Abstract: Certain Castanospermine ester derivatives of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-14 alkanoyl, C.sub.1-14 alkenoyl, cyclohexanecarbonyl, C.sub.1-8 alkoxyacetyl, ##STR2## naphthalenecarbonyl optionally substituted by methyl or halogen; phenyl (C.sub.2-6 alkanoyl) wherein the phenyl is optionally substituted by methyl or halogen; cinnamoyl; pyridinecarbonyl optionally substituted by methyl or halogen; dihydropyridine carbonyl optionally substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl; thiophenecarbonyl optionally substituted by methyl or halogen; or furancarbonyl optionally substituted by methyl or halogen; Y is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylsulfonyl, C.sub.1-4 alkylmercapto, cyano or dimethylamino; Y' is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, halogen or it is combined with Y to give 3,4-methylenedioxy; Y" is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or halogen; with R, R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for treating dermatologic diseases caused by microbial overgrowth or inflammation, such as psoriasis, fungal infections, eczema, dandruff, acne, genital herpes lesions, and leg ulcers. There is further disclosed an antiviral lubricating composition that is effective in preventing the transmission of the HIV virus and other sexually transmitted diseases. There is also disclosed systemic anti-inflammatory compositions and formulations and a method for reducing tissue inflammation in tissues such as the bowel, muscle, bone, tendon and joints (e.g., arthritis).

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions for topical use in the treatment of infections caused by Herpes virus comprising from 8 to 12% caffeine as active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable topical excipient, the caffeine particles being less than 50 .mu.m in size or having a particle size distribution in which at least 90% of the particles have a mass median diameter of less than 9 .mu.m. Methods of treating patients suffering from Herpes infections in a tissue area, comprising topical application of the novel compositions, are also disclosed.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical, vaginal applicable preparation is characterized in that it contains, homogeneously sub-divided, at least one in water soluble poly-vinyl alcohol, at least one component A, selected from the group consisting of wetting agents, non-ionic surface active agents and dispersing agents, as well as at least one active component B for the local treatment of sexually transmissible or transmitted, respectively, diseases, and/or for vaginal infections, and occasionally one or more auxiliary agent(s), and in that it is in the form of a film having a thickness of the layer of from 0.05 to 0.5 mm, especially from 0.06 to 0.2 mm, preferably from 0.07 to 0.15 mm.

Abstract: Multiple daily applications of a topical composition having as the active ingredients an anesthetic and a surfactant with anti-vital activity decrease the time of healing of herpes simplex viral lesions from approximately seven to ten days to five to six days, as well as decrease inflammation and pain. The composition is applied to the lesions daily, approximately every four hours, preferably beginning at the prodromal stage of infection. Relief is almost immediate, and is characterized by decreased pain, swelling, and more rapid healing as compared with the untreated lesion.

Abstract: A method of treating conditions of amine vaginitis, purulent vaginitis and dysplasia of the mouth of the uterus resulting from papilloma virus infection in the genital region of female animals by topically applying ascorbic acid to the affected region. The invention also provides a medicinal composition in the form of a an ointment or tablet containing about 3% to about 50% by weight of ascorbic acid and the balance a pharmaceutically acceptable ointment or tabletting carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to purified extracts from Neem leaves. The extracts inhibit the adhesion of infectious cells and cancer cells to endothelial cells. The extracts also inhibit viruses, and malaria parasites in both the asexual and sexual forms. The invention also relates to a method of extraction, and pharmaceutical preparations containing the purified extracts.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel polysubstituted benzimidazoles and compositions and their use in the treatment of viral infections. The polysubstituted benzimidazoles and compositions of the present invention exhibit antiviral properties against viruses of the herpes family, particularly human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and herpes simplex viruses (HSV). Preferred polysubstituted benzimidazoles of the invention are 2,5,6-Trichloro-1-(.beta.-D-5-deoxyribofuranosyl)benzimidazole and 2-bromo-5,6-dichloro-1-(5-deoxy-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl)benzimidazole.

