Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide a high-tension safety net that may be attached to a trampoline using a plurality of safety poles. The safety poles may be attached to the frame of the trampoline. The safety poles include a plurality of top caps, each top cap adapted to receive and hold a tether attached to the safety net. The safety net may include a high-tension line at its top that attaches to the plurality of tethers. The safe net may be attached to the trampoline following a set of assembly procedures that does not require trampoline assembly workers of average height to use a ladder to attach the safety net.

Abstract: Systems and methods for long-term disposal of nuclear and/or radioactive waste materials, in liquid, solid, and/or other physical forms, using an array deeply located human-made caverns (caverns), wherein the array of caverns are within a deep geologic rock formation and below a grid pattern on a surface of the Earth. Each cavern is made from a substantially vertical wellbore, by drilling and under reaming operations upon a distal portion of the substantially vertical wellbore. At least some of the caverns may be connected by intersecting substantially lateral wellbores that may facilitate injection of protective materials into the caverns that are so intersected. The nuclear and/or radioactive waste may be preprocessed from original surface storage site(s), transported, temporarily surface stored, and then finally further processed at a selected wellsite before injection into a given of the subterranean deep caverns within the deep geologic rock formation.

Abstract: A demarcation arrangement for a playing zone directed to a sports involving alternating or dual zones while a game is played. The present disclosure includes a corner-shaped device configured to be located at the corner of a sport zone, wherein said corner-shaped structure comprising a particular indicia and configured to be part of the playing zone while it is visually distinctive from the boundaries lines of said playing zone.

Abstract: A field demarcation boundary line system includes a first boundary strip sufficiently durable to withstand tearing due to stepping thereon. The first boundary strip includes a width, a top surface area, and an advertisement on the top surface area. The system further includes a fastening device configured to secure the first boundary strip to the ground. The method includes displaying the advertisement on the top surface of the first strip for viewing access to the spectator.

Abstract: A ball distance measuring system incorporates a support received over a reference ball. A reference on the support has a diameter differing from a diameter of the reference ball by a predetermined amount visually distinguishable from a circumference of the reference ball presenting an even visual separation confirming concentric coincidence when centered with respect to the reference ball.

Abstract: A unitized photovoltaic assembly is disclosed. A unitized photovoltaic assembly consists of a unitary frame designed to retain a plurality of photovoltaic modules. The unitary frame is formed by orienting a plurality of rails in the lateral direction above and mounted to a plurality of struts oriented in the vertical direction. Once the unitary framed is formed, photovoltaic modules slide into slots running the length of the rails and are thus retained in the unitary frame. Also added to the unitary frame are a series of power conversion elements, retaining brackets, mounting brackets, and cleaning elements. The completed unitized photovoltaic assembly can be fabricated off-site, transported as a single unit and installed to a roof or other surface with the use of a specialized lifting frame, also disclosed. Additional unitized photovoltaic assemblies can be mechanically and electrically interconnected to form a complete photovoltaic system.

Abstract: A portable system for playing sports and methods of providing the same are described. In its assembled form, the system can have a generally two-dimensional configuration. The system includes a first member that defines an outer boundary of a sports court, and a second member that defines a space between opposing sides of the court. The first and second members can be movable with respect to one another so as to adjust the size and position of the space. The horizontally-extending space can take the place of a net that would otherwise be present in a system for playing net sports. The system also include anchors that anchor the first and second members to the ground.

Abstract: A badminton play set in which all components is illuminated, comprising a boundary line, a net, a pair of racquets, and a shuttlecock. The play set provides a means for participating in the game of badminton during not only daytime, but also nighttime via an illumination means on each component of said play set.

Abstract: A rebounding panel apparatus for adding a further playable surface for a table tennis table. The rebounding panel apparatus comprises a support member, having table attachment means thereon to permit attachment to a side edge of the table tennis table. A substantially flat rebounding panel is provided, pivotably coupled to an upper portion of the support member. The support member when attached to the table is adapted to support said rebounding panel member above a plane in which said table lies, and the pivotable coupling means is adapted to permit adjustable inclination of the rebounding panel, preferably about each of the pitch, yaw, and skew axis. A table tennis apparatus, comprising a table and a pair of rebounding panel apparatus as described above, is further disclosed.

