Abstract: The present invention provides an ophthalmic composition which stabilizes the tear film during wearing contact lens, prevents eye dryness, imparts a favorable sensation in using, is highly convenient with no risk of misuse and shows a high efficiency in the course from manufacturing to sales. More specifically, the present invention provides a wetting solution—eye drops for contact lenses comprising (A) one or more member(s) selected from the group consisting of a cellulose-based polymer, a vinyl-based polymer, polyethylene glycol and dextran; and (B) a terpenoid.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions containing at least 90% by weight of dimer diol for use in a method for the surgical or therapeutic treatment of the human or animal body, and in particular to the use thereof as a body fluid replacement substance.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions are provided that include a lubricant, a deturgescent agent, a glycosaminoglycan, and water. Methods of using the ophthalmic compositions are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for coating ophthalmic lenses, preferably contact lenses, more preferably silicone hydrogel contact lenses. In particular, the present invention is directed to a method for forming a coating comprising a polyionic material on a contact lens, preferably a silicone hydrogel contact lens, directly in the primary package and maintaining the coated contact lens within said primary package until insertion of the coated contact lens in the eye of the contact lens user.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions are provided that include a lubricant, a deturgescent agent, a glycosaminoglycan, and water. Methods of using the ophthalmic compositions are also provided.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of repairing retinal tissue using resorbable tamponade compositions that are heavier than aqueous humor and contain one or more glysosaminoglycans.

Abstract: The use of inorganic nanoparticles to stabilize aqueous hydrogen peroxide solutions is described. The preferred nanoparticles are formed from clays. The use of nanoparticles formed from synthetic smectite clays is particularly preferred. The stabilized hydrogen peroxide solutions may be utilized for various purposes, but are particularly useful as contact lens disinfecting solutions.

Abstract: Ophthalmic compositions suitable for use as artificial tears or as vehicles for ophthalmic drugs are disclosed. The compositions contain a combination of three polymers that have a synergistic effect on viscosity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for delivering bioadhesive, bioresorbable, anti-adhesion compositions. Antiadhesion compositions can be made of intermacromolecular complexes of carboxyl-containing polysaccharides, polyethers, polyacids, polyalkylene oxides, multivalent cations and/or polycations. The polymers are associated with each other, and are then used as fluids, gels or foams. By providing a product bag, the compositions can be delivered as gels or as sprays. By dissolving propellant gases in the compositions, the materials can be delivered as foams, which have decreased density, and therefore can adhere to surfaces that previously have been difficult to coat with antiadhesion gels. Delivery systems can also provide mechanisms for expelling more product, and for directing the flow of materials leaving the delivery system. Bioresorbable, bioadhesive, anti-adhesion, and/or hemostatic compositions are useful in surgery to prevent the formation and reformation of post-surgical adhesions.

Abstract: A method and preparation for enhancing drainage of lacrimal system in a subject in need of such treatment is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the ocular surfaces of the subject a purinergic receptor agonist such as uridine 5?-triphosphate (UTP), dinucleotides, cytidine 5?-triphosphate (CTP), adenosine 5?-triphosphate (ATP), or their therapeutically useful analogs and derivatives, in an amount effective to stimulate tear fluid secretion and enhance drainage of the lacrimal system. Pharmaceutical formulations and methods of making the same are also disclosed. Methods of administering the same would include: topical administration via a liquid, gel, cream, or as part of a contact lens or selective release membrane; or systemic administration via nasal drops or spray, inhalation by nebulizer or other device, oral form (liquid or pill), injectable, intra-operative instillation or suppository form.

Abstract: An ophthalmic fluid containing at least one triglyceride, diglyceride, or monoglyceride which is chemically similar or compatible with compounds found naturally in the lipid layer of the tear film of an ocular substrate. Preferably the glycerides are derived from a fatty acid containing at least one unsaturated bond in a cis-configuration in the fatty acid residue. The ophthalmic fluid is arranged in use to provide a protective film across a tear film of an ocular substrate. Furthermore, the ophthalmic fluid is also arranged in use to provide a protective film intermediate a lipid layer of the tear film of the ocular substrate and a contact lens.

