Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture of specified amounts of a) a polyether polyol having a hydroxyl functionality of from 4 to 8 and having a hydroxyl number of from about 300 to about 450, b) a polyether polyol having a hydroxyl functionality of from 4 to 8 and having a hydroxyl number of from about 50 to about 200, and wherein at least 75% of the hydroxyl groups are primary hydroxyl groups, c) an adduct of a mono-, di-, or trialkanolamine and propylene oxide, said adduct having a hydroxyl number of from about 100 to about 800, and d) a polyoxyalkylene polyamine having a molecular weight of from about 2000 to about 5000, and containing from 2 to 3 primary amino groups. The invention is also directed to water-blown, energy absorbing foams made from the isocyanate reactive mixture.

Abstract: A tertiary aminoalcohol having a tert-amino group(s) in the main chain and hydroxyl groups at the terminals. The use of this compound for purposes different from that of ordinary amines and amine derivatives is expected.A process for producing the tertiary aminoalcohol wherein a catalyst comprising copper, a transition metal element of the fourth period and a platinum group element of the group VIII, and further optionally containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is used.A process for producing polyurethane using the above-mentioned tertiary aminoalcohol which can solve the problems occurring in the production of a polyurethane using a tertiary amine which has a strong irritating odor and is highly irritant to the skin as a catalyst, for example, deteriorations of working atmosphere and sales appeal of the polyurethane.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture and the flexible polyurethane foam produced therefrom. The reactive mixture contains specific filled polyols, water, a catalyst for the reaction between an isocyanate group and a hydroxyl group, and a specific N-hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt. The isocyanate used is toluene diisocyanate.

Abstract: This invention relates to a foam, a foam-resin composite and a method of making foam-resin composites. The foam set forth in this invention comprises a urethane modified polyisocyanurate derived from an aromatic amino polyol and a polyether polyol. In addition to the polyisocyanurate foam, the composite of this invention further contains a resin layer, wherein the resin may be epoxy, bismaleimide, or phenolic resin. Such resins generally require cure or post-cure temperatures of at least 350.degree. F.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyurethanes with softening temperatures above 80.degree. C. which are NCO-free, which are reactive via masked isocyanates, which are essentially linear and extensively pre-lengthened, and their preparation. The polyurethanes can be used as powders which can be processed like thermoplastics and post-cured.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of substantially closed-cell rigid foams containing urethane, urea, biuret, and isocyanurate groups comprising reacting, at an index of greater than 110, organic polyisocyanates with relatively high molecular weight polyots consisting of mixtures of (i) polyesters containing at least two hydroxyl groups and having an OH value of greater than 150 and/or polyethers containing at least two hydroxyl groups and having an OH value of greater than 200, and (ii) polyoxyalkylene polyethers containing ethylene oxide residues and least two hydroxyl groups and having an OH value of less than 100, in the presence of isocyanate trimerization catalysts and water as blowing agent. The foams of the invention can optionally be prepared optionally, in the further presence chain-extending and/or crosslinking agents and auxiliaries. and/or additives.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of stable dispersions of hydroxyl-containing polyhydrazodicarbonamides in a hydroxyl-containing compound. The dispersions are prepared by the reaction of organic isocyanates, isocyanate-reactive compounds having a molecular weight in the range from 400 to 10,000, relatively low molecular weight isocyanate-reactive compounds, and hydrazines or hydrazides. This invention further relates to the dispersions prepared by said process, the use of the dispersions to prepare polyurethane foams having exceptional hardness, and the foams prepared thereby.

Abstract: Substantially closed cell rigid polyurethane foam cores of laminates are disclosed which are scorch-free, have a density of 50 kg/m.sup.3 and are made using water as the sole or main blowing agent and without the need to use a CFC. The foams are prepared from polyol compositions comprising the product of alkoxylating an initiator having a functionality of more than 2, at least one aromatic ring and at least one amino nitrogen atom. The initiator is preferably a Mannich condensate of a phenolic compound, formaldehyde and ammonia or an alkanolamine and the polyol is preferably used together with a second polyol having a functionality (or average functionality) of at least 1 but less than 3 and a molecular weight M.sub.w (or average molecular weight) of 250 to 4000.

