Abstract: A process for the preparation of an immunoadsorbent matrix includes preparing polyvinyl alcohol beads by partially crosslinking polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with a crosslinking agent to provide polyvinyl alcohol beads which are at least partially crosslinked; coupling phenylalanine onto the polyvinyl alcohol beads to obtain a —COOH functionality for the phenylalanine coupled polyvinyl alcohol beads; and activating the —COOH functionality for immobilizing heparin onto the phenylalanine coupled polyvinyl alcohol beads.

Abstract: A method of producing a material for purification of physiological liquids of organism has the steps of providing a polymer which has a size, a shape, and a structure selected so as to remove toxic compounds from the physiological liquids, chemically modifying a surface of the polymer so as to provide hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, and performing the modification in a medium with a content of organic substance which is efficient for preventing endotoxins contamination of the polymer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for purifying protein-containing solutions such as blood, blood plasma or cell culture media, where a biocompatible support material made of a plastic material, selected from the group of polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polysulfone and polyether sulfone, is coated with albumin, which is bound by peptide binding. In addition, the invention relates to a method of producing the support material according to this invention and the use of the device.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical isomer separating agent composed of a stationary phase having a support and a chemically modified conalbumin. The separating agent may be used in a high-performance liquid chromatography column.

Abstract: An adsorbent for removing ketoamine-containing protein, which comprises carrying a compound having a terminal functional group of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is an organic group and X is 0 or 1, on a porous water-insoluble carrier, a process for removing ketoamine-containing protein by employing the above adsorbent, a process for preventing or treating for diabetic complication by removing ketoamine-containing protein with the above adsorbent and an adsorber for removing ketoamine-containing protein.

Abstract: A solid composition of matter comprising one or more polysaccharides which has a coarse particle size is provided. The composition demonstrates absorbent properties and is useful in absorbent articles of manufacture. Also provided is a method for preparing the compositions.

Abstract: A modified collagen product adapted for use as a sorbent is provided which includes collagen polymer having a density of from about 0.2-1.3 g/ml, an intrafibril pore size of from about 25-150 microns, and up to about 80% of the helicity of otherwise identical, unmodified naturally occurring polymer. The product is advantageously formed using leather scraps derived from tanning operations. The method for producing the collagen product of the invention includes first providing wet, detanned, leather-derived collagen and flash drying this material to remove substantial moisture therefrom while preventing the temperature of the detanned material from rising above about 130.degree. F. This process permits substantial drying without undesired chemical modification of the collagen.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from an aqueous metal-ion bearing solution includes the steps of: (a) forming an affinity chromatography matrix by providing a metal bearing protein bound to an insoluble support material to form an immobilized metalloprotein material; (b) introducing into the affinity chromatography matrix a quantity of aqueous metal-containing solution having a pH, redox potential or other property properly adjusted to cause ions of a selected metal entrained within the solution to bind to the immobilized metalloprotein material; (c) washing the matrix with a first buffer which does not elute the metal ions of interest but does remove other species of metal entrained in the solution; and (d) applying a second buffer or solution of appropriate pH, redox potential or other property to the affinity chromatography matrix to elute the metal ions of interest from the immobilized metalloprotein material.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling the coupling low molecular weight ligands to activated sites on a support in competition with a quencher of the activated sites. Derivatized supports produced by the method have optimal ligate binding without overly dense binding sites or stearic effects. Azlactone-functional supports, especially porous supports such as porous particles, benefit from control of ligand density. A linear relationship exists between the molar ratio of ligand and quencher and the coupled ligand density. Optionally, hydrophilicity of the derivatized support can be determined by selection of quencher relative to selection of ligand.

Abstract: Packing materials for liquid chromatographic or catalytic columns are prepared by contacting a porous protein-adsorptive particulate or membranous support, such as a porous silica particulate support, with an aqueous solution into which a protein has been dissolved to form a saturated coating of protein on the external surfaces of the porous protein-adsorptive support, removing excess protein that remains in solution by washing, and, then crosslinking the protein in the coating. The result is a packing material which resists further adsorption by many different proteins but which continues to provide the adsorptive or catalytic properties of the groups on the internal surfaces of the porous protein-adsorptive support for separations, analysis, or alteration of small molecules. The packing material of the present invention is particularly useful in HPLC or solid phase extraction columns for direct injection drug analysis in plasma, serum, and urine.

