Abstract: A photopolymerizable resin material composition for forming a polymer used for a liquid crystal display apparatus includes at least one acrylate compound selected from the group consisting of a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.ltoreq..alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8 and a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8 and a bifunctional acrylate compound having a fluorine substitution ratio .alpha. in the range of 0.1<.alpha.<0.8, and a photopolymerization delaying resin material.

Abstract: Photopolymerization initiator for the visible light-polymerizing adhesives; and the visible light-polymerizing adhesives comprising the photopolymerization initiator, an aliphatic tertiary amine and a radical polymerizing monomer. The visible light-polymerizing adhesive of the invention has good transparency without coloring after photopolymerization as well as good adhering activity. It also has colorless, good transparency after photopolymerization and good adhering activity in an UV irradiation test, as well as excellent light resistance showing very little color change and deterioration in an UV irradiation test. The visible light-polymerizing adhesive of the invention is also excellent in photopolymerizing activity. Furthermore, the visible light-polymerizing adhesive of the invention has photopolymerizing activity not only to visible light but also to near-UV. It hardly has problems of such decrease in transparency caused by both kinds of lights as coloring and color change.

Abstract: UV curable coatings comprising at least one photoinitiator and at least one photopolymerizable UV absorber, wherein the photoinitiator has the ability to absorb a significant portion of the total energy needed to cure the coating from wavelengths in which the UV absorber does not appreciably absorb.

Abstract: An anti-fogging coating comprises from 40 to 80% by weight of at least one acrylic or methacrylic acid monomer, from 20 to 60% by weight of at least one short chain acrylic or methacrylic acid ester monomer and, in relation to the total weight of the preceding monomers, from 1 to 15% of a crosslinking agent and from 0.1 to 5% of a polymerization initiator compound using the action of ultraviolet radiation. Transparent products formed from a glass or poly(methyl methacrylate) support and a layer of the preceding composition, polymerized and crosslinked by the action of ultraviolet radiation, exhibit good anti-fogging and mechanical resistance properties.

Abstract: A protective coating material comprising (meth)acrylate derivatives of the following formulas 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 within the following ranges of a, b, c, d and e % by weight, respectively:5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.80, 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.30, 0.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.30, 5.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.50,0.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.50, provided that a+b+c+d+e=100, ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1 to R.sub.3 is H or CH.sub.3, and R.sub.4 is CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3 or CH.sub.2 OH, ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.5 to R.sub.8 is H or CH.sub.3, ##STR3## wherein each of R.sub.9 to R.sub.14 is H or CH.sub.3,CH.sub.2 .dbd.C(R.sub.15)COO(CH.sub.2).sub.n OCOC(R.sub.16).dbd.CH.sub.2 4wherein each of R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 is H or CH.sub.3, and n is an integer of from 2 to 10. ##STR4## wherein R17 is H or CH.sub.3.

Abstract: A photocurable resin composition useful for producing plastic optical materials, comprises at least one compound of formula (I) represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or --CH.sub.3 ; R.sub.2 is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --; --CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--; --CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.2 Cl)--; n.sub.1 is 1 to 6R.sub.3 is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --; --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --; --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --; --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --;R.sub.4 is ##STR2## n.sub.2 is 1 to 2 n.sub.3 is 0 to 3and a photoinitiator. Also a polymeric material, an optical material, a lens, a protective coating for optical fibers and an adhesive for multilayer glass with the inventive photocurable resin composition are proposed.

Abstract: A UV curable adhesive composition contains a C4 to C14 alkyl alcohol-acrylic acid ester monomer and a monofunctional oligoester acrylate. The composition is cured with UV rays to produce an adhesive the glass transition temperature of which is to be lower than -20.degree. C. Preferably, the composition also contains glass powders and/or polyolefin powders. A double-face adhesive tape includes two porous base sheets in an adhesive layer produced on curing a UV curable adhesive composition.

Abstract: A curable thiol-ene composition specially adapted for use as a primary coating on optical fibers comprises a polythiol and a compound having a plurality of norbornene groups thereon, are characterized in that one of either the compound having the plurality of norbornene groups or the polythiol has a backbone of a poly(tetramethylene oxide), or is an oligomer thereof, and the poly(tetramethylene oxide) has a molecular weight of between 250 and 5,000. The formulations are relatively low viscosity liquids at practical application temperatures and cure substantially completely with very low irradiation fluence. The formulations cure in ambient air. There is no need to exclude oxygen or to control humidity. The formulations of the invention can be cured using low intensity UV lamps which do not generate significant amounts of heat. The cured products have excellent low temperature flexibility, good humidity and water absorbtion resistance and good thermal oxidative stability.