Abstract: A method and preparation for the stimulation of tear secretion in a subject in need of such treatment is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the ocular surfaces of the subject a purinergic receptor agonist such as uridine 5?-triphosphate [UTP], dinucleotides, cytidine 5?-triphosphate [CTP], adenosine 5?-triphosphate [ATP], or their therapeutically useful analogs and derivatives, in an amount effective to stimulate tear fluid secretion and enhance drainage of the lacrimal system. Pharmaceutical formulations and methods of making the same are also disclosed. Methods of administering the same would include: topical administration via a liquid, gel, cream, or as part of a contact lens or selective release membrane; or systemic administration via nasal drops or spray, inhalation by nebulizer or other device, oral form (liquid or pill), injectable, intra-operative instillation or suppository form.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved methods for making and using bioadhesive, bioresorbable, anti-adhesion compositions made of intermacromolecular complexes of carboxyl-containing polysaccharides, polyethers, polyacids, polyalkylene oxides, multivalent cations and/or polycations. The polymers are associated with each other, and are then either dried into membranes or sponges, or are used as fluids or microspheres. Bioresorbable, bioadhesive, anti-adhesion compositions are useful in surgery to prevent the formation and reformation of post-surgical adhesions. The compositions are designed to breakdown in-vivo, and thus be removed from the body. Membranes are inserted during surgery either dry or optionally after conditioning in aqueous solutions.

Abstract: Improved artificial tear compositions are described. The compositions are preferably formulated as sterile, isotonic solutions. The solutions contain a unique combination of three demulcents. The solutions preferably also contain one or more electrolytes and may also contain a nonionic surfactant. The solutions provide ocular comfort and are particularly useful in patients that are experiencing mild to moderate dryness or other irritation of the cornea. The solutions may be packaged as either an unpreserved unit dose product or as a preserved multi-dose product. The multi-dose products contain a very mild antimicrobial preservative system, and consequently can be frequently applied to the eye with little risk of ocular irritation attributable to the preservative components.

Abstract: An ophthalmic solution comprising: 0.01 to 5 weight percent imidazole: 0.01 to 30 weight percent hydrogen peroxide and the balance water which can further comprisie 0.01 to 2 weight percent of a buffer adjusted so the pH of the formulation is between 5.5 to 8.5.

Abstract: Dry-eye syndrome and other dryness effects of glandular malfunction are treated orally by a combination which includes a source of omega-3 fatty acid, a source of omega-6 fatty acid, vitamin A, vitamin B6, a source of magnesium and a water-soluble antioxidant. The preparation preferably is contained in a capsule. In a preferred form of the preparation and of the method, the preparation also includes mucin and cold water fish oil. The fatty acids preferably are contained in blackcurrant seed oil, and the water-soluble antioxidant is preferably in the form of vitamin C.

Abstract: 3-heteroatom substituted and two carbon homologs of 15-HETE, and their derivatives, compositions and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a biguanide-containing disinfecting solution containing tyloxapol in combination with a poloxamine for stabilizing the biguanide, which is especially useful for contact-lens solutions that provide enhanced disinfecting and enhanced cleaning efficacy. The method of the present invention comprises cleaning and disinfecting a contact lens with the above-described solution.

Abstract: Water-soluble borate-polyol complexes are useful as buffers and/or antimicrobials in aqueous ophthalmic compositions, including those containing polyvinyl alcohol. These compositions have greater antimicrobial activity than comparable compositions containing typical borate buffers and unexpectedly increase the antimicrobial efficacy of other antimicrobial agents when used in combination. In addition, use of the borate-polyol complexes avoids the incompatibility problem typically associated with the combination of borate buffer and polyvinyl alcohol; therefore, the compositions disclosed herein may also contain polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: 3-heteroatom substituted and two carbon homologs of 15-HETE, and their derivatives, compositions and methods of their use for treating dry eye are disclosed.

Abstract: A calcium-based ophthalmic composition for treating dry eye including a hydrophobic carrier, such as petrolatum, and a calcium salt. Also a method for treating dry eye comprising the step of administering the composition according to the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a lubricant for contact lenses or dry eye or to provide relief from eye irritation. In particular, the composition contains a biguanide preservative in combination with polyvinylpyrollidone. An ophthalmic solution containing such a combination of components can be applied, in the form of droplets, to the eye or to contact lens in the eye. In one embodiment of the invention, the composition is used as a universal lubricant, meaning that the same solution can be used with or without contact lenses, depending on the needs of the user, whether in the context of a contact-lens care or general eye care.

Abstract: Water-soluble borate-polyol complexes are useful as buffers and/or antimicrobials in aqueous ophthalmic compositions, including those containing polyvinyl alcohol. These compositions have greater antimicrobial activity than comparable compositions containing typical borate buffers and unexpectedly increase the antimicrobial efficacy of other antimicrobial agents when used in combination. In addition, use of the borate-polyol complexes avoids the incompatibility problem typically associated with the combination of borate buffer and polyvinyl alcohol; therefore, the compositions disclosed herein may also contain polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Coatings for surgical instruments which comprise substituted fluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl monomers having anionic, cationic, and/or nonionic surface active functionality in the unsaturated fluorophobic ends.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition and process for treating blepharitis employing the composition of 0.5-10% of available nonionic surfactant in water to emulsify and remove lipids from the corneal surface.