Abstract: A lighting system, for use in combination with a basketball backboard device mounted on a pole, comprises a plurality of lighting devices positioned adjacent the basketball backboard device. The lighting devices comprise a housing, a connector, a first light source, a lens and a light filter, and a secondary light source. The lens focuses lines defined by the light filter. The first light source is positioned to project the lines on to an activity surface to define a foul lane for a basketball court. The connector connects the housing to the pole supporting the basketball backboard device. The secondary light source is positioned to simultaneously illuminate a backboard of the basketball backboard device while the first light source projects the lines through the lens and the light filter. The lines from the first light source combine together on the activity surface to define an area for a basketball game.

Abstract: A batting or ball practice cage has one or more frame members with a net attached over the frame. Frame members may be assembled having springs or elbows at the corner. A pitching machine may be aligned with the cage at one end.

Abstract: A temporary line projection system designed to be grasped by hand and moved, by a single human operator, into a desired location as, for example, along the sidelines of a football field adjacent to where a first down line is to be projected. The system comprises a movable structure that is dimensioned and arranged to be supported by and project upwardly from an athletic field surface. A laser source is supported by the movable structure and is maintained by the movable structure at an elevated location relative to the athletic field surface. This allows the laser source to direct optical energy downward upon the field while the movable structure is maintained substantially in a first orientation relative to the athletic field surface.

Abstract: A lacrosse system including a portable, collapsible field marker, a system of weights for a lacrosse stick, a lacrosse ball cleaner, and a pocket former for a lacrosse stick that solves the problems discussed above. The collapsible field marker having a series of elongated segments, each segment attachable to two adjacent segments forming a series of segments, the series of segments attachable end-to-end to form a closed polygon in a closed configuration or unattached end-to-end to form a geometric pattern in an open configuration; each segment including a semi rigid center member enclosed by a thin flat marking strip; an expandable cord passing through the rigid center member of each segment attaching the series of segments together or flexible connectors on ends of each of said segments attaching the series of segments together.

Abstract: A lighting system, for use in combination with a basketball backboard device mounted on a pole, comprises a plurality of lighting devices positioned adjacent the basketball backboard device. The lighting devices comprise a housing, a connector, a first light source, a lens and a light filter, and a secondary light source. The lens focuses lines defined by the light filter. The first light source is positioned to project the lines on to an activity surface to define a foul lane for a basketball court. The connector connects the housing to the pole supporting the basketball backboard device. The secondary light source is positioned to simultaneously illuminate a backboard of the basketball backboard device while the first light source projects the lines through the lens and the light filter. The lines from the first light source combine together on the activity surface to define an area for a basketball game.

Abstract: A net or barrier has strategically located pocket(s) attached to the net over holes(s) in the net/barrier in order to catch a ball or projectile that passes through the hole(s). A computer-assisted method displays information, more particularly advertisement, onto a net or barrier. The computer-assisted display is viewable by a TV or video audience.

Abstract: One embodiment of a game between a plurality of teams typically played with a ball on a court composed of a plurality of tilings typically composed of plastic rings of alternating, contrasting colors to form a checkerboard style playing court. Each team occupies a different set of colored tiling rings. In order to score points, players on the offensive team attempt to move the ball from one predetermined location on the court to another while remaining within their set of colored tiling rings. The opposing defensive team members attempt to impede the offensive team's progress from within their own colored tiling rings and gain possession of the ball in order to become the offensive team and score points. Play progresses until one team achieves a predetermined number of points and is declared the winner of the game.

Abstract: A batting or ball practice cage has one or more frame members with a net attached over the frame. Frame members may be assembled having springs or elbows at the corner. A pitching machine may be aligned with the cage at one end.

Abstract: A game table (12) includes a table top (14) constructed from four truncated triangular sections (24) and a center section (26). The table top is supported by an underlying frame (26) and table legs (18). A central landing zone (20) is defined on the table top by a perimeter boundary (80). The perimeter boundary is formed by netting, extending between corner posts (84).

