Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of a morpholinone in combination with a UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: Candles formed from triacylglycerol-based wax are provided. The wax generally has a melting point of about 130 to 145° F. (circa 54 to 63° C.). The wax includes a triacylglycerol component and a polyol partial ester component. Examples of suitable polyol partial esters include fatty acid monoesters of glycerol and/or sorbitan. The triacylglycerol-based wax typically has an Iodine Value of about 20 to 40. The wax commonly includes at least about 70 wt. % of the triacylglycerol component and about 3 to 30 wt. % of the polyol partial ester component. The triacylglycerol component generally has a fatty acid composition which includes about 50 to 70 wt. % saturated fatty acids and about 30 to 45 wt. % 18:1 fatty acids. Methods of producing the candles from the vegetable oil-based wax are also provided.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of an oxazolidine in combination with a UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of a triazine-based piperazinone stabilizer in combination with a UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: Sterically hindered N-substituted alkoxyamines are prepared by the transition-metal-catalyzed decomposition of diazonium salts in the presence of a sterically hindered nitroxyl radical. These compounds are useful as thermal and light stabilizers for a variety of organic substrates.

Abstract: Novel transparent stiff gel candles comprising a hydrocarbon oil, one or more hydrogenated triblock copolymer of a thermoplastic rubber. This invention is related to candles in the form of firm gels, and more particularly to stiff heterophase, thermally reversible mineral oil gels, preferably white oil gels. The candles of the invention contain block copolymers and blends thereof, the copolymers being preferably derived from styrene-rubber block units. The candles are naturally transparent and uncolored. The gelatinous elastomer composite exhibits a novel combination of properties including unexpectedly low processing temperature, high elongation and tensile strength and excellent shape retention after extreme deformation under high velocity impact and stress conditions.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of a piperazinone in combination with a UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of an imidazolidine in combination with a UV absorber and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition which includes a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of an s-triazine UV absorber plus a classic hindered amine and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: A method and composition are disclosed for preventing uncontrolled exothermic reaction in the presence of a catalyst. A catalyst deployed as a finely divided powder which is attached to the surface of a low melting point wax or wax-like material which is utilized as a carrier for the catalyst. During operation should the catalyst overheat due to uncontrolled conditions brought about by a run-away reaction the heat of reaction melts the low melting point wax which would itself wet the surface of the catalyst and prevent further catalysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transparent compositions that may be used as a base material of transparent candles, to the transparent candles made therefrom, and to methods of making such compositions and candles. The compositions of the present invention include a liquid base material; at least one copolymer that includes at least one diblock, triblock, radial block and/or multiblock copolymer or combination thereof; and at least one derivative of an N-acyl amino acid. Preferably the at least one copolymer is a triblock copolymer and the derivative of an N-acyl amino acid is N-lauroyl-glutamic acid di-n-butylamide. The candles of the present invention may be formed into free-standing candles or container candles. The compositions and candles of the present invention may optionally further include one or more of the following: fragrances, coloring agents, decorative materials, insect repellants, solvents, stablilizers, antioxidants, and/or UV blockers.

Abstract: A triacylglycerol-based wax, which can be used in candle making, is provided. The triacylglycerol-based material is predominantly includes a triacylglycerol stock which has a fatty acid profile has no more than about 25 wt. % fatty acids having less than 18 carbon atoms. In addition, the fatty acid profile of the triacylglycerol typically includes at least about 50 wt. % 18:1 fatty acid and no more than about 25 wt. % 18:0 fatty acid. In another embodiment, the triacylglycerol-based material is characterized in part by an Iodine Value of about 60 to 75. For applications such as candles, the wax commonly includes a hydrogenated vegetable oil and palmitic acid. Candles formed from triacylglycerol-based material and methods of producing the candles are also provided.

Abstract: A polymeric candle which undergoes a phase transition from opaque to transparent when lit is described. Methods of making such candles also are described. The candle is formed from a candle composition which includes a wax and a polymeric material. The candle composition has a phase transition temperature of about 35° C. or higher. The candle composition is substantially opaque at a temperature below the phase transition temperature, whereas it becomes substantially transparent at or above the phase transition temperature. In addition to the wax and the polymeric material, the candle composition may further include a hydrocarbon oil or mixtures thereof, such as a white oil and/or a poly-&agr;-olefin.

Abstract: A candle composition in creamy liquid form spreads evenly to assume the shape and size of any candle-safe container. The composition hardens after being heated by a wick and subsequently cooled after the wick is extinguished.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a paraffinbased object, especially a candle, with a proportion of a perfume, in which the perfume is dissolved in a solvent containing an ester, especially an organic ester, e.g. triglyceride and the solution is in turn added to or dissolved in paraffin.