Abstract: The glycosylphospholipid nucleoside derivatives of the invention are based on the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 is a nucleoside derivative selected from the group consisting of 3'-azidothymidine (AZT); 2', 3'-dideoxythymidine (ddT); and 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (dFU);R.sub.2 is a hexose or pentose sugar, with the exception of glucose when x is 1;A is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or alkoxy chain containing from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, said alkyl or alkoxy chain having at its extremity a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and an NR'R" group, wherein R' and R" represent hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;x is a number from 1 to 12;y is a number from 1 to 4; andz is 0 or 1; and further wherein:attachment of said hexose sugar is at position 1 or position 6 of said hexose sugar, and attachment of said pentose sugar is at position 1 or position 5 of said pentose sugar.

Abstract: Pyrimidine 4'-thionucleosides of the formula I ##STR1## wherein Y is hydroxy or amino, and X is chloro, bromo, iodo, trifluoromethyl, C.sub.2-6 alkyl, C.sub.2-6 alkenyl, C.sub.2-6 haloalkenyl or C.sub.2-6 alkynyl and physiologically functional derivatives thereof. These compounds have utility as anti-vital agents.

Abstract: Chronic herpes virus infections are treated in human patients by the administration by a pharmacologically effective mode or route of an essentially pure opiate receptor antagonist, preferably an essentially pure opiate receptor antagonist exhibiting substantially higher blocking action against Mu opiate receptor sites than against Delta receptor sites, exemplified by Naltrexone and Naloxone, at a low dose concentration which produces therapeutic results corresponding to those produced by Naltrexone when administered in the range of 1 mg to 10 mg and at which Delta receptor blocking activity is at most small while Mu receptor blocking activity is significant and most preferably exclusive.

Abstract: All other products on the market only treat the herpes virus infection and help to ease the discomfort. The other products will not keep the virus from recurrening. Salphurbon Lotion was designed as a means to detroy the herpes virus, cure the infection, and prevent the virus from recurring in treated areas. Salphurbon Lotion is a medication designed to destroy the Herpes Type I and Type II virus. Salphurbon Lotion not only helps to eliminate the discomforts associated with the Herpes virus; it will also cure the infected area, and prevent recurring infections.

Abstract: A biologically active composition made up of core particles having diameters of less than about 1000 nanometers which are coated with a layer which is designed to allow attachment of biologically active proteins, peptides or pharmacological agents to the microparticles. When Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) viral protein is attached to the core particles, the result is a viral decoy which accurately mimics native HIV in size, structure and surface character while being entirely devoid of virulent activity due to the microparticle core. The HIV decoy is useful as a vaccine for treating mammals to elicit an immune response.

Abstract: There is provided methods for inhibiting the activity of enveloped viruses, treatment of viral infections and method inactiviting sperm. There is provided articles for use in these methods.

Abstract: Acyl-Carnitine in pharmaceutical formulations provides therapeutic and preventive antiviral action against HSV, CMV, VZV, HIV and others.

Abstract: The use of the active ingredient present in the juice obtained from the green hull of the kukui nut for use as an antiviral pharmaceutical agent. This active ingredient is particularly useful in the topical treatment of viral infections, such as herpes simplex, genital herpes, genital warts, herpes zoster and chickenpox. The raw liquid juice, or the juice formulated in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, is topically administered to the surface lesion caused by the virus. Some components present of the active ingredient in the kukui nut hull juice include methyl esters of long chain fatty acids and their isomers.

Abstract: LEM which is an aqueous extract of a mycelial culture of Lentinus Edodes and has a sugar composition composed of arabinose, xylose, glucose, mannose, galasctose, fucose and rhamnose, as well as a fraction of LEM which corresponds to molecular weights of 10,000 to 1,000,000 daltons and has a sugar composition composed of arabinose, xylose, glucose, mannose and galactose are provided as agents for inhibiting the adsorption of herpesviruses such as herpes simplex to the cells.

