: A composition comprising recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) and a method for producing a purified recombinant IDS are provided. The glycosylation pattern and formylglycine content of the IDS composition are different from those of ELAPRASE® and have superior pharmaceutical efficacy and are safer than the conventional agent and thus can be effectively used for the therapy of Hunter Syndrome.

Abstract: Textile fibers and textiles produced from Brassica plants retain properties that are favorable for textile manufacture. Also described are textiles manufactured from the textile fibers produced from the Brassica plants which exhibit properties that are favorable for apparel and domestic applications, as well as industrial applications. Methods for producing the textile fibers from Brassica plants are further described.

Abstract: Isolated KIF20A-derived epitope peptides having Th1 cell inducibility are disclosed herein. Such peptides can be recognized by MHC class II molecules and induce Th1 cells. In preferred embodiments, such a peptide of the present invention can promiscuously bind to MHC class II molecules and induce KIF20A-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in addition to Th1 cells. Such peptides are thus suitable for use in enhancing immune response in a subject, and accordingly find use in cancer immunotherapy, in particular, as cancer vaccines. Also disclosed herein are polynucleotides that encode any of the aforementioned peptides, APCs and Th1 cells induced by such peptides and methods of induction associated therewith. Pharmaceutical compositions that comprise any of the aforementioned components as active ingredients find use in the treatment and/or prevention of cancers or tumors.

Abstract: The invention relates to mutant forms of Msp. The invention also relates to polynucleotide characterization using Msp.

Abstract: Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a methanol metabolic pathway that can enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of methanol. Such reducing equivalents can be used to increase the product yield of organic compounds produced by the microbial organism, such as adipate, 6-aminocaproate, hexamethylenediamine or caprolactam. Also provided herein are methods for using such an organism to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproate, hexamethylenediamine or caprolactam.

Abstract: A substrate comprising a crosslinked polymer primer layer, and grafted thereto a ligand-functionalized polymer is provided. The grafted polymer has the requisite affinity for binding neutral or negatively charged biomaterials, such as cells, cell debris, bacteria, spores, viruses, nucleic acids, and proteins, at pH's near or below the pI's of the biomaterials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for determining whether or not an aqueous solution contains two or more cancer cells. The present method is characterized by the following three matters. First, the PCR solution contains the TS primer at a concentration of not less than 0.1 ?M and not more than 1 ?M in the present invention. Second, the PCR solution contains an ACX reverse primer. Third, the PCR solution contains the ACX reverse primer at a concentration of not less than 0.02 ?M and not more than 0.06 ?M in the present invention. In the present method, it is determined that an aqueous solution contains cancer cells even if the aqueous solution contains only two cancer cells.

Abstract: An isoform-level gene panel is disclosed that can accurately classify a glioblastoma subtype from a tumor sample. Such an isoform level gene panel comprises the 121 to 214 target isoforms identified in Table 1. Also disclosed are reagents for quantitatively detecting the expression or activity of the target isoforms of Table 1 in a patient sample. For example, such ligands can be PCR primer and probes sets. This isoform-level gene panel and reagents for detection of the isoforms are useful in an isoform-level assay for diagnosis of the molecular subtype of a glioblastoma in a patient. The assay employs algorithms and a novel computer program that performs the functions of FIG. 8. In one aspect, the assay is a high-throughput format.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glucoamylase variants having improved thermostability. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a variant of a parent Termamyl-like alpha-amylase, which variant exhibits altered properties, in particular reduced capability of cleaving a substrate close to the branching point, and improved substrate specificity and/or improved specific activity relative to the parent alpha-amylase.

Abstract: The invention provides an exonuclease or an enzymatically active fragment thereof, said exonuclease having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 or an amino acid sequence which is at least about 50% identical thereto, wherein said exonuclease or enzymatically active fragment thereof (i) is substantially irreversibly inactivated by heating at a temperature of about 55° C. for 10 minutes in a buffer consisting of 10 mM Tris-HCI, pH 8.5 at 25° C., 50 mM KCI and 5 mM MgCI2; (ii) is substantially specific for single stranded DNA; and (iii) has a 3?-5? exonuclease activity. The invention further provides a method of removing single stranded DNA from a sample, a method of nucleic acid amplification, a method of reverse transcription and a method of nucleic acid sequence analysis in which the exonuclease or enzymatically active fragment thereof is used.

Abstract: The present invention provides culture mediums that are useful for the expression of ADAMTS proteins, such as ADAMTS13. Methods for the expression and purification of ADAMTS proteins are also provided. In some embodiments, the mediums and methods of the invention are useful for the expression of ADAMTS proteins having high specific activities. Also provided are ADAMTS, e.g., ADAMTS13, protein compositions with high specific activities, which are expressed and purified according to the methods provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to enzyme compositions for high temperature saccharification of cellulosic material and to uses thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are deglycosylating enzymes that remove a broad range of N-glycans from N-glycosylated proteins. Further provided are methods of recombinantly producing and expressing the deglycosylating enzymes. The presently described deglycosylating enzymes can be used to produce free glycans for characterization, and for prebiotic and immunostimulatory uses. In addition, the presently described deglycosylating enzymes can be used to produce deglycosylated proteins for characterization, to improve digestion, and to reduce immunogenicity.

Abstract: A yeast cell having a reduced level of activity of NAD dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) has at least one exogenous gene encoding NADP dependent GAPDH and/or has up-regulation of at least one endogenous gene expressing NADP dependent GAPDH, wherein combined expression of the enzymes NADP dependent GAPDH, PDC, ALD, ACS, ACC* and MCR in said host cell increases metabolic flux towards 3-HP via malonyl-CoA compared to an otherwise similar yeast cell lacking said genetic modification.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule, a recombinant microorganism, to a method for producing alanine and to the use of the recombinant nucleic acid molecule or the recombinant microorganism for the fermentative production of alanine.