Abstract: An eye drop composition for alleviation of dry eye related symptoms in dry eye patients and contact lens wearers includes an emulsion of a higher fatty acid glyceride, polysorbate 80 and an emulsion stabilizing amount of Pemulen.RTM. in water suitable for topical application to ocular tissue.

Abstract: A method of reducing corneal scarring or fibroblast proliferation comprises applying to an area of a subject's eye afflicted with the condition a corneal scar-fibroblast proliferation-reducing amount of a free or polymer-bound HLE inhibitory agent under conditions and for a period of time effective to attain the desired effect. A method of reducing neovascularization of corneal scar tissue comprises applying to an area of a subject's eye afflicted with the condition a neovascularization-inhibitory amount of a free or polymer-bound HLE inhibitory agent under conditions and for a period of time effective to attain the desired effect.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing pranoprofen, comprising placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen in coexistence with an antioxidant, or placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen under the conditions of limited supply of oxygen, and a stable aqueous preparation of pranoprofen, comprising pranoprofen and an antioxidant. According to the present invention, the decomposition of pranoprofen in an aqueous solution of pranoprofen is remarkably suppressed. In particular, pranoprofen becomes stable to light, thus permitting long-term preservation of an aqueous solution, specifically a liquid preparation, of pranoprofen.

Abstract: An ophthalmic formulation is described containing at least one pharmaceutically active substance, purified water, and an amount of gelling agent effective to form an aqueous gel. The gel has a viscosity of from 75,000 to 3,000,000 centipoise and does not contain an oil phase. The pharmaceutically active substance is solubilized in the formulation. The gelling agent consists essentially of cellulose or a water soluble cellulose derivative.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a therapeutic composition comprising an aqueous solution of at least one polymer and at least one electrolyte, wherein the aqueous solution is preferably buffered and optionally contains at least one mucin. The polymer can be chosen for instance from the group which consists of scleroglucan, guar gum, xanthane gum, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl alcohol. The therapeutic composition according to the invention can serve as saliva substitution agent, artificial tear water, in a mouth rinse or in a toothpaste.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sampling kit for obtaining, in a rapid and gentle manner, a defined volume of lacrimal fluid for the purpose of reproducibly determining components of the lacrimal fluid.

Abstract: An ophthalmic composition and process for treating blepharitis employing the composition of 0.5-10% of available nonionic surfactant in water to emulsify and remove lipids from the corneal surface.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the decomposition rate of polymeric bioadhesives and viscosity enhancers, such as poly(acrylic acids). The compositions include at least one strong, stable chelating agent, preferably an organophosphorous compound such as diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid). These biocompatible compositions are especially useful in the ophthalmic field.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing pranoprofen, comprising placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen in coexistence with an antioxidant, or placing an aqueous solution of pranoprofen under the conditions of limited supply of oxygen, and a stable aqueous preparation of pranoprofen, comprising pranoprofen and an antioxidant. According to the present invention, the decomposition of pranoprofen in an aqueous solution of pranoprofen is remarkably suppressed. In particular, pranoprofen becomes stable to light, thus permitting long-term preservation of an aqueous solution, specifically a liquid preparation, of pranoprofen.

Abstract: A calcium-based ophthalmic composition for treating dry eye is disclosed. The composition includes a hydrophobic carrier such as petrolatum and a calcium salt. The composition can further include a polyol such as glycerol, and an agent such as anhydrous lanolin, to enhance the interface between the carrier, and the calcium salt and polyol. Also disclosed is a method for treating dry eye comprising the step of administering the composition according to the present invention by placing the composition on the lateral portion of the lower eyelid margin. This method allows the composition to gradually disperse onto the cornea and conjunctiva.

Abstract: There are disclosed ophthalmic compositions having high water-binding properties which are useful as: moisturizing and lubricating (i.e. artificial tear) solutions, dry eye therapies, contact lens wetting and lubricating solutions, and as delivery vehicles for ophthalmic drugs. The subject compositions include glycerin in combination with propylene glycol. The subject compositions may further include cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, along with preservatives, e.g. benzylalkonium chloride, PHMB, sorbic acid, etc. Preferred compositions have at least 11% bound water, a pH from about 7.1 to 7.5, and an osmolality between about 280 to about 320 mOsm/Kg.

