Abstract: Modified clay minerals obtained by treating a clay mineral with a particular acylarginine derivative are useful for stabilizing emulsion compositions, inter alia, W/O emulsion composition, while hardly causing skin irritation, and providing moisture retention properties.

Abstract: A nano-capsule construct for imaging and therapeutic uses and method for production are provided. One nano-probe embodiment based on genome-depleted plant brome mosaic virus (BMV) whose interior is doped with indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved near infrared fluorescent dye, is used to illustrate the invention. The material encapsulated in viral shell components may be coated with functionalized coatings such as branched, dendritic polymer coatings to improve longevity and distribution in the body as well as antibody conjugation for increased target specificity. The constructs can also be coated with ferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, enabling the ICG-containing capsules to be used as nano-probes with the capability of being detected in both optical and magnetic resonance imaging. The capsules may be produced by purifying a plant or animal viruses and disassembling the viruses to provide virus shell components.

Abstract: Provided are compositions comprising beta-alanylhistidine peptides and/or beta-alanines, and methods for administering these peptides and amino acids. In one aspect, the compositions and methods cause an increase in the blood plasma concentrations of beta-alanine and/or creatine.

Abstract: The invention discloses a number of therapeutic compounds and a method of treating a disorder in mammal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling mixture comprising or consisting of 5-methyl-2-(propane-2-yl)cyclohexyl-N-ethyloxamate and one, two, three or more certain polyols. It further relates to a cosmetic composition comprising such a cooling mixture or to a sanitary article comprising such a cooling mixture. The invention also relates to the use of certain polyols for enhancing the cooling effect of 5-methyl-2-(propane-2-yl)cyclohexyl-N-ethyloxamate on the skin or a mucous membrane, a method for generating an enhanced cooling effect of 5-methyl-2-(propane-2-yl)cyclohexyl-N-ethyloxamate on the skin or a mucous membrane as well as a method for generating a corresponding cooling mixture.

Abstract: Compositions comprising undecylenic acid or citric acid and certain esters are effective for reducing malodors. The esters are in the molecular weight range of between 150-200 when the acid is undecylenic acid and in the range of between 130-230 when the acid is citric acid. These compositions can be used in perfumed products, household products and personal care products.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved methods of photodynamic treatment and diagnosis of cancer and non-cancerous conditions, and in particular to improved enema preparations for use in such methods, said enema preparations comprising a photosensitiser which is 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) or a precursor or derivative thereof, e.g. a 5-ALA ester. Such preparations may further comprise one or more viscosity enhancing agents, mucoadhesive or mucolytic agents, penetration enhancers or chelating agents. The methods and preparations herein described are particularly suitable for use in photodynamic methods of treating and/or diagnosing cancer and non-cancerous conditions in the colon and/or rectum.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) have been found to be useful as inhibitors of DDAH.

Abstract: This invention relates to a use of a composition for protecting against mites and ticks containing cationic surfactants such as ethyl-N?-lauroyl-L-arginate HCl (LAE). It has been found that cationic surfactants such as ethyl-N?-lauroyl-L-arginate HCl (LAE) and its salts are effective acaricidal agents.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to compositions and methods for the reduction or neutralization of toxins associated with a bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal, viral, or protozoal agent. More particularly, the invention is directed to sterically stabilized phospholipid micellar and liposomal compositions, which interact with the toxins to decrease or neutralize their toxicity. Additionally, the invention includes the use of sterically stabilized phospholipid micellar compositions comprising one or more water-insoluble antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoal, or anti-inflammatory agent(s), wherein the micellar or liposomal composition inhibits the formation of aggregates. The invention further includes the use of sterically stabilized micelle and liposomal compositions to deliver compounds to the site of action, and in some cases targets the compound to the site of action, for the treatment of inflammation and infection.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides compounds of the formula, formula (Ia): and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X, Y, and n are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods for making the compounds of the formula as set forth hereinabove, their use in inhibiting acid ceramidase and ceramidase-related activity, and their use as drugs and prodrugs in the treatment and/or prevention of diseases associated with undesirable ceramidase or sphingosine kinase activity, including, but not limited to, cancer, cancer metastasis, atherosclerosis, stenosis, inflammation, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.