Abstract: Substantially soot free candles are disclosed that incorporate one or more fatty materials (hydrogenated fatty alcohols, free fatty acids (FFA), and/or triglycerides (TG)) having a low Iodine Value (IV). The use of low IV fatty material and proper component percentages results in low soot or soot free compositions that can be blended with paraffin if desired to create very stable, non-sooting or low-sooting candles.

Abstract: A clear plasto-elastomeric material comprising a thermoplastic, an elastomer or a copolymer or a blend thereof, mineral or vegetable oil, or a mixture thereof, and a fire retarding agent, is disclosed. This material has a combination of resiliency and shock absorption and is exceptionally hydro-slimy. Footwear made of this material has a high degree of comfort and shock absorption, slides made with the lining of this material are more efficient than water slides, and candles made with this material are freestanding, unbreakable, and have a very long burning time. The candles have been enhanced with photochromic, thermochromic, iridescent, fluorescent, and phosphorescent materials and with combinations thereof.

Abstract: A composite scented candle has a high load scented shell and a core candle with a similar or lesser fragrance load. The inside candle can be wax, paraffin, gel oil or polyamide-based and can be scented or unscented. The outside shell can be made of paraffin wax and a reinforcement having a melting point of at least 70° C. and is scented at a level so that fragrance is continuously released without burning and is further activated by lighting the core candle. The composite scented candle can be presented as a pillar candle.

Abstract: A method of applying an image to the surface of a wax candle is described, comprising applying the image to a film which is removably attached to a transfer material, wherein the film is a flexible, shape-conforming material which does not exhibit structural rigidity, and applying the film to the surface of the candle. The method can further comprise submerging the candle and applied film into molten wax, e.g. having a melting temperature which is about the same as or lower than the melting temperature of the candle to which the film is applied. Candles made by the method of the invention are also described.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gel candle having a non-metal core wick that stands upright and is not bent, wilted, or submerged in the gel candle body. In one aspect, the method includes providing a gel-forming liquid composition in a candle container having a longitudinal axis running therethrough, the gel-forming liquid composition having an average temperature of between about 195° F. and about 230° F.; thereafter, inserting a wick-clip having a non-metal core wick into the composition in the container when the temperature of the composition substantially in the center of the container is between about 160° F. and about 195° F.; and drawing the wick-clip through the composition and positioning the wick-clip in the container using a magnetic material. After the positioning step, the non-metal core wick is substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the container. In another aspect, the method can further include cooling the composition in the container.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transparent compositions that may be used as a base material of transparent candles, to the transparent candles made therefrom, and to methods of making such compositions and candles. The compositions of the present invention include a liquid base material; at least one copolymer that includes at least one diblock, triblock, radial block and/or multiblock copolymer or combination thereof; and at least one derivative of an N-acyl amino acid. Preferably the at least one copolymer is a triblock copolymer and the derivative of an N-acyl amino acid is N-lauroyl-glutamic acid di-n-butylamide. The candles of the present invention may be formed into free-standing candles or container candles. The compositions and candles of the present invention may optionally further include one or more of the following: fragrances, coloring agents, decorative materials, insect repellants, solvents, stablilizers, antioxidants, and/or UV blockers.

Abstract: A candle construction incorporating a fuel core and a surrounding film having sufficient rigidity and/or stiffness along a vertical direction, to provide support for a fuel core which may be fabricated from a soft, cold-flowing or otherwise non-self-supporting material. The film is preferably fabricated from material(s) that are transparent or translucent, to permit visual inspection of the fuel core, and through the fuel core, if the fuel core is itself transparent or translucent. The film has a softening temperature range, the high end of which is greater than the high end of the melting temperature range of the fuel core material. When the fuel core material is molten and consumed through combustion, the film briefly remains in place to establish a vertical gap to contain the molten fuel material pool. The film may have one or more layers, with different materials and characteristics in the different layers.

Abstract: There is described a smokeless candle which contains insect or Chinese wax, in addition to paraffin wax, to prevent generation of soot, when burning flame of the candle flares.

Abstract: A candle composition in creamy liquid form spreads evenly to assume the shape and size of any candle-safe container. The composition hardens after being heated by a wick and subsequently cooled after the wick is extinguished.

Abstract: A clear transparent candle, which can be scented, is made of a novel composition comprising at least one polyamide resin; at least one aliphatic acid alkyl ester having 16 to 40 carbon atoms total in the acid and alcohol moieties thereof; at least one unsaturated alcohol having 11 to 20 carbon atoms; at least one polyether diol ester; at least one drying agent selected from the group consisting of saturated alcohols having 14 to 22 carbon atoms, fatty acid amides, and fatty acid bis-amides in specified ranges of proportions, 0 to 3 parts by weight of at least one emulsifier, 0 to 10 parts by weight of at least one fragrance and 0 to 1 part by weight of at least one preservative. The candle can stand alone or be in a container.

