Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for detecting and characterizing estrogen receptor-negative solid tumor cancers.

Abstract: In one aspect, provided herein is a method comprising: (a) (i) determining cytolytic activity in a tumor from the subject; and/or (ii) determining genetic alterations associated with cytolytic activity in the tumor; and (b) administering an immunotherapeutic agent to the subject if (i) cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor and/or (ii) a genetic alteration associated with induction of cytolytic activity, tumor resistance to cytolytic activity and/or suppression of cytolytic activity is detected in the tumor.

Abstract: The present inventors show that cannibal cells can undergo senescence after entosis in vivo and that the tumor suppressive protein p53 act as a repressor of this phenomenon. They therefore propose new tools to study the molecular pathways involved in the cannibalism process, for example by measuring the expression levels of p53 or splice variants thereof (such as ?133TP53, TP53?, TP53? or ?40TP53), the release of extracellular ATP or purinergic P2Y2 receptor activity. The present inventors also demonstrated that the detection of senescent cannibal cells in breast adenocarcinoma obtained from patients treated with neo-adjuvant therapy positively correlates with good patient's response to treatment. Altogether, these results provide the first evidence that detection of cellular cannibalism and senescence simultaneously in tumors helps for the diagnosis of disease outcomes and for the prediction of treatment efficiency against cancer diseases.

Abstract: A method of detecting cell membrane expression of an MHC molecule in a subject, a method of treating cancer in a subject with an immunotherapeutic agent, and an MHC complex are provided. The method of detecting cell membrane expression of an MHC molecule includes obtaining a tumor cell sample from a subject, and detecting cell membrane expression of the MHC molecule by contacting the tumor cell sample with an antibody targeting the MHC molecule and detecting binding between the MHC molecule and the antibody. The method of treating cancer in a subject with an immunotherapeutic agent includes detecting cell membrane expression of an MHC molecule in the subject and administering a therapeutically effective amount of the immunotherapeutic agent if the level of cell membrane expression of the MHC molecule exceeds a predetermined standard. The complex includes a tumor cell in complex with an antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, kits, and compositions for detecting and/or diagnosing metastatic potential of cancer cells or for evaluating prognosis in a patient with cancer by detection of the protein expression level of an HLA class I molecule and/or the copy number variation of a polynucleotide encoding the HLA class I molecule. The present invention also relates to the use of the protein expression level of an HLA class I molecule and/or the copy number variation of a polynucleotide encoding the HLA class I molecule as a prognosis biomarker and metastasis predictive biomarker of cancer.

Abstract: Compositions comprising a nucleic acid molecule that encodes TB esat-6 proteins are disclosed. Methods of inducing an immune response against TB an individual are disclosed. Method of treating an individual who has been diagnosed with TB are disclosed. Method of preventing TB infection in an individual are disclosed.

Abstract: The present disclosure, in part, is directed to a mammalian prostate cancer cell line comprising at least one or a set of primary mammalian epithelial cells which have been infected with a retroviral vector carrying an oncogene selected from the group consisting of c-Myc, Ha-Ras, NeuT, c-Src and combinations thereof and in which said gene is expressed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to kits and methods for performing dual-staining immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the detection of specific cell populations in tissue samples containing heterogeneous populations of cells, which can be observed by a light microscope for co-localization of distinct pigments. The method includes providing a tissue sample comprising fixed cells; exposing the sample to first and second ligands that recognize different marker proteins found at the same cellular location, thereby forming a ligand-labeled sample; exposing the ligand-labeled sample to first and second labeling reagents, the first labeling reagent binding to the first ligand and the second labeling reagent binding to the second ligand, the first and second labeling reagents each forming distinct pigments; and identifying the number of cells that display only one particular pigment, or more than one pigment, by the different coloration of the cellular location labeled by the distinct pigment.

Abstract: Among others, the present invention provides apparatus for interacting with a biological subject to detect circulating tumor cells therein, comprising one device for sending a signal to the biological subject and optionally receiving a response to the signal from the biological entity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel small molecule modulators of Nav1.6 channels of the general formulae (I), (II), (III) and (IV), and the uses thereof.

Abstract: Methods for treating and preventing neurodegenerative disease, neurological injury, including stroke, via administration of Transient receptor potential M2 (TRPM2)-inhibitors. The inhibitors may be administered in conjunction with another therapeutic agent or therapeutic regimen. The peptides may be administered to a human male. The peptides may be administered within eight hours of a neurological injury, such as a stroke.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a HTP microbial genomic engineering platform that is computationally driven and integrates molecular biology, automation, and advanced machine learning protocols. This integrative platform utilizes a suite of HTP molecular tool sets to create HTP genetic design libraries, which are derived from, inter alia, scientific insight and iterative pattern recognition. The HTP genomic engineering platform described herein is microbial strain host agnostic and therefore can be implemented across taxa. Furthermore, the disclosed platform can be implemented to modulate or improve any microbial host parameter of interest.