Abstract: The present invention related to the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for treating illnesses of patient with critical buccal condition, leading to difficulties in swallowing oral medicine forms and thus difficulties in treating said illnesses. Particularly, the present invention discloses the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for treating illnesses of patient with dysphagia and/or odynophagia and/or aspiration risk. Another aspect of the present invention is the administration of bioactive agents via oral fast dispersing/dissolving drug delivery systems for the treatment of dysphagia and/or odynophagia and/or aspiration risk.

Abstract: This invention relates to a use of a composition for the inactivation of toxins containing cationic surfactants such as ethyl-N?-lauroyl-L-arginate HCI (LAE). It has been found that cationic surfactants such as ethyl-N?-lauroyl-L-arginate HCI (LAE) and its salts are effective against endotoxins, exotoxins and aflatoxins.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and methods for the treatment of diseases or disorders such as heart failure, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, gonadotropin deficiency, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a creatine ester anti-inflammatory compound which may be received by animals and then metabolized into a biologically active form of creatine. The biologically active creatine inhibits the production of chemical mediators, released during an inflammatory response, which are important components in the inflammatory response and the inflammation and pain resulting from physical or chemical trauma to cells and tissue.

Abstract: There is provided a compound of Formula and salts thereof wherein R1 is an imine or an alkylated imine, said imine or alkylated imine comprising a linear or branched alkyl group of length C1 to C5; R2 are each independently (a) an unsubstituted or substituted linear or branched alkyl group of chain length C1-7; (b) an aryl substituted alkyl group, wherein said aryl group is substituted, (c) an alkoxy substituted alkyl group, wherein said alkoxy group is substituted by a methoxy group or an alkoxy group substituted with an alkoxy group; or (d) an H atom; wherein said substituents in (a) and (b) are selected from hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, nitro, oxo and fluoro groups. R3 and R4 are linear or branched alkyl groups of length C1 to C6 constituting a ketal or a cyclic ketal. The compounds claimed may be used for the manufacture of a medicament.

Abstract: Antimicrobial film based on biopolymers, in particular cellulose and/or protein, or uncoated or coated textile material, and also an antimicrobial sponge or an antimicrobial sponge cloth based on regenerated or precipitated cellulose are provided. The film, the sponge or the sponge cloth is impregnated or coated with at least one ?-amino acid ester, the ?-amino group of which is acylated with a fatty acid, or the corresponding hydrochloride, and the ?-amino acid ester is bound covalently, optionally also ionically, to the film, the sponge or the sponge cloth. The acylated ?-amino acid ester is preferably N-lauroyl-L-arginine ethyl ester monohydrochloride (LAECI), N-lauroyl-L-arginine methyl ester monohydrochloride (LAMCI) or N-lauroyl-L-lysine ethyl ester hydrochloride (LLECI). The film is preferably in the form of a flexible tube and is provided as casing for foods, especially sausage products.

Abstract: Disclosed are creatine ?-alaninate, compositions and formulations containing same, and methods of use therefor.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of inducing smooth muscle relaxation, for example, a method of inducing relaxation of a vascular or a non-vascular muscle or a method of inducing relaxation of the microvasculature, in a subject in need thereof by promoting the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX in the smooth muscle.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting the build-up of amyloid plaques in the brain of a patient with at least one risk factor for, or a diagnosis of, Alzheimer's Disease by administering to the patient an amount of one or more compounds effective to inhibit the phosphorylative activity of eEF2K, thereby inhibiting amyloid plaque deposition.

Abstract: This invention provides implantable medical devices that include delivery systems containing amino acid derivatives, and related methods for making and using. More specifically, this invention provides vascular stents with coatings containing methyl ester derivatives of amino acids, and related methods for making and using.

Abstract: Antimicrobial compositions which can be used wherever disinfecting compositions are needed, such as in a hospital, healthcare industry, workplace, recreational facility, home or similar environment. The antimicrobial compositions are particularly useful as a topical application for a substrate, such as skin and can be used as a hand sanitizer or pre-surgical scrub. The compositions comprise a synergistic combination of a simple aliphatic alcohol and an activity enhancing substance, wherein the composition provides, heretofore unexpected, persistent activity against a broad range of microorganisms, including gram-negative organisms, while moisturizing the skin.

Abstract: A method of delivering a curcuminoid to a patient, which includes iontophoretically delivering a charged curcuminoid across the skin of an Alzheimer's Disease patient.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for providing creatine to an animal, which includes receiving a creatine ester by the animal. The creatine ester is suitable for being modified by the animal to form creatine.