Abstract: Packing materials for liquid chromatographic or catalytic columns are prepared by contacting a porous protein-adsorptive particulate or membranous support, such as a porous silica particulate support, with an aqueous solution into which a protein has been dissolved to form a saturated coating of protein on the external surfaces of the porous protein-adsorptive support, removing excess protein that remains in solution by washing, and, then crosslinking the protein in the coating. The result is a packing material which resists further adsorption by many different proteins but which continues to provide the adsorptive or catalytic properties of the groups on the internal surfaces of the porous protein-adsorptive support for separations, analysis, or alteration of small molecules. The packing material of the present invention is particularly useful in HPLC or solid phase extraction columns for direct injection drug analysis in plasma, serum, and urine.

Abstract: A packing for chromatography whereby a low molecular weight substance contained in biological samples can be analyzed directly at a high accuracy without any pretreatments. This packing is combining a protein such as avidin and ovomucoid to the support via a straight or branched spacer optionally having a functional group such as a cyano group. Enantiomers interact differentially with proteins, and thereby optically separated. Further, a purification column packed with said packing is disclosed. According to the present invention, a low molecular weight substance can be directly and accurately analyzed without requiring any pretreatment for removing biological macromolecules. When it is employed in the purification column, the time required for the pretreatment can be shortened.

Abstract: A process for recovering metals from an aqueous metal-ion bearing solution includes the steps of:(a) forming an affinity chromatography matrix by providing a metal bearing protein bound to an insoluble support material to form an immobilized metalloprotein material;(b) introducing into the affinity chromatography matrix a quantity of aqueous metal-containing solution having a pH, redox potential or other property properly adjusted to cause ions of a selected metal entrained within the solution to bind to the immobilized metalloprotein material;(c) washing the matrix with a first buffer which does not elute the metal ions of interest but does remove other species of metal entrained in the solution; and(d) applying a second buffer or solution of appropriate pH, redox potential or other property to the affinity chromatography matrix to elute the metal ions of interest from the immobilized metalloprotein material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter medium for treating a blood material selected from the group consisting of a leukocyte-containing suspension and plasma, comprising a polymeric, porous element having, in a surface portion thereof, a negative charge and having a surface electric charge of not smaller than -30 .mu.eq/g of the polymeric, porous element. The filter medium and an apparatus having the filter medium packed in a casing having an inlet and an outlet, can be advantageously used for treating a blood material, for example, for separating leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing suspension including whole blood, for blood dialysis or for removing undesired proteinous substances and the like from whole blood or plasma by adsorption-filtration, while effectively controlling a concentration of bradykinin (which is causative of anaphylactic reactions) in a treated blood to a level not exceeding 4,000 pg/ml.

Abstract: A packing for chromatography whereby a low molecular weight substance contained in biological samples can be analyzed directly at a high accuracy without any pretreatments. This packing is combining a protein such as avidin and ovomucoid to the support via a straight or branched spacer optionally having a functional group such as a cyano group. Enantiomers interact differentially with proteins, and thereby optically separated. Further, a purification column packed with said packing is disclosed.According to the present invention, a low molecular weight substance can be directly and accurately analyzed without requiring any pretreatment for removing biological macromolecules. When it is employed in the purification column, the time required for the pretreatment can be shortened.

Abstract: Substantially water-insoluble, crosslinked polypeptides containing 15 to 85 mole % of amino acid residues such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phosphoserine, phosphohomoserine, phosphotyrosine, phosphothreonine, phosphoasparagine, or phosphoglutamine, and 15 to 85 mole % of amino acid residues such as lysine, arginine, asparagine, glutamine, serine or tyrosine, in which the degree of crosslinking is sufficient to result in a substantially water-insoluble polypeptide with the ability to absorb a 1 wt. % aqueous NaCl solution in an amount of at least 20 times the weight of the polypeptide, are useful as superabsorbents in devices such as diapers, etc. Mild alkaline hydrolysis of the crosslinked polypeptides increases their superabsorbency by two to three fold.

