Abstract: The present invention relates to single domain proteins that bind to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The invention also relates to single domain proteins for use in diagnostic, research and therapeutic applications. The invention further relates to cells comprising such proteins, polynucleotide encoding such proteins or fragments thereof, and to vectors comprising the polynucleotides encoding the innovative proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of diagnosis and therapy of hematological malignancies based on the tumor antigen FMR1NB (also called NY-SAR-35, Cancer/testis antigen 37 or Fragile X mental retardation 1 neighbor protein) and agents specifically targeting this antigen or cells expressing the same, e.g., antibodies. The inventors were able to prove that the molecule is expressed on the cell surface and thus represents a particularly advantageous target in cancer therapy and vaccination. Surprisingly, FMR1NB was found to be associated with hematological malignancies, e.g. acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treatment for states related to inhibition of angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation comprising administering an effective amount of vimentin or its derivatives or its fragments, to a subject in need thereof. Further, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and a medicament comprising vimentin, as well as the use of vimentin in the manufacture of a medicament. Hereby, angiogenesis and endothelial cell proliferation can be controlled, and therapeutic treatment for related states is provided.

Abstract: Chemotherapeutic conjugates of a peptide substrate to a phosphoramide chemotherapeutic agent in which a peptide substrate is covalently linked to the chemotherapeutic agent by a linker with an aminoarylmethyl or aminoheteroaryl moiety, wherein the linking of the peptide to the chemotherapeutic agent inhibits the cytotoxic activity of the chemotherapeutic agent, the peptide is a substrate for proteolytic cleavage by a tumor-specific enzyme; and the linker is capable of undergoing 1,6-elimination in vivo upon cleavage of the peptide substrate. Methods for synthesizing and methods of using the conjugates are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for treating various types of cancer/tumor by administering the combination of Dll4 antagonists, in particular, Dll4 antibodies and fragments thereof that specifically bind human Dll4, and chemotherapeutic agents. Such combination therapies exhibit synergistic effects compared to the treatment with either agent alone. Thus, the methods of the invention are particularly beneficial for cancer patients who have low tolerance to the side effects caused by high dosages required for the treatment by either agent alone, by being able to reduce effective dosages. Pharmaceutical compositions and kits containing Dll4 antagonists and chemotherapeutic agents are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention includes methods of generating derivatives of a protein, as well as methods of treating a subject with the derivatized proteins. More particularly, the present invention includes methods of generating derivatives of HSP 70 proteins and methods of treating a subject with the derivatized HSP 70 proteins.

Abstract: The present disclosure concerns peptides able to interfere and in particular impair the inhibiting activity of MDM2/MDM4 heterodimer towards p53 and maintain the association between MDM4 and p53 so to restore the p53 oncosuppressive function in cancer cells harboring wild type p53 protein, directing its function specifically towards an apoptotic outcome.

Abstract: A protease resistant polypeptide includes an amino acid sequence that has a sequence identity at least 80% homologous to about 10 to 80 consecutive amino acids of SEQ ID NO:1.

Abstract: This invention relates to products and methods for treating cancer and for diagnosing tumorigenicity and other diseases associated with alteration in GP88 expression or action. Antagonists to an 88 KDa autocrine growth and tumorigenicity stimulator are provided which inhibit its expression or biological activity. The antagonists include antisense oligonucleotides and antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of reducing or enhancing T cell activation and/or B cell activation in a subject, comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of an inhibitor or enhancer, respectively, of Semaphorin 6D (Sema6D) activity on T cells and/or B cells.

Abstract: A purified DOC1 polypeptide comprising a fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1 is provided, wherein the DOC1 polypeptide is not the full-length DOC1 polypeptide sequence. A method of inhibiting angiogenesis in a subject is provided comprising administering to a subject a nucleic acid encoding a DOC1 polypeptide, whereby a cell in the subject produces the DOC1 polypeptide, thus inhibiting angiogenesis. A method of inhibiting tumor growth in a subject is provided comprising administering to a subject a nucleic acid encoding a DOC1 polypeptide, whereby a cell in the subject produces the DOC1 polypeptide, thus inhibiting tumor growth.