Abstract: An optical material with a high refractive index comprising a resin which is obtainable by polymerization and curing of a composition comprising the following components (A), (B) and (C):component (A): a sulfur-containing (meth)acrylic monomer represented by the following formula [I], or a mixture of the monomer [I] and a sulfur-containing (meth)acrylic monomer represented by the following formula [II]: ##STR1## in each of which formulas, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represent a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, X represents a halogen atom except fluorine, and n represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, provided that those groups which are in plurality may be the same or different,the weight ratio of the compound [I]/the compound [II] being from 10/0 to 1/9;component (B): a hydroxy(meth)acrylic monomer represented by the following formula [III]: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to improving thermoplastic and cross-linked polymeric networks. The inventive method comprises forming the polymeric network under gravitational conditions comprising from about 10.sup.-6 to about 10.sup.-2 g. Three modes of energy transfer have been recognized, inter alia, conduction, convection, and radiation. Polymeric networks formed under microgravity conditions (defined herein as gravitational conditions comprising from about 10.sup.-6 to about 10.sup.-2 g) do not obviate conduction and radiation modes of energy transfer. Convection energy transfer, however, is gravity dependent. Thus, convection currents can be suppressed in thermoplastic and cross-linked polymeric networks during network formation by forming the network under microgravity conditions. Suppression of convection currents reduces the incidences of voids in solvent cast thermoplastic polymeric membranes, which forms yet another aspect of the present invention.

Abstract: A catalyst system for effecting polymerization in a two-part formulation, which contains an oxygen-containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer, consists of a selected acid, a selected aromatic amine compound, and a transition metal compound; active-oxygen, free-radical catalysts are excluded. Because of the nature of the catalyst system, efficient reaction does not require intimate mixing of the two components of the formulation, which may therefore be applied effectively as fine-droplet sprays from a common, ultrasonically vibrated head.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a non-emissive, bimodal cured polymeric network which has an onset degradation temperature that is about 100.degree. C. above the onset degradation temperature of a base polymer. The novel cured polymeric network comprises the cured reaction product of the following ingredients: (a) combination of one or more liquid carrier monomers or prepolymers which combination is reactive to form a base polymer by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the presence of a UV photosensitizer at a temperature, T.sub.uv ; and (b) between about 10 and 100 wt-% based on ingredient (a) of a combination of one or more monomers or prepolymers which combination is reactive to form a cured high temperature stable polymer by heating at a temperature, T.sub..DELTA.. Ingredient (b) is soluble or dispersible in ingredient (a) at a temperature, T.sub.s, wherein T.sub.s is equal to or lower than T.sub.uv, and T.sub.uv is at least about 50.degree. C. lower than T.sub..DELTA..

Abstract: Adhesive beads comprise a core comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive material and an essentially discontinuous organic polymer disposed about the core. The beads are free-flowing at room temperature. Upon application of heat and/or pressure the core is activated and blends with the coating to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: An acrylate is polymerized by the photo-decomposition of ##STR1## to make a polymeric intermediate containing dithiocarbamate groups at both its ends, and a hard polymer-forming monomer is polymerized by the photo-decomposition of this dithiocarbamate group-containing polymeric intermediate to form blocks of a polymer of said hard polymer-forming monomer on both sides of said polymeric intermediate, thereby forming an ABA type block copolymer.

Abstract: A photosetting resin comprising a liquid monomer composition and a photopolymerization initiator, the monomer composition containing a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2) in a weight ratio within the range from 97:3 to 50:50: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 is H or CH.sub.3, and 0.ltoreq.m.sub.1 +m.sub.2 .ltoreq.4) ##STR2## (wherein R.sub.2 is H or CH.sub.3, and 5.ltoreq.n.sub.1 +n.sub.2 .ltoreq.12).This photosetting resin can provide a cured resin which is excellent in both strength and toughness.

Abstract: Acrylic pressure sensitive adhesives which exhibit hydrophilicity and moisture permeability can be made by curing or crosslinking low molecular weight acrylic oligomers modified with substantial quantities of a hydroxyl containing monomer. The resultant modified pressure sensitive adhesive acrylic copolymers, upon crosslinking, will then have a hydrophilic hydroxy component incorporated into the copolymer backbone. Such adhesives are particularly useful in skin contact applications, such as the adhesives used on bandages or the adhesives used in transdermal drug delivery systems.