Abstract: Blooming and/or syneresis in gel formulations can be reduced or eliminated by adding to an organic mixture an effective amount of a polyamide gelling agent having a softening point of less than about 105° C. wherein the polyamide is the reaction product of one or more diamines, optionally one or more mono-amines, one or more hydrogenated C36 dimer acids, optionally one or more C2-22 dicarboxylic acids, and optionally one or more C2-22 monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A candle which contains metallic particles 26A and 26B suspended in the wax 24A and 24B which visually flow continuously in the molten wax puddle 24B whenever the wick 20 is lit with flame 22.

Abstract: The invention concerns a solid or liquid fuel composition capable while burning of producing a selected and varied colored flame other than the color of a standard flame. The composition comprises triethanolamine and a color-forming agent. The invention also concerns a candle or lighting device with a colored flame prepared from the composition. The invention further concerns a method for making a candle with a colored flame comprising the steps of casting the composition into a mold wherein a wick has previously been fixed, cooling the cast composition, and removing the cooled composition from the mold.

Abstract: Gelled hydrocarbon compositions are provided which include a low molecular weight triblock polymer and a medium molecular weight triblock polymer. These gels can be used to make clear candles.

Abstract: Blooming and/or syneresis in gel formulations can be reduced or eliminated by adding to an organic mixture an effective amount of a polyamide gelling agent having a softening point of less than about 105° C. wherein the polyamide is the reaction product of one or more diamines, optionally one or more mono-amines, one or more hydrogenated C36 dimer acids, optionally one or more C2-22 dicarboxylic acids, and optionally one or more C2-22 monocarboxylic acids.

Abstract: A compound includes a mixture of a hydrocarbon oil in a relation of about 75 to 88 in weight percent and at least one copolymer selected from the group of triblock and diblock polymers in a proportion from about 12 to 25 in weight percent, the hydrocarbon oil having a viscosity of at least 180 SUS@ at 37° C. (100° F.) and, when the viscosity is in CST@, the viscosity being greater than 32 CST@ at 40° C. (104° F.), and the flash point being greater than 220° C. (425° F.). Also a free standing candle is made with the compound, the candle maintaining a free standing condition even when lit by means of a flame produced as a consequence of the combustion of a wick that crosses the body of the candle projecting toward outside one of its ends.

Abstract: Candles are disclosed that include a wick, a first phase and a second phase. In one embodiment, the first phase is substantially clear and has a first melting point, the second phase is visually distinct from the first phase and has a second melting point, and the second melting point is greater than or about equal to the first melting point. In another embodiment, the first phase contains a first concentration of gellant in first solvent, the second phase contains a second concentration of gellant in second solvent, and the first and second concentrations are non-identical. In another embodiment, the first and second phases each contain gellant, however the second phase contains components not present in the first phase.

Abstract: Disclosed is a decorative candle containing a glitter material and a suitable candle matrix. The glitter material is selected so as to minimize safety, regulatory or toxicity concerns, such as may exist with the use in candles of conventional glitter materials. The glitter material is further selected such that conventional candle matrices and conventional processing techniques can be utilized for preparation of the decorative candle.

Abstract: A curable composition is placed on a candle, and then the composition is exposed to curing conditions such as ultraviolet light, to thereby cure the coating composition and provide a candle having a cured coating. The curable composition may be the reaction product of TMPTA (trimethylolpropanetriacrylate), itself the reaction product of trimethylolpropane and acrylic acid) and oleyl amine (an unsaturated primary amine having eighteen carbons). The candle may be made of wax or a gelled solvent, i.e., a mixture of gellant and solvent, particularly a hydrocarbon or other low polarity solvent. The undiluted coating may be applied by spraying on the oily surface of the candle. Ultraviolet cure of the coating occurs in 1-2 seconds.

Abstract: A candle is disclosed, containing a candle-forming component including a paraffin wax and stearic acid, added and mixed with Tetrahydro methylabietate and dihydro Methylabietate, Isopropyl Myristate, &agr;-Amylcinnamic Alcohol, Iso Bornyl Cyclohexanol, and Tri Ethyl Citrate. The candle has an effect for suppressing the exhalation of a nasty odor (an odor at extinguishing) generated when a flame has been extinguished, as well as an effect that, when the odor at extinguishing is vaporized by heat and diffused into air, molecules of various odors hanging in the air are trapped, whereby the air in the whole of a room is made refreshed.