Abstract: A lacrosse layout apparatus arranged to provide a lacrosse layout that can be used to perform lacrosse-related activities. The lacrosse layout apparatus comprises a goal line, a crease removably coupled to said goal line, an arc removably coupled to said goal line, and at least one diagonal extending between said crease and said arc, wherein said at least one diagonal is removably coupled to said crease and removably coupled to said arc.

Abstract: A trampoline and cage ball game device includes a trampoline frame structure with a spring supported flexible trampoline bed attached thereto and a plurality of support legs for supporting the trampoline frame and flexible bed. A single continuous open ended sheet of flexible material that is folded into four reinforced corners defining a pair of end wall panel sections and a pair of side wall end sections forming an enclosed cage structure. A plurality of elongated corner pipes are attached to inner corners of the trampoline extending beyond the top of the enclosed cage structure, the corner pipes having spring attachments secured to the four corner folds to stretch enclosed cage structure at the end wall sections.

Abstract: A modified soccer (“football”) field layout and associated modified method of playing soccer on the modified soccer field layout are described. The modified soccer field layout is approximately the same size as a conventional soccer field layout. In one example, the modified soccer field layout also has two Forward Areas and two Forward Lines. In one example, the method of playing soccer on the modified soccer field includes at least one associated Forward Area Soccer Rule.

Abstract: A strengthened support structure for a net post assembly used in ball games comprises a plurality of lower support units disposed between two lateral support rod assemblies thereof, and each of the lower support units includes a first support section, a second support section, and a support body. The first support section and the second support section are connected to define an angle therebetween, and the support body is connected to the free ends of the first support section and the second support section. Each of the lower support units acts as an independent stress-sharing structure, so that stress can be equally distributed over the lower support units. The angle defined between the first support section and the second support section cooperate with the support body to strengthen the structural strength of the respective lower support units, which maintains the distance between the two lateral support rod assemblies constant.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a playing surface which should be substantially rectangular in nature and oriented at the height of a standardized table, the playing surface having an adjustable transverse angular divider or barrier bisecting the playing area and side deflector walls extending upwardly from the lateral sides of the playing surface, the game being played by propelling a perforated hollow ball from one side of the playing surface to the other by means of paddles, the playing surface, transverse barrier, and side walls all being part of the playing surface.

Abstract: A batting or ball practice cage has one or more frame members with a net attached over the frame. Frame members may be assembled having springs or elbows at the corner. A pitching machine may be aligned with the cage at one end.

Abstract: A table tennis caddy for mounting to a table tennis table includes a table tennis net assembly including a net mounted on a net frame. The net frame includes a net post extending upward. An outside connection mechanism underneath the net frame is disposed toward an exterior portion of the net frame. An inside connection mechanism underneath the net frame is disposed toward an interior portion of the net frame. A ball rack is mounted underneath the net frame. The ball rack is connected between the outside connection mechanism and the inside connection mechanism. A frame hook member connects to a bottom portion of the net frame.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: An apparatus has a housing, a connector, and a light source connected to the housing. The light source projects lines that define an area for an activity, such as playing a game. The connector connects the housing to a structure used in the activity or game.

Abstract: A surface marking method using a thermochromatic spin transition material.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: An improved retractable court standard is described. The retractable court standard typically comprises a plurality of elongated tubular sections and an elongated top section. Each of the elongated tubular sections has a top end and a bottom end, and different dimension. Additionally, the elongated top section typically has a top end and a bottom end, and a net securing assembly coupled proximal the top end. At least one elongated tubular section is slidably and rotatably disposed within another circumferentially adjacent elongated tubular section. Importantly, the at least one elongated tubular section has one of at least one rotational locking channel and at least one securing pin. The circumferentially adjacent elongated tubular section has the other of the at least one rotational locking channel and the at least one securing pin. Methods of extending, retracting, and storing the improved retractable court standard are also described.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: A temporary line projection system designed to be grasped by hand and moved, by a single human operator, into a desired location as, for example, along the sidelines of a football field adjacent to where a first down line is to be projected. The system comprises a movable structure that is dimensioned and arranged to be supported by and project upwardly from an athletic field surface. A laser source is supported by the movable structure and is maintained by the movable structure at an elevated location relative to the athletic field surface. This allows the laser source to direct optical energy downward upon the field while the movable structure is maintained substantially in a first orientation relative to the athletic field surface.