Abstract: A topical pharmacological preparation in the form of cream, suppositories or drops delivered topically to the vagina in order to contract the smooth muscle of the vaginal wall. The preparation contains a smooth muscle contracting agent such as oxytocin capable of constrict the vaginal tube reducing its overall diameter for a more pleasurable sexual experience for the female subject and his partner alike. The smooth muscle contracting agent can be associated with a systemic absorption retardant such as a mixture of Benzyl Alcohol, Acetone and Isopropanol. Such a formulation achieves high local tissue concentration of the smooth muscle contraction substance such as oxytocin in vicinity to the site of application, via minimization of systemic absorption of the smooth muscle contraction inducing substance and at the same time via promotion of its submucosal absorption across the mucosal barrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of decreasing the infectivity, morbidity and rate of mortality, in treating diseases associated with a variety of pathogenic organisms, specifically diseases involving one or more pathogens that require neuraminidase as a virulence factor. In addition, the present invention uses biology based therapy to treat neuraminidase dependent infections or diseases dependent on sialic acid metabolism.

Abstract: Cationic surfactants derived from the condensation of fatty acids and esterified dibasic amino acids, such as from lauric acid and arginine, in particular the ethyl ester of the lauramide of the arginine monohydrochloride (LAE), may be used for the treatment of objects which are infected with spores. The spores may originate from bacteria or fungi.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel C2-phenyl-substituted cyclic ketoenols of the formula (I) in which W, X, Y, Z and CKE are as defined in the description, to processes for their preparation and to their use as pesticides and herbicides.

Abstract: The present invention provides kits, methods and compositions for the treatment of diseases such as cancers. The compositions herein contain a substantially pure preparation of at least one catecholic butane, including, for example, NDGA compounds in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The catecholic butane such as NDGA or its derivatives are administered to one or more subjects in need of treatment by a route other than direct injection into the affected tissues or topical application on affected tissues.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new crystalline form of R-4-trimethylammonium-3-(tetradecylcarbamoyl)-amino butyrate (also named crystalline Form I of ST 1326 or teglicar), a process for its preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing same.

Abstract: A hair growth regulating agent containing, as an active ingredient, a compound represented by the following formula (I): [wherein R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C2 to C25 alkyl group; a group represented by the following formula (II): (wherein R1? represents a substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched C2 to C20 alkylene group, or —(CH2)n-{O—(CH2)m}o-O—(CH2)p- in which each of n, m, o, and p is an integer from 1 to 6; X? represents —CO—NH—, —O—CO—O—, —NH—CO—, —CO—O—, —O—CO—, or —O—; Y? represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C4 alkylene group; R2? represents a hydrogen atom or a C1 to C4 alkyl group; R3? represents a C1 to C4 alkyl group; and when R2? and R3? each represent a C1 to C4 alkyl group, the two alkyl groups may be identical to or different from each other); or a group represented by the following formula (III): (wherein R1?, X?, and Y? have the same meanings as defined above; R4?, R5?, and R6?, which may be identical to or different from one another,

Abstract: Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and glycerol esters of SCFAs not previously used for that purpose are provided for use as a medicament for treating, preventing or counteracting microbial infections in animals, including humans, by stimulating the innate antimicrobial peptide defense system. Preferred compounds include phenyl substituted short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derivatives and. Also provided are methods and compositions for treating, preventing or counteracting microbial infections, including bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections, by administration of medicaments comprising a secretagogue-effective amount of the compounds of the invention.

Abstract: Nutritional compositions are provided containing at least one PPAR agonist, at least one PGC-1alpha agonist, and at least one creatine derivative. Methods of promoting anabolism and improving or enhancing physical performance using the compositions are provided. The compositions and methods can be combined with physical training or exercise.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of inhibiting production and function of 3-deoxyglucosone and other alpha-dicarbonyl sugars in skin thereby treating or prevention various diseases, disorders or conditions. Additionally, the invention relates to treatment of various diseases, disorders or conditions associated with or mediated by oxidative stress since 3DG induces ROS and AGEs, which are associated with the inflammatory response caused by oxidative stress.

