Abstract: An ink set includes a metallic ink composition containing a metal pigment and at least one curable ink composition selected from the group consisting of a chromatic ink composition, a black ink composition, and a white ink composition.

Abstract: An ink set for ink-jet recording includes a dye ink containing a water-soluble dye and water and a pigment ink containing a self-dispersible pigment and water; wherein the dye ink further contains a polymer having a lactam structure; and the pigment ink further contains a substance having a surface active ability, a blending amount of the substance having the surface active ability being set in a ratio to fulfill a condition that a line width of a one-dot line is not less than 115 ?m when an amount of one liquid droplet of the pigment ink to be discharged is set to be within a range of 22 pL to 28 pL and the one-dot line is printed on a regular paper sheet.

Abstract: The present invention provides aqueous dispersions comprising a pigment (B) at least partially enveloped by polyurethane (A) and further comprising at least one polymerization inhibitor (C), said polyurethane (A) being obtainable by reaction of (a) 15% to 70% by weight of di- or polyisocyanate comprising on average from 1 to 10 allophanate groups and on average from 1 to 10 C—C double bonds per molecule, and optionally (b) 0% to 60% by weight of further di- or polyisocyanate, with (c) 5% to 50% by weight of compound having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups, weight % ages being based on total polyurethane (A).

Abstract: To provide an ink jet ink capable of achieving both high colorability and excellent bleeding resistance of an image and having excellent storage stability, provided is an ink jet ink including at least a pigment and a star polymer having a structure represented by at least one formula selected from the group consisting of the following general formulae (1) to (3).

Abstract: Provided is a metallic-pigment composition which is usable in coating compositions or ink compositions, in particular, in water-based coating compositions or aqueous inks, and which gives coating compositions having excellent storage stability. The metallic-pigment composition gives a coating film having excellent performances with respect to brightness, hiding properties, flip-flop feeling, etc., causes no colorant or organic-pigment discoloration, and has excellent adhesion and chemical resistance. The metallic-pigment composition comprises one or more mixed-coordination-type heteropolyanion compounds, a hydrolyzate of a silicon compound and/or a condensate thereof, and metal particles.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording ink which is utilized for printing on a heated recording medium, wherein the ink contains at least (1) a pigment, (2) an ink-soluble resin of 2-10 weight % based on a solid content, (3) a water-soluble organic solvent, and (4) a silicone type or a fluorine type surfactant, and the ink-soluble resin and the water-soluble organic solvent satisfy the following conditions: 1) at least one type of the ink-soluble resin is provided with a carboxyl group as an acid group, and an acid value of not less than 80 and less than 300, and 2) the water-soluble organic solvent contains at least 5-15 weight % of solvent A, and 2-15 weight % of solvent B; solvent A: a glycol ether or 1,2-alkanediols, and solvent B: a cyclic solvent, a cyclic ester solvent or a dimethyl sulfoxide, containing a nitrogen or a sulfur atom.

Abstract: A capsulated colorant including a colorant and a polymer resin which is coated on the colorant and has a cross-linked structure, a method of preparing the capsulated colorant, and an ink composition including the capsulated colorant. By adjusting the extent of cross-linking of the colorant on which the polymer having a cross-linked structure is coated, a capsulated colorant having a cross-linking of larger extent and a capsulated colorant having a cross-linking of smaller extent are obtained. By using an ink composition including the capsulated colorant having a larger cross-linked extent, characteristics of excellent waterfastness, lighffastness, rubfastness and optical density can be realized. In addition, by using the ink composition including the capsulated colorant having a smaller cross-linked extent, images with excellent durability and printed gloss can be realized.

Abstract: Oil compositions having a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids are described for use in various applications including use as drying oils, in ink compositions and coating compositions. Oil compositions wherein the double bonds of the fatty acids are substantially epoxidized are described and used as plasticizers and thermal stabilizers for various halogenated polymer compositions.