Abstract: A tertiary aminoalcohol having a tert-amino group(s) in the main chain and hydroxyl groups at the terminals. The use of this compound for purposes different from that of ordinary amines and amine derivatives is expected.A process for producing the tertiary aminoalcohol wherein a catalyst comprising copper, a transition metal element of the fourth period and a platinum group element of the group VIII, and further optionally containing an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal is used.A process for producing polyurethane using the above-mentioned tertiary aminoalcohol which can solve the problems occurring in the production of a polyurethane using a tertiary amine which has a strong irritating odor and is highly irritant to the skin as a catalyst, for example, deteriorations of working atmosphere and sales appeal of the polyurethane.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polyurethane/polyurea flexible foam which comprises reacting:A. an organic prepolymer-containing polyisocyanate composition of NCO content of from 2 to 15% by weight;B. an isocyanate reactive component in which the isocyanate-reactive species comprises at least 40% by weight of water and at least one chain extender of molecular weight below 1000 which is selected from those having at least two amine groups of which at least one is directly attached to a cyclic hydrocarbon residue and from diamino polyols.

Abstract: This invention is a molded flexible polyurethane foam containing acid-modified polyoxypropyleneamine comprising a polyol, a polyisocyanate, water, and a crosslinker/catalyst of the formulae: ##STR1## where R' is an alkylene radical having from about 2 to 4 carbon atoms, R" is H or OH and R is H or from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms wherein said compound is present in an amount ranging from about 0.05 to 2.00 weight percent based on the combined weight of the polyol and polyisocyanate and wherein the sole blowing agent is CO.sub.2 resulting from the reaction of the water and the isocyanate or wherein auxiliary blowing agents may also be included and are selected from the group consisting of halogenated low-boiling hydrocarbons (e.g. trichloromono-fluoromethane and dichloromethane), carbon dioxide, and nitrogen or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Processes for producing a polyurethane, a rigid polyurethane foam, a flexible polyurethane foam and a spray type rigid polyurethane foam are disclosed. In these processes, a specified tertiary aminoalcohol is used as a polyol component and a catalyst.

Abstract: A polymer-modified polyol dispersion comprises a polyaddition product dispersed in a polyol. The polyaddition product is present in an amount of from about 25 to about 70 percent by weight based on the total weight of the polyaddition product and the polyol. The dispersion has a viscosity in the range of from about 4,000 to about 50,000 mPa.s, the viscosity remaining substantially the same after production of the dispersion. A process for producing the polymer-modified polyol dispersion is also disclosed together with a process for using the dispersion to produce a polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A method for preparation of rigid foam disclosed The method comprises mixing at least two components to form a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture comprises isocyanate, up to about 20% by weight CHClF.sub.2, up to about 2% by weight of water, and a combination of polyols having an overage OH number of from about 300 to about 500 and comprising polyalkoxylated glycerin having an OH number of from about 200 to about 300 and in which the alkoxy groups each have from two to about three carbon atoms. Related methods and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to rigid integral skin polyurethane structural foam having high impact strength, high heat distortion, and flame retardant properties. The foam is prepared from triisopropanolamine-initiated polyoxyalkylene (TIPA) polyether polyols oxyalkylated with a compound producing primary hydroxyl functional termination. The polyether polyol is advantageously of a molecular weight sufficient to enable TIPA to flow well while retaining its flame retardant characteristics in the foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low density, water-blown, rigid foams with good physical properties made with blends of toluenediamine (TDA)/glycerine initiated polyols. The foams made using these blends exhibit no initial surface friability. Further, it was found that specific blends of lower hydroxyl number polyols could be used, thereby reducing isocyanate consumption without affecting the physical properties of the foam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to low density, water-blown, rigid foams with good physical properties made with blends of toluenediamine (TDA)/glycerine initiated polyols. The foams made using these blends exhibit no initial surface friability. Further, it was found that specific blends of lower hydroxyl number polyols could be used, thereby reducing isocyanate consumption without affecting the physical properties of the foam.

Abstract: Polyoxyalkylene polyols initiated with melamine and coinitiated with toluene diamine and oxyalkylated with one or more alkylene oxides have relatively low viscosity and are suitable for preparing polyurethane foams.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture and the flexible polyurethane foam produced therefrom. The reactive mixture contains specific filled polyols, water, a catalyst for the reaction between an isocyanate group and a hydroxyl group, and a specific N-hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt. The isocyanate used is toluene diisocyanate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stabilized composition containing a polyol/melamine and an effective stabilizing amount of an amine terminated polyether.