Abstract: This invention is related to use of exosomes for biomarker analysis for early detecting and characterizing of disease progression of cancer. Further, the invention provides bioengineered exosomes for use in methods of targeting and treating cancer.

Abstract: BioMEMS/NEMS appliance biologically monitors an individual, using biosensors to detect cellular components. Data is simulated or analyzed using systems-biology software, which provides diagnostic or therapeutic guidance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide derived from the extracellular domain of syndecan-1 that inhibits angiogenesis.

Abstract: The present invention provides an isolated or recombinant protein consisting of the amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 3 or SEQ ID: NO: 4 and its use in the prevention or treatment of an inflammatory condition.

Abstract: A novel convenient method for evaluating the function of a phagocyte is provided. The method assays sCD14-ST, which is a humoral factor specifically produced in phagocytosis by the phagocyte and which is stable enough for use in an assay. Also provided is a method for detecting diseases associated with the phagocytosis by the phagocyte.

Abstract: A method, system and computer-readable medium for assessing a disease condition of a cancer of a subject, including: receiving a blood sample from the subject; isolating a plurality of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the blood sample; measuring at least one of cell or cell nucleus sizes of each of the plurality of CTCs; determining a measured CTC size distribution of the plurality of CTCs based on the measuring; comparing the measured CTC size distribution to a reference CTC size distribution using a computer; and assigning the disease condition of the cancer of the subject based on the comparing.

Abstract: Provided are an autoantibody specifically binding to an exosomal protein EIF3A (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A) or a fragment including an antigen-binding site (paratope) thereof, a hybridoma cell line producing the autoantibody, a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence of an antigenic determinant (epitope) specifically binding to the autoantibody, a composition for diagnosing liver cancer including an agent measuring an expression level of the autoantibody or the fragment including the antigen-binding site thereof, a kit for diagnosing liver cancer including the composition, and a method of providing information for diagnosis of liver cancer by using the composition. Further, provided is a method of screening for a therapeutic agent for liver cancer by using an expression level of the autoantibody.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides diagnostic methods that are relevant to various cancers and which comprise improvements on a BH3 profiling diagnostic method.

Abstract: A method for expanding circulating tumor cell in vitro includes preparing a cell culture tool having a multi-particle colloidal crystal layer, preparing a cell solution including circulating tumor cells, and contacting the cell solution with the multi-particle colloidal crystal layer, to attach the circulating tumor cells in the cell solution to the multi-particle colloidal crystal layer and rapidly expand by 20 times or more. The multi-particle colloidal crystal layer at least includes first particles having a particle size of 1000 to 5000 nm and second particles having a particle size of 20 to 400 nm. The culture medium in the cell solution at least includes a platelet lysate.

Abstract: Polypeptide marker antigens for detecting the presence of autoantibody biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer recurrence, each of the polypeptide marker antigens binding specifically to at least one autoantibody marker. An antibody binding assay for detecting the presence of autoantibody biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer recurrence, and methods for performing the assay. Methods for determining ovarian cancer recurrence in an ovarian cancer patient. A method for isolating antibodies specific for ovarian cancer by their affinity to the polypeptide marker antigens, and antibodies isolated by that method.

Abstract: This invention provides an anti-REIC antibody that specifically recognizes a cancer-associated protein (REIC/Dkk-3) and enables monitoring of cancer treatment effects involving the use of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene or the REIC/Dkk-3 protein as a medicine. This invention also provides a method of diagnosis involving the use of such antibody.

Abstract: It has now been discovered that activated lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM)—also known as CD166—is the ligand of the innate immune receptor ILT3 that is expressed by DC and monocytes. It has been further discovered that the specific binding of ILT3 to its ligand CD166 on the surface of CD166-expressing cancer cells, arrested cancer cell growth and initiated apoptosis. Therefore, certain embodiments relate to methods and compositions for treating CD166-expressing cancers by administering ILT3Fc, full-length ILT3 or any CD166 ligand-binding fragment thereof.

Abstract: Compositions and methods useful for the treatment of cancer, particularly lymphoma, are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing pancreatic cancer in a patient by detecting a level of one or more glycoforms of a Lewis antigen and a level of the one or more glycoforms of MUC5AC. The patient diagnosed with pancreatic cancer then may be treated for this disease. Also, a method for detecting a level of a glycan in a sample which includes using a capture reagent to immobilize the glycan on a substrate; exposing the immobilized glycan to a detection reagent; detecting the level of the immobilized glycan; and combining the biological sample with one or more pre-capture enzymes and/or exposing the immobilized glycan to one or more pre-detection enzymes.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to IGF-IR (insulin like growth factor receptor-1) antibodies characterized by CDR sequences a, to be used in detection methods of IGF-IR expressing tumoral cells.