Abstract: Radiation-sensitive, ethylenically unsaturated compounds and a process for their preparation. The ethylenically unsaturated organic compounds are of the general formula ##STR1## where R is alkyl, aryl or a radical R.sup.1 andR.sup.1 is a radical ##STR2## where R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 are each H, alkyl, OH, OAlkyl, SH, SAlkyl, halogen, N (Alkyl).sub.2 or N (Alkyl) (Aryl) and at least one but not more than three of the radicals R.sup.2 to R.sup.6 is or are a radical ##STR3## where X is alkylene, cycloalkylene, oxaalkylene or arylene, Y is H or CH.sub.3 -- and Z is O or NY.The novel radiation-sensitive ethylenically unsaturated compounds are suitable for the preparation of polymeric radiation-sensitive compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an iniferter compound of the formula I(T).sub.n wherein I represents the free radical initiator portion of the iniferter compound and wherein I comprises a hydroxy-functional polyurethane polymer which comprises: (i) a polyurethane backbone; (ii) a plurality of cross-linkable hydroxy groups pendant from the polyurethane backbone, wherein the polyurethane backbone has a hydroxy equivalent weight of from about 500 to about 10,000; (iii) at least n organic groups X which can be the same or different pendant from the polyurethane backbone wherein each organic group X is also bonded to a T group; T represents the terminator portion of the iniferter; and n is an integer of at least 1; wherein T and X are organic groups selected so that the T--X bond is capable of dissociating upon being subjected to an appropriate energy source of forming a terminator free radical of the formula nT.multidot. and an initiator free radical of the formula I(.multidot.).sub.n .

Abstract: A zinc-stable ceramic ink composition which contains a metal oxide, a glass frit, a UV-curable vehicle, zinc powder, and a calcium-containing organic complex. The calcium-containing organic complex prevents premature polymerization of the UV-curable vehicle so that the zinc-containing ink composition may be stored for extended periods of time prior to use.

Abstract: Radiation-sensitive polymers suitable for use in positive- and negative-working recording elements contain not only acid-labile groups but also onium salt groups having nonnucleophilic counterions in one and the same molecule.

Abstract: A radiation curable protective coating composition is disclosed which contains at least one multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer and colloidal silica dispersed in water or an organic solvent/water mixture. When applied to a substrate and radiation cured, the composition forms a transparent abrasion resistant, weather resistant, ultraviolet light resistant, coating firmly held thereon.

Abstract: A process is described for fixing an inorganic species in an organic matr which comprises bringing a compound of the formula MR.sub.n in which M is selected from sub-group metals, lanthanides, actinides, Al, Sn, B and Si, and the radicals R can be replaced by a complexing agent, into contact with a complexing agent, the complexing agent containing a functional group which is capable of participating in a polymerization or polycondensation reaction. After complexing, hydrolysis and condensation are preferably first carried out, followed by polymerization or polycondensation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are i) a resin composition comprising (A) a di-(meth)acrylic acid ester of a carbonate diol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 or of an addition compound of the carbonate diol with an .epsilon.-caprolactone, (B) a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and optionally, (C) an initiator of photopolymerization, ii) a di-(meth)acrylic acid ester of an addition compound of a carbonate diol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 with an .epsilon.-caprolactone and iii) a di(meth)acrylic acid ester represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkylene group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, the mean values of a and b are 0 to 5, respectively, the mean sum of a plus b is 0.5 to 5 and the mean value of l is 1 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coating compositions which contain multifunctional acrylates, unsaturated organic compounds and aqueous dispersions of colloidal silica. Transparent, abrasion resistant coatings result from the cure, either by ultraviolet light or electron beam radiation, of these compositions on solid substrates.

Abstract: Polymerizable and cross-linkable, radiation curable coating compositions particularly designed for deposition as an abrasion resistant, tintable coating poly (bis phenyl A) carbonates. The formulation is a mixture including:(a) 25-94% by weight of a polyfunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer having at least three acrylate functional groups per molecule or a mixture of such monomers;(b) 3-50% by weight of a monomer selected from N-vinyl derivatives of linear or cyclic secondary amides, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate or methacrylate, N,N-di(lower alkyl) acrylamide ethylenically unsaturated monosilane, or a mixture of such monomers; and(c) 3-40% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a Tg less than 80.degree. C. or 3-30% of an ethylenically unsaturated copolymer with a Tg less than 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The compositions of this invention posses both calcium hydroxide cement characteristics and light cure characteristics and hence strong bonds are likely to form with both the tooth and conventional filling materials. There is less likelihood that a filling may fall out of a cavity.The present invention provides a two component composition which comprises a first component comprising an ethylenically polymerizable compound which contains both a salicylate group and at least one acrylate, alkacrylate, acrylamide or alkacrylamide group and second component comprising calcium hydroxide or a suitable precursor to calcium hydroxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for suspension polymerization of a pressure-sensitive acrylate copolymer bead having a glass transition temperature of 0.degree. C. or less. The method comprises making a monomer premix comprising an acrylic acid ester of non-tertiary alcohol, the alcohol having from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, with the average number of carbon atoms being about 4 to about 12, a polar monomer copolymerizable with the acrylic acid ester, a chain transfer agent, a free-radical initiator, and a modifier moiety selected from the group consisting of 2-polystyrylethyl methacrylate macromolecular monomers, reactive zinc salts and hydrophobic silicas. The premix is then combined with a water phase containing a sufficient amount of suspending agent to form a suspension. The suspension is concurrently agitated and polymerization of the polymer premix is permitted until polymer beads are formed. The polymer beads are then collected.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are (i) a resin composition comprising (A) a di-(meth)acrylic acid ester of a carbonate diol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 or of an addition compound of the carbonate diol with an .epsilon.-caprolactone, (B) a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and optionally, (C) an initiator of photopolymerization, (ii) a di-(meth)acrylic acid ester of an addition compound of a carbonate diol having an average molecular weight of 500 to 3000 with an .epsilon.-caprolactone and (iii) a di-(meth)acrylic acid ester represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkylene group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, the mean values of a and b are 0 to 5, respectively, the mean sum of a plus b is 0.5 to 5 and the mean value of l is 1 to 10.