Abstract: A compound for the treatment of calcium oxalate kidney stone disease and viral infections caused by enveloped viruses which can be extracted and purified from leaves of the plant Eriobotrya japonica is disclosed. The compound has the following characteristics: inhibits calcium oxalate crystal growth in vitro; inhibits renal calcium oxalate crystal deposition in rats which are fed ethylene glycol, causes rats which are fed ethylene glycol and said compound to excrete less oxalate in their urine as compared to rats which are fed ethylene glycol without said compound; shows little or no loss in activity when exposed to an aqueous solution of pH 1.5 for 14 hours; shows increased activity when exposed to an aqueous solution of pH 12.7 for 15 hours; is polyanionic; is stable when heated in an aqueous solution (at pH of extract) at 98.degree. C. for 3 hours; water-soluble; insoluble in heptane, hexane, chloroform/methanol mix, diethyl ether, and ethanol/aqueous mix; binds to DEAE-A-25 Sephadex at pH 8.

Abstract: Phosphorothioate oligodeoxyribonucleotide analogs can be used to prevent replication of foreign nucleic acids in the presence of normal living cells, as well as to inhibit the proliferation of neoplastic cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of diagnosing and treating neuropathic pain syndromes with a composition of which Pelaroonium graveolens Ait. oil is the principle therapeutic agent. This oil is alternatively called geranium oil bourbon, oil geranium reunion, and oil rose-geranium. In particular, this invention discloses a method and composition to be used in treating and diagnosing neuropathic pain syndromes, including but not limited to Postherpetic Neuralgia and Reflex Syndrome Dystrophy, in which geranium oil bourbon is applied topically to the area affected with neuropathic pain symptoms.This invention provides a previously unavailable method for distinguishing pain caused by Postherpetic Neuralgia or by Reflex Syndrome Dystrophy from that caused by a host of other neuropathies. Additionally, this invention provides a previously unavailable means of treating the often unbearable pain caused by these two neuropathies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising matter extracted from the well-known and readily available tropical marine invertebrate, Ecteinascidia turbinata, and designated herein as ecteinascidins, and to the use of such compositions as antibacterial, anti-viral, and/or antitumor agents in mammals.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous extract of the Acanthospermum hispidum plant and its use as a medicament. The extract is effective as an immunomodulator, in the remedy of radiation sickness, in the prophylaxis and therapy of virus diseases and in the prophylaxis and therapy of retroviral diseases in mammals, and has an antitumor effect.

Abstract: Carnosic acid is obtained by extracting sage and rosemary with an apolar solvent, contacting the extract with an adsorbent material to separate carnosic acid from apolar compounds of the extract, desorbing the adsorbent with a polar solvent and then evaporating the solvent to obtain a residue containing carnosic acid. The carnosic acid contained in the residue may be purified by crystallizing it from the residue.

Abstract: A group of known naphthalene derivatives have been found to be useful for preventing or relieving herpes viral infections.

Abstract: Antisense oligonucleotides and pharmaceutical compositions containing same are provided for the inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus infections. These oligonucleotides are specifically hybridizable with RNA or DNA deriving from the EBNA-1 gene of the Epstein-Barr virus. One or more oligonucleotides are used in combination to hybridize to contiguous regions of the EBNA-1 mRNA immediately downstream of the translation initiation site.

Abstract: Methods of treatment are described for use of purified nerve growth factor to ameliorate viral infections in an animal caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Types 1 and 2. Compositions are described for use in the treatment comprising purified nerve growth factor alone or in conjunction with a Herpes Simplex Viral antiviral agent.

Abstract: A piracetam-containing preparation is applied to prevent and/or treat recurrent herpetic lesions. When used prophylactically, the piracetam-containing preparation is applied during the prodromal phase of a herpes recurrence at the site of previous eruptions. When used for treatment purposes, the piracetam-containing preparation is initially applied within six to twelve hours of the appearance of the herpetic lesions and application is continued at set intervals until the lesions disappear.

Abstract: A reverse transcriptase inhibitor such as 3'-azido-3-deoxythymidine is used for the treatment or prophylaxis of a retrovirus-associated carcinoma such as breast cancer in a human.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to antiviral compositions containing .alpha.-cyclodextrin sulfates alone and in combination with other known antiviral agents and glucocorticoids and methods of treating viral infections.

