Abstract: A method for making an activated carbon supported catalyst, the method comprising combining a carbon precursor and a catalyst precursor, curing the carbon precursor if necessary, carbonizing the carbon precursor, and activating the carbon to produce the activated carbon supported catalyst. The activated carbon supported catalyst can take the form of a coating on a substrate, a powder, or a monolithic body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified glass fiber membranes which exhibit sufficient hydrophilicity and sufficient electropositivity to bind DNA from a suspension containing DNA and permit elution of the DNA from the membrane. Generally, the hydrophilic and electropositive characteristics are expressed at the surface of the modified glass fiber membrane. Preferred modified glass fiber membranes of the present invention include glass fiber membranes that have been modified by treatment with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), BCl.sub.3, SiCl.sub.4, NaOH, F.sup.-, AlCl.sub.3 alone or in combination, with or without water. The modified glass fiber membranes of the present invention are particularly useful in processes for purification of DNA from other cellular components.

Abstract: An alumina sorbent capable of adsorbing NOx and SOx from waste gases and being regenerated by heating above 650.degree. C. is made by incorporating an alumina stabilizing agent into the sorbent. A preferred method is to add the stabilizer when the alumina is precipitated. The precipitated powder is formed subsequently into a slurry, milled and spray dried to form the stabilized spheroidal alumina particles having a particle size of less than 500 microns. These particles are impregnated with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to form the stabilized sorbent. Alumina stabilizers include one or more of silica, lanthana, other rare earths, titania, zirconia and alkaline earths.

Abstract: A collapsed composition is described which is substantially composed of microcrystallites collectively of the formula:M.sub.2m.sup.2+ Al.sub.2-p M.sub.p.sup.3+ T.sub.r O.sub.7+r.swhere M.sup.2+ is a divalent metal, M.sup.3+ is a trivalent metal, and T is vanadium, tungsten, or molybdenum.The microcrystallites are so small as to be undetectable through conventional x-ray diffraction techniques, yet high resolution electron microscopy reveals that a substantial portion of the microcrystallites are composed of a solid solution having aluminum oxide molecularly dispersed in a divalent metal monoxide crystal structure. Another portion of the microcrystallites are constituted by a spinel phase. The collapsed composition is suitable as a sulfur oxide absorbent, having comparatively high capacity and comparatively fast absorption and desorption rates. The collapsed composition may be produced by heat treating a layered mixed hydroxide clay having interlayer anions in monometalate form.

Abstract: Bastnaesite materials and Mg[A] (and/or Al[B]) materials can be chemically reacted by use of reactions wherein a Al[B] ingredient such as alumina is made into a sol by use of a mono-protonic acid before Mg[A] (and/or Al[B]) materials is (are) reacted with the bastnaesite material.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a process for the production of a sorbent for SO.sub.2 comprising mixing a source of Ca.sub.3 SiO.sub.5 admixed with about 3 % of a compound such as CaSO.sub.4 2 H.sub.2 O that facilitates the conversion of the Ca.sub.3 SiO.sub.5 to the desired product, or Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4, or both the mixture and Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4 with an excess of water; adding milling media to the mixture; and, agitating the mixture including the milling media for from about 1 hour to about 96 hours at a temperature of about ambient temperature to about 85.degree. C., such that a finely divided sorbent including C--S--H and Ca(OH).sub.2 as its main active components is formed.The invention further relates to the foregoing process wherein the source of Ca.sub.3 SiO.sub.5 admixed with about 3 % of a compound such as CaSO.sub.4.2 H.sub.2 O that facilitates the conversion of the Ca.sub.3 SiO.sub.5 to the desired product, or Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.4, or both the mixture and Ca.sub.2 SiO.sub.

Abstract: A composition for separating out volatile pollutants from gases and exhaust gases consists of calcium hydroxide and water-soluble salts of sulfur-containing compounds, e.g., mercaptans, sulfides, polysulfides, polythionates and thiosulfates, or elementary sulfur which are used in combination with surface-active substances.Possible ways to produce the composition include adding the sulfur-containing compounds to the quicklime during slaking, to the slaking water, or, subsequent to slaking, to calcium hydroxide.The compositions are used for removing the volatile heavy metals, particularly mercury, arsenic, cadmium, thallium, antimony and lead, at temperatures ranging from 20.degree. to 400.degree. C. For this purpose, the composition is blown as powder into the exhaust gas stream, and the resultant products are separated out at fabric filters. Upon addition of surface-active substances, volatile organic pollutants are removed simultaneously with the aforementioned inorganic pollutants.