Abstract: Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) forms are expressed in spinal cord whose inhibition induces a potent antihyperalgesia. PLA2 inhibitor compounds are provided that include a common motif consisting of a 2-oxoamide with a hydrocarbon tail and a four carbon tether. The compounds block Group IVA calcium dependent PLA2 (cPLA2) and/or Group VIA calcium independent PLA2 (iPLA2) and/or Group V secreted PLA2 (sPLA2). Pharmaceutical compositions of compounds having cPLA2 inhibitory activity (but not iPLA2 or sPLA2 inhibitory activity) are useful in treating multiple sclerosis, while compositions of compounds having sPLA2 inhibitory activity (as well as iPLA2 and CPLA2 activity) are useful in treating spinal cord injuries (with related functional recovery).

Abstract: A method for the treatment and prophylaxis of conditions of aging due oxidative stress and as growth factors of stem cells. Such conditions due to oxidative stress are associated with a decreased presence of one or more cell-specific carbonic anhydrase enzymes in the tissue of a subject. Such conditions include but are not limited to alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, autism, lou gehrig's disease, huntington's disease, diabetes mellitus, amyloid diseases, atherosclerosis, arthritis, osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis. The method comprises administering to the patient a pharmaceutically effective, non-toxic amount of one or more compounds that increases the presence of one or more Carbonic Anhydrase Isozymes whose levels have been reduced in the subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds being esters of 5-aminolevulinic acids or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, including compounds of formula (I) R22N—CH2COCH2—CH2CO—OR1 (wherein R1 may represent alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyloxy, amino, aryl, oxo or fluoro groups and optionally interrupted by oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus atoms; and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group R1, and both R2 groups may be the identical or different), and their use in diagnosis and photochemotherapy of disorders or abnormalities of external or internal surfaces of the body, and products and kits for performing the invention.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds and compositions that inhibit the action of monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), methods of inhibiting MGL and FAAH, methods of modulating cannabinoid receptors, and methods of treating various disorders related to the modulation of cannabinoid receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of sphingolipids for the preparation of a food item, a food supplement and/or a medicament for the prevention and/or treatment of elevated blood levels of cholesterol and triglycerides related to steatosis and hepatotoxic effects of medicaments and viral infections. In particular, the invention relates to the use of a sphingolipid such as phytosphingosine, sphingosine, sphinganine, ceramide, glycosylceramide and/or sphingomyelin, or a precursor or a derivative of a sphingolipid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the prevention and/or treatment of hepatotoxic effects such as hepatic steatosis, fibrosis and/or cirrhosis.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter generally relates to methods and compositions for inhibiting the expression and/or activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) genes in a cancer cell, tissue or tumor. More particularly, the methods disclosed herein relate to inhibition of HIF-1 activation in a tumor, increasing sensitivity of a tumor cell to radiation and/or chemotherapy, delaying tumor growth, inhibiting tumor blood vessel growth, inhibiting inflammatory responses in a cell through the use of compositions that prevent the nitrosylation of HIF-1, and methods for screening for new inhibitors of HIF-1 activiation. Additionally, the compositions disclosed herein relate to compositions that can be employed in, and are identified by, the disclosed methods.

Abstract: Compounds which modulate quorum sensing in quorum sensing bacteria. Compounds of the invention inhibit quorum sensing and/or activate quorum sensing in various bacteria. Compounds that inhibit quorum sensing are particularly useful for inhibition of detrimental bacterial biofilm formation. Compounds that activate quorum sensing are particularly useful for promoting growth and biofilm formation of beneficial bacterial.

