Abstract: A polishing pad having a body comprising fibers embedded in a matrix polymer formed by a reaction of polymer precursors. The loose fibers define and the precursors were mixed first with curatives, then mold into a pad form. The pad may include a thin layer of free fibers at its polishing surface. A segment of at least a portion of the free fibers are embedded in the adjacent body of the polymer and fibers.

Abstract: A nonwoven scouring fabric, including a fabric made of coarse fibers interconnected to one another to form a three-dimensional network; a continuous or a discontinuous layer of synthetic resin, or the like, adhering to the fibers, which has a content of abrasive grains; reflectors being additionally bonded at the surface of the layer, which are incorporated in the network by a scattering procedure via at least one side of the nonwoven scouring fabric.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for creating a differential polish rate across a semiconductor wafer. The profile or topography of the semiconductor wafer is determined by locating the high points and low points of the wafer profile. The groove pattern of a polish pad is then adjusted to optimize the polish rate with respect to the particular wafer profile. By increasing the groove depth, width, and/or density of the groove pattern of the polish pad the polish rate may be increased in the areas that correspond to the high points of the wafer profile. By decreasing the groove depth, width, and/or density of the groove pattern of the polish pad the polish rate may be decreased in the areas that correspond to the low points of the wafer profile. A combination of these effects may be desirable in order to stabilize the polish rate across the wafer surface in order to improve the planarization of the polishing process.

Abstract: A superabrasive wire saw having a plurality of individual coated superabrasive particles attached to a wire with an organic binder is disclosed and described. The superabrasive particle can be coated with a solidified coating of a molten braze alloy that is chemically bonded to the superabrasive particle. The organic binder can optionally contain filler materials and/or an organometallic coupling agent to improve the retention of coated superabrasive particles. The resulting superabrasive wire saws can be produced having diameters of less than 0.5 mm which significantly reduce kerf loss. Various methods for making and using such a superabrasive wire saw are additionally disclosed and described.

Abstract: The invention provides a backing for an abrasive article comprising a sheet-like polymeric substrate having a first major surface including a pattern of non-abrasive raised areas and depressed areas and an opposite second major surface including a plurality of shaped engaging elements that are one part of a two-part mechanical engagement system. An abrasive product is provided by coating at least the raised areas of the backing with an abrasive coating.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a burnishing pad, capable of removing dirt by burnishing a place (i.e., a dirty point) onto which dirt attaches to impart sufficient luster, and being biodegraded; a burnishing machine equipped with the burnishing pad; and a burnishing method using the burnishing pad. The burnishing pad of the invention is comprised of a lock-like fiber composite in which adjacent fibers are bonded at intersection thereof, wherein said fiber is at least one selected from the group consisting of a vegetable fiber and an animal fiber. And another burnishing pad is a fiber composite comprised of thick fibers of 150 ?m or more in fiber diameter. These pads can be equipped with a porous supporting layer, respectively. The porous supporting layer has a mean 5% modulus strength of 20 N/5 cm width or more at 70° C. and a unit area weight of 100 g/m2 or less.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing to polish a substrate having a layer to be polished thereon is described. A pre-polishing process is performed using a softer polishing pad to remove partially raised parts of the layer to be polished before conducting a polishing process using a harder polishing pad. Since the first polishing pad is flexible, porous and with low density, the first polishing pad can be deformed to increase contact areas between the first polishing pad and the raised part of the layer to be polished, and the abrasives are embedded easily in holes of the surface of the first polishing pad. Ultimately, the layer to be polished can be polished directly during the pre-polishing process. Therefore, the processing time is reduced, the consumption of the slurry is decreased and the process cost can be cut down substantially.

Abstract: A surface treating article including a surface treating member and a fastener including a fiducial. The present invention also provides a preferred method of making a surface treating article that includes to a method of sensing the location of a fasteners on a surface treating web and thereafter cutting the surface treating web around the fastener to provide a surface treating article.

