Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and devices for the diagnosis or drug response prediction of neurological disorders by measuring kinase activity and studying the phosphorylation levels and profiles in samples of said patients. Furthermore the present invention relates to methods of identifying drug compounds relevant to neurological disorders by measuring kinase activity and studying phosphorylation levels. Also, the present invention relates to the use of inhibitors of the IRAK protein kinase family or a pharmaceutical composition thereof in the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The invention features methods of making devices, or “platens”, having a high-density array of through-holes, as well as methods of cleaning and refurbishing the surfaces of the platens. The invention further features methods of making high-density arrays of chemical, biochemical, and biological compounds, having many advantages over conventional, lower-density arrays. The invention includes methods by which many physical, chemical or biological transformations can be implemented in serial or in parallel within each addressable through-hole of the devices. Additionally, the invention includes methods of analyzing the contents of the array, including assaying of physical properties of the samples.

Abstract: Methods and systems for obtaining and processing optical signal data from analytical reactions, and in processing signal data from arrays of sequence-by-incorporation processes to identify nucleotide sequences of template nucleic acids and larger nucleic acid molecules, e.g., genomes or fragments thereof are described. Defining and applying a 2-dimensional software mask allows for obtaining signal data from arrays with higher signal to noise than where the mask is not applied.

Abstract: The present invention provides disposable, semi-reusable, or single use reaction vessels with integrated optical elements for use with diffraction based assay systems. The vessel for assaying liquids for analytes includes a housing having at least one chamber or well for receiving a liquid therein and an optical element integrally formed with the housing for directing an incident light beam towards the well or chamber and directing a light beam away from the chamber after the light beam has interacted with analytes present in the liquid. The vessel may be test tube such as a blood collection tube, with or without, an optical element but having a pattern of analyte-specific receptors located on an inner surface of the tube wall so that when a liquid is introduced into the interior of the test tube analytes present in the liquid can bind with the pattern of analyte-specific receptors.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for the identification of compounds which bind to a target component of a biochemical system or modulate the activity of the target, by compartmentalizing the compounds into microcapsules together with the target, such that only a subset of the repertoire is represented in multiple copies in any one microcapsules; and identifying the compound which binds to or modulates the activity of the target. The invention enables the screening of large repertoires of molecules which can serve as leads for drug development.

Abstract: A method for assaying a biological sample includes forming sensitized microcapsules filled with unique oligomarkers, capturing sensitized microcapsules in the presence of analytes, releasing oligomarkers from microcapsules and detecting and measuring oligomarkers to detect and quantify presence of analyte in biological sample. Using encapsulated oligomarkers provides for an amplified high sensitivity assay and using plurality of oligomarker types provides for a multiplexed assay.

Abstract: The present invention includes apparatus for simultaneous loading of multiple samples for molecular separation, including a separation area with walls wherein at least one of the walls has apertures having loading sites, a gel located within the separation area, and a plurality of wells within the gel. The apertures are connected to the plurality of wells by channels structurally configured to convey samples from the apertures to the wells. The present invention further includes apparatus for electrophoresis separation having a substantially closed electrophoresis area, an electrophoresis gel located within the electrophoresis area, and multiple rows of wells within the electrophoresis gel, wherein the rows are arranged in a stagger format.

Abstract: A microfluidic device having a supporting substrate, an inlet for receiving a biological sample containing target nucleic acid sequences, hybridization chambers in fluid communication with the inlet, the hybridization chambers containing probes that each have a nucleic acid sequence for hybridization with the target nucleic acid sequences to form probe-target hybrids, a fluorophore and a quencher configured such that the fluorophore emits a fluorescence signal in response to an excitation light and the quencher quenches the fluorescence signal when the probe is not hybridized, but fails to quench the fluorescence signal from the probe-target hybrid, and, a calibration chamber not in fluid communication the inlet, wherein, the calibration chamber contains a fluorophore.

Abstract: A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for detecting target nucleic acid sequences in a fluid, the LOC device having electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probes for detecting the target nucleic acid sequences, each of the ECL probes having an ECL luminophore for emitting photons when in an excited state, a functional moiety for quenching photon emission from the ECL luminophore by resonant energy transfer, calibration probes without an ECL luminophore, and, electrodes for receiving an electrical pulse to excite the ECL luminophores.

Abstract: A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for detecting target nucleic acid sequences in a fluid, the LOC device having electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probes for detecting the target nucleic acid sequences, each of the probes having an ECL luminophore for emitting photons when in an excited state, a functional moiety for quenching photon emission from the ECL luminophore by resonant energy transfer, at least one positive control probe that has the ECL luminophore but not the functional moiety for quenching photon emission, and, electrodes for receiving an electrical pulse to excite the ECL luminophores.