Abstract: A method utilizing compositions for topical application which are adapted for the prevention and treatment of viral infections such as Herpes, AIDS and other envelope virus infections are disclosed. The compositions of the present invention produce a synergistic anti-viral effect when used in combination. The formulation contains a humectant such as sorbitol, glycerol, or other comparable compound in the range of 20-80% w/v final concentration, which facilitates structural and/or functional three dimensional disruption or disorientation of the viral envelope. The activation of the destruction of the envelope and subsequent death of the envelope virus is then achieved using combination of inorganic monovalent anions, nonionic detergents and anionic detergents. These monovalent anions can include sodium bicarbonate, sodium thiocyanate, sodium fluoride and sodium chloride at about 0.5 to 5% w/v final concentration; nonionic detergents such as Tween 20 at concentrations of about 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of zinc salts as anti-viral agents in sexual lubricants. A zinc salt which releases divalent zinc ions in an aqueous carrier fluid is provided in a sexual lubricant formulation which is spread on the genitals before sexual intercourse. The mixture is non-irritating, and the zinc ions serve as an anti-viral agent to reduce the risk of contracting genital herpes if a sexual partner is infected. These lubricants may also reduce the risk of infection by other sexually transmitted viral diseases, such as hepatitis, papilloma viruses, and AIDS. A preferred lubricant formulation comprises water, a thickening or suspending agent, a lubricating agent, and a suitable zinc salt. Salts which have been tested and shown to be non-irritating during sexual intercourse include zinc acetate, zinc propionate, and zinc gluconate. Other zinc salts have also been identified which are soluble in water and have low pK values, which indicates a high rate of zinc ion release.

Abstract: A composition having antiviral and antibacterial effects is disclosed which comprises the dimeric forms of enzymes selected from the group consisting of lysozyme and ribonuclease and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. These dimeric forms are more effective in treating a variety of human and animal diseases because they are much less cytotoxic than the monomeric forms of the enzyme. A method for the use of these compositions is also disclosed which comprises applying an effective amount of the composition to the infected area.

Abstract: Nucleosides compounds of Formula I: ##STR1## wherein B is a purine or a pyrimidine;X and X' are H;Y is H;Y' is OH, F or H;or Y' and X' together makes a bond;Z is ##STR2## where n is zero, one, two or three; or Y' and Z together form a cyclic phosphate ester; Z' is --CN, --CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 N.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 J,where J is a halogen atom;or Z' and Y' together are --CH.sub.2 O--; and pharmaceutically acceptable esters, ethers, amides, N-acyl moieties and salts thereof.

Abstract: A biologically active composition made up of core particles having diameters of less than about 1000 nanometers which are coated with a layer which is designed to allow attachment of biologically active proteins, peptides or pharmacological agents to the microparticles. When viral protein is attached to the core particles, the result is a viral decoy which accurately mimics the native virus in both size and structure while being entirely devoid of virulent activity due to the microparticle core. Other antigenic proteins or peptides are attached to provide molecules which are useful in raising antibodies or as a diagnostic tool. Further, pharmacological agents are attached to the microparticles to provide pharmaceutical compositions. The viral decoys are useful as vaccines for treating animals to elicit an immune response.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors and new combinations comprising an antiviral compound, such as acyclovir, and a thiocarbonohydrazone ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor for the chemotherapeutic treatment of virus infections, espectially viruses of the herpes group.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are cyclic peptide derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is absent or the tripeptide radical Thr.rarw.Gly.rarw.Ala, R.sup.1 is benzyl or benzyl monosubstituted at position 4 of the aromatic ring with halo, hydroxy, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 each independently is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.3 is lower alkyl or lower alkyl monosubstituted with a hydroxy, R.sup.5 is lower alkyl, Y is oxo or thioxo and Z is hydroxy or NR.sup.6 R.sup.7 wherein R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 each independently is hydrogen or lower alkyl. The derivatives are useful for treating herpes infections.

Abstract: Stable, catalytic efficient ribozymes useful, inter alia, to cleave HIV-I RNA or any other viral or endogenous cellular RNA, in vitro and in vivo, cells transformed with such ribozymes and the use of such ribozymes and cells for anti-AIDs therapy are disclosed.