Abstract: Photopolymerization initiators of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.1 ' independently stand for a tertiary alkyl group or a tertiary aralkyl group and R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 ' independently stand for a hydrogen atom, a tertiary alkoxy group, or a tertiary aralkyloxy group are disclosed. They are useful for effecting polymerization of radically polymerizable unsaturated compounds. Tetra peroxy esters of benzophenone are preferred.

Abstract: A photopolymerizable composition comprising a vinylic compound, a sulfur-containing compound and an .alpha.-diketone is disclosed. The sulfur-containing compound may be a mercaptobenzoic acid or a polysulfide.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ungelled radiation curable resin which is a reaction product of (a) a polyfunctional hydroxyl-containing carboxylic acid having a molecular weight less than or equal to 1,000 and having a total functionality of equal to or greater than 3; (b) an organic hydroxyl-functional compound; and (c) an alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. Also disclosed is a radiation curable composition containing the radiation curable resin in combination with a polymer having a glass transition temperature equal to or higher than minus 17 degrees Celsius selected from an acrylic polymer and a polyester polymer.The radiation curable resins are particularly useful for coatings over non-metallic substrates such as ABS plastics, etc., having an adherent, thin film of metal deposited by vacuum metallizing, sputtering, electroless deposition, electroplating, and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to acrylic telomers with grafts which can be cross linked by light, methods of synthesizing them and their applications. The telomers comprise a telogen of the mercaptan family, in particular dodecanethiol, and links of a taxogen of the acrylic family, some of which are grafted. The telomers are synthesized semi-continuously by radical initiation in the presence of initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile, at a temperature below 75.degree. C., making it possible to obtain a number of links adapted to the desired applications. Grafting is carried out by means of glycidyl and aziridinyl groups.

Abstract: A polymerizable fluid for sealing and locking engineering parts contains components which allow 2 mechanisms of polymerization, the first of the mechanisms being initiatable by radiation such as ultraviolet light, and an opacifier such as a powder dispersed in the fluid, the opacifier rendering the fluid opaque to the radiation. A coating of the fluid is applied to one of the engineering parts and the coating is exposed to the radiation which initiates the first of said polymerization mechanisms, so that polymerization occurs only in a surface layer of the coating to form a dry tack free crust thereon. Due to the presence of the opacifier, the radiation is obstructed from passing beyond the surface layer and the subcutaneous fluid is unaffected by the radiation. The second polymerization mechanism, suitably a free radical addition polymerization of known type, is initiatable when two engineering parts are assembled together.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a sticky water-soluble polymer, e.g. acrylamide polymers and acrylic acid polymers, which comprises polymerizing an aqueous solution of a monomer in a polymerization vessel of which the surface contacting the aqueous monomer solution is covered with a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film, whereby the stickiness of the produced polymer to the vessel is remarkably decreased, namely the peelability of the polymer from the vessel is remarkably improved, and moreover the polymerization conversion is remarkably improved. Also, the use of a metal deposited tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film as a covering material improves the efficiency of a photopolymerization and enables to use a polymerization vessel made of an inexpensive material.

Abstract: A radiation curable protective coating composition is disclosed which contains at least one multifunctional acrylate or methacrylate monomer and colloidal silica dispersed in water or an organic solvent/water mixture. When applied to a substrate and radiation cured, the composition forms a transparent abrasion resistant, weather resistant, ultraviolet light resistant, coating firmly held thereon.