Abstract: Metallic ink compositions for use in capillary-action markers are provided. More particularly, a metallic ink composition includes an organic solvent, a metallic pigment, and a resin component.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a binder for ink-jet printing ink that can form printed images having excellent scratch resistance and good alcohol resistance without impairing good discharge stability of ink. The present invention relates to a binder for ink-jet printing ink including a polyurethane (A) that has a hydroxyl group at a molecular terminal, has a weight-average molecular weight of 30,000 to 70,000, and is obtained by causing a reaction of a polyisocyanate and a polyol (a2) containing a particular polyether polyol so that the equivalent ratio [isocyanate group [X]/hydroxyl group [Y]] of an isocyanate group [X] in the polyisocyanate (a1) to a hydroxyl group [Y] in the polyol (a2) is in the range of 0.930 to 0.995 and an aqueous medium (B). The hydroxyl group present at the molecular terminal of the polyurethane (A) is a hydroxyl group derived from the polyether polyol.

Abstract: The invention provides a water-based ink for inkjet recording containing at least: a vinyl polymer particle containing an azo compound represented by Formula (1), a tautomer of the azo compound, a salt or a hydrate of the azo compound or the tautomer, or any combination thereof; a 1,2-alkylene glycol having from 4 to 10 carbon atoms; and a polyvalent alcohol that is not the 1,2-alkylene glycol and that has at most 10 carbon atoms. In Formula (1), Z represents a divalent group having a 5- to 8-membered nitrogen-containing heterocycle; Y1, Y2, R11 and R12 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; G1 and G2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl or heterocyclic group; and W1 and W2 each independently represent an alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkyl group, or an aryl group.

Abstract: Ink deposited on a substrate by an ink-jet arrangement to form a protective layer includes hardenable oligomer, hardenable monomer selected from a group including alkoxylated and/or poly-alkoxylated acrylic monomers comprising one or more di- or tri-acrylates, and a photoinitiator. The oligomer has a room temperature viscosity greater than 1 Pa·s. The oligomer to monomer weight ratio is between 1/6 and 1/25. The ink has a room temperature viscosity between 15 and 22 mPa·s and between 5 and 2 mPa·s at 60° C., and a room temperature surface tension between 15 and 28 mN/m. The photoinitiator is activated by a UV source having an appropriate wavelength and intensity.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an aqueous dispersion and ink jet inks comprising a colorant and an amphoteric polyurethane dispersant, wherein the amphoteric polyurethane dispersant comprises a reaction product of at least one basic amine urethane monomer, at least one acidic urethane monomer, and at least one urethane monomer comprising two or more isocyanates having improved bleed control, and optical density/chroma.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment dispersion includes a pigment, a non-aqueous dispersion medium, and a polymeric dispersant including at least one oxalylamide structural unit according to Formula (I): wherein: R1 represents a first polymeric moiety selected from the group consisting of a linear polymeric moiety, a star shaped polymeric moiety, a dendritic polymeric moiety, a branched polymeric moiety, and a hyperbranched polymeric moiety; and R2 represents a second polymeric moiety selected from the group consisting of a polyester, a polyether, a polyamide, a polyacrylate, a polymethacrylate, or copolymers thereof.

Abstract: An ink for high-speed printing is formulated by controlling the phase angle of the ink to less than 60° at a frequency of 10 Hz when the ratio of the total non-volatiles volume fraction of the ink to the maximum total non-volatiles volume fraction of the ink is a ratio between about 0.40 to about 0.90. An ink for high-speed printing includes one or more resins, one or more colorants, one or more solvents, and one or more additives. The ink can be a flexographic ink, a rotogravure ink, a heatset offset ink, or a publication gravure ink. A print of the ink includes less than 1% of pinholes by area. The ink is applied to a substrate, which moves at a speed of greater than 1200 feet/min.

Abstract: An insulating ink composition for forming an insulating film, which sufficiently achieves a low calcination temperature, solvent resistance and an insulating property, is provided. Furthermore, an ink composition for forming an insulating film which can form, by the printing method, fine insulating film patterns necessary for formation of highly integrated organic transistors is provided. The present invention provides an ink composition which forms an insulating film, and includes an organic solvent, a polyvinylphenol-based resin, an epoxy resin and a cross-linking aid. Particularly, the ink composition is a composition wherein the organic solvent includes an organic solvent which has a vapor pressure of 11.3×102 Pa or higher at 20° C. and a boiling point of lower than 115° C. under atmospheric pressure and an organic solvent which has a vapor pressure of less than 11.3×102 Pa at 20° C. and a boiling point of 115° C.