Abstract: Substantially water-insoluble, crosslinked polypeptides containing 15 to 85 mole % of amino acid residues such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, phosphoserine, phosphohomoserine, phosphotyrosine, phosphothreonine, phosphoasparagine, or phosphoglutamine, and 15 to 85 mole % of amino acid residues such as lysine, arginine, asparagine, glutamine, serine or tyrosine, in which the degree of crosslinking is sufficient to result in a substantially water-insoluble polypeptide with the ability to absorb a 1% aqueous NaCl solution in an amount of at least 20 times the weight of the polypeptide, are useful as superabsorbents in devices such as diapers, etc.

Abstract: Chromatographic material having the general formula S-B-X-Y-L where S is a solid support, B is a binding group, X is a substantially non-ionic hydrophilic organic spacer, Y is a coupling group and L is an affinity ligand. The chromatographic material is substantially free of non-specific adsorption and is stable at high pH.

Abstract: The present invention provides a stable stationary phase for chromatography which comprises porous ZrO.sub.2 spherules coated with a cross-linked polymer coating wherein said coated spherules have a pore size from about 20-500 .ANG. and a particle diameter range of about 0.5-500 microns, and are stable in basic media to pHs of up to about 14.

Abstract: Methods for modifying polyhydroxylated materials by the direct covalent bonding of nucleophilic ligands to the former sites of hydroxyl groups on the material are disclosed. More specifically, methods for activating the surface of polyhydroxylated materials such as silica, which can serve as stationary phases in various chromatographic methods, are disclosed. The silica is first contacted with a reagent, e.g., a phosphorylating agent, effective to cleave the O--H bond of at least one of said hydroxyl groups and introduce through an --O-- linkage a moiety amenable to nucleophilic displacement; and the product of step (a) is then contacted with a suitable nucleophilic ligand.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carrier for affinity chromatography comprising an insoluble carrier and antibodies which are modified by activated polyethyleneglycol and immobilized on the insoluble carrier, the antibodies being modified by activated polyethylene glycol at a location other than at an immobilizing site.

Abstract: A foraminous filter useful for removing particulates from a gas being flowed therethrough having impregnated therein a manganese dioxide absorbent active for removal of Total Reduced Sulfur compounds from the gas.

Abstract: A novel bioadsorption composition suitable for removing heavy metal from waster water effluent, the composition comprising a biomass encapsulated sol-gel matrix. A process for preparing the biomass encapsulated sol-gel matrix is also provided. The bioadsorption composition may be suitably used to remove a substantial amount heavy metal (such as uranium) from a waste water effluent, particularly a dilute aqueous stream comprising a waste water effluent (such as mine water). Heavy metal may then be recovered from the bioadsorption composition, thereby rendering the latter as reusable.

Abstract: A composition for absorbing liquids comprises an organic material derived from at least one substance selected from the group consisting of plant gums and plant mucilages. The absorbing compositions are applied as powders, pastes, or sheets.

Abstract: An adsorbent for .beta..sub.2 -microglobulin is disclosed, which comprises a water-insoluble carrier having supported thereon, as a ligand, at least one electrolyte selected from the group consisting of a polyamino acid, a polysaccharide, a synthetic high polymer, collagen having an isoelectric point of 9.5 or more, and gelatin having an isoelectric point of 6.5 or more, wherein said electrolyte has a molecular weight not less than 1,000 and an X value of more than 2.0, wherein X is a relationship regarding the skeleton structure of said electrolyte and is the sum of A and B, wherein A represents (the number of carbon atoms of the skeleton structure)-(the number of hydrophilic groups)/(the number of hydrophilic groups); and B represents .vertline.(the number of cationic groups)-(the number of anionic groups).vertline./(the number of hydrophilic groups). The adsorbent exhibits adsorptivity for .beta..sub.2 -microglobulin at high efficiency and high selectivity.

Abstract: A chromatography apparatus incorporating an improved means for connecting the ligand to the solid support is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a chamber containing a solid support. The solid support is a hydrophobic support. The apparatus includes chromatography surfactants bonded to the solid support. The surfactants comprise a polar group, a hydrophobic functional group substituted on the polar group, and a chromatographic functional group substituted on the polar group. The hydrophobic group is hydrophobically adsorbed to the solid support so that the chromatographic functional group is bound to the solid support and available for binding to compounds which selectively bind thereto. Compositions for and methods of making the foregoing are disclosed.The chromatographic functional group is a ligand for affinity chromatography, an ionogenic group for ion exchange chromatography, or a hydrophobic group for hydrophobic chromatography.