Abstract: The instant invention provides methods for treating a solid tumor in a subject comprising modulating nitric oxide production in the tumor to normalize tumor vasculature and administering an anti-tumor therapy to the subject. The invention further provides methods of treating a solid tumor in a subject comprising selectively increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) or cGMP dependent protein kinase G production in the tumor vasculature to an amount effective to normalize tumor vasculature and administering an anti-tumor therapy to the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a WNT10-derived peptide, a composition for improving hair loss and skin conditions using the same, and a composition for treating a WNT10 signal transduction pathway-related disorder and DKK-1 protein-induced disorder the same. WNT10-derived peptide of the present invention possesses identical or similar activities to natural-occurring WNT10, and has much higher stability and skin penetration potency than natural-occurring WNT10. Therefore, the composition containing the present peptide not only shows excellent effects on improvement in hair loss (for example, promotion of hair growth or production of hair), but also has superior efficacies on treatment of a WNT10 signal transduction pathway-related disorder and a DKK-1 protein-induced disorder. In addition, the outstanding activity and stability of the present peptide described above may be greatly advantageous in application to pharmaceutical compositions, quasi-drugs and cosmetics.

Abstract: In certain aspects, the present invention provides compositions and methods for treating mucositis.

Abstract: A number of human beta-glucuronidase variants having higher enzymatic activity at physiological pH as compared with wild-type beta-glucuronidase and uses thereof in prodrug therapy. Also disclosed herein is a method for identifying enzyme variants having elevated enzymatic activity using a mammalian surface display system.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for inhibiting androgen receptor (AR)-containing tumor cell growth in a subject in need thereof, comprising administrating to said subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of a damaged-DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention also provides a method for inhibiting androgen receptor (AR)-containing tumor cell growth in a subject in need thereof, comprising administrating to said subject a pharmaceutically effective amount of an expression vector comprising a gene encoding a damaged-DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the expression vector is a plasmid vector.

Abstract: Methods of treating and evaluating subjects having neoactive mutants of IDH (e.g., IDH1 or IDH2).

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials related to assessing immunity to folate receptors. For example, methods and materials for assessing FR? immunity in a mammal are provided. This document also provides methods and materials related to stimulating immunity to folate receptors.

Abstract: The present invention describes compounds of the formula pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use in therapy.

Abstract: The present invention discloses preparation and application of a kind of biodegradable-material-made microsphere vascular embolus that contains liposome-encapsulated cytokines. The present invention is technologically characterized by encapsulation of liposome-wrapped immunocytokines such as IL-2, TNF and interferon by sodium polysaccharide or gelatin, which is extracted from natural alga and is good at biodegradability and biocompatibility. Owing to the encapsulation procedures, cytokine microspheres can take shape measuring 50-75 ?m, 75-150 ?m, 100-200 ?m, 200-300 ?m, 200-450 ?m, 100-300 ?m, 300-500 ?m, 500-700 ?m, and 700-900 ?m. The microsphere preparations are good targeting medication for embolism treatment and immunochemotherapy of animals loaded with human hepatocarcinoma and cervical cancer, as well as human suffering from late-stage or recurrent liver cancer, renal tumors, bladder cancer, colon carcinoma and rectal cancer.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions and kits including a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor are provided. Also provided are methods of treating cancer in a subject, comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof. Also provided are methods of reducing cell proliferation in a subject comprising administering an effective amount of a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, a melanin promoter, a p450 3A4 promoter, and a leucine aminopeptidase inhibitor to the subject in need thereof.

Abstract: The use of a peptide is described as a carrier for the transport of molecules or radioisotopes into cancer cells; also described are modifications of said peptide and their use.

Abstract: The invention concerns Au(III) complexes of the type [AuIIIX2(Pdtc)] (X=halogen, pseudo-halogen; pdtc=peptide-/esterified peptidedithiocarbamato) which are able to both maintain the antitumor properties and the lack of nephrotoxic side-effects of the previously reported Au(III)-dithiocarbamato complexes, together with an improved bioavailability through the peptide-mediated cellular internalization. The Au(III) complexes described have shown a significant biological activity on human tumor cell lines and, thus, they can be advantageously used as antineoplastic agents. The preparation method and use for the treatment of tumor pathologies of the Au(III) complexes of the invention are further described.

Abstract: The invention provides agents, compositions, pharmaceutical compositions and method for inhibiting tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting FoxM1B activity, expression, or nuclear localization in a tumor cell.