Abstract: A water purifying material containing (1) an activated carbon having (a) silver and/or an inorganic silver compound and (b) a water soluble alkaline earth metal salt supported thereon and (2) a bone-char, which can significantly inhibit the dissolution of silver and can be used for a long period of time.

Abstract: Composition for the absorption of pollutants, comprising at least a norbornene polymer for 100 parts by weight of norbornene polymer: said composition comprising 5 to 250 parts by weight of at least one hydrosoluble oil aqueous emulsion breaking agent. Application: for a process of absorption of hydrosoluble oil contained in a cutting fluid.

Abstract: An absorbent packet for absorbing carbon dioxide at a rapid rate from a closed container, such as a package or can containing coffee and water vapor, including a porous envelope containing calcium oxide and a hydrating agent, such as silica gel with water adsorbed therein. The water vapor from the container permeates the envelope at a relatively rapid rate because of the affinity of silica gel for the water vapor in the container, and the silica gel becomes supersaturated and gives off water. The carbon dioxide from the environment also permeates the envelope because of its concentration outside of the envelope and because of the pressure gradient between the outside and inside of the envelope. The water given off by the supersaturated silica gel combines with the calcium oxide in the envelope to form calcium hydroxide. The carbon dioxide and the calcium hydroxide react to produce calcium carbonate and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates in general to highly siliceous zeolitic molecular sieve adsorbent compositions having reduced catalytic activity and to the process for preparing such compositions. The number of acid sites in the so-called silica molecular sieves is very low, but exhibit a disproportionately high acid activity. In a variety of adsorptive separation applications in which the hydrophobic character of these molecular sieves is important, undesirable catalytic conversion of one or more of the adsorbates is frequently encountered. This acid activity is effectively eliminated by incorporating a stoichiometric excess with respect to the aluminum content of the molecular sieve of an alkali metal compound into the molecular sieve followed by calcining the loaded silicalite at temperatures of at least 750.degree.C. The adsorbent is particularly useful in separations of materials which are subject to catalytically initiated reactions, e.g., olefins and alcohols.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide sorption using a metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent typically requires a relative humidity of greater than 25% in order to obtain reaction rate constants of about 2.0 to 3.0 sec..sup.-1 (see Equation 6). The incorporation of alkali halide salt into the metal oxide-alkali metal carbonate sorbent maintains rate constants of about 2.0 to about 4.0 sec..sup.-1 at relative humidities below 25%. Therefore, the hygroscopic alkali halide salt attracts water, thereby providing the necessary hydroxide ions for enhanced absorption at low relative humidities.

Abstract: A filter for removing contaminants from a gas contains a support material and, deposited on the support material, a first component which is an oxide, a hydroxide or a mixture of an oxide and hydroxide of Al, Si, Ti, Fe or Zn, containing at least about 0.5% by weight of water. The first component is deposited onto the filter preferably from a colloidal sol solution of a compound of the metal of that component. The first component acts as an adsorbent to remove contaminants from a gas, such as air. The filter may contain a second component, such as an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, permanganate(s), or a mixture thereof. The filter may also contain a third component, such as an adsorbent, in the form of separate particles, e.g., activated charcoal, potassium permanganate, activated alumina, optionally treated with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal compound(s), zeolites, and alumino-silicate compositions.

Abstract: A regenerable activated bauxite adsorber alkali monitor probe for field applications to provide reliable measurement of alkali-vapor concentration in combustion gas with special emphasis on pressurized fluidized-bed combustion (PFBC) off-gas. More particularly, the invention relates to the development of a easily regenerable bauxite adsorbent for use in a method to accurately determine the alkali-vapor content of PFBC exhaust gases.

Abstract: A novel sorbent comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate. A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream that comprises contacting a fluid stream with the novel sorbent. A further feature of this invention includes a novel method for preparing a composition comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate.

Abstract: Alumina-containing acid adsorbents and process for producing same. The adsorbents comprise activated alumina and an amorphous alkali (preferably sodium) aluminum silicate. The ratio of Si:Al in the amorphous material is preferably 0.25-100:1 by weight. A process for producing such adsorbents comprises treating activated alumina with a solution of an alkali metal silicate followed by an alkali metal aluminate, and forming agglomerates of the treated alumina at a temperature below about 90.degree. C., aging the agglomerates at a temperature in the range of 20.degree.-90.degree. C., and calcining the aged agglomerates at a temperature in the range of 200.degree.-500.degree. C. The adsorbent can be used to remove acidic materials from gases and liquids during industrial processes.