Abstract: An ink composition includes a particulate pigment, a hydrocarbon vehicle, an organic polyamine and an organic polyacid. A ratio by weight percent of the organic polyamine to the organic polyacid in the hydrocarbon vehicle is sufficient to render a conductivity of the ink composition to equal to or less than 15 nanosiemens per centimeter. The ink composition is prepared by combining the particulate pigment with a composition that includes the hydrocarbon vehicle, the organic polyamine and the organic polyacid. The combination is subjected to conditions under which the particulate pigment becomes dispersed in the composition.

Abstract: A production method of an aqueous pigment dispersion liquid of the present invention includes: a kneading step of kneading a mixture including (a) C. I. pigment violet 23, (b) a styrene-acrylic acid-based copolymer with an acid value of 50 to 300 mgKOH/g, (c) an alkali metal hydroxide, (d) water, and (e) a wetting agent, thereby producing a colored, kneaded material; and a dispersion step of dispersing the pigmented, kneaded material in an aqueous medium by using a dispersing machine with media, wherein the mass ratio of (b)/(a) in the kneading step is within a range of 0.15 to 0.45, the mass ratio of (d)/(a) in the first half of the kneading step is within a range of 0.04 to 0.42, and the change in viscosity of materials to be dispersed in the dispersion step is 10% or lower.

Abstract: The instant invention provides dye-encapsulated dispersions suitable for printing applications, method of producing the same, ink compositions made therefrom, delivery systems for such ink compositions, and articles having a coating layer derived from such ink compositions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and composition directed towards a single batch latex ink-jet ink. In one embodiment, a method of manufacturing a single batch latex ink-jet ink can comprise emulsifying a pigment and a monomer in a solvent, and polymerizing the monomer with a reaction condition sufficient to encapsulate the pigment and sufficient to form individual latex particulates thereby forming a single batch latex ink-jet ink. The ink can contain less than about 0.5 wt % of latex particulates having a diameter of 50 nm or less, can contain about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of latex particulates having a diameter of about 100 nm to about 250 nm and can contain about 3 wt % to about 5 wt % of encapsulated pigment.

Abstract: A method for making a pigment dispersion can include dispersing pigment particles in an aqueous liquid medium to form a dispersion, adding a first monomer to form a dispersive coating on the pigment particles, adding a second monomer to the dispersion, and forming a polymer coating on the surface of the pigment particles by polymerizing the second monomer with the first monomer, wherein the polymer coating includes at least one urethane linkage or urea linkage.

Abstract: A non-aqueous ink composition for inkjet printing, comprising 5 to 15% by mass of pigment relative to a mass of the non-aqueous ink composition, a pigment dispersant in such an amount that a mass ratio of the pigment dispersant to the pigment ranges from 0.2 to 2.0, and an organic solvent, the pigment dispersant comprising (A) a polyamide having a polyester side chain and/or a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and a C10-40 alkene, and (B) an alkyl(alkyl)acrylate copolymer having a C12-25 alkyl group and a nitrogen-containing group in such an amount that a mass ratio of the dispersant (B) to a total of the dispersant (A) and the dispersant (B), (B)/[(A)+(B)], ranges from 0.75 to 0.99. The ink composition has good storage stability and causes no satellite even printed in an environment of a low temperature.

Abstract: An inkjet ink set containing a first pigment ink and a second pigment ink. The first pigment ink includes an anionic self-emulsification ether polyurethane, and the second pigment ink includes a styrene acrylic resin emulsion.