Abstract: Sterically hindered N-substituted aryloxyamines are prepared by the transition-metal-catalyzed decomposition of diazonium salts in the presence of a sterically hindered nitroxyl radical. These compounds are useful as thermal and light stabilizers for a variety of organic substrates.

Abstract: Substantially soot free candles that incorporate paraffin and fatty material (hydrogenated triglycerides (TG) and/or free fatty acids (FFA)) that has a low Iodine Value (IV). The use of low IV fatty material and proper component percentages results in low soot or soot free candles. Paraffin/TG, paraffin/TG/FFA and paraffin/FFA candles are disclosed as are appropriate component percentages and/or IV values to achieve desired low or non sooting characteristics.

Abstract: A composition for forming a candle, a candle product fabricated of the composition, and a method for making the candle product. The composition includes a mixture of a lesser amount of combustible wax material and a greater amount of combustible gelatinous material as exemplified by a ratio by weight of paraffin wax to gel from about 5-15 percent paraffin wax to about 95-75 percent mineral oil gel. Optionally, a pigment and/or fragrance can be included. The method of making a candle product incorporating the composition first includes forming the combustible composition by the steps of (a) heat-melting a combustible wax material; (b) heat-melting a combustible gelatinous material; and (c) mixing a lesser amount of the melted wax material with a greater amount of the melted gelatinous material for producing a flowable composition. The composition then is poured into a mold shaped as the candle product to be formed while a wick is provided within, and extending outwardly from, the mold.

Abstract: There is described a smokeless candle which contains insect or Chinese wax, in addition to paraffin wax, to prevent generation of soot, when burning flame of the candle flares.

Abstract: A decorative candle and method of forming a decorative candle are disclosed. The decorative candle is fabricated from a wax material that defines a bottom layer having a top surface. At least one flanged gelatinous component formed from a mineral oil gel is placed onto the top surface of the bottom layer. A second layer of wax having a top layer is added such that the entire flange portion of the gelatinous component is covered, but at least a portion of the decorative (non-flange) portion of the gelatinous component protrudes above the top surface of the top layer of the candle.

Abstract: A decorative product has at least one, but preferably many solid icons made of ester-terminated polyamide (ETPA) and low-polarity liquid such as mineral oil. A clear medium such as clear ETPA-based polymer, is around the icon. The medium may be in a clear jar and a wick may extend through the medium to form a candle.

Abstract: A decorative candle display including a transparent container with an interior wall surface having disposed thereon a transparent combustible gelatinous liner. Situated on the liner is at least one shaped generally opaque structure fabricated of an opaque combustible wax material and a transparent combustible gelatinous material. An opaque combustible filler material is disposed within the container interiorly from the liner and visible therethrough, and a wick extends exteriorly from the filler material. Glitter particulate can be included in the liner to enhance glisten, while pigment and/or fragrance can be incorporated within the gelatinous and/or filler materials.

Abstract: White, dyed, dipped, unscented and/or scented candle wax is effectively stabilized against discoloration and fading by the incorporation therein of a red-shifted benzotriazole either alone or in combination with a hindered amine and/or an antioxidant.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A candle is provided having an inner core with a top end, a bottom end, an outer surface, and a wick; a middle layer attached to said outer surface of said inner wax core; and an outer layer attached to said middle layer. The middle layer of the candle is a foil sheet with designs cut into the sheet. The candle has a translucent inner core and an opaque middle layer. The outer layer has an opacity such that the middle layer is visible only when said wick is lit. The outer layer and the middle layer of the candle have a melting point higher than the melting point of the inner core. A method for making the candle is also provided.

Abstract: A vegetable lipid-based composition comprised of a vegetable lipid component and a petroleum wax is described. The vegetable lipid component may include a triglyceride or a free fatty acid/triglyceride mixture. The vegetable lipid-based composition has properties that make it advantageous in candle production.

Abstract: A decorative candle and method of forming a decorative candle are disclosed. The decorative candle is fabricated from a wax material that defines a bottom layer having a top surface. At least one flanged gelatinous component formed from a mineral oil gel is placed onto the top surface of the bottom layer. A second layer of wax having a top layer is added such that the entire flange portion of the gelatinous component is covered, but at least a portion of the decorative (non-flange) portion of the gelatinous component protrudes above the top surface of the top layer of the candle.

Abstract: A method of forming a decorative candle. The method comprises providing a candle which is fabricated from a wax material that defines a top surface. Next, a source of heat is applied to the candle until at least that portion of the wax which defines the top surface thereof is melted. Then at least one gelatinous component formed from a mineral oil gel is placed onto the top surface such that the component is at least partially inserted into the molten wax. The candle is allowed to cool thereby hardening the molten wax and securing the gelatinous component. The melting point of the gelatinous component is higher than the melting point of the wax such that the component will not melt when placed upon the molten wax.