Abstract: A polyurethane adhesive is prepared from a reaction mixture containing small amounts of chain extender material and a high equivalent weight of a polyol and a monoalcohol. An article adhered to a substrate using this adhesive is firmly affixed to the substrate, yet can be removed without leaving residual adhesive on the substrate. In addition, this adhesive can be washed and reused if desired.

Abstract: Processes for producing a polyurethane, a rigid polyurethane foam, a flexible polyurethane foam and a spray type rigid polyurethane foam are disclosed.In these processes, a specified tertiary aminoalcohol is used as a polyol component and a catalyst.

Abstract: Low molecular weight, polyoxyalkylene polyamine reacts with carbonyl compound making polyamine adduct used as chain extender in preparing tack-free, smooth polyurea elastomers, useful in solventless spray coatings.

Abstract: A rigid polyurethane foam obtained by foaming a special polyol component and an isocyanate component in the presence of a blowing agent comprising water and at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane and 2,2-dichloro-2-monofluoroethane possesses balanced excellent properties, has no surface void, and shows only slight expansion after molding. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a heat insulator, in particular, a heat insulator for refrigerators.

Abstract: A method for preparation of rigid foam disclosed. The method comprises mixing at least two components to form a reaction mixture. The reaction mixture comprises isocyanate, up to about 20% by weight CHClF.sub.2, up to about 2% by weight of water, and a combination of polyols having an average OH number of from about 300 to about 500 and comprising polyalkoxylated glycerin having an OH number of from about 200 to about 300 and in which the alkoxy groups each have from two to about three carbon atoms. Related methods and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Polyurea elastomers, made using low molecular weight polyoxyalkylene polyamines, like aminated, propoxylated .alpha.-methyl glucoside, as chain extenders for reactions of polyoxyalkylene polyamine with polyisocyanate, have improved spray and foam properties, including faster cure and foam stability.

Abstract: Novel polyurethane-urea foams having superior tear and tensile strengths, elongation and load-bearing are prepared by reacting an alkylthio-substituted aromatic diamine in a mixture of polyols with an aromatic diisocyanate or aromatic diisocyanate prepolymer or mixtures thereof, having free NCO content of 0.1-50% by weight. These foams have good dynamic properties that make them attractive as cushioning materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing highly elastic polyurethane flexible foams by the reaction of(a) polyisocyanates with(b) polyethers having a molecule weight of from 400 to 10,000 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms,in the presence of(c) water and(d) mixtures of crosslinking agents having a molecular weight of from 32 to 399 and containing at least two isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, wherein said mixtures contain(I) alkanolamines and(II) amine-free polyols,with the proviso that components (c) and (d) must be used together as an aqueous solution.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyurea or polyurethane/urea foams from a polyamine or aminated polyether polyol is provided. The process comprises reacting the above component with a polyisocyanate (e.g. TDI, MDI etc.), a blowing agent (e.g. water) and a carboxylic acid or carboxylate acid salt. The function of the carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid salt is to slow down the reaction between the amine and the isocyanate so that effective foaming can take place before the reaction is completed.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for producing a rigid foam by reacting an active hydrogen compound containing an active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and a polyisocyanate compound in the presence of a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and an assisting agent such as a catalyst.The active hydrogen compound containing in its molecular structure a group of a neutralized salt or an alkoxide and other active hydrogen compounds are preferably polyols, particularly polyether polyols respectively.The present invention has solved a problem of deterioration of the physical properties, which is problematic in a case where a rigid foam is produced by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having hydrogen atoms, and is capable of producing a rigid foam equivalent to a conventional rigid foam obtained by using a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent having no hydrogen atoms.

Abstract: Novel polyurethane-urea foams having superior tear and tensile strengths, elongation and load-bearing are prepared by reacting an alkylthio-substituted aromatic diamine in a mixture of polyols with an aromatic diisocyanate or aromatic diisocyanate prepolymer or mixtures thereof, having free NCO content of 0.1-50% by weight. These foams have good dynamic properties that make them attractive as cushioning materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polyether polyols having OH numbers of about 300 to 630 obtained by sequentially reacting 2,4- and/or 2,6-tolylenediamine or mixtures of 2,4-and/or 2,6-tolylenediamine and one or more other aromatic amines with from about 1 to 2.5 moles of ethylene oxide for each NH.sub.2 group, and then with from about 0.5 to 5 moles of propylene oxide for each NH.sub.2 group, wherein said polyether polyols contain secondary amino groups comprising from about 2 to 20% of the isocyanate-reactive groups in said polyols and a free aromatic amine content of less than about 0.2% by weight. The present invention further relates to a process for preparing the polyether polyols of the invention, as well as to a method of using the polyether polyols for the preparation of polyurethane plastics.