Abstract: This invention relates to a CO.sub.2 /H.sub.2 O sorbent comprised of silver oxide, a CO.sub.2 sorption promoter, and a support. Preparation of this sorbent consists of impregnating the support with a silver compound, converting the silver compound to silver carbonate or silver oxide, and further impregnating the support with a CO.sub.2 sorption promoter. Prior to use as a sorbent, the silver carbonate is converted to silver oxide via the application of heat; liberating CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O.

Abstract: Process for improving the characteristics of absorption and desorption of a gas by a reaction medium consisting of several salts in powder form and a porous solid product, characterized in that it consists in mixing 0 to 60% by mass of the porous product with the powdered salt(s). The porous product consists of a mixture of expanded graphite and a second expanded product of rigid structure and high permeability.

Abstract: A technique for preparing an unsupported, high capacity CO.sub.2 sorbent. The sorbent is comprised of silver carbonate, alkali metal silicate and alkaline earth metal salt binders for structural integrity, and alkali metal carbonate for CO.sub.2 sorption promotion. The sorbent disclosed in this invention has a high silver oxide density, consumes minimum volume, exhibits high CO.sub.2 absorption rates, and resists dusting and degradation for at least 50 absorption/desorption cycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and methods for removing oil from water surfaces. The composition comprises a fine grained particulate material, such as expanded perlite or vermiculite, or sand, coated with an oleophilic/hydrophobic layer comprising sulfur, a metallic sulfate, an alkali metal nitrate, and burned hydrocarbon oil. The invention is particularly applicable to the treatment of oil spills on the surfaces of open bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers and oceans. The invention also relates to methods for preparing the oil removal composition, and for stripping and recycling the compositions after use.

Abstract: A composition for absorbing liquids comprises a quantity of fibrous material from plants and coated with a waterproofing composition, such as with sodium methyl silicate some embodiments include organic material derived from at least one substance selected from the group consisting of plant gums and plant mucilages in admixture with particulate plant fibers. The absorbing compositions are applied to hydrocarbon liquids, such as oil and the like on water.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for removing contaminating mercury from hydrocarbon streams, gas or liquid, wherein the stream is contacted with a molecular sieve pretreated with an alkali polysulfide. The pretreatment consists of saturating the sieve with an aqueous solution of the polysulfide and subsequently drying the saturated sieve under conditions calculated to dry but not decompose the polysulfide present.

Abstract: In order to clean gases containing noxious components by contacting the gases with a solid material layer adhering to carrier bodies, the solid material layer is applied to the carrier body by wetting with an impregnating solution and then drying the solution on the carrier bodies. After being used up by reaction with the gases to be cleaned, the solid material layer is removed from the carrier bodies, after which it can be replaced by wetting with impregnating solution and drying again. The carrier bodies are stationary and the impregnating solution is trickled over them. Once the carrier bodies are wetted, irrigation with the impregnation solution is interrupted and the solution is dried on the carrier bodies. When the gas reaction at the solid material layer thus formed weakens, the stationary carrier bodies are re-irrigated with impregnation solution and dried. After many repeated impregnations the solid material layer is washed away by flushing or flooding the carrier bodies with a wash solution.

Abstract: The invention provides a synthetic, calcined metal-oxide-silica adsorbent of which at least 40% of its surface area is contained in pores with radius of at least 2 nm. The invention further provides a process for refining oil, wherein the oil is treated with the adsorbent as a bleaching solid. The adsorbent can be regenerated by calcination without substantial loss of activity.

Abstract: A liquid containing radioactive ions is purified (decontaminated) by contacting the same with an inorganic ion exchange composition having ion exchange sites which can be occupied by the radioactive ions from the liquid. The ion exchange composition is a mixture of an ion exchange medium and an additive which is relatively inert to the ion exchange process and which is a sintering aid for the ion exchange medium designed to lower the sintering temperature of the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange composition may be disposed within a suitable container (e.g., cannister), e.g., made of 304L stainless steel or Inconel 601 and the ion exchange process may be carried out in such container. Alternatively, the ion exchange medium can be employed without being previously admixed with the additive. The additive, if desired, can be admixed at a later stage with the contaminated medium.

Abstract: A high porosity silicocalcareous mass is obtained by using in at least partial replacement of the usual silica, amorphous ultrafine synthetic silica particles having a specific surface between 150 and 300 m.sup.2 per gram, and a high absorption capacity, and optionally adding nonreactive synthetic fiber of either inorganic or organic origin to the mixture containing the particles. The high-porosity silicocalcareous mass can be used as a lining material for containers, which are intended for storing liquified or dissolved gases and also as an insulation material, such as sound insulation in building construction.