Abstract: A chromatography material comprises a solid support on which is fixed, as a ligan, desialyled gycolprotein selected from desialyled fetuin and desialyled haptoglobin. This material is used to purify protein antigens of bacteria of the Bordetella genus.

Abstract: A chromatographic packing material is disclosed which comprises generally spherical metal oxide/hydroxide support particles comprising crystals extending radially outward from a central core region and having a shape selected from principally acicular to principally lamellar and having bonded to the surface of said metal oxide/hydroxide support particles a layer of one or more phosphorus-containing organic materials comprised of a phosphorus-containing acid group bonded to said metal oxide/hydroxide particles and an unreacted carbon-containing acid group.

Abstract: Patients suffering from HIV-1 infection, including both those who have and those who have not developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, are treated by extracorporeal removal of IgG and immune complexes. An immunoadsorbent material for removing IgG and IgG-complexes from biological fluids is prepared by covalently binding protein A to a solid-phase silica matrix. It has been found that particularly stable, high-capacity immunoadsorbents are obtained by derivatizing the silica with amino and/or carboxyl groups, and reacting the protein A with a carbodiimide at a pH in a range from 3.5 to 4.5. Binding through free hydroxyl groups may be achieved with cyanogen halides at a pH in the range from 11.0 to 11.5. After acid washing (pH 2.0-2.5) to remove non-covalently bound protein A, the immunoadsorbent may be employed in a column for therapeutic treatment of various cancers and autoimmune disorders where IgG-complexes are implicated as suppressing factors in inhibiting a normal immune response.

Abstract: A separating agent comprising ovomucoid and a carrier is useful to separate an optical isomer from a racemoid by way of chromatography.

Abstract: A chromatography material comprises a solid support on which is fixed, as a ligand, desialyled gycolprotein selected from desialyled fetuin and desialyled haptoglobin. This material is used to purify protein antigens of bacteria of the Bordetella genus.

Abstract: The invention is a gel bead comprising propylene glycol alginate and bone gelatin and is capable of removing metals such as Sr and Cs from solution without adding other adsorbents. The invention could have application to the nuclear industry's waste removal activities.

Abstract: Methods for coating hydrophilic gels onto the surface of solid particles are disclosed which include utilizing hydrophilic solid particles, intimately admixing these hydrophilic solid particles with a hydrophilic gel-forming substance at a temperature above the gelling temperature so as to coat the solid hydrophilic particles, and then separating these coated particles from each other and cooling them to a temperature below the gelling temperature. The use of these coated particles is also disclosed in connection with various separation processes, such as an ion exchanger, in those cases where the gel-forming substance contains charged groups, or providing the particles with suitable adsorbent groups.

Abstract: The active support substance and the adsorbent for chromatography, which have got all of the properties desired for affinity chromatography, can be constituted by a porous copolymer comprising gel copolymer which is principally composed of (A) a glycidyl monovinylester or glycidyl monovinylether and (B) alkyleneglycol divinylester, and combination groups to be bound to ligands through a covalent bond, the (A) component being crosslinked by the (B) component, and the combination groups being bound to epoxy groups of the (A) component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a high performance affinity chromatographic system characterized by an immobilized active substance interacting weakly (K.sub.diss >10.sup.-3 M) with the desired structure of the type or types of molecule to be separated. The substance is covalently bound in its active state on a carrier of a solid, preferably porous, organic or inorganic material thereby making it suitable for use in the so-called HPLC or HPLAC technique for the separation of e.g. biomolecules. Examples of useful inorganic materials are silica or glass, or organic materials such as plastics or polysaccharides. Separation takes place by the mobile liquid being led through the column packed with the immobilized active substance of weak affinity for the complementary substances. Examples of such immobilized ligands are antibodies or fragments thereof, antigens or fragments thereof and various receptor substances.

Abstract: A separation medium useful as an adsorbent of liquid chromatography for optical resolution of racemic mixtures is disclosed, which comprises a reversed phase support coated with an optically active amino acid derivative represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a straight or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents a straight or branched alkyl group having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms which may contain an aromatic group or an unsaturated alkyl group.The separation medium is applicable to optical resolution of a wide range of DL-amino acids and exhibits excellent durability.