Abstract: Ophthalmic preparation for use as artificial tear containing hyaluronate as a viscosity thickener, preferably in the form of sodic salt and having a molecular weight of 500,000 to 4,000,000 daltons, at a concentration of 0.05 to 2% by weight, as well as the following minimum quantities of ionic species: 40 mmol/l sodium ion, 12 mmol/l potassium ion, 0.4 mmol/l calcium ion, 0.4 mmol/l magnesium ion, 50 mmol/l chloride ion, 7 mmol/l phosphate ion and, preferably, 0.7 mmol/l citrate ion. The formulation, which as an osmolarity of 140 to 280 mOsm/l, is useful for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and may be administered whenever the use of artifical tears is advisable, e.g. for the treatment of eye irritations caused by environmental conditions or contact lenses.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring ophthalmic formulation retention on the surface of an eye include dissolving a fluorescent macromolecule in an ophthalmic formulation to form a fluorescently labelled formulation; topically administering the fluorescently labelled formulation to an eye, said fluorescently labelled formulation forming a thin film on the eye surface. Apparatus is provided for illuminating the eye to cause fluorescence of the fluorescently labelled formulation as the fluorescently labelled formulation thin film is eliminated from the eye by normal blinking and lacrimation; and for measuring fluorescence from the thin film as a function of time.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the decomposition rate of polymeric bioadhesives and viscosity enhancers, such as poly(acrylic acids). The compositions include at least one strong, stable chelating agent, preferably an organophosphorous compound such as diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid). These biocompatible compositions are especially useful in the ophthalmic field.

Abstract: Compositions comprising cationic polysaccharide polymers and anionic therapeutic agents which can have enhanced substantivity to mucosal surfaces are disclosed. These compositions are well suited, for example, for the delivery of anionic ophthalmic pharmaceuticals because they can provide clear solution in addition to substantivity.

Abstract: Reversibly gel-forming compositions for sustained delivery of bio-affecting substances are disclosed. The compositions exhibit significant changes in viscosity in response to changes in pH. The compositions contain relatively low concentrations of a stable combination of at least one pH-responsive gelling polymer and at least one other thermally nonresponsive polymer. The compositions are preferably formulated to include one or more therapeutic or diagnostic agents for administration as a liquid that will gel in situ or for topical application as a pre-formed gel.

Abstract: The invention concerns the recognition that certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents produce cytoprotective effects on trabecular cells, and thus can be used to prevent injury to the cells and treat the loss of trabecular cells caused by oxidative or other forms of injury to the cells. Such treatment can ameliorate the severity, or prevent, glaucoma.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic composition therapeutic in the treatment of dry eye syndrome is disclosed. The composition is comprised of a minimally soluble salt of calcium that has been finely divided into particles having a mean diameter of 10 to 60 microns. The calcium salt particles are suspended within a pharmacologically acceptable carrier such as petrolatum or physiological saline. The composition is delivered to the ocular surface in an amount and for a time sufficient to alleviate the symptoms of dry eye.

Abstract: A method for the healing of wounds caused by corneal injury, which includes administering to a mammalian patient in need thereof an effective wound healing amount of lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase or a combination of lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase as active ingredients, either alone or in admixture with at least one excipient.

Abstract: A method of retarding and ameliorating eye diseases and injuries is disclosed. The method comprises administering astaxanthin in a therapeutically-effective amount to prevent, retard or treat eye and central nervous system diseases or injuries, such as age-related macular degeneration and other central nervous system degenerative diseases, photic injury, ischemic diseases, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: An ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition containing an association of N-acetyl-cysteine and polyvinylalcohol useful for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

Abstract: Water-soluble borate-polyol complexes are useful as buffers and/or antimicrobials in aqueous ophthalmic compositions, including those containing polyvinyl alcohol. These compositions have greater antimicrobial activity than comparable compositions containing typical borate buffers and unexpectedly increase the antimicrobial efficacy of other antimicrobial agents when used in combination. In addition, use of the borate-polyol complexes avoids the incompatibility problem typically associated with the combination of borate buffer and polyvinyl alcohol; therefore, the compositions disclosed herein may also contain polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A topical composition comprising an amount of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and an amount of .beta.-cyclodextrin derivative effective in increasing the bioavailability of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor when coadministered topically to the eye.

Abstract: Saline solutions useful in treating contact lenses are described. Unlike prior saline solutions used for similar purposes, the present solutions do not contain conventional antimicrobial agents which are potentially toxic to ocular tissues. Rather, the solutions contain a combination of a borate-polyol complex, one or more anionic or nonionic surfactants, and a low molecular weight amino acid (e.g., glycine). It has been found that this combination effectively preserves the saline solutions from antimicrobial contamination, is relatively nontoxic to ocular tissues, and is compatible with oxidizing agents used in certain contact lens disinfecting systems. The combination also facilitates the cleaning of contact lenses.

Abstract: An ophthalmic pharmaceutical composition containing an association of N-acetyl-cysteine and polyvinylalcohol useful for the treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.