Abstract: A multipurpose filtering material particularly for use in electrostatographic reproducing apparatus has a foraminous support matrix having a plurality of interconnecting voids to permit low impedance to the flow of gaseous material but sufficient to trap particulate material entrained in the gaseous material which is coated with a thin dehydrated alkaline film of an alkali metal silicate to neutralize nitrogen oxide species in the gaseous material and has adhesively bound thereto a particulate neutralizer for another noxious gas the surface of which is substantially exposed to the flow of gaseous material. A filter may be placed in electrostatographic reproducing apparatus at the inlet or outlet of an air stream passing therethrough to neutralize nitrogen oxide species and ozone generated by the corona discharge device, and ammonia from the incoming air.

Abstract: Sulfonic derivatives of N-acylated covalently bound, non-crosslinked polyethyleneimine bonded phase silicas of the formula: ##STR1## is the backbone of a silica gel or controlled pore glass, n is an integer such that the polyethyleneiminopropyl silane group has an average molecular weight of from about 400 to about 1800; q is an integer of zero or one; R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H or --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH where x is an integer of 1 or 2 and m is an integer of zero or 1; when R is hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x H then R.sup.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.p COOH where p is an integer of zero or 1, and when R is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m COOH then R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen or --(CH.sub.2).sub.y H where y is an integer of zero or 1, are especially useful as solid phases for the purification and separation of proteins having isoelectric points of below about 5.

Abstract: A high surface area, porous active carbon containing a substantially uniform dispersion of a metal or metal-containing material and a method for making the same are disclosed.

Abstract: Silica-based chromatographic and reactive materials are disclosed with surfaces modified to contain or to be coated with oxides, hydrous oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or silicates of aluminum, iron, or other suitable metals such as zirconium or titanium. The materials exhibit good resistance to dissolution and resulting loss of activity or clogging. This good resistance is particularly evident even in the high pH region (above 8-9) and in the high temperature region (above 35.degree. C.) where the dissolution rates and solubilities of aluminosilicates and of trivalent iron oxides are much smaller than those of silica.

Abstract: This invention relates to a preparation process of desulfurizing and denitrating agents for an off-gas produced upon combustion of a fuel such as coal or heavy oil.The agent can be obtained by providing as first raw material(s) one or more materials capable of yielding calcium oxide and calcium sulfate, providing as second raw material(s) one or more materials capable of yielding silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, mixing the first raw material(s) or a mixture of the first raw material(s) and either fractional or whole portion(s) of the second raw material(s) with water, subjecting the resultant aqueous mixture to wet-air aging at room temperature or to steam aging, and optionally subjecting the thus-aged mixture further to a heat treatment at a temperature of 30.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed are sorbents and sorbent systems made from lightweight expanded silicate aggregates derived from rice hull ash and processes for sorbing liquids using such sorbents and sorbent systems.

Abstract: A liquid containing radioactive ions is purified (decontaminated) by contacting the same with an inorganic ion exchange composition having ion exchange sites which can be occupied by the radioactive ions from the liquid. The ion exchange composition is a mixture of an ion exchange medium and an additive which is relatively inert to the ion exchange process and which is a sintering aid for the ion exchange medium designed to lower the sintering temperature of the ion exchange composition. The ion exchange composition may be disposed within a suitable container (e.g., cannister), e.g., made of 304L stainless steel or Inconel 601 and the ion exchange process may be carried out in such container. Alternatively, the ion exchange medium can be employed without being previously admixed with the additive. The additive, if desired, can be admixed at a later stage with the contaminated medium.

Abstract: An absorbent and process for removing materials for semiconductor products, such as SiH.sub.4, B.sub.2 H.sub.6, SeH.sub.2, AsH.sub.3, PH.sub.3, GeH.sub.4, SiH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, SiHCl.sub.3, (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Al, (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Ga, etc. from a gas containing above toxic components. The absorbent includes a first and second dry absorbent. The first absorbent induces a solid carrier containing a large proportion of a porous inorganic silicate and impregnated with an aqueous solution of an alkali. The second absorbent has a solid carrier, similar to that in the first absorbent, being impregnated with an aqueous solution of an alkali and an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent capable of oxidizing german. When used separately, these two absorbents are not capable of treating certain volatile inorganic hydrides or lose their capacity of absorption in a relatively short period for such hydrides.

Abstract: A method for forming a uniform distribution of a substance in calcium hydroxide to obtain pulverulent preparations. The substances are those particularly in a fluid stage such as a solvent, emulsion or suspension.