Abstract: An intermediate floor for a floor that is built up from elements laid on the intermediate floor, butting together with their edges. The intermediate floor includes an intermediate floor layer including an elastic and/or resilient material. The intermediate floor layer is bonded to an adhesive layer on one side for bonding the elements thereto, which adhesive layer is provided with a protective layer, such as a release sheet, which is detachable so that the elements can be bonded to the adhesive layer. A method for producing an intermediate floor and to the use of an intermediate floor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a force-applying element including a tensioning anchor for anchoring a tape-shaped material to a support structure. The tape-shaped material is pretensioned by means of the tensioning anchor. An extension element is disposed in the transition area between the tensioning anchor and the tape-shaped material following the tensioning process. The extension element is effectively connected to the tape-shaped material and the tensioning anchor.

Abstract: Low rise, user friendly latex foams for sealing insulative cavities of a building are provided. The foams may be applied to the interface of the sheathing and the studs within the insulative cavities to reduce air leaks. The latex foams may also be applied to the face of the studs to obtain an additional seal against air infiltration. The foam can be used to affix fiberglass batts, batt flanges, and vapor barriers to the framing without mechanical fasteners. A tackifier may be added to impart an adhesive quality to the foam. The tacky nature of the foam permits the drywall or vapor barrier to be repositioned without damage. Drywall is held onto the face of the studs by the tacky foam while mechanical fasteners are inserted to permanently affix the drywall to the framing. The compressive nature of the foam permits drywall to be attached without significant bowing or detachment.

Abstract: A roof mounting system and method for mounting an array of discrete modules such as a plurality of photovoltaic panels to a roof comprising a plurality of support rails configured to cooperative support the plurality of photovoltaic modules securely adhered to the roof with a spray polyurethane foam covered by a protective coating of elastomeric material.

Abstract: A gusset connection that allows greater relative movement between connected structural members and simplifies erection in the field. The gusset connection can be a first gusset portion moveably or fixedly connected to a vertical column and a second gusset connection moveably or fixedly connected to a horizontal beam. A diagonal brace is moveably or fixedly connected to the gusset connection. The first and second gusset portions are not directly connected to each other to allow relative movement between the column, beam, and diagonal brace.

Abstract: An apparatus for a formwork assembly comprises a plurality of elongated panels connectable to one another in edge-adjacent relationship. The plurality of panels comprise first and second edge-adjacent panels connectable to one another at a connection between a male connector component of the first panel and a female connector component of the second panel. The female connector component comprises a female engagement portion which defines a principal receptacle and the male connector component comprises a male engagement portion which is received in the principal receptacle to form the connection. The female connector component comprises a first abutment portion and the male connector component comprising a second abutment portion which abuts against the first abutment portion to form the connection. The first and second abutment portions are located outside of the principal receptacle.

Abstract: A thermal clip attachment apparatus and methods for using the thermal clip attachment with a masonry veneer anchor system are disclosed. The thermal clip attachment may be a composite piece that attaches to the part of a stud that protrudes from an inner structural supportive wall after the stud is advanced into the wall. The thermal clip attachment serves as a thermal break between the stud and an outer masonry veneer wall. Further, the thermal clip attachment also serves as an attachment point for a wire tie, which allows a positive lateral load connection to be established between the outer masonry veneer wall and the inner structural supportive wall.

Abstract: A transition strip is used to install, replace, and repair a floor panel in a floating floor system in accordance with the invention. The transition strip may be a film or tape that may comprise plastic, vinyl, polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyolefin, or nylon.

Abstract: A socket-projection fixing assembly for a horizontal wet joint (3) between two cylindrical concrete sections (2.2?) for a wind turbine tower, which comprises socket-projection fixing device with an active internal reinforcement (8) and a socket-projection fixing device with a passive internal reinforcement (7) so that said reinforcements each include an embedded portion which is embedded in a first section of said cylindrical sections and a projecting portion which projects from said first section and is housed in a duct (9, 10) in a second section of said cylindrical sections. Said active internal reinforcement includes tightening means (14, 16) which are arranged in said projecting portion of said active internal reinforcement and against a supporting surface (15) of one of said cylindrical sections, and said passive internal reinforcement includes cured material (12) which is arranged around said projecting portion o said passive internal reinforcement (7) and adheres to the interior of said duct (10).