Abstract: A chemically modified and activated, hydroxyl-group-containing, natural or synthetic, polymeric solid body surface is disclosed, as well as a process for the activation of such solid body surfaces by means of organo-silanes and, if necessary, homo- or heterobifunctional reagent. The surfaces are used for the stable, simple and economical binding of proteins, nucleic acids, low-molecular ligands, cells, microorganisms and other biological materials, in biology, biotechnology and medicine.

Abstract: An absorbent composition having excellent stability comprising an absorbent resin and 0.01 to 30 percent by weight, based on the dried weight of said absorbent resin, of a radical chain terminator.

Abstract: An anti-I sorbent which comprises as I blood group substances at least two materials selected from the group consisting of mucin and milk derived from Eutheria and ovomucoid from Ornithurae. The use of the anti-I sorbent inhibits the formation of false positive agglutination caused by anti-I autoantibody.

Abstract: A filter for noxious gases such as sulphur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide comprises a keratinous fibre substrate within which is deposited an effective amount of manganese dioxide. The fibres, preferably sheep's wool, may be in the form of a fibrous bat and the manganese dioxide is deposited from acidified permanganate solution. The filter is most effective when maintained in the wet state.

Abstract: An immunoadsorbent material for removing IgG and IgG-complexes from biological fluids is prepared by covalently binding protein A to a solid-phase silica matrix. It has been found that particularly stable, high-capacity immunoadsorbents are obtained by derivatizing the silica with amino and/or carboxyl groups, and reacting the protein A with a carbodiimide at a pH in the range from 3.5 to 4.5. Binding through free hydroxyl groups may be achieved with cyanogen halides at a pH in the range from 11.0 to 11.5. After acid washing (pH 2.0-2.5) to remove non-covalently bound protein A, the immunoadsorbent may be employed in a column for therapeutic treatment of various cancers and autoimmune disorders where IgG-complexes are implicated as suppressing factors in inhibiting a normal immune response.

Abstract: A modified polysaccharide material which comprises: (1) polysaccharide covalently bonded to a synthetic polymer; (2) the synthetic polymer being made from (a) a polymerizable compound which is capable of being covalently coupled directly or indirectly to said polysaccharide, and (b) one or more polymerizable compounds containing (i) an ionizable chemcial group, (ii) a chemical group capable of transformation to an ionizable chemical group, (iii) a chemical group capable of causing the covalent coupling of the compound (b) to an affinity ligand or a biologically active molecule or (iv) a hydrophobic compound.

Abstract: An insoluble composition for removing mercury from a liquid medium comprises a suitable insoluble carrier and a cysteine residue convalently fixed at the nitrogen atom thereof to the surface of the carrier.

Abstract: A novel packing material is provided for liquid chromatographic columns, having a maximum pore size around 80 angstroms, a hydrophobic coating on the inner surfaces adapted to absorb hydrophobic analytes, and a hydrophilic coating on the outer surfaces adapted to reject proteins in the analyte sample. A novel method is provided for making the packing material, wherein the packing base is coated, inside and out, with a hydrophilic substance, a hydrophobic substance is bonded to the hydrophilic substance, and the hydrophobic substance is selectively removed from the external surfaces by treatment with an enzyme of a size too large to penetrate into the pores.

Abstract: A separation agent composed of a water insoluble solid substance with a convatently bound lectin. Said solid substance is structurally composed of a water insoluble silica or silicate material as basic material and via a linkage to silicon atoms in the silica or silicate material, a covatently bound lectin.

Abstract: A biospecific adsorbent comprising pyroglutamyl-lysyl-leucyl-argininal combined with a water-insoluble support is provided. This biospecific adsorbent is useful as an adsorbent for use in affinity chromatography and can be utilized for the purification of proteases such as urokinase.

Abstract: p-Nitrophenylester of succinoylaminopropyl silica gel is useful as an affinity matrix for reacting with ligand for use in affinity chromatography. The affinity matrix, upon reaction with a ligand, releases one molecule of p-nitrophenolate ion for every molecule of ligand that reacts and the solution turns yellow as the reaction occurs.