Abstract: In certain embodiments, the invention relates to systems and methods for in vivo tomographic imaging of fluorescent probes and/or bioluminescent reporters, wherein a fluorescent probe and a bioluminescent reporter are spatially co-localized (e.g., located at distances equivalent to or smaller than the scattering mean free path of light) in a diffusive medium (e.g., biological tissue). Measurements obtained from bioluminescent and fluorescent modalities are combined per methods described herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a HTP microbial genomic engineering platform that is computationally driven and integrates molecular biology, automation, and advanced machine learning protocols. This integrative platform utilizes a suite of HTP molecular tool sets to create HTP genetic design libraries, which are derived from, inter alia, scientific insight and iterative pattern recognition. The HTP genomic engineering platform described herein is microbial strain host agnostic and therefore can be implemented across taxa. Furthermore, the disclosed platform can be implemented to modulate or improve any microbial host parameter of interest.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a magnetic platform for direct and multiplex immune-based detection of trace amount of protein biomarkers for cancers, neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for diagnosis of a cancer, comprising the steps of (i) determining the level of antibodies against protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) in a sample from a subject to be diagnosed, (ii) comparing the determined level in the sample to a control level derived from subjects without ovarian cancer; wherein a decreased level in the sample from the subject to be diagnosed as compared to the control level is indicative for ovarian cancer in the subject. Furthermore the invention relates to differential diagnosis of cancer and the prediction of the response of a subject to be treated for cancer with a drug.

Abstract: Some embodiments include an apparatus for processing radio frequency multiplexed cell images such as single-cell images, for example radio frequency multiplexed excitation (FIRE) images. The images can be from a particle analyzer, such as a flow and scanning cytometer or a laser scanning microscope. Some embodiments include an apparatus for displaying radio frequency multiplexed cell images such as FIRE images.

Abstract: The invention relates to an isolated antigenic polypeptide comprising an epitope for binding an MCM2 monoclonal antibody, wherein the polypeptide comprises an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: (a) the amino acid as shown in FIG. 1; and (b) the amino acid sequence wherein said sequence is a variant polypeptide modified by addition, deletion or substitution of at least one amino acid residue as represented in FIG. 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of visualizing targets in histological samples, e.g. biopsy samples, wherein the methods comprise staining of the sample with (i) one or more target specific immunochemical stains, and (ii) a histological stain for specific tissue components e.g. iron, mucins glycogen, amyloid, nucleic acids, etc., e.g. hematoxilyn and/or eosin stains or the like, that is used to enhance contrast in the microscopic image of a tissue sample, highlight morphologic structures in the sample for viewing, define and examine tissues, cell populations, or organelles within individual cells. Methods may further comprise evaluation of expression of one or more targets in the sample. The disclosed methods are useful for medical diagnostics.

Abstract: Anti-CD133 monoclonal antibodies having advantageous properties; products, compositions and kits comprising the monoclonal antibodies; methods (processes) of making the monoclonal antibodies and related compositions, as well as methods of using the monoclonal antibodies in analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Abstract: A method of detecting tumor cells in a sample containing cells. In the method, a sample is encapsulated to produce a capsule with the sample encapsulated therein. The capsule containing the sample encapsulated therein is incubated under cell culture conditions suitable for supporting cell activity and growth of tumor cells and the encapsulated sample from the incubated capsule is contacted with a conditionally active antibody that has a higher binding affinity to a cell surface protein of a tumor cell under a first value of a condition of a tumor microenvironment, in comparison with the binding affinity of the conditionally active antibody to the same cell surface protein under a second value of the condition.

Abstract: A sensor device (30) includes an oscillation unit formed in a semiconductor integrated circuit (40) and having an oscillation frequency which changes in accordance with a physical property of an analyte which comes into contact with the oscillation unit; an oscillation frequency detection unit configured to detect the oscillation frequency, and one or more electrode pairs (36) configured to move a specific analyte dispersed in liquid to an arbitrary location.

Abstract: Combination therapies are automatically discovered that provide statistically significantly greater protection against a specific outcome, compared to therapies with fewer treatments. A dataset is received that associates each of a plurality of respective individual treatments with a corresponding outcome and a corresponding set of confounding factors. A plurality of new potential combination therapies are combined iteratively. The received dataset is used to automatically identify at least one candidate combination therapy of the new potential combination therapies that provides a statistically significantly greater protection against an outcome with reference to each of the plurality of respective individual treatments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for-determining a treatment course of action. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for the prediction of a subject's response to cancer therapies and administration of appropriate treatments.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating a cancer with the combination of a topoisomerase II inhibitor (TOP2 inhibitor) and a histone deacetylation inhibitor (HDACi), provides synergistic cancer cell-killing effects, and prolonged overall survival, especially when the expression of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK-1) is low.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a material for aggregating blood cells, used in the preparation of a paraffin block for diagnosing circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and a method for preparing a paraffin block using the same, and more specifically, to a method for detecting CTCs present in the blood through blood sample collection in the preparation of a paraffin block from CTCs, which are present in a very small amount in the blood. The present invention is non-invasive and simple, and thus is very useful for the diagnosis of cancer recurrence and metastatic cancer and for prognosis prediction, and can be a remarkable breakthrough in cancer treatment through the analysis of the onset, metastasis and recurrence mechanisms of cancer.