Abstract: An abrasive ground fabric which is a composite ground fabric comprising a fiber substrate and a elastic polymer filled in the fiber substrate, wherein (1) the fiber substrate is composed of bundles, each consisting of 20 to 3,000 fine fibers, and (2) the average diameter (D1) of fine fibers existent in a center portion from the center of the cross section perpendicular to a lengthwise direction of each bundle to ½ of the radius of each bundle is 0.3 to 10 &mgr;m, the average diameter (D2) of fine fibers existent in a peripheral portion from ½ of the radius to the end of each bundle is 0.05 to 1 &mgr;m, and the D1/D2 ratio is 1.5 or more. According to the present invention, the abrasive ground fabric is suitably used for the texturing of a substrate in the production of a magnetic recording medium, particularly a hard disk, enables high-accuracy surface finish and has excellent strength.

Abstract: A supporting disk for a surface grinding wheel comprises a glass-fiber reinforced phenolic resin body which has an upper covering layer of a textile glass fabric or a glass-yarn layer, an intermediate layer of a fiber mat, and a lower covering layer of a textile glass fabric or a glass-yarn layer.

Abstract: A polishing pad for use in chemical mechanical polishing of substrates that being made of a porous structure comprising a matrix consisting of fibers, such as cotton linter cellulose bound with a thermoset resin, such as phenolic resin. The polishing pad surface has voids in which polishing slurry flows during chemical mechanical polishing of substrates, and in which debris formed during the chemical-mechanical polishing of substrates is temporarily stored for subsequent rinsing away. The polishing surface of the pad is ground to form asperities that aid in slurry transport and polishing, as well as opening the porous structure of the pad. The porous pad contains nanometer-sized filler-particles that reinforce the structure, imparting an increased resistance to wear as compared to prior-art pads. Also disclosed is a method of making the polishing pad.

Abstract: A polishing pad having a body comprising fibers embedded in a matrix polymer formed by a reaction of polymer precursors. The fibers define interstices, and the precursors fill these interstices substantially completely before completion of the reaction. The pad may include a thin layer of free fibers at its polishing surface. A segment of at least a portion of the free fibers are embedded in the adjacent body of the polymer and fibers. The fibers may be separate, or in the form of a woven or non-woven web.

Abstract: A polishing material for chemical mechanical polishing has a mesh of fibers and a binder material holding the fibers in the mesh. The binder material coalesced among the fibers to leave pores in the interstices between the fibers of the mesh. The fibers and binder material provide the polishing material with a brittle texture. The fibers can be cellulose, and the binder material can be a phenolic resin.

Abstract: A polishing cloth has a base material of a woven cloth formed by weaving in woven bundles of plastic fibers and its surface layer is formed by portions of these woven bundles which are cut and raised from a surface. When such a polishing cloth is used for texturing a target surface of a disk substrate, the target surface is rubbed by such a cloth while a liquid slurry containing free abrasive particles are supplied to the surface.

Abstract: A nonabsorbent, abrasive scrubbing pad, especially for domestic use in the kitchen or bathroom, comprising a nonwoven web of fibers in which the fibers have coated thereon a mixture of antimicrobial compounds. The antimicrobial compounds are dispersed in a coating material that is applied to the fibers and then cured to anchor the antimicrobial compounds in the coating and prevent their being leached. The coating preferably also has dispersed therein abrasive particles to provide an abrasive scrubbing pad. More broadly, any substrate can be provided with an antimicrobial coating by mixing into a curable, film-forming composition an antimicrobial compound, coating the substrate with the mixture, and curing the mixture on the substrate.

Abstract: A buff is made from a non-woven fabric where the fibers are first carded and formed into a fairly thick fleece. The fleece is passed over a topographical surface on, for example, a moving belt or a drum. The fleece is subject to a bow-tie hydroentanglement process where many fine jets of water entangle the fibers on the topographical surface. Excess water is vacuumed from the system. The fabric is dried and chemically treated. With the fabric a variety of buffing tools are made, in wheel, belt or roll form. Tests against standard and mill treatment buffs show a remarkably lower fabric weight loss percentage and lower or normal operating temperatures. The fabric has exceptional mechanical strength having a tensile strength in excess of 650 N/50 mm according to DIN 29073/3. Preferably the fabric has a tensile strength of at least 1,000 N/50 mm in the machine direction and in excess of 900 N/50 mm in the cross direction according to such DIN.