Abstract: A target ball game kit is provided that is easily carried and readily assembled to facilitate play in recreational areas such as parks or beaches. The kit includes a container housing a plurality of paddles, a plurality of balls having varying weights, and at least one target assembly. The target assembly is appointed to be set-up on a ground surface and secured thereto by way of securing means. Concentric rings having assigned point values are constructed within the target assembly. The target assembly preferably is constructed of a continuous rope or cord-like member. The kit can be readily and accurately adjusted for singles to doubles play by including at least two target assemblies therein. Glow in the dark properties may be provided to the target assembly, paddles, and/or balls for play in dimly lit or foggy conditions.

Abstract: An improved retractable court standard is described. The retractable court standard typically comprises a plurality of elongated tubular sections and an elongated top section. Each of the elongated tubular sections has a top end and a bottom end, and different dimension. Additionally, the elongated top section typically has a top end and a bottom end, and a net securing assembly coupled proximal the top end. At least one elongated tubular section is slidably and rotatably disposed within another circumferentially adjacent elongated tubular section. Importantly, the at least one elongated tubular section has one of at least one rotational locking channel and at least one securing pin. The circumferentially adjacent elongated tubular section has the other of the at least one rotational locking channel and the at least one securing pin. Methods of extending, retracting, and storing the improved retractable court standard are also described.

Abstract: A method of laying out a baseball diamond includes providing home, first, and third bases. A second base includes a measuring tape coupled to a reel. The method includes withdrawing an amount of tape corresponding to a desired distance between second and home bases. A first stake is placed in a home plate hole and the tape is hooked thereto. A second stake is inserted into a second base hole and the tape is extended between the bases. The tape is partially withdrawn into the second base, leaving a desired distance corresponding between the second and first bases. The second base is then rotated about the second stake and the first base is placed at a distance indicated by corner base indicia on the tape. The second base is rotated about the second stake and the third base is placed at a distance indicated by the corner base indicia.

Abstract: A modified soccer (“football”) field layout and associated modified method of playing soccer on the modified soccer field layout are described. The modified soccer field layout is approximately the same size as a conventional soccer field layout. In one example, the modified soccer field layout also has two Forward Areas and two Forward Lines. In one example, the method of playing soccer on the modified soccer field includes at least one associated Forward Area Soccer Rule.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: A frame for measuring a pitcher's circle includes a housing for engagement with a pitcher's plate, a measuring line and a guide rod. The measuring line is swivel connected to a centering member on the housing, with its free end connected to the guide rod. The measuring line has a predetermined length such that the tip of the guide rod represents the radial distance of the pitcher's circle when the measuring line is fully extended from the centering member. The pitcher's circle is marked out by simply walking the guide rod about the pitcher's plate. A leveling member is provided on the guide rod to ensure that the guide rod is kept at 90° vertical to prevent measuring inaccuracies.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: A movable frame may be positioned about a playing surface and defines a substantially straight pathway for a tool to follow while altering a playing surface, such as by cutting or marking the surface. A template that may be used to accurately define key positions of a playing surface, like a tennis court. Various pairs of the key positions may, in turn, be used to define each line that is to be marked or altered on the playing surface. Patterns of sensor circuits are defined for indentifying whether a ball impacts the tennis court at a position that is in play, or out of play.

Abstract: The present invention is an article and process for determining the site of impact of a movable object on a treated surface, where a tennis ball is treated with a striking composition, and a boundary line region is treated with a receiving composition such that when the striking composition and the receiving composition are in physical contact, a colorimetric indicator is left on the receiving composition to indicate the point of contact.