Abstract: The antiviral activity of 5-fluoro-uracil, 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine and similar thymilydate synthetase inhibitors towards herpes viruses can be potentiated dramatically by combining these compounds with compounds having viral thymidine kinase inhibiting activity.

Abstract: Antiviral purine nucleosides, purine nucleoside analogs and prodrugs of both are provided. Also provided are methods of enhancing the antiviral activity of AZT by administering AZT in combination with such purine compounds.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of benanomicins A and B and their salts are now provided, which are useful to inhibit the infection of human T-cells with HIV, namely a virus causative of acquired human immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Thus, benanomicins A and B as well as their salts are useful as antiviral agent against HIV.

Abstract: Treatment of AIDS or humans carrying or infected with the AIDS virus or having antibodies to the AIDS virus is disclosed using the compound 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable basic salt thereof. Also disclosed is the use of the 5'-mono-, di- and triphosphate of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable basic salt thereof for the same purpose. Additionally, there is disclosed the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and the synergistic activity in the treatment of humans infected with HTLV-III of AZT and interferon as well as AZT and acyclovir.

Abstract: 2-Adamantyl- and 1-adamantyl-D/L-glycyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine and their derivatives of the formulae ##STR1## wherein R stands for a hydrogen atom or a MurNAc group, and hydrochlorides thereof,a process for the preparation thereof and their use to obtain pharmaceuticals, which are particularly indicated for the treatment of viral diseases and tumors and/or immunomodulations in humans and animals.

Abstract: The use of mismatched dsRNA, e.g., AMPLIGEN.RTM. for the manufacture of compositions for use in the selective activation of a latent natural defense system within human cells, both cells already infected with AIDS virus as well as cells at risk to infection. Specific treatments for various clinical phase of the biological continuum of AIDS virus-related events ranging from subtle, early immunological lesions to advanced disease are described. Prophylaxis or prevention of AIDS virus related events, such as by introduction of mismatched double-stranded RNA into various blood products or biological fluids to be used in man (e.g., blood transfusion) or around man (e.g., dialysis programs) are also described.

Abstract: A method for treating a subject infected with the AIDS retrovirus without substantial neuropathy by administering 2',3'-dideoxycytidine to the subject at a dose of from 0.001 to 0.05 milligram per kilogram per day.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition and a method of inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is disclosed which comprises administering to an HIV infected patient a synergistic combination of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and N-butyl deoxynojirimycin (N-butyl DNJ) in an amount which achieves antiviral efficacy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of selectively inhibiting herpes simplex virus-specified thymidine kinase. The method comprises exposing mammalian cells infected with the virus to an effective amount of 5'-ethynylthymidine. The invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 5'-ethynylthymidine as the active ingredient together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Very potent, stable, ordorless, and phenol-free virciudal solutions are active at high dilution when used for surface decontamination of animate and inanimate objects. The virucidal compositions described are efficacious in a matter of minutes against both the lipophilic and the more resistant hydrophilic viruses. The three active ingredients in these virucidal compositions are the glutaraldehyde monomer in equilibrium with its hydrates and polymers, hydrogen-bonded glycol molecules to eliminate aldehydes odor, and an anionic surfactant of the alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfonate, alcohol sulfate or alkyl aryl sulfonate type. A preferred anionic surfactant would be the Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), which exhibits strong cidal synergism against the Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 when mixed at a concentration as low as 0.0005% in diluted glutaraldehyde aqueous solutions (0.0025%). Improved virucidal killing at higher dilutions of the same formula were observed with the more resistant Coxsackie B viruses.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## are useful as anti-cancer, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-coronary agents, anti-aging agents, anti-hypolipidemic agents and anti-autoimmune agents.

Abstract: Water-soluble plant extracts, and fractions separated from such extracts by chromatography, which provide an antioxidant effect when applied to the skin, are utilized in a method of treating virus skin infections and resultant skin conditions, e.g. warts. Preferred plants are Trifolium, Medicago, Nicotiana, Zea, Pennisetum, Algae and Allium, and members of the order Chenopodiales such as the families Chenopodiaceae and Aizoaceae.

Abstract: Anti-HIV agent containing as active components alkaline water extracts of pine cone and method for producing high molecular weight substance having anti-HIV activity.