Abstract: An aqueous ink ensuring less blurring and high color formation on plain paper, satisfactory color formation and fixing property on special paper and excellent ejection stability is realized by using a microcapsule of a colorant encapsulated with a polymer and rendered dispersible in water and specifying the amount of the aromatic ring in the polymer to be from 20 to 70 wt % of the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to urea terminated polyurethane dispersants based on certain diols which have grafted alkyl, aryl or fluoroalkyl substituents, aqueous dispersions of such polyurethanes, the manufacture of the urea terminated polyurethane dispersions and inks containing pigments and/or disperse dyes dispersed with these urea terminated polyurethane dispersants.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a pigment composition for a printing ink, which involves the step of dry-milling crude copper phthalocyanine using calcium carbonate having a specific property; a pigment composition for a printing ink; and a method for producing a printing ink using the pigment composition. Specifically, the present invention provides a method for producing a pigment composition for a printing ink, which involves the step of dry-milling crude copper phthalocyanine and calcium carbonate having a primary particle diameter of 20 to 1500 nm in the absence of a resin for a printing ink; a pigment composition produced by the method; and a method for producing a printing ink, which includes the steps of heating a mixture of a pigment composition, a resin for a printing ink and a solvent for the printing ink, and wet-milling the heated mixture.

Abstract: An aqueous pigment dispersion which contains C.I. Pigment Yellow 74, a styrene-acrylic-based resin with an acid number of 100 to 250, and a basic compound, wherein the styrene-acrylic-based resin includes at least styrene-based monomer units, acrylic acid monomer units, and methacrylic acid monomer units as component monomer units, and the weight average molecular weight of the resin is within a range from 7,000 to 15,000.

Abstract: An object to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a binder for an ink-jet printing ink, the binder being capable of forming a printed image having excellent durability such as rubfastness and alkali resistance without impairing good ejection stability, storage stability, etc. of an ink, and an ink-jet printing ink containing the binder. The present invention relates to a binder for an ink-jet printing ink, the binder containing an aqueous medium (D); and a polyurethane (C) obtained by reacting a polyol (A) containing a vinyl polymer (a1) having two hydroxyl groups at one end and at least one polyol (a2) selected from the group consisting of polyether polyols, polyester polyols, polyester ether polyols, and polycarbonate polyols with a polyisocyanate (B), the polyurethane (C) having a structure derived from the vinyl polymer (a1) in a side chain thereof and being dispersed in the aqueous medium (D), and printed matter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dispersions comprising particulate materials and a solvent, with an optional dispersant. The solvent has a low dielectric constant, and the particulate material is present at high loading levels. The resulting dispersion has been found to be stable and have a low viscosity, even at high particulate material loadings. Various uses for these dispersions are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an ink for inkjet printing, in particular to an aqueous ink comprising a self-dispersing pigment colorant and certain soluble polymers which enhance print quality without compromising jetting performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to crosslinked core/shell polymer particles containing a pigment which are usable in a water-based ink for ink-jet printing and exhibit excellent optical density and gloss and are prevented from suffering from occurrence of bronzing, wherein the polymer particles each include a core portion and a shell portion which are respectively made of a crosslinked polymer, and a weight ratio of the pigment to the pigment-containing crosslinked core/shell polymer particles [(weight of the pigment/weight of the pigment-containing crosslinked core/shell polymer particles)×100] is from 25 to 75. The present invention further relates to a water dispersion and a water-based ink for ink-jet printing which contain the crosslinked core/shell polymer particles and a process for producing crosslinked polymer particles.

Abstract: The invention provides an ink composition comprising a colorant, water and wax particles, the wax particles comprising at least two kinds of wax; an ink set including the ink composition; and a method of forming an image using the ink composition.

Abstract: A white ink composition contains a white coloring material and a fixing resin component. The fixing resin component includes a styrene acrylic resin and a urethane resin at a mass ratio of the styrene acrylic resin to the urethane resin (styrene acrylic resin/urethane resin) of at least 1/10.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride resin emulsion is obtained from emulsion polymerization of (A) 40-500 parts by weight of a styrene-acrylic acid ester oligomer and/or acrylic acid ester oligomer having a number average molecular weight of 5,000-50,000 with 100 parts by weight of a monomeric composition comprising (B) a vinyl chloride monomer or (B) a vinyl chloride monomer and (C) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith.