Abstract: A dental polishing tip is adapted to be coupled to a dental drive apparatus. The apparatus rotates the tip, thereby polishing the teeth. The tip includes: (i) a post having a proximal end and an opposing distal end, the proximal end being adapted to be coupled to the dental drive apparatus; (ii) an electrostatically flocked polishing head. The electrostatic flocking material on the polishing head at least temporarily increases the retention of the polishing material on the polishing head, thereby deceasing splattering.

Abstract: Pads and methods of making the pads for applications such as polishing substrates and chemical mechanical planarization of substrates are provided. The pads include a substantially smooth surface for improved performance.

Abstract: A polishing material for chemical mechanical polishing has a mesh of fibers and a binder material holding the fibers in the mesh. The binder material coalesced among the fibers to leave pores in the interstices between the fibers of the mesh. The fibers and binder material provide the polishing material with a brittle texture. The fibers can be cellulose, and the binder material can be a phenolic resin.

Abstract: In a method of grinding side end surfaces of substrates, spacers are interposed between the substrates to form a stack of the substrates and the spacers. The spacers are slightly smaller in size than the substrates. The stack of the substrates and the spacers are ground by a rotatable brush or pad on the side end surfaces of the substrates so as to smooth chamfered portions of the substrates together with the side end surfaces.

Abstract: A buff is made from a non-woven fabric where the fibers are first carded and formed into a fairly thick fleece. The fleece is passed over a topographical surface on, for example, a moving belt or a drum. The fleece is subject to a bow-tie hydroentanglement process where many fine jets of water entangle the fibers on the topographical surface. Excess water is vacuumed from the system. The fabric is dried and chemically treated. With the fabric a variety of buffing tools are made, in wheel, belt or roll form. Tests against standard and mill treatment buffs show a remarkably lower fabric weight loss percentage and lower or normal operating temperatures. The fabric has exceptional mechanical strength having a tensile strength in excess of 650 N/50 mm according to DIN 29073/3. Preferably the fabric has a tensile strength of at least 1,000 N/50 mm in the machine direction and in excess of 900 N/50 mm in the cross direction according to such DIN.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a fiber-reinforced rotationally symmetrical tool carrier, a corresponding manufacturing method and a grinding tool. The tool carrier can be separably connected to a rotary drive and contains a tool receptacle surface for receiving a grinding, rough-grinding and/or polishing element. The tool carrier and the grinding tool contain a fiber reinforcement that consists at least partially of natural fibers.

Abstract: Bath ball structure including a bathing body and a string tying the bathing body. The bathing body is composed of multiple brushing layers overlapping one another and thermally fused with one another at the center thereof. One face of each brushing layer is formed with a number of through holes. The other face of the brushing layer is formed with a number of corresponding abrasive projections with good frictional force. The bathing body is repeatedly folded back and forth to form a semiproduct of the bath ball having multiple crimps. The string is tied at the thermal fusion seam of the center of the semiproduct to form a bath ball product. When used or sold, the respective brushing layers of the bath ball product are pulled outward to form the bath ball.

Abstract: A polishing element for mineral or organic optical glass, adapted to be mounted on a rotatable support, of a shape suitable for that of the glass to be polished, includes a base constituted by a polymeric film, of a woven or non-woven fabric, having, at its surface, a flocking of fibers of viscose and or polyamide fixed on the base by glue, the fibers having a length between 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm.

Abstract: A flap disc consists of a backing plate to whose peripheral zone laminae overlapping like a fan or roof tiles are attached. In order to improve the abrasive effect of such a flap disc using less material and simpler production, the lamellae 10 consist of first lamellae 12, comprising a backing 14, a base bonding coat 15 applied to the backing, a layer of abrasive grain 16 deposited over the base bonding coat 15, and a size coat 18 over the layer of deposited abrasive grain 16, and second lamellae 20, consisting of a backing 22 and a layer 24 with grinding active fillers applied to the backing.