Abstract: A crossbeam comprising an upper chord, a lower chord, and a plurality of webs. The upper chord is linear and disposed along an upper chord axis and comprises a plurality of suspension points arranged at intervals. The lower chord is disposed along a lower chord axis adjacently at a distance from the upper chord. The lower chord axis is in alignment with the upper chord axis. The webs connect the upper chord and the lower chord by welded constructions and are each disposed along a respective web axis that intersects the upper chord axis and the lower chord axis. The crossbeam also comprises a connection element disposed on the upper chord at each suspension point.

Abstract: An anchoring assembly for anchoring a liner of a cured lining material applied in liquid form to metal objects, comprising a fixing device welded or soldered to a metal object, the fixing device comprising a weld element and a fixing element provided with a through hole, and an anchoring element configured to be passed through the through hole of the fixing device, wherein the weld element comprises a weld or solder stud.

Abstract: A take-up fastener is disclosed for fastening a level in a frame construction to the level below so as to resist upward forces generated by wind and other sources on the framed construction. The take-up fastener in general includes a take-up plate, or washer, fastened to a portion of the upper level and a take-up screw fit through the take-up plate and fastened to the adjacent level below. Once the take-up fastener is fully assembled, the take-up plate includes a pair of tabs which are capable of engaging threads on a take-up screw in a way that allows one-way motion of the take-up screw relative to the take-up plate. In particular, the take-up plate can move downward relative to the take-up screw, for example on constricting of the wooden members to which the take-up plate is affixed. However, the engagement between the take-up plate and take-up screw prevents movement of the take-up plate upward with respect to the take-up screw, for example upon an upward load due to wind or other external force.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of foam backing panels for use with lap siding and configured for mounting on a building. Also disclosed are lap siding assemblies and products of lap sidings. One such embodiment of the foam backing panel comprises a rear face configured to contact the building, a front face configured for attachment to the lap siding, alignment means for aligning the lap siding relative to the building, means for providing a shadow line, opposing vertical side faces, a top face extending between a top edge of the front face and rear face and a bottom face extending between a bottom edge of the front face and rear face. At least one of the faces includes a pre-installed adhesive for joining adjacent panels together.

Abstract: Surface laying unit (100) for laying with other surface laying units (100) on an underlying surface (300), wherein the surface laying unit (100) has a useful layer (102) and a connecting structure (104) which is provided directly on an underside of the useful layer (102) and which is designed for connecting to the underlying surface (300).

Abstract: A concrete anchor point system provides for an anchor point, a receptacle for embedding into a concrete structure for removably receiving the anchor point, and a tool for remotely installing the anchor point in the structure, or removing the anchor point from the structure. The receptacle is preferably tapered, and an anchoring end of the anchor point is preferably tapered to match.

Abstract: A bracket system including a bracket for use with a deck or boardwalk system. The bracket has an upper portion and a lower portion at least partially spaced away from the upper portion. The bracket is configured to receive a portion of the deck or boardwalk system between said upper and lower portions. The bracket further includes a fastener extending between the upper and lower portions and configured to urge the upper and lower portions toward each other to thereby press against the portion of the deck or boardwalk system therebetween to secure the bracket to the portion of the deck or boardwalk system.

Abstract: An anchor for securing a threaded rod to a concrete structural element has a generally tapered conical or spherical body element configured to be seated within the concrete structural element. The anchor further includes a threaded bore extending through the body element. The threaded bore engages the threads of the rod in order to secure the rod to the concrete structural element. The body element has a generally planar top face having a top face diameter, as well as a generally planar bottom face having a bottom face diameter. Formed between the top face and the bottom face is a side wall such that the body element is formed with a taper. The taper is inserted into a complementary recess formed within the concrete structural element.

Abstract: A wall jamb for a showering enclosure includes a plurality of legs configured to receive the shower door panel therebetween, a base connecting the plurality of legs such that the wall jamb is generally U-shaped, and a pressure sensitive adhesive disposed at an exterior surface of the base. The pressure sensitive adhesive is configured to adhere to a wall of the showering enclosure. The plurality of legs and the base are formed of a resilient material.

Abstract: A shear stud including a plate section adapted for connection to a structural support element and one or more shaft sections that project from the plate section, the one or more shaft sections adapted to hold concrete in place relative to the structural support element and resist shear loading.