Abstract: Novel peptides that inhibit the release of microparticles from cells are disclosed. Also disclosed are polynucleotides encoding the peptides, expression vectors carrying the polynucleotides and methods for treating tumors using the novel peptides.

Abstract: The teachings provided herein generally relate to a combination therapy and are directed to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for administering a combination of an a5?1 antagonist with an a2?1 antagonist to a subject. The methods are for use in inhibiting, preventing, or reversing angiogenesis, as well as in treating cancer. In some embodiments, the compositions and methods include a combined administration of VLO4 and VP12 (ECL12).

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating ocular cancer are provided. The composition is a subconjunctival formulation of nutlin-3 and its analogs. The composition provides for methods of treating ocular cancer, including retinoblastoma. The formulation has high penetration into ocular tissue with low toxicity.

Abstract: The present invention provides innovative proteins that bind to insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), as well as other important proteins. The invention also provides innovative proteins in pharmaceutical preparations and derivatives of such proteins and the uses of same in diagnostic, research and therapeutic applications. The invention further provides cells comprising such proteins, polynucleotide encoding such proteins or fragments thereof, and vectors comprising the polynucleotides encoding the innovative proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides conjugates of disorazoles and their derivatives with cell-binding molecules, such as peptides, proteins, hormones, blood proteins and antibodies. The present invention further provides novel disorazole derivatives and processes of manufacturing such conjugates and disorazole derivatives. These compounds can be used as medicaments for the treatment of physiological and/or pathophysiological conditions in mammals, in particular for the treatment of various tumors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new use of Hades as a tumor suppressor target, more particularly to a composition for suppressing tumor comprising an expression or action inhibitor of Hades protein having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 as an effective ingredient. The present inventors have found that the overexpressed Hades protein interacts with p53 to inhibit the exonuclear mechanism of p53 and the knowdown of Hades induces increase in the expression of p53, demonstrating that Hades is a negative regulator to p53. Therefore, it would be understood that the inhibition of Hades overexpressed in tumor cells contributes to tumor-supressive effects of p53. The drug candidates capable of modulating the expression of the Hades protein, inhibiting the actions of the Hades protein or inhibiting interecation between Hades and p53 are considered a promising anticancer drug.

Abstract: The invention in suitable embodiments is directed to an isolated protein comprising one or more amino acid sequences, each amino acid sequence capable of being functionalized and/or attached in whole and/or in part to one or more or a plurality of elements of one or more types including to cargo elements, forming a composition of elements suitable for use as an in vivo and/or in vitro medicament to treat one or more biological species.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel derivatives of monomethylauristatin F, to processes for preparing these derivatives, to the use of these derivatives for treating and/or preventing diseases, and also to the use of these derivatives for preparing medicaments for treating and/or preventing diseases, more particularly hyperproliferative and/or angiogenic disorders such as, for example, cancerous disorders. Such treatments may be practised as a monotherapy or else in combination with other medicaments or further therapeutic measures.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing Cowden syndrome (CS) and Cowden-like Syndrome (CLS) is described. The method includes diagnosing CS and CLS in a subject by identifying a decrease in expression of the KILLIN gene, or by identifying hypermethylation of the KILLIN promoter region. Kits for diagnosing CS and CLS by identifying subjects having KILLIN promoter region hypermethylation and primers specific for a methylated KILLIN promoter region are also described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions related to targeting agents to tumor tissue are described.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides methods for increasing perfusion in hypoxic regions of tissues in subjects. Also provided are methods for treating diseases and/or disorders associated with hypoxia in subjects, methods for increasing sensitivity of tumors to radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments, methods for delaying tumor growth in subjects, and methods for inhibiting tumor blood vessel growth in subjects. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods involve administering to subjects in need thereof a first composition selected from the group consisting of a nitrosylated hemoglobin and an agent that induces nitrosylation of endogenous hemoglobin in the subject and a second composition comprising a hyperoxic gas. In some embodiments, the presently disclosed methods also include treating a tumor with radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, or combinations thereof. Also provided are inhalable gases that can be employed in the presently disclosed methods.