Abstract: An ink set for forming a multilayer of the present invention includes a group of coloring ink compositions which include a yellow, a magenta, a cyan and a black ink composition, and a clear ink composition, wherein each of the coloring ink compositions contain a (component A) radical polymerizable compound, a (component B) radical polymerization initiator and a (component D) coloring agent, and the component A contains a (component A-1) N-vinyl compound and a (component A-2) specific ethylenic unsaturated compound (CTFA), the clear ink composition contains a (component A) radical polymerizable compound, a (component B) acylphosphine oxide-based photoinitiator and a (component C) surfactant, and the relation of 0.1?(Y/X)<1 is satisfied when the content of the radical polymerization initiator in the clear ink composition is X, the content of the radical polymerization initiator in the magenta ink composition is Y.

Abstract: A polyurethane polymer comprising from 35% to 90% (w/w) of a poly (C2-4-alkylene oxide) based on the total weight of the polymer wherein not less than 60% by weight of the poly (C2-4-alkylene oxide) is polyethylene oxide and wherein at least 5% of the poly (C2-4-alkylene oxide) based on the total weight of the polymer is incorporated in lateral chains and which contains 10 to 180 milliequivalents of add groups for each 100 gm polymer when the polyurethane contains from 35 to 45% by weight poly (C2-4-alkylene oxide), e.g. a polymer made by reacting dimethylolpropionic acid, cyclohexane dimethanol, polypropylene glycol (1000), N-methyl pyrrolidone and an ?,?-diydroxy polyethylene glycol obtainable from 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, methoxy polyethylene glycol (750) and diethanolamine.

Abstract: Provided is an ultraviolet-curable ink jet ink composition with excellent curability and storage stability, the composition containing a monomer A represented by Formula (I): CH2?CR1—COOR2—O—CH?CH—R3 (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 represents a C2-C20 divalent organic residue, and R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C11 monovalent organic residue); a (meth)acrylated amine compound; a hindered amine compound other than the (meth)acrylated amine compound; and a photopolymerization initiator.

Abstract: An ink set for ink jet recording including an ink composition containing a coloring material, and a polymer particle including 65 mass % or more of a constituent unit derived from a methacrylic acid derivative, and a treating liquid which forms an aggregate when contacted with the ink composition, and an ink jet recording method using the same are provided.

Abstract: An ink set for forming multiple layers comprising a colored ink composition comprising a yellow ink composition, a magenta ink composition, a cyan ink composition, and a black ink composition, and a white ink composition, each ink composition comprising (Component A) a radically polymerizable compound and (Component B) a radical polymerization initiator, Component A above comprising (Component A-1) an N-vinyl compound and (Component A-2) a compound represented by Formula (a-2) below, and when the content of the radical polymerization initiator in the white ink composition is X and the content of the radical polymerization initiator in the magenta ink composition is Y, Expression (1) below being satisfied wherein R1, R2, and R3 independently denote a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and X2 denotes a single bond or a divalent linking group. 0.

Abstract: A white ink composition contains a white coloring material and a fixing resin component. The fixing resin component includes a styrene acrylic resin and a urethane resin at a mass ratio of the styrene acrylic resin to the urethane resin (styrene acrylic resin/urethane resin) of at least 1/10.

Abstract: Thermochromic coatings are improved by mixing thermochromic capsules with polymer resins in a manner that imparts shelf stability to flowable precursors that may be cured quickly using dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and/or other acid catalysts to form relatively hard coatings that are capable of withstanding machine operations, such as the operations needed to make beverage can lids, bottle caps, pull tabs and the like.