Abstract: A microfluidic device for detecting target molecules in a fluid, the microfluidic device having an array of chambers containing electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probes for reaction with the target molecules to form a probe-target complexes, electrodes positioned in each of the chambers for receiving an electrical pulse, the probe-target complexes being configured to emit a photon of light when excited by current between the electrodes, and, a photosensor for detecting the light emitted by the probes, wherein, the photosensor is less than 1600 microns from the probes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to flow cytometry detection of a cancer cell or cancer cell element by binding two or more agents to extracellular markers, wherein at least one agent is cancer specific.

Abstract: A microfluidic device having a supporting substrate, an inlet for receiving a biological sample containing a target nucleic acid sequence, probes that each have a nucleic acid sequence for hybridization with the target nucleic acid sequence to form a probe-target hybrid, a fluorophore and a quencher configured such that the fluorophore emits a fluorescence signal in response to an excitation light and the quencher quenches the fluorescence signal when the probe is not hybridized, but fails to quench the fluorescence signal from the probe-target hybrid, and, a control probe with a fluorophore but no quencher, wherein, the control probe always emits the fluorescence signal in response to the excitation light.

Abstract: A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for amplifying and detecting target nucleic acid sequences, the LOC device having electrochemiluminescent (ECL), resonant energy transfer, linear probes for hybridization with the target nucleic acid sequences, each of the probes having a linear portion containing a sequence complementary to the target nucleic acid sequence, an ECL luminophore for emitting photons when in an excited state, a functional moiety for quenching photon emission from the ECL luminophore by resonant energy transfer, and a covalently attached primer for extension along a complementary sequence denatured from the target nucleic acid sequence to replicate the target nucleic acid sequence, heaters for thermally cycling the target nucleic acid sequences through a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), in which the covalently attached primers anneal to oligonucleotides containing the target nucleic acid sequences, and, electrodes for receiving an electrical pulse to excite the ECL luminophores, wherein during use, re

Abstract: A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for detecting target nucleic acid sequences in a fluid, the LOC device having electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probes for detecting the target nucleic acid sequences, each of the probes having an ECL luminophore for emitting photons when in an excited state, a functional moiety for quenching photon emission from the ECL luminophore by resonant energy transfer, at least one positive control probe for detecting a nucleic acid sequence known to be always present in the fluid, and, electrodes for receiving an electrical pulse to excite the ECL luminophores.

Abstract: A LOC device having a supporting substrate, a primer-linked, linear probe with a nucleic acid sequence that matches a target nucleic acid sequence, and a primer for elongating against the target nucleic acid sequence to form a complementary sequence such that during use the nucleic acid sequence matching the target nucleic acid sequence anneals to the complementary sequence to change a fluorescence emission from the probe in response to an excitation light, and, CMOS circuitry on the supporting substrate, the CMOS circuitry having operative control of the excitation light.

Abstract: Devices are disclosed for serologically detecting an infection with human-pathogenic Yersinia ssp, wherein said device comprises at least one antigen selected from the group of antigens consisting of the following group: YopD, YopH, YopM, YopE, V-AG and YopN or a fragment of one of said antigens having at least eight consecutive amino acids and furthermore one of two proteins selected from MyfA and PsaA or fragments of one of said two proteins having at least eight consecutive amino acids.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and kits are described for identifying biomolecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids) expressed in a biological sample that are associated with the presence, development, or progression of a disease (such as cancer), or more generally determination of the etiology or risk factors associated with a disease. Sample types analyzed by the disclosed methods include but are not limited to archival tissue blocks that have been preserved in a fixative, tissue biopsy samples, tissue microarrays, and so forth. The methods disclosed herein correlate expression profiles of biomolecules with various disease types, and allow for the determination of relative survival rates; in some embodiments, the methods permit determination of survival rates for a subject with cancer. In other embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods for evaluating therapeutic regimes for the treatment, such as treatment of cancer.

Abstract: In combination, a polymeric microarray support for an optical assay arrangement, that includes an optical detection instrument having a known depth of focus for detecting light emitted from said microarray support. The polymeric microarray support has a support surface made from a polymeric support material having a thickness varying over the area of the support surface by a thickness variation value. The said support includes formed microfeatures made up of grooves arranged to have a predetermined depth at the time of forming, the groove depth being selected based on the depth of focus of the optical detection instrument and the thickness of the support. The sum of the depth for the grooves and the thickness variation value of the polymeric support surface substantially corresponds to the depth of focus of the optical detection instrument in order to reduce noise, the polymeric support surface having attached thereto probe molecules to form binding sites.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel nucleic acid ligands or aptamers that bind to and inhibit the activation of the ?-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Also disclosed is a novel combination of technologies, i.e., SELEX and laser pulse photolysis for the selection and screening of aptamers that inhibit receptor function and are useful therefore, in the treatment of diseases associated with excessive activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors.