Abstract: The invention is related to a device far processing substantially flat workpieces, said device comprising a transport surface for transporting each of the workpieces through the device, and a processing unit, comprising of a processing element having an abrasive surface and being movable parallel to the transport surface in order to come into contact with each of the workpieces to be processed, a driving shaft and a carrier connected thereto for supporting the processing element, the driving shaft being tranversally positioned with respect to the carrier and the processing element comprising support members for supporting the abrasive surface, said support members being positioned at an angle of less than 90° with respect to the processing element, by which a multi-sided processing of the workpiece is achieved.

Abstract: A polishing material for chemical mechanical polishing has a mesh of fibers and a binder material holding the fibers in the mesh. The binder material coalesced among the fibers to leave pores in the interstices between the fibers of the mesh. The fibers and binder material provide the polishing material with a brittle texture. The fibers can be cellulose, and the binder material can be a phenolic resin.

Abstract: A continuous loop polishing pad that is reinforced by a reinforcing filler and a method for fabricating the polishing pad are described. The reinforced polishing pad is constructed by a sub-layer and a top layer, wherein the sub-layer defines an inner diameter of the polishing pad and contains a reinforcing filler with an aspect ratio of at least 10 oriented substantially in a circumferential direction of the continuous loop polishing pad. The top layer is laminated to the sub-layer with a top surface defining an outer diameter of the polishing pad, while both the sub-layer and the top layer are formed of a polymeric material. The invention further describes a method for fabricating the reinforced polishing pad in a continuous loop.

Abstract: A grinding wheel for polishing, which comprises a grinding substrate and diamond-containing resin fibers implanted in the substrate in a form of a brush.

Abstract: A porous, roll-grinding tool has an abrasive surface which is adapted to contact and grind the surface of a roll and configured to a planar polygonal shape having 4 to 20 sides. Using the grinding tool, a roll can be ground within a satisfactory dimensional tolerance, with feed marks crossing the circumferential direction of the roll at a small feed mark pitch inclination angle, so that no streaky printing defects will be produced when the ground roll is used in printing.

Abstract: A polishing pad is provided which is comprised of vertically oriented hollow fibers. Such pads can be produced by electrostatically flocking fibers onto a substrate.

Abstract: A resilient flexible sanding sponge including a foam backing layer having a layer of abrasive particles distributed along one of its major surfaces that are adhered together and to the backing layer by a layer of flexible adhesive material. That backing layer has about the same flexibility and conformability as the backing layers on prior art sanding sponges, while having a significantly higher tear strength than prior art sanding sponges. That high tear strength backing layer can either be (1) a layer of felted urethane foam; or (2) a layer of foam that encompasses a reinforcing material.

Abstract: A polishing pad with a polishing layer having a macro-texture and a micro-texture wherein the polishing layer is formed by solidifying a flowable material, the polishing layer further comprising hard domains and soft domains, each domain having an average size less than 100 microns.

Abstract: A coated abrasive backing consisting of an endless, seamless, loop is provided. The backing loop includes about 40-99% by weight of an organic polymeric binder, based upon the weight of the backing; and an effective amount of a fibrous reinforcing material engulfed within the organic polymeric binder material. The endless, seamless backing loop includes a length with parallel side edges, and at least one layer of fibrous reinforcing material engulfed within the organic polymeric binder material such that there are regions of organic binder material free of fibrous reinforcing material on opposite surfaces of the layer of fibrous reinforcing material. The fibrous reinforcing material can be in the form of individual fibrous strands, a fibrous mat structure, or a combination of the these. A method for preparing the endless, seamless backing loop for a coated abrasive belt is also provided.

Abstract: A coated abrasive backing consisting of an endless, seamless, loop is provided. The backing loop includes about 40-99% by weight of an organic polymeric binder, based upon the weight of the backing; and an effective amount of a fibrous reinforcing material engulfed within the organic polymeric binder material. The endless, seamless backing loop includes a length with parallel side edges, and at least one layer of fibrous reinforcing material engulfed within the organic polymeric binder material such that there are regions of organic binder material free of fibrous reinforcing material on opposite surfaces of the layer of fibrous reinforcing material. The fibrous reinforcing material can be in the form of individual fibrous strands, a fibrous mat structure, or a combination of the these. A method for preparing the endless, seamless backing loop for a coated abrasive belt is also provided.