Abstract: A surface is selectively marked by using a coating containing quantum dots. When exposed to an energizing source, the quantum dots emit colored light to selectively mark the surface. In an embodiment, a green artificial turf field is marked with two sets of lines, white for football and yellow for soccer. The football lines are normally visible, but are also embedded with quantum dots that emit green light when energized. The soccer lines are normally invisible (clear), but emit yellow light when energized. The field can be used for football without energizing the quantum dots. To use the field for soccer, the field is exposed to a constant source of UVC energy. The quantum dots in the football lines emit green light when energized, causing them to become green, blending in with the normal green color of the artificial turf field. The quantum dots in the soccer lines emit yellow light when energized. Only the soccer lines are then visible, thus eliminating confusion for the players and officials.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus to provide a virtual tennis net that can be placed on any convenient surface having two movable poles each having a light source dependent thereon; at least two scanning mirrors; at least two retroflectors; at least two beam splitters; at least two photo-detectors; and an audible or visible signal device that is actuated in response to interruptions of light falling on said photo-detectors such that when a the light beam is interrupted by a tennis ball, the beam is momentarily blocked and the signal to the photo-detector is interrupted, providing a signal that is used to trigger a light or sound signal that indicates the ball did not pass over the virtual net.

Abstract: A method of laying out a baseball diamond includes providing home, first, and third bases. A second base includes a measuring tape coupled to a reel. The method includes withdrawing an amount of tape corresponding to a desired distance between second and home bases. A first stake is placed in a home plate hole and the tape is hooked thereto. A second stake is inserted into a second base hole and the tape is extended between the bases. The tape is partially withdrawn into the second base, leaving a desired distance corresponding between the second and first bases. The second base is then rotated about the second stake and the first base is placed at a distance indicated by corner base indicia on the tape. The second base is rotated about the second stake and the third base is placed at a distance indicated by the corner base indicia.

Abstract: A portable horseshoe court demarcation device formed of a plurality of engaged pairs of flexible members such as webbing. The ends of the flexible members once engaged to the ground mark a Horseshoe court. Center sections of one pair of flexible members provide a reference point from which to determine where to place horseshoe stakes, or provide flexible members for marking the installation point for the horseshoe stakes.

Abstract: A marker for a sports field comprising an elongated substantially vertical device for marking a field position associated with a game playable on the sports field using an object that may become airborne. The field position is used to determine compliance of the object when airborne with a rule of the game. The apparatus also comprises a source for emitting an elongated generally vertical beam of electromagnetic radiation adjacent to the device to help mark the field position.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for advertising on a first-down measurement device in an American-style football game are disclosed. An apparatus may include an information display and a sleeve for engaging the information display with a portion of the first-down measurement device. A method may include fixing an advertisement to a material and engaging the material with a portion of a first-down measuring device. A system may include a sideline marker for marking a position of a playing field, a measuring device connected to the sideline marker, an information display, and a sleeve for engaging the information display with the sideline marker or the measuring device. First-down measurement devices containing the information display of the present invention may also be used in simulated American-style football games in which first-down measurements are displayed, such as video game(s).

Abstract: The present invention is an article and process for determining the site of impact of a movable object on a treated surface, where a tennis ball is treated with a striking composition, and a boundary line region is treated with a receiving composition such that when the striking composition and the receiving composition are in physical contact, a calorimetric indicator is left on the receiving composition to indicate the point of contact.

Abstract: A marker stake for locating a boundary reference point on a sports field can be buried and out of sight when not in use, and then quickly located using an electronic receiver which detects a signal emitted by an electronic marker in the marker stake. Various field boundary indicators can be removably attached to the marker stake. The stake may be embodied in a cylindrical body constructed of a moldable polymer with a socket at one end for receiving a pin or post of the field boundary indicator, and the electronic marker embedded inside the body. The electronic marker may be a passive LC marker tuned to a frequency associated with a known field sport. Different sets of such marker stakes tuned to different frequencies may be used to mark and relocate reference points for multiple sports played on the same field.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a net scoring system for accurate and convenient scoring of a sporting contest. The net scoring system has a game net which is of a generally rectangular shape and has a periphery defined by a top edge, a bottom edge, and opposing side edges. The net scoring system also includes at least one indicating device for displaying a game score that is connected to the game net. The indicating device may be located on at least one of the top edge, the bottom edge, and the opposing side edges. The indicating device includes a plurality of scoring symbols and a symbol indicating assembly that selectively emphasizes one of the plurality of scoring symbols to represent a score.