Abstract: Methods of optically marking and sorting adherent cells are provided. The methods include providing a plurality of adherent cells attached to a substrate, each adherent cell of the plurality of adherent cells having an optical marker. The methods also include selectively applying light energy to a subset of the plurality of adherent cells, and detaching the plurality of adherent cells from the substrate. These methods also provide the sorting of the plurality of adherent cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for the immunoassay of an analyte of interest. The analyte is detected in an immunoassay using three or more antibodies, where in each antibody specifically binds to a different epitope on the analyte. When the analyte of interest in a clinical marker for an acute disease, the detection of the analyte by immunoassay is a diagnosis of the occurrence of the disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed toward methods and kits for detecting cancer, and in particular breast cancer, in a subject by measuring the levels of at least one of the identified markers, as compared to a control. The expression of the markers in Table 2A is increased in samples from subjects with cancer as compared to the expression level in subjects without cancer and the expression of the markers in Table 2B are decreased in samples from subjects with cancer as compared to the expression level in subjects without cancer. The sample may be lacrimal secretions or eye wash fluid, saliva, or other biological fluids. The kits may include an eye wash kit, collection tubes and protease inhibitors, or protein stabilizers.

Abstract: Methods of treating and evaluating subjects having neoactive mutants are described herein.

Abstract: Some embodiments described herein relate to new polymer coatings for surface functionalization and new processes for grafting pre-grafted DNA-copolymers to surface(s) of substrates for use in DNA sequencing and other diagnostic applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides KOC1-derived epitope peptides having the ability to induce cytotoxic T cells. The present invention further provides polynucleotides encoding the peptides, antigen-presenting cells presenting the peptides, and cytotoxic T cells targeting the peptides, as well as methods of inducing the antigen-presenting cells or CTLs. The present invention also provides compositions and pharmaceutical compositions containing them as an active ingredient. Further, the present invention provides methods of treating and/or preventing cancer, and/or preventing postoperative recurrence thereof, using the peptides, polynucleotides, antigen-presenting cells, cytotoxic T cells or pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention. Methods of inducing an immune response against cancer are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for detecting the chromatin state of a cell based on recording a super resolution image of nucleosome organization and correlating said imaged with size of nucleosomal clutches, nucleosomal density and/or number of nucleosomes per nucleosomal clutches. Additionally, the invention relates to a kit comprising a first antibody capable of specifically binding to a histone protein and a photoswitchable fluorophore linked-secondary antibody and the use of the kit of the invention for detecting the chromatin state of a cell and isolating a cell in an open chromatin state or in a closed chromatin state. The invention also relates to a device adapted to detect the chromatin state of a cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods of killing cells. In particular examples, the method includes contacting a cell having a cell surface protein with a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody-IR700 molecule, wherein the antibody specifically binds to the cell surface protein, such as a tumor-specific antigen on the surface of a tumor cell. The cell is subsequently irradiated, such as at a wavelength of 660 to 740 nm at a dose of at least 1 J cm?2. The cell is also contacted with one or more therapeutic agents (such as an anti-cancer agent), for example about 0 to 8 hours after irradiating the cell, thereby killing the cell. Also provided are methods of imaging cell killing in real time, using fluorescence lifetime imaging. Also provided are wearable devices that include an article of clothing, jewelry, or covering; and an NIR LED incorporated into the article, which can be used with the disclosed methods.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for detecting castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in a patient afflicted with prostate cancer comprising (a) performing a direct analysis comprising immunofluorescent staining and morphological characterization of nucleated cells in a blood sample obtained from the patient to detect circulating tumor cells (CTC), (b) determining prevalence of a CTC subpopulation associated with CRPC comprising detecting a measurable feature of each biomarker in a panel of morphological and protein biomarkers, and (c) comparing the prevalence of said CTC subpopulation to a predetermined threshold value, wherein the prevalence of the CTC subpopulation associated with CRPC above said predetermined threshold value is indicative of CRPC. In some embodiments, the CTC subpopulation associated with CRPC comprises CK? CTCs. In some embodiments, the CTC subpopulation associated with CRPC comprises small CTCs.