Abstract: A multilayered polishing pad especially suitable for chemical-mechanical polishing or planarizing metal, semiconductor or optical surfaces is provided. The invention allows the mechanical and polishing properties of the several layers to be independently varied.

Abstract: A finishing star or spinner abrasive tool is formed of inner and outer packs of square sheets of abrasive cloth or sandpaper with the inner packs angularly offset from the outer packs on the mandrel axis. Each sheet is formed with discontinuous radial slits extending beyond an unslit center section around a center fastener forming the mandrel drive hole. The slits provide surface flexibility while maintaining sheet integrity as it wears to circular form. An optional backing core is provided in the middle of the tool in the form of a cloth-sisal quilt acting as a cushion backing for the sheets, and which may retain coolant or compound during operation. The tool has longer working life with improved flexibility and working characteristics.

Abstract: A rotary surface finishing tool includes a generally circular body of a finishing material, such as polymeric foam, the peripheral edge of which is wrapped around the outer edge of a circular cup-shaped backing plate. The plate is subsequently crimped over the edge of a locking ring to capture the edge of the foam material therebetween. Other types of finishing material, such as tufted wool, including a backing with a flexible peripheral edge can also be mounted to a backing plate using the crimping techniques described herein.

Abstract: A polishing cloth has a base material of a woven cloth formed by weaving in woven bundles of plastic fibers and its surface layer is formed by portions of these woven bundles which are cut and raised from a surface. Such a polishing cloth can be produced by preparing a woven cloth as its base material by weaving in woven bundles of plastic fibers, cutting portions of these woven bundles over a surface of the woven cloth, and forming a surface layer by raising the cut portions of the woven bundles from a surface. When such a polishing cloth is used for texturing a target surface of a disk substrate, the target surface is rubbed by such a cloth while a liquid slurry containing free abrasive particles are supplied to the surface.

Abstract: An abrasive tool includes a rotatable hub from which extends a bundle of plastic abrasive monofilaments. The bundle has a high filament count and each filament includes a substantial amount of abrasive uniformly entrained therein. After the bundle is secured to the hub, the tool is placed in a mold completely enclosing at least the projecting bundle and a foamable elastomer is injected into the mold to produce a light density cellular matrix bond encapsulating the filaments. The preferred plastic for the plastic monofilaments is nylon 6-12 and the preferred elastomer is a low density (2-20 lbs/cu/ft) polyurethane. The cellular matrix bond for the preferred applications upon wear does not produce a liquid phase at even high tool pressures. Radially extending enlarged coolant passages may be formed during the encapsulation and injection process step. The tool may be in disk, cup or twisted stem form.

Abstract: A polymeric foam finishing pad is made by attaching an array of foam fingers to a suitable support substrate. The foam fingers are attached to the substrate in a continuous strip of interconnected fingers or may be individually inserted into a support substrate and attached to the substrate by an adhesive layer. Each of the foam members is preferably formed in and cut from an advancing foam strip and folded and inserted into a preformed opening contained in the support substrate, such that each foam member forms a pair of fingers that extend from the front face of the support substrate. The outer tip of each foam finger may include a pair of slits extending into the foam member from the outer tip to divide each outer tip into a plurality of contact tips, thereby increasing the amount of surface contact between the finishing pad and the surface being finished. The tips of the fingers may also be provided with abrasive particles to provide a more aggressive pad finishing surface.