Abstract: Anti-theft protection systems and methods for portable devices, such as portable electronic devices, that are unattended during use. The anti-theft protection systems and methods use a combination of measures including mechanical aspects, such as tethering the device to an object that is difficult to move, and electronic aspects that detect unauthorized movement and or alarm the user or other responsible party if unauthorized movement occurs.

Abstract: An arbitrary structural insulated panel and an adjoining structural insulated panel, which include magnesium oxide boards as the exterior panels, can be connected together by a first spline and a second spline. The arbitrary structural insulated panel is first connected to a building floor foundation. Then the first spline and the second spline are adhered into the arbitrary structural insulated panel. The adjoining structural insulated panel is then secured to the arbitrary structural insulated panel as the first spline and the second spline engage with the adjoining structural insulated panel. A plurality of fasteners is used as the final step to further secure the arbitrary structural insulated panel and the adjoining structural insulated panel.

Abstract: An interlocking panel system for top-down installation on an underlying structure including a plurality of panels, with an uphill course and a downhill course where each panel is generally rectangular, having an uphill edge and opposing downhill edge. An interlocking member is disposed along the uphill edge, and a receiving member adapted to receive the interlocking member and a joining flange are disposed along the downhill edge. A panel of the uphill course is affixed to an underlying structure via fasteners through the joining flange. The interlocking member of a panel of the downhill course is insertable into the receiving member of the uphill course, and the position of the panel of the downhill course is adjustable within the span of the receiving member.

Abstract: A mounting adapter for attaching an object to a mounting surface such as a flat roof includes a planar anchor plate having first apertures and second apertures extending therethrough. The first apertures receive an elongated fastener having a length sufficient to fasten the anchor plate over and to a support structure positioned beneath the mounting surface. A cover plate includes third apertures aligned with the second apertures and at least one fourth aperture. The cover plate extends over the first apertures and a second fastener extends through each third aperture and engages with a corresponding second aperture to secure the cover plate over the anchor plate. At least one third fastener interfaces with the at least one fourth aperture for attaching the object to the adapter such that load forces from the object are transferred directly to the support structure beneath the mounting surface through each elongated fastener.

Abstract: A fastener for securing rebar rods that is a generally planar, elongated main body selectively deformed into a closed loop. The fastener can also include a head end integrally formed with the main body having a buckle and an opening. A tail end depends from the main body that has a plurality of substantially flat, spaced-apart, and staggered engaging members, or barbs. The rods are secured by folding the tail end around the rods and inserting the tail end into the opening of the buckle and twisting the tail end so that a barb engages an edge of the buckle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method with which cabling can be arranged invisibly in an indoor space in rapid and simple manner. This method comprises the steps of placing a non-load-bearing partition wall which has a cavity and which is provided on its underside with a recess which extends over the whole length thereof and which is at least partially open on its upper side and communicates with the cavity, and placing the laid cabling laterally into the recess. The method further comprises of arranging at least one take-off point in the partition wall, leading a take-off cable from the take-off point through the cavity in the partition wall to the recess, and connecting the take-off cable to the cabling in the recess. In the case of walls provided with studs or other connecting elements, these can, at the position of the recess, be replaced by or strengthened with strengthening elements leaving the recess at least partially clear. Different embodiments of these strengthening elements can be applied.

Abstract: A method of anchoring a joining element to a hollow core board with the aid of mechanical vibration. The hollow core board has a first and second outer layers and a middle layer disposed between the outer layers. An opening, including a mouth, is provided in the hollow core board, the opening penetrating the first outer layer and the middle layer. The joining element includes a wall anchoring portion situated between a proximal end and a distal end thereof. A distal end of the wall anchoring portion is positioned into or onto the mouth with a sealing portion on a proximal end of the wall anchoring portion. The wall anchoring portion is forced through the mouth by applying mechanical vibration and a force parallel to the joining element axis, whereby thermoplastic material of the wall anchoring portion is liquefied and pressed into the first outer layer.

Abstract: A method and assembly for anchoring a segment of rebar and a plate to a mass. The assembly includes a barrel extending about and along an axis and defining a bore extending therethrough along the axis with the bore being tapered. A wedge having a frustoconical shape extends about and along the axis. The wedge is tapered in conformity with the bore of the barrel for being received by the barrel. A cap is connected to the barrel for closing the barrel. The method includes the step threadedly tightening the cap about the barrel in axial abutment to close the barrel, and further the step of compressing the wedge axially into the bore of the barrel to drive the wedge radially inwardly to provide for a biasing force of the wedge against the rebar prior to said step of threadedly tightening the cap about the barrel.