Abstract: Methods of screening for a cause of low sperm motility and/or for mitochondrial impairment in subjects are provided, comprising determining a genotype of the subject with respect to at least one choline metabolism gene and comparing the genotype of the subject with at least one reference choline metabolism genotype associated with low sperm motility and/or impaired mitochondrial function, wherein a similarity between the subject and reference genotypes indicates a cause of low sperm motility and/or impaired mitochondrial function in the subject. In another aspect, methods for treating subjects having low sperm motility and/or impaired mitochondrial function are provided, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of a choline metabolism supplement composition to at least partially ameliorate the low sperm motility and/or impaired mitochondrial function.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to the improvement of tissue health by increasing local blood flow. In some aspects of the invention, increased local blood flow is effected by the transdermal delivery of the nitric oxide precursor L-arginine and/or its derivatives alone, or optionally in conjunction with an adjunct such as theophylline. The transdermal delivery is effected, in certain embodiments through the means of a hostile biophysical environment, such as that created by a high ionic strength environment. Various pathological states caused by, or occurring in conjunction with, insufficient blood flow, can be treated using the systems and methods of the invention as described herein. In other embodiments, increased blood flow using the systems and methods of the invention may result in enhanced healing, for example, through greater availability of the constituents of the blood.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a photosensitiser which is 5-ALA or a precursor or derivative thereof (e.g. an ALA ester), in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical product for use in the photodynamic treatment or diagnosis of cancer, an infection associated with cancer, or in the treatment or diagnosis of a non-cancerous condition, wherein said pharmaceutical product is in the form of a solid. The invention also relates to solid pharmaceutical products for use in such methods, e.g. suppositories, pessaries, tablets, pellets and capsules which comprise 5-ALA or a precursor or derivative thereof (e.g. an ALA ester) and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Such products are particularly suitable for use in the photodynamic treatment or diagnosis of cancerous or non-cancerous conditions in the lower part of the gastrointestinal system or in the female reproductive system, e.g. in the treatment or diagnosis of colorectal cancer or cervical cancer.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of cancer involves delivering a surface active agent to an organism, where the surface active agent selectively partitions to and kills cancer cells as opposed to healthy cells. The surface active agent can be an ionic or a non-ionic surfactant with a HLB of less than 29 or a mixture of surface active agents with a HLB of less than 40, where the hydrophobic portion is a lesser fraction of the surface active agent than the hydrophilic portion. A fluorescence method of detecting and locating cancer cells in an organism involves delivering a surface active agent, where the surface active agent includes a fluorescence moiety that upon selective partitioning of the surface active agent to the cancer cells and irradiation by a radiation source to excite the fluorescence moiety, a fluorescence emission is observed permitting the detection and location of the cancerous tissue by local volumes of relatively high intensity emission.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a titratable dosage transdermal delivery system for systemic delivery of a therapeutic agent or drug. The system comprises a plurality of patch units that are connected along one or more borders. The plurality of patch units are divisible into units along the one or more borders having one or more lines of separation. Each patch unit is surrounded by a border. The therapeutic patch has at least a backing layer and a therapeutic agent comprising layer. The dosage of therapeutic agent delivered to a patient is proportional to the number of patch unit applied per treatment. The system enables systemic administration of a titratable dosage of therapeutic agent, adjustable by the patient under the direction of a physician, through the skin or mucosa. Moreover, the invention relates to a method of making the titratable dosage transdermal delivery system.

Abstract: Novel ester derivatives of ascorbic acid and 2-keto-acid saccharides are provided wherein the ester is introduced by ester bond formation between at least one hydroxy-functionality on the ascorbic acid or 2-keto-acid saccharide and a carboxy-functional organosiloxane, or between a 2-keto-gulonic acid and a hydroxy-functional organosiloxane, as well as methods for their synthesis. Treatment, cosmetic, and personal care formulations comprising the novel esters are also provided, including controlled release forms thereof.

Abstract: Oncogenic Ras-driven cancer is treated with agent by interrupting pathway comprising activation of Akt by oncogenic Ras, activated Akt causing phosphorylation of eNOS at S1177 site of eNOS to provide activated eNOS in cancer cells and activated eNOS causing activation of wildtype Ras by nitrosylation thereof at C118 to provide GTP-bound activated wildtype H and N Ras. L-NAME can be orally administered to interrupt this pathway. Wortmannin can be administered intravenously to interrupt this pathway. Novel siRNAs are disclosed useful to interrupt said pathway.

Abstract: This invention relates to photodynamic therapy (PDT), more specifically PDT for atherosclerotic plaque via delivering PDT-loaded nanoparticles such as liposomes, polymersomes, micelles and polymeric nanoparticles into the diseased vascular tissue. This invention provides method and formulations for delivering multiple drugs and delivering drugs to specific targeted site.

Abstract: The invention includes a method of increasing the substantivity of a personal care composition to hair, skin or nails by preparing a composition of an aqueous phase, a non-aqueous phase and a neutralized amino acid ester that is a reaction product of a neutral amino acid having a non-polar side chain with a long chain fatty alcohol and is represented by formula (I): wherein R1 is an alkyl group; R2 is a linear or branched carbon chain; and the amine group of the amino acid is neutralized with an acid. The composition is substantially free of petrochemicals and/or derivatives of petrochemical materials. The aqueous phase and the non-aqueous phase are emulsified by the neutralized amino acid ester. Other methods and an emulsifiers that is the neutralized amino acid ester are included. Because the neutralized amino acid ester and the compositions do not contain petrochemical-derived ingredient, the products are natural.