Abstract: The compositions and methods described are directed to gene chips having a plurality of different oligonucleotides with specificity for genes associated with autism spectrum disorders. The invention further provides methods of identifying gene profiles for neurological and psychiatric conditions including autism spectrum disorders, methods of treating such conditions, and methods of identifying therapeutics for the treatment of such neurological and psychiatric conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification and use of diagnostic markers related with brain damage, particularly, biomarkers independently selected from the group consisting of interleukin-17 (IL-17), Fas ligand (FasL), b nerve growth factor (bNGF), insulin growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), p55 tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR-1), growth-related oncogene alpha (GroA), interleukin-2 soluble receptor gamma (IL2RG) and combinations thereof, that are associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, or differentiation of stroke mimicking conditions and stroke in a subject.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the fabrication of photonic biosensor arrays and applications of arrays produced by the method in the biomedical field.

Abstract: A compound having formula (I): X—E—Si?Cl3??(I) wherein: X represents an isocyanate function; E represents a straight, branched or cyclic alkyl chain comprising from 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and optionally contains a bridge function of —O—, —S—, —NH— or aryl; and X and SiCl3 are separated by a chain of at least 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel methods for the quantitative detection of molecules in an array. In particular, the present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for producing a frameless array. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition comprising nitrocellulose that is useful of producing a frameless array. In another embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for detecting a molecular interaction. In yet another embodiment, the present invention relates to kits useful for practicing the methods and apparatuses of the present invention. The present invention provides improved methods and apparatuses for the high throughput analysis of molecular interactions and quantitative detection.

Abstract: A nanocoaxial sensor includes an outer conductor, an inner conductor, a dielectric material disposed between the outer and inner conductors, a nanocavity sized to allow target species to enter the nanocavity between the outer and inner conductors, and an active sensing element immobilized within the nanocavity on at least one of the inner or outer conductors. The active sensing element is adapted to selectively capture the at least one of the target species.

Abstract: A method and device for identifying a molecule in a sample, the molecule comprising an electrophilic or nucleophilic moiety. The method comprises contacting the sample with a plurality of chemosensors, each of the chemosensors comprising a ?-conjugated system and a moiety having a nucleophilic property or an electrophilic property; and measuring an electromagnetic property of each of the chemosensors in the sample; whereby the pattern of changes in the electromagnetic properties of the plurality of chemosensors after chemically reacting with the electrophile or nucleophile of the molecule identifies the molecule in said sample.

Abstract: This invention provides a measuring apparatus for microanalysis, which can be simply manufactured and can realize a number of analyses and measurements in a small analyte amount and particularly can analyze and measure a number of analytes having different concentrations and different analytes in a simultaneous and easy manner, and a measurement method of microanalysis using the apparatus. The measuring apparatus for microanalysis is characterized by comprising detection parts of m lines and n rows in communication with a micropassage for a waste solution, chambers of m lines and n rows in communication with the respective detection parts through a mixing flow passage, n first micropassages in communication with the respective line chambers through a passive valve, m second micropassages in communication with respective row chambers through a passive valve, and third micropassages in communication with the respective chambers for supplying gas and/or a washing solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a formulations and methods for coupling a reactant (or probe precursor) to a functionalized surface for purposes of forming an arrayed sensor. This method includes the steps of: providing a surface having a reactive functional group; and introducing onto the surface, at a plurality of discrete locations, two or more compositions of the invention, which include a different reactant (probe precursor) and a non-nucleophilic additive, wherein such introduction is carried out under conditions effective to allow for covalent binding of the reactant to the surface via the reactive functional group. This results in a probe-functionalized array that substantially overcomes the problem of surface morphological anomalies on the array surface. Use of the resulting arrays in various detection systems is also encompassed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a substrate for selecting and specifically influencing the function of cells by the adhesion thereof to substrate surfaces having prescribed properties. Said substrates comprise various surface regions each representing a condition affecting the cell adhesion and/or cell function, and said conditions are determined by a geometric property and/or a mechanical property or a combination of a geometric property and/or a mechanical property with a chemical property of each surface region. The invention further relates to analysis devices and to analysis methods using said substrates for identifying and selecting particular cell types, for identifying suitable substrate conditions for affecting a particular cell function or particular cell type or for identifying disease states characterized by a change in the cell type or cell function.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sensing device with a surface having at least one individual sensing region, wherein each sensing region includes a plurality of binding elements anchored on the surface for binding different specific analytes of interest, at least one of the analyte of interest and its matching binding element having a label for detecting said binding. The present invention further relates to a method of manufacturing such a sensing device.