Abstract: A modular building unit includes a top member, a bottom member, a plurality of wall members and at least one door member. The at least one door member and the wall members include a plurality of uniform-sized panel members. First attachment members are provided to reinforce openings in the unit. Second attachment members are provided on the uniform-sized panel members. The uniform-sized panel member are mounted in the openings and interconnected.

Abstract: A flange connection system for a concrete structure comprising a plurality of adjacent precast concrete members including a platform having a center panel and a first and second flange extending outward from the center panel in opposing directions. The system includes a first and second bent plate each having a horizontal member attached to the bottom surface of the adjacent flanges and a vertical member perpendicular to the horizontal member. The system includes a spacer plate extending in a vertical direction from about a lower edge of the first vertical member to below the first horizontal member and secured between the vertical members of the first and second bent plate with a plurality of fasteners. The first and second vertical member may flex at an upper portion allowing adjacent flange ends to move relative to one another.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holder for a wall tie (100) designed to receive and hold a wall tie (400). The holder is provided with a first open-ended slot (208) and with a second open-ended slot. The first open-ended slot has a first open end and the second open-ended slot has a second open end. The first open-end and the second open-end are oriented in different directions. The holder according to the present invention allows quick and easy introduction of a wall tie in the holder. The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a holder for a wall tie and a wall tie and to a wall tie. Furthermore the invention relates to a method to install a wall tie in a holder for a wall tie.

Abstract: A building system comprising: a building panel comprising first and second outer sheet members, an inner sheet member disposed between the first and second outer sheet members, and solid insulating material disposed between the first and second outer sheet members and the inner sheet member; a first track member, the first track member and the building panel being arranged such that the panel is engagable along a first side with the first track member and the first track member is connectable to the first and second outer sheet members; a second track member, the second track member and the building panel being arranged such that the panel is engagable along a second side with the second track member and the second track member is connectable to the first and second outer sheet members and the inner sheet member.

Abstract: Implementations of the present invention provide systems, methods, and apparatus for securing trim to interior and/or exterior walls and wall portions. In particular, at least one implementation includes a system for connecting and securing trim elements without additional adjustments and/or fitting thereof. Moreover, the system for connecting and securing trim elements can improve accuracy and increase the speed of assembly, thereby reducing time and expense associated with installing trim to a building.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates, in some embodiments, to systems, articles, materials, and methods for roofing a structure including, for example, hybrid shingles comprising a first material and a second material. A hybrid shingle may comprise, in some embodiments, a first layer comprising a metallic substrate or a polymeric substrate and at least partially defining a headlap region of the shingle, a buttlap region of the shingle comprising one or more tabs interspersed with inter-tab openings, an outward-facing surface of the first layer, and a substrate-facing surface of the first layer; and a second layer comprising a base and asphalt, having a smaller area than the first layer, and at least partially defining a buttlap region of the shingle, wherein the second layer is fixed to the substrate-facing surface of the first layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to building materials, in particular to attachment of siding boards, such as composite boards, or fiber cement boards on building siding. A clip to securely attach the boards is disclosed. The clip may be used with our without a shaped foam insulation board. A method to use the clip is also disclosed. Various embodiments of the clip are provided.

Abstract: A bridge system is provided that utilizes foundation structures that are formed of the combination of precast and cast-in-place concrete. A method of constructing the combination precast and cast-in-place concrete foundation structures involves receiving at a construction site a precast concrete foundation unit having elongated upright wall members that define a channel therebetween, and multiple upright supports located within the channel; placing the precast concrete foundation unit at a desired use location; delivering concrete into the channel while the precast concrete foundation unit remains at the desired use location; and allowing the concrete to cure-in-place such that the elongated upright wall members are connected to the cured-in-place concrete by reinforcement embedded within both the cured-in-place concrete and the upright wall members. The bridge units may be placed before the pouring step to embed the bottoms of the bridge units in the cast-in-place concrete.