Abstract: An isocyanate-reactive composition comprising:(1) a first isocyanate-reactive compound having a functionality of from 2 to about 4 and an average equivalent weight of from about 750 to about 3000.(2) a second isocyanate-reactive compound which is normally immiscible with the first isocyanate-reactive compound and has a functionality of at least 2 and an average equivalent weight of at least 30, and(3) a miscibilizing amount of dispersed polyurethane and/or polyurea particles.

Abstract: A method producing a low-density flexible polyurethane foam comprising stirring a starting mixture containing a polyhydroxy compound, a polyisocyanate, a foaming agent and a catalyst to thereby foam the mixture, in which a foaming agent selected from the group consisting of water, formic acid and its salts is used in an amount of at least 10% by weight as water equivalent per 100 parts by weight of the polyhydroxy compound, and the mixture is stirred at 15.degree. C. or below by previously adjusting the temperature of the mixture to 15.degree. C. or below and under a highly catalytic activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of elastic, compact or cellular moldings based on elastomers containing N-benzylurea groups in bound form, by reactinga) one or more organic and/or modified organic polyisocyanates withb) N-benzylpolyoxyalkylene-polyamines or mixtures of N-benzylpolyoxyalkylene-polyamines and polyoxyalkylene-polyamines containing from 2 to 4 primary amino groups andc) one or more alkyl-substituted aromatic polyamines having a molecular weight of up to 500,in the presence or absence ofd) catalystsand, if desired,e) blowing agents,f) auxiliaries and/org) additives,and to the N-benzylpolyoxyalkylene-polyamines and mixtures of N-benzylpolyoxyalkylene-polyamines and polyoxyalkylene-polyamines containing from 2 to 4 primary amino groups which can be used for this purpose, and to the elastomers prepared.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer prepared from a polyisocyanate comprising 4,4'-methylene diphenyldiisocyanate and polyoxyalkylene polyol wherein the polyol has an average functionality of from about 2 to about 4, a hydroxyl equivalent weight of from about 2200 to 3500 and containing oxyethylene residues in from about 40 to about 68 percent by weight; and the use thereof in the manufacturing of flexible polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Polyether polyols prepared by oxyalkylating a 1,2-diaminocycloalkane have reduced levels of unsaturation and may be used to prepare melamine containing flame retardant polyurethane foams capable of passing California 117 and 133, and other flame tests.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyether polyol which is prepared by(i) reacting 3.0 to 4.0 molecular equivalents of ethylene oxide with one molecular equivalent of 2,3- or 3,4-tolylenediamine, or a mixture thereof in the absense of catalyst, and thereafter,(ii) reacting 2.8 to 4.8 molecular equivalents of propylene oxide with one molecular equivalent of the reaction product in the presence of an alkali metal hydroxide in an amount of not more than 0.8% by weight based on the 2,3- or 3,4-tolylenediamine, or the mixture thereof.The present invention also relates to a rigid polyurethane foam which is prepared by reacting a polyol mixture containing not less than 50 wt % of the above-mentioned polyether polyol with an isocyanate. The rigid polyurethane foam is obtained with reduced fron requirements.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of thermoplastically molding a specific foam composition. The composition is formed by reacting an isocyanate and a relatively low molecular weight tri or higher polyol in the presence of a blowing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel polyurethane resin, a foam prepared from the resin, a preparation process of the foam, and preparation process of a rigid polyurethane foam composite having a face material. The primary object of the present invention is to provide a rigid polyurethane foam and a rigid polyurethane foam composite fitted with a face material which are prepared by using a hydrochlorofluorocarbon foaming agent having very low public hazards such as ozone layer destruction and green house phenomenon of the earth.The above object can be achieved by using a combination of a polyether polyol initiated from a phenol resin with an alkanolamine or an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound in the production of rigid polyurethane foams.Foams thus obtained have equivalent properties to those of foams obtained by using chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) which are conventional foaming agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing polyurethane/polyurea or polyurea elastomers by spray processing or reaction injection molding a reaction mixture comprising an A-side and a B-side, wherein said A-side comprises a polyisocyanate or an isocyanato-terminated polyurethane prepolymer and wherein said B-side comprises a polyol or polyamine plus a chain extender, in order to form a polyurethane/polyurea or polyurea elastomer, said polyol having an equivalent of between about 1,000 and about 20,000, a preferred molecular weight of between about 5,000 and about 30,000 and an end group unsaturation level of no greater than 0.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams having bulk densities within the range of from 15 to 60 kg/cm.sup.3 and a load bearing capacity, under a compression rate of 40%, higher than 50 N, obtained by the reaction of a modified polyisocyanate with a compound containing activated hydrogen atoms in chain-end position, and wherein agents different from chloro-fluoroalkanes are used as the foaming agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polyol composition used to produce a rigid polyurethane foam by a spraying method and also to a method for producing a rigid polyurethane by a spraying method using the composition.The polyol composition of the present invention is characterized by comprising a polyol mainly composed of an ethylenediamine-alkylene oxide addition polyol and a smaller amount of a halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and a larger amount of water than in the production of rigid polyurethane foams by a known spraying method. More particularly, the polyol composition of the present invention comprises a polyol containing not less than 45% by weight of an ethylenediamine-alkylene oxide addition polyol and having an average hydroxyl value of 250-550, and a blowing agent comprising not more than 45% by weight of a low boiling halogenated hydrocarbon blowing agent and 1-6 parts by weight of water, per 100 parts by weight of said polyol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction resin composition comprising a mixture of polyisocyanates, epoxides, and amine catalysts of the formula ##STR1## wherein A is independently alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, alkylidene, cycloalkylene, or aralkenylene; m is an integer of from 0 to 30; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently optionally substituted aralkyl or polyaralkyl; and R.sup.4 is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, or optionally substituted aralkyl or polyaryalkyl.