Abstract: Methods and systems for venting a well that receives a liquid. The method includes providing a microplate including a well that has a cavity with an open inlet and a closed end. The cavity extends between the open inlet and the closed end. The cavity is defined by a wall surface having a cross-sectional contour that includes at least one continuous section and at least one discontinuity section. The method also includes depositing a liquid into the open inlet of the well. The liquid enters the cavity and flows toward the closed end to at least partially fill the well. The liquid flows along the continuous section of the wall surface and remains separated from the discontinuity section of the wall surface, thereby maintaining a gas exhaust path along a spacing between the liquid and the discontinuity section as the liquid flows toward the closed end.

Abstract: Sensor array for detecting biomarkers for cancer in breath samples. The sensor array is based on 2D films or 3D assemblies of conductive nanoparticles capped with an organic coating wherein the nanoparticles are characterized by a narrow size distribution. Methods of use of the sensor array for discriminating between patterns of volatile organic compounds from healthy individuals and patients with various types of cancer are disclosed.

Abstract: According to one aspect, the present invention relates to an imaging system (100) for providing improved spatial position identification of a plurality of microscopy images. The imaging system (100) comprises a light source (102) for producing light (120a), a test plate (108) containing an array of spots (109) to be imaged, a condenser (104) for focussing the light (120) on the test plate (108), a translation mechanism for moving the focal plane of the light (120b) relative to the test plate (108), a detector system (112) configured to acquire a plurality of original images from respective spots (109), and an image processing device (114) operable to process the plurality of images to generate data indicating accurately the relative position of the test plate (108) within the imaging system (100).

Abstract: The present invention is drawn toward a chemical or biological sensor that can comprise a semi-conducting nanowire and a chemical or biological sensing molecule tethered to the semi-conducting nanowire through a spacer group including a hydrophilic reactive group. In one embodiment, the semi-conducting nanowire can be part of an array of like or similar semi-conducting nanowires. Electrical leads can provide an electrical current to the array, and a signal measurement apparatus can be electrically coupled to the array, and can be configured for detecting changes in the electrical current of the array.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for synthesizing arrays of polymers. The polymers are synthesized from monomers through a series of synthesis steps at chemically-modified electrodes by the action of an electrochemically generated reagent (EGR) at subsets of the electrodes. These subsets of electrodes vary with each step. Crosstalk of the EGR between electrodes is prevented by the production of a scavenging agent, which neutralizes the EGR, at those electrodes where the EGR is not produced. The scavenging agent acts as a “virtual cap” to prevent mis-incorporation of monomers and other anomalies in the polymers.

Abstract: The invention concerns test elements, in particular diagnostic test elements, for determining the presence or concentration of biological, medical or biologically or medically effective substances including nucleic acids, proteins, viruses, microorganisms and cells, characterized in that these test elements contain nanofibers.

Abstract: Methods, compositions and arrays for non-random loading of single analyte molecules into array structures are provided. Arrays of confined regions are produced wherein each confined region comprises a single island within the confined region. The island can be selectively functionalized with a coupling agent to couple a single molecule of interest within the confined region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microfluidic device including a microfluidic structure formed in a platform in which various examinations, such as an immune serum examination, can be automatically performed using the biomolecule microarray chip. The biomolecule microarray chip-type microfluidic device using a biomolecule microarray chip comprises: a platform which is rotatable; a microfluidic structure disposed in the platform, comprising: a plurality of chambers; a plurality of channels connecting the chambers each other; and a plurality of valves controlling flow of fluids through the channels, wherein the microfluidic structure controls flow of a fluid sample using rotation of the platform and the valves; and a biomolecule microarray chip mounted in the platform such that biomolecule capture probes bound to the biomolecule microarray chip contact the fluid sample in the microfluidic structure.