Abstract: A convertible anchor comprises a fixture for holding an article to a friable wall and an anchoring mechanism extending from the fixture and adapted when rotated to engagingly extend into the wall for securing the fixture thereto. The fixture is selectively separable via frangible connection elements from the anchoring mechanism for allowing the fixture to be used alone with an appropriate fastener suitable for installing the fixture to a rigid structure, such as wooden components. The frangible elements are typically provided between the fixture and a proximal end of the anchoring mechanism. The nature of the vertical support to which the anchor is to be mounted is thus first determined and then, for a friable wall, the anchor is installed thereto using the anchoring mechanism or, for a more solid support the fixture is separated from the anchoring mechanism and installed to the solid support via an appropriate fastener.

Abstract: A flush-mount wall plate system for mounting in a building surface includes a wall flange extrusion assembly with a mounting flange portion and an extrusion member portion. The extrusion member portion has a frame defining an aperture, with a front edge of the frame extending away from a front surface of the mounting flange portion by a pre-determined distance. A cover is inserted into the aperture with a front surface of the cover being substantially co-planar with the front edge of the extrusion member portion and the building surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method with which cabling can be arranged invisibly in an indoor space in rapid and simple manner. This method comprises the steps of placing a non-load-bearing partition wall which has a cavity and which is provided on its underside with a recess which extends over the whole length thereof and which is at least partially open on its upper side and communicates with the cavity, and placing the laid cabling laterally into the recess. The method further comprises of arranging at least one take-off point in the partition wall, leading a take-off cable from the take-off point through the cavity in the partition wall to the recess, and connecting the take-off cable to the cabling in the recess. In the case of walls provided with studs or other connecting elements, these can, at the position of the recess, be replaced by or strengthened with strengthening elements leaving the recess at least partially clear. Different embodiments of these strengthening elements can be applied.

Abstract: An anchoring device including an anchoring element suitable for being anchored an object of construction material with the aid of mechanical vibrations. The anchoring element includes a thermoplastic material and a tool. The thermoplastic material forms at least a part of a radially outer surface of the anchoring element, and the tool has a proximal portion and a broadening portion distally of the proximal portion. The broadening portion has an outer second cross-section, the second cross section being larger than the first cross section but being adapted to the first cross section so that the tool can be moved with respect to the anchoring element while the broadening portion is in the axially-extending opening and locally expands the anchoring element while thermoplastic material of the anchoring element that surrounds the broadening portion is in a solid state.

Abstract: A window frame system having a window frame and cavity frame formed to frictionally fit within the window frame. An opening is cut in a wall based on measurements of the cavity frame, and the ends of the cavity frame are trimmed based upon the opening cut in the wall. Jack screws are inserted through holes in the window frame to center and level the system by pushing the cavity frame away from the window frame to engage the edges of the opening.

Abstract: Panel assemblies for movable partitions include a panel and a protective clip covering at least a portion of a bottom surface of the panel. The panel includes channels defined between lateral edge portions and a back side surface of the panel. Tabs of the protective clip are positioned within corresponding channels. Movable partitions include at least one panel and at least one protective clip, which is assembled with the at least one panel and is coupled to a back side surface of the at least one panel. Tabs of the back portion of the at least one protective clip are inserted at least partially within two opposing channels of the at least one panel. Methods of attaching a protective clip to a panel of a movable partition include positioning tabs extending from longitudinal ends of the back portion of the protective clip within channels of the panel.

Abstract: A reinforcement system for concrete structures, comprising a first set of reinforcement elements configured to be connected to and co-functioning with a second set of reinforcement elements, each of said first and second set of reinforcement elements comprises each a number of more or less uniformly shaped units, intended to be tied together' the first and/or second set of reinforcement elements being made of basalt or carbon fibers, embedded in a suitable matrix. At least the units forming said first set of reinforcement elements are delivered to the construction site in a flat packed, compact state, each unit of said first reinforcement elements being configured to be stretched out into longer lengths when placed in situ and preferably being interconnected to at least several of the other units of said first reinforcement elements by means of at least one flexible or foldable, more or less continuous band.