Abstract: Isolated antibodies that specifically binds to an extracellular conserved ligand binding region of a human Notch receptor and inhibits growth of a tumor are described. Also described are methods of treating cancer, the method comprising administering an anti-Notch antibody in an amount effective to inhibit tumor growth.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides drug-ligand conjugates and drug-cleavable substrate conjugates that are potent cytotoxins. The disclosure is also directed to compositions containing the drug-ligand conjugates, and to methods of treatment using them.

Abstract: Provided herein is tumor suppression composition and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peptide of the following (A) or (B): (A) a peptide including an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2; (B) a peptide including an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO 1 or 2, wherein one, two, or several amino acid(s) are substituted, deleted, inserted, and/or added, and wherein the peptide has an activity to induce killer T cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cyclic peptide containing RRXR motif. The present invention also provides a composition comprising the said cyclic peptide and a pharmaceutical acceptable carrier. The present invention further provides a method for treating cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a peptide consisting essentially of the N2 sequence of the RasGAP protein, a bio logically active fragment thereof, or a variant thereof, which is useful for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of cancer. Furthermore, it relates to a method of treatment of cancer comprising administering to a subject in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of the peptide of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention describes use of spink6 gene and the encoded protein in the manufacture of an anti-tumor drug. spink6 gene has a nucleotide sequence designated as SEQ ID NO:1, and the protein encoded by spink6 gene has an amino acid sequence designated as SEQ ID NO:2. The protein encoded by spink6 gene and its derivatives can be used as potential drugs for treatment of human diseases caused by dysregulation of the cell cycle control, such as various malignant tumors, cell abnormal proliferation, and the like.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions and methods for diagnosing, preventing, and treating prostate cancer and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN).

Abstract: Use of an ubiquitination pathway-related factor, its agonist or antagonist in the preparation of a composition for regulating FOXP3, IL-2, and/or IFN-? activity, in which the ubiquitination pathway-related factor is selected from: Toll-like receptor, ubiquitin ligase, pro-inflammatory cytokine family receptor, and/or its coding sequence. The new type of regulatory factors can regulate regulatory T cells and immune system by regulating FOXP3, IL-2, and/or IFN-? activity. The regulatory factors and their derivatives can also be used as immunoadjuvant for treating or preventing major diseases (such as, infectious diseases and tumor, etc).

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for protecting cells and tissues from damage associated with therapeutic treatments of cancers and other diseases and conditions where reactive oxygen species are produced. The present invention also provides compositions useful as research reagents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for characterizing, diagnosing, and treating cancer. In particular the invention provides the means and methods for the diagnosis, characterization, prognosis and treatment of cancer and specifically targeting cancer stem cells. The present invention provides an antibody that specifically binds to a non-ligand binding membrane proximal region of the extracellular domain of a human Notch receptor and inhibits tumor growth. The present invention further provides a method of treating cancer, the method comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody that specifically binds to a non-ligand binding membrane proximal region of the extracellular domain of a human Notch receptor protein and inhibits tumor growth.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a structural protein of a parvovirus with an amino acid insertion at the insertion site I-453, a library comprising the protein, a multimeric structure comprising the protein, a nucleic acid encoding the protein, a vector, virus, or cell comprising the nucleic acid, a process for the preparation of the protein, a medicament comprising the protein, nucleic acid, or multimeric structure as well as methods and uses involving the protein, nucleic acid, or multimeric structure.

Abstract: Novel peptides that inhibit the release of microparticles from cells are disclosed. The peptide contains at least one VGFPV motif at the N-terminal and has a length of 10-100 amino acids. Also disclosed is polynucleotide encoding the peptide, expression vectors carrying the polynucleotide, and methods for treating AIDS and tumors using the novel peptides.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions comprising one or more isolated factors from a microenvironment of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), including, but not limited to, Lefty and inhibitors of Nodal. The invention also provides methods of utilizing factors derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and their microenvironment to treat and prevent tumor formation and progression and to inhibit tumor cell aggressiveness. The invention further provides methods of inhibiting tumor cell growth and/or treating aggressive tumors in a mammal comprising administering to the mammal, having at least one tumor cell present in its body, an effective amount of an inhibitor of Nodal activity.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are aptamers that comprise a nucleic acid sequence that has a specific affinity for a target. These aptamers can be used as delivery vehicles to deliver specific agents to particular sites. Alternatively, targeted aptamers can also be used with detection techniques to determine the presence of absence of specific targets in heterogeneous backgrounds.