Abstract: A microsphere-based analytic chemistry system and method for making the same is disclosed in which microspheres or particles carrying bioactive agents may be combined randomly or in ordered fashion and dispersed on a substrate to form an array while maintaining the ability to identify the location of bioactive agents and particles within the array using an optically interrogatable, optical signature encoding scheme. A wide variety of modified substrates may be employed which provide either discrete or non-discrete sites for accommodating the microspheres in either random or patterned distributions. The substrates may be constructed from a variety of materials to form either two-dimensional or three-dimensional configurations. In a preferred embodiment, a modified fiber optic bundle or array is employed as a substrate to produce a high density array. The disclosed system and method have utility for detecting target analytes and screening large libraries of bioactive agents.

Abstract: The embodiments provide for the modulation of both the differentiation and activity of human TH17 cells. More specifically, human TH17 cell differentiation can modulated by TGF-? and IL-21, and their agonists and antagonists. Function of TH17 cells can be modulated by, for example, BLT1 or podoplanin, and their agonists and antagonists. Additionally, the embodiments provide for the identification of TH17 cells. More specifically, human TH17 cells specifically upregulate BLT1 and podoplanin.

Abstract: A method of obtaining information about a chemically active area of a target molecule, for example for drug discovery, comprising: providing a set of substantially rigid chemical gauges; reacting said target with a plurality of gauges of said set of gauges; assaying a binding of said gauges with said target to obtain a plurality of assay results; and analyzing said assay results to obtain information about said chemically active area.

Abstract: A microarray package device and a method of manufacturing the same. An effective microarray analyzing reaction is performed by using the microarray package device that provides structural stability and reliable experimental results.

Abstract: Provided herein are biological research methods, kits, and products that utilize radio frequency identifier technology.

Abstract: Nature evolves biological molecules such as proteins through iterated rounds of diversification, selection, and amplification. The present invention provides methods, compositions, and systems for synthesizing, selecting, amplifying, and evolving non-natural molecules based on nucleic acid templates. The sequence of a nucleic acid template is used to direct the synthesis of non-natural molecules such as unnatural polymers and small molecules. Using this method combinatorial libraries of these molecules can be prepared and screened. Upon selection of a molecule, its encoding nucleic acid template may be amplified and/or evolved to yield the same molecule or related molecules for re-screening. The inventive methods and compositions of the present invention allow for the amplification and evolution of non-natural molecules in a manner analogous to the amplification of natural biopolymer such as polynucleotides and protein.

Abstract: Systems and Methods for Improving Biomarker Availability.

Abstract: A method of analyzing a protein structure is provided. The method includes immobilizing capture molecules to a substrate, the capture molecules being able to capture target molecules regardless of the microstructure of the target molecules, forming a first complex by binding the capture molecules to the target molecules, forming a plurality of second complexes by binding the first complex to one of plural kinds of probe molecules, measuring a binding affinity between the first complex and the probe molecules by performing a color development to the plurality of second complexes, and confirming the target molecules by comparing the measured binding affinity with conventional data of binding affinities. Therefore, the method may be useful in analyzing the microstructure of the target protein simply using relatively simple analytical instruments or reagents without use of the expensive instruments or skilled techniques.

Abstract: A microarray, a substrate for a microarray and more productive methods of fabricating the microarray and the substrate are provided. The microarray includes a substrate divided into a first region and a second region; a plurality of linkers represented by formula 1 or 2: wherein X is a site coupled to the substrate, R is a hydroxyl, aldehyde, carboxyl, amino, amide, thiol, halo, epoxy, or sulfonate group, m is an integer in the range of 3 to 16, p is an integer in the range of 1 to 30, and q is an integer in the range of 1 to 15, directly coupled to the substrate in the first region but not coupled to the substrate in the second region; and a plurality of probes coupled to the respective linkers.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to erythroid progenitor cells and methods for producing parvovirus B 19 in the cells. The invention includes transformed and/or immortalized CD36+ erythroid progenitor cells permissive for B19 infection and methods for producing useful quantities of B 19 in the cells described herein. Infectious virus produced by the cells of the disclosure is useful for identifying and developing therapeutically effective compositions for treatment and/or prevention of human parvovirus B 19 infections.

Abstract: A biosensor for use in detecting the presence of diseases, the biosensor comprising a detector for detecting a presence of at least one marker indicative of a specific disease. A method of determining efficacy of a pharmaceutical for treating a disease or staging disease by administering a pharmaceutical to a sample containing markers for a disease, detecting the amount of at least one marker of the disease in the sample, and analyzing the amount of the marker in the sample, whereby the amount of marker correlates to pharmaceutical efficacy or disease stage. Markers for gynecological disease. An immuno-imaging agent comprising labeled antibodies, whereby the labeled antibodies are isolated and reactive to proteins overexpressed in vivo. Informatics software for analyzing the arrays, the software including analyzing means for analyzing the arrays.