Abstract: Provided are an insulin conjugate having improved insulin receptor binding affinity and increased activity, in which a non-peptidyl polymer and an immunoglobulin Fc region are site-specifically linked to an amino acid residue of the insulin beta chain excluding the N-terminus thereof via a covalent bond, a long-acting formulation including the same, and a preparation method thereof. The insulin conjugate of the present invention is used to provide an insulin formulation which exhibits a remarkably increased in vivo activity of the peptide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a host cell comprising at least four different heterologous polynucleotides chose from the group of polynucleotides encoding cellulases, hemicellulases and pectinases, wherein the host cell is capable of producing the at least four different enzymes chosen from the group of cellulases, hemicellulases and pectinases, wherein the host cell is a filam-tous fungus and is capable of secretion of the at least four different enzymes. This host cell can suitably be used for the production of an enzyme composition that can be use in a process for the saccharification of cellulosic material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pullulanase variants having increased thermoactivity and comprising substitutions of the parent pullulanase at one or more positions corresponding to positions 393, 143, 150, 243, 244, 345, 346, 368, 370, 373, 381, 382, 385, 387, 402, 429, 430, 431, 432, 456, 486, 492, 610, 624, 631, 632, 665 and 699 of the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 3. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants. The variants are mainly derived from pullulanases from Bacillus deramificans, Bacillus acidopullulyticus or hybrid pullulanases.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure encompass compositions and methods for generating immune responses in an animal or human host. Embodiments of the compositions encompass proteins derived from the surface proteins of bacteria and protozoa, and in particular the flagellum component flagellin, and which have adjunctival properties when administered in conjunction with an immunogen. Embodiments of the compositions of the disclosure are modified to incorporate a heterologous transmembrane-cytoplasmic domain allowing the peptides to be incorporated into virus-like particles. Embodiments of the methods of generating an immunological response in an animal or human comprise exposing the immune system of an animal or human host to an immunogen and a virus-like particle comprising an adjuvant polypeptide including a host cell Toll-like receptor ligand polypeptide having a transmembrane-cytoplasmic tail polypeptide, and a heterologous signal peptide.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of screening, diagnosing, monitoring and/or treating acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) disorders such as Niemann-Pick disease. In particular, the methods encompass techniques for improved diagnosis and/or treatment of an ASM disorder, for example using enzyme replacement therapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alpha-amylase variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to engineered zinc finger proteins that target genes in plants involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. Methods of using such zinc finger proteins in modulating gene expression, gene inactivation, and targeted gene modification are also provided.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions and methods for converting biomass to various chemical intermediates and final products including fuels. Aspects include the depolymerization of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose to a wide slate of depolymerization compounds that can be subsequently metabolized by genetically modified bacterium, and converted to cis,cis-muconic acid. Other aspects include the use of monometallic catalysts for converting the cis,cis-muconic acid to commodity chemicals and fuels, for example adipic acid and/or nylon.

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a process for preparing a genetically modified yeast by multicopy integration of at least four expression cassettes, allowing the production of a molecule of interest at high titer. The subject of the present invention is also yeasts transformed according to said process, and the use thereof for producing hydrocortisone.

Abstract: Synthetic oligonucleotides that comprise a nucleic acid binding protein binding site, PCR primer sequences, and tag sequences that do not bind to nucleic acid binding proteins, with a total length of 85-130 nucleotides are disclosed herein. Also disclosed are libraries and kits comprising the synthetic oligonucleotides as well as methods of detecting nucleic acid binding proteins in a sample using the synthetic oligonucleotides.

Abstract: Methods for making eDNA molecules, for amplification of RNA by PCR and for preparation of cDNA libraries are provided. Kits for making eDNA molecules also are provided. Compositions are also provided comprising mixtures of reagents, including reverse transcriptases, buffers, cofactors and other components, suitable for immediate use in conversion of RNA into eDNA and RT PCR without dilution or addition of further components. These compositions are useful, alone or in the form of kits, for eDNA synthesis or nucleic acid amplification (e.g., by the Polymerase Chain Reaction) or for any procedure utilizing reverse transcriptases in a variety of research, medical, diagnostic, forensic and agricultural applications.

Abstract: Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO) pathway and comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a 1,3-BDO pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce 1,3-BDO. In some embodiments, the pathway includes reducing equivalents from CO or hydrogen. In certain embodiments, a 1,3-BDO pathway proceeds by way of central metabolites pyruvate, succinate or alpha-ketoglutarate. Also provided herein is a method for producing 1,3-BDO, includes culturing such microbial organisms under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce 1,3-BDO.

Abstract: Provided are isolated polynucleotides at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NOs: 1-479, 813-5173, 8511, 8513, 8515, 8517, 8519, 8521, 8523, 9096-9141 and 9142; and isolated polypeptides at least 80% homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 624, 480-623, 625-812, 5174-7015, 7017-7021, 7024, 7026-8510, 8512, 8514, 8516, 8518, 8520, 8522, 8524, 9143-9177, such as the polypeptides set forth in SEQ ID NO:480-812, 5174-8510, 8512, 8514, 8516, 8518, 8520, 8522, 8524, and 9143-9177, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells and plants expressing same and methods of using same for increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, nitrogen use efficiency, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.

Abstract: A method for increasing the molecular diversity of polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides by using recombination to efficiently increase or decrease the number of modules in the polyketide synthase or non-ribosomal peptide synthetase encoding the polyketide or peptide.