Abstract: A non-aqueous pigment ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the pigment dispersant is an acrylic polymer comprising, as constituent monomers, (M1) an alkyl(meth)acrylate having an alkyl group of 12 or more carbon atoms, (M2) a (meth)acrylic acid derivative having an amino group, and (M3) a (meth)acrylic acid derivative having a glycidyl group, in which the combination of all the constituent monomers comprises from 7 to 15 mol % of the monomer (M2) and from 0.5 to 3 mol % of the monomer (M3) and the molar ratio (M2)/(M3) between the monomer (M2) and the monomer (M3) is within a range from 4 to 20.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a water dispersion for ink-jet printing including two kinds of carbon blacks (a) and (b) and a water-insoluble polymer which adheres to a surface of the respective carbon blacks (a) and (b), wherein the carbon black (a) has an acid group content of from 0 to 200 ?mol/g and the carbon black (b) has an acid group content of more than 200 ?mol/g but not more than 1000 ?mol/g, and a difference between acid group contents of the carbon blacks (a) and (b) is from 100 to 1000 ?mol/g, and a water-based ink for ink-jet printing which contains the water dispersion. The water-based ink is excellent in image density, fixing property, high lighter fastness, image uniformity, ejection reliability and storage stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-aqueous inkjet ink that includes a polyvinyl chloride resin synthesized by a suspension polymerization method or an emulsion polymerization method; an organic solvent that is a mixed solvent comprising diethylene glycol ethyl methyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether in which the polyvinyl chloride resin is dissolved; a pigment; and a radical polymerization inhibitor. In another embodiment, the mixed solvent includes N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether. The radical polymerization inhibitor prevents the polyvinyl chloride resin from gelling in a short period and causing a discharge fault, clogging, etc. Also disclosed is an ink set of inkjet inks includes a combination of the non-aqueous inkjet inks above having respective colors and including at least a cyan ink; a magenta ink; a yellow ink; and a black ink.

Abstract: An inkjet ink includes carbon nanotubes, flake graphites, an organic carrier, a binder, a surfactant, a film enhancer and a solvent. A method for making an inkjet ink includes dispersing the plurality of carbon nanotubes in the surfactant solvent to form a first mixture, dispersing the plurality of flake graphites in the organic carrier solvent to form a second mixture, adding the film enhancer into the second mixture to form a third mixture, and mixing the first mixture and the third mixture.

Abstract: In order to provide a thermosensitive decolorable ink composition which can readily be decolored with simple heating by rubbing and the like without using a microcapsule and is not developed again in color even after stored at very low temperature (?50° C. or lower) and which is excellent in stability with passage of time and has a vivid hue intensity, the above thermosensitive decolorable ink composition is provided with a constitution in which it contains as a colorant, color developing particles comprising at least a leuco dye, a developer and a crystalline substance and in which it further contains a decolorant comprising an amorphous resin.

Abstract: A latex marking ink suitable for marking rubber articles has been developed. The ink comprises vulcanizable rubber latex, pigment, vulcanizing agent, and non-ionic stabilizer dispersed in water. Shear stability is dramatically and unexpectedly increased by the presence of the non-ionic stabilizer even though viscosity also increases.

Abstract: An ink jet recording method includes ejecting droplets of an aqueous ink composition on an ink-non-absorbent or ink-low-absorbent recording medium from an ink jet recording apparatus, and drying the aqueous ink composition on the recording medium by heating the recording medium to 40° C. or more. The aqueous ink composition used in the method contains a pigment, a first solvent and a second solvent, but does not contain glycerol. The first solvent content W‘is in the range of 3% to 6% by mass, and the ratio W2/W1 of the second solvent content W2 to the first solvent content W1 is 2 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ink composition for oil-based ballpoint pens which exhibits soft writing sensation due to low viscosity of 300 to 3000 cps, enables writing even at low temperatures and thus exhibits superior stability, and is free of leakage (of ink), and an oil-based ballpoint pen using the same.

Abstract: A dispersant of general Formula I T—(A)n(B)p—Z??(1) wherein T is hydrogen or a polymerisation terminating group; Z is an acidic or basic group or a moiety containing either an acidic or basic group; A and B are each, independently, oxyalkylene carbonyl groups derivable from ?-valerolactone, ?-caprolactone or alkyl substituted ?-caprolactone provided that both are not ?-caprolactone or ?-valerolactone; n and p are integers; and n+p is from 2 to 100; including salts thereof. Specific examples of dispersants are the reaction product of lauric acid, ?-caprolactone, 7-methyl-?-caprolactone with PEI, the reaction product of lauric acid, ?-caprolactone, ?-valerolactone with PEI and the phosphate of the reaction product of dodecanol, ?-caprolactone and ?-valerolactone.