Abstract: A nonabsorbent, abrasive scrubbing pad, especially for domestic use in the kitchen or bathroom, comprising a nonwoven web of fibers in which the fibers have coated thereon a mixture of antimicrobial compounds. The antimicrobial compounds are dispersed in a coating material that is applied to the fibers and then cured to anchor the antimicrobial compounds in the coating and prevent their being leached. The coating preferably also has dispersed therein abrasive particles to provide an abrasive scrubbing pad.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a core drill for drilling a fine hole which can securely fix an abrasive grain to a core material, can finish to a predetermined diameter in a relatively easy manner, and can manufacture one having a superfine diameter about some &mgr;m, and a method of manufacturing the same. A core drill for drilling a fine hole in accordance with the invention for achieving the object is structured such as to drill a fine hole onto a work, or grind an inner diameter of the drilled fine hole to a predetermined shape, and characterized by bundling ceramics long fibers so as to make a core material, impregnating the core material with a molten synthetic resin so as to harden, and holding an abrasive grain by the synthetic resin.

Abstract: This invention describes a method of making abrasive products such as discs with enhanced resistance to deformation as a result of the influence of moisture by laminating a coated abrasive having a fibrous backing lacking dimensional stability when exposed to humidity to a secondary backing comprising an isotropic mat of fibers in a matrix of a polymer.

Abstract: Surface treating articles and methods for the manufacture of such articles are provided. The articles of the invention comprise a rotatable core; a plurality of surface treating segments, the segments having first ends adjacent the core and second ends opposite the first ends; and a cured, expanded adhesive composition bonding the surface treating segment to the core, the adhesive composition comprising (a) an organic epoxide compound having an epoxide functionality of at least 1, (b) an epoxide hardener, (c) a film-forming material, and (d) a foaming agent; wherein the expanded adhesive provides a substantially continuous bond area extending from the core into and around the first end of the segments.

Abstract: A polishing belt is made from a woven base layer with a matte affixed thereon. The matte includes a plurality of batting fibers with abrasives. These abrasives are permanently mounted on the batting fibers. The abrasives can include abrasive particles impregnated or securely bonded to the shafts of the fibers. Alternatively, wool fibers can be used. These wool fibers can have spaced ridges along the shafts of the fibers. Otherwise, edges of the fibers themselves can be used as an abrasive. The fibers with such edges can have a triangular or star shape in cross section whereby the edges are formed. These edges will act as the abrasive. With this belt, it is possible to polish paper. The paper is passed by the polishing belt. The paper will move at a first speed and the polishing belt will move at a different second speed. The abrasives on the fibers of the polishing belt will abrade the surface of the paper.

Abstract: A longitudinally extending web of lofty nonwoven abrasive surface treatment material is provided in a coreless roll form to the end user. Successive wraps of the nonwoven abrasive material have interengaging surfaces sufficient to maintain the material in a spirally wrapped configuration yet being readily separable. A plurality of longitudinally spaced and laterally disposed perforations through the web permit the user to successively separate the web into a plurality of sheets of abrasive surface treatment material. In a preferred embodiment, the roll is encased in a protective shrink wrap sheath, and each sheet is separated from the roll by separating said sheet from an innermost wrap of the roll. In another preferred embodiment, the abrasive surface treatment material includes abrasive particles of 1000 grade or finer.

Abstract: A grinding product and a method of making same. The grinding product comprises a woven or knitted cloth of multifilament threads (1) whose fibers (2) form projecting loops (3), and separate agglomerates (4) of grinding material applied to the loops. During the grinding, different sides of the agglomerates (4) come into contact with the surface to be ground, which prolongs the service life of the grinding product. The agglomerates also form a gap between the cloth and the surface to be ground, through which gap the grinding dust can be removed.

Abstract: A material adapted for the preparation of a working tool contains long fiberglass arranged in the form of an entwined yarn and at least one thermosettable resin containing abrasive grains dispersed therein, which impregnates the entwined fiberglass yarn. Upon shaping and curing, a working tool is readily formed from this material in the form of any of a rotor, a stick or other desired shape.

Abstract: A polymeric foam finishing pad is made by attaching a dense array of individual foam members to a suitable support substrate. The foam members are individually inserted into a support substrate and attached to the substrate by an adhesive layer. When making the foam pad, each of the foam members is preferably folded and inserted into a preformed opening contained in the support substrate, such that each foam member forms a pair of fingers that extend from the front face of the support substrate. The outer tip of each foam finger may include a pair of slits extending into the foam member from the outer tip.