Abstract: This invention relates to safety anchors for roof workers and in particular to a gutter ladder anchor, a ridge anchor, a rafter anchor, and a truss anchor. In a one aspect the invention is a gutter ladder anchor formed from a metal plate, and comprising a flat base, having left, right, rear, and front ends; a fold at the front end of the base; one or more legs extending from the fold; a flange at the end of each leg, folded upwards; one or more holes located in each leg for mounting a vertical eye or a ladder location attachment; a first pattern of spaced apart holes through the base for fixing the anchor to a batten or purlin, said first pattern extending from the left end to the right end; and one or more holes through the flange of each leg for fixing the anchor to a gutter.

Abstract: Described is a method for making façades of buildings, comprising the following operations: fixing on an external wall (6) of a building a plurality of support elements (2), each projecting from the wall (6) and equipped with an insulating sleeve (4); applying and bonding to the wall (6) a plurality of insulating panels (15) made of expanded polystyrene, letting terminal ends (14) of the support elements (2), each surrounded by the respective insulating sleeve (4), protrude beyond the insulating panels (15); putting on the insulating sleeves (4) a plurality of bearing panels (16) made of fibre cement; applying and bonding the bearing panels (16) on the insulating panels (15); constraining a plurality of discrete finishing elements (23), such as stone slabs or tiles, to the bearing panels (16).

Abstract: A wall or roof covering for mounting to a support surface, comprising: a plurality of panels securable to the support surface, each of the panels having a front surface comprising a covering section with simulated building elements, an opposed rear surface facing the support surface when secured thereto, a first marginal edge region and an opposed second marginal edge region, the first marginal edge region having an elongated receiving groove with an elongated aperture oriented one of substantially upwardly and substantially downwardly, the second marginal edge region being at least partially insertable in the first elongated receiving groove of a vertically-adjacent panel and being at least partially covered by a first section of the covering section of the vertically-adjacent panel when inserted therein.

Abstract: A spacer comprising: a) a wall insert weather sealing cup portion having a peripheral sidewall, and a bottom sidewall which seats on a structural frame of the building; and, b) a structurally reinforced bend prevention bolt spacing sleeve portion mated to fit within the cup portion, the sleeve portion having an central axial bolt opening therethrough. After an exterior side of the structural frame of the building is sheathed the sealing cup portion can be directly attached to the structural frame of the building through a hole drilled through a wall sheathing. When the sheathed wall is finished the cup portion can be sealed in the finish thereby preventing moisture from penetrating through the wall at the enlarged hole; and, when the addition is screwed to the existing building's frame, a substantial bending moment on the screws can be sustained by the structurally reinforced bend prevention bolt spacing sleeve portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for mounting modular panels in elevators cabs and on building walls with a plurality of side assemblies including frame member for supporting modular panel and for wall mounting the panels. Devices and method are disclosed for alignment of multiple panels fitted to a wall.

Abstract: A building construction has a foundation, walls and a roof structure, the walls being wrapped by a reinforcement fabric, with the reinforcement fabric being connected to the foundation and the roof structure to tie the roof structure to the foundation for increased resistance to natural disasters. The connection of the reinforcement fabric to the roof structure includes a top rail having a connector plate attached to the roof structure and having an upwardly oriented opening, and a wrapping member about which the reinforcement fabric can be wrapped, the wrapping member having a geometry corresponding with the geometry of the upwardly oriented opening in such a manner that the wrapping member is prevented from rotating in the opening.

Abstract: A corner assembly for siding and roofing coverings includes two complementary corner molding members, each one of the two corner molding members having a front wall including a covering section with simulated building elements on an outer face thereof. Each one of the two corner molding members further has at least one protruding finger and at least one recess. The at least one protruding finger and at least one recess are configured in an alternate configuration in order to interlock in a male-female configuration when the two complementary corner molding members are engaged with one another to define a corner. A method covers a length of a corner defined at a junction of a first support surface and a second support surface.

Abstract: In one aspect, a system is disclosed including a plurality of modules configured for attachment to a mounting surface. A first module includes a panel and a plurality of structural elements extending from an interior surface of the panel. The panel has a decorative major surface disposed opposite the interior surface and comprises a plurality of edges that form a closed shape. At least some of the plurality of structural elements are positioned proximate the plurality of edges. An attachment surface of the plurality of structural elements is positioned opposite the interior surface, and the attachment surface is configured to abut the mounting surface or to abut an attachment surface of another module for attachment thereto. A method of modifying a mounting surface of a room includes attaching a first module to the mounting surface. In another aspect, a method of creating a room partition is disclosed.