Abstract: A process for manufacture of molded, high resiliency, polyurethane foam substantially free of volatile organic blowing agents comprising feeding at least three streams into a mixing device to form a reaction mixture, wherein a first stream contains (i) a polyol, (ii) water, (iii) a catalyst, (iv) a surfactant; a second stream contains an organic polyisocyanate; and a third stream contains (i) water, (ii) a crosslinking/extending agent, and (iii) a process/foam modifier.

Abstract: A polyurea elastomer is disclosed. The elastomer includes an isocyanate, an amine terminated polyoxyalkylene polyol, and a chain extender. The isocyanate is preferably a quasi-prepolymer of an isocyanate and a material selected from at least one polyol, a high molecular weight polyoxyalkyleneamine or a combination thereof. The chain extender includes a minor amount of a tetraalkylpiperazine and a major amount of diethyltoluenediamine. A one-step method of making the tetraalkylpiperazine and tetraalkylpiperazinone is also disclosed. The method includes reacting a 2-amino-2-alkyl-1-alkanol in the presence of a nickel-iron-copper-manganese catalyst.

Abstract: Low and high density structural RIM compositions are disclosed which have low viscosities. These compositions contain a resin "B-side" component which comprises a hydroxyl-functional tertiary amine polyol.

Abstract: Polyether polyols having an equivalent weight of from about 200 to about 5000 are prepared by the process of this invention. The process uses barium- or strontium-containing alkoxylation catalysts to provide products with reduced unsaturation in comparison to similar products produced with potassium hydroxide catalysis. The use of these catalysts also increases the capping efficiency with ethylene oxide to provide products with a higher primary hyroxyl content for the same weight percentage of ethylene oxide cap.

Abstract: Polyol compositions suitable for use in the production of fibre-reinforced rigid polyurethane foam comprises (a) at least one amino polyol obtainable by reacting an alkylene oxide with an initiator which has a functionality greater than 2, at least one aromatic ring and at least one amino nitrogen atom and (b) at least 3% by weight, based on the total weight of (a) plus (b), of an adduct of a tertiary amine and an alkylene carbonate. These novel polyol compositions provide foam-forming formulations of suitable viscosity without the need to use a CFC blowing agent and also combine high reactivity with a broad reactivity profile.

Abstract: A polyurethane composition for use in RIM processes which composition comprises an MDI-polyol prepolymer, an aromatic diamine chain extender and a "cold break"-reducing additive to prevent "cold break" and to increase the flexual modulus of the polymer, which additive comprises triethanol amine or a triethanol amine-ethylene oxide end cap reaction product.