Abstract: Polychloroethylene, e.g., trichioroethylene and perchloroethylene, is stabilized with a stabilizing amount of a stable free radical stabilizer, e.g., a material having the 2,2,6,6-tetra(lower alkyl)-1-piperidinyloxy-yl free radical group, such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-1-piperidinyloxy, or the 2,2,5,5-tetra(lower alkyl)pyrrolidinyloxy group, such as 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl pyrrolidinyloxy. Stable free radical stabilizer is removed from a polychloroethylene composition containing same by contacting the composition with silica, e.g., precipitated silica.

Abstract: A process for recovering fluoropolymers, which comprises contacting an ion exchange membrane comprising a fluoropolymer having carboxylic acid groups (hereinafter referred to as a C-polymer) and a fluoropolymer having sulfonic acid groups (hereinafter referred to as a S-polymer) and having inorganic particles deposited on the surface, with a solvent to let it swell and to remove the inorganic particles from the surface, then, contacting it with a solvent which is a good solvent for the S-polymer and a poor solvent for the C-polymer to obtain a solid composed mainly of the C-polymer and a solution having the S-polymer dissolved therein, and recovering them by solid-liquid separation.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing emulsifiers can be removed from fluoropolymer dispersions by adding to the dispersion a nonionic emulsifier, removing the fluorine-containing emulsifier by contact with an anion exchanger and separating the dispersion from the anion exchanger. The resulting dispersions can be concentrated and used for coating applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process of reducing the amount of fluorinated emulsifier in an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion by contacting the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion with an anion exchange resin in a non-fixed resin bed, the process comprising: (a) mixing the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion with an effective amount of a surfactant so as to stabilize the fluoropolymer dispersion while being contacted with the anion exchange resin; (b) contacting the aqueous fluoropolyrner dispersion with an anion exchange resin by agitating the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion with an effective amount of anion exchange resin for a time of less than 4 hours to reduce the amount of fluorinated emulsifier in the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion to a desired level; and (c) separating the anion exchange resin from the aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion.

Abstract: Fluorinated emulsifiers can be recovered from an aqueous phase containing small amounts of fluoropolymer particles by treating the aqueous phase with a small amount of a nonionic surface-active agent, bringing the aqueous phase adjusted in this way into contact with an anionic exchanger resin, and liberating the adsorbed emulsifier from the exchanger resin. The finely divided fluoropolymer can be precipitated quantitatively in the untreated aqueous phase or the eluate using flocculating agents.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing emulsifiers can be removed from fluoropolymer dispersions by adding to the dispersion a non ionic emulsifier, removing the fluorine-containing emulsifier by contact with an anion exchanger and separating the dispersion from the anion exchanger. The resulting dispersions can be upconcentrated and used for coating applications, such as fabric coating and metal coating.

Abstract: A fire-resistant composite substrate for use in making structural openings fire-resistant, the substrate containing: (a) elastically compressible particles; (b) at least one heat-activated expanding agent; (c) at least one heat-activated binder; and (d) a diisocyanate adhesive.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the recovery of polymeric latices from whitewater. The process of the invention is an ultrafiltration process which utilizes a flat membrane run in the turbulent regime, or a vibrating membrane.

Abstract: In the operation of producing an alkylamino(meth)acrylate by the reaction of transesterification of an alkyl(meth)acrylate with an alkylamino alcohol, the alkyl alcohol by-produced during the transesterification is distilled in the form of an azeotropic mixture with the alkyl(meth)acrylate, the resultant distillate is purified with an ion-exchange resin and handled, on the other hand, the reaction solution is distilled to allow separation of the catalyst wherein is provided a method and apparatus for effecting, in the production of the alkylamino(meth)acrylate, the distillation under such a condition as represses the amount of in crease of the Michael adduct below 2%.

Abstract: Polymer is recovered by ultrafiltration from a whitewater waste stream generated during the production of a polymer latex. The whitewater stream is circulated through an ultrafiltration system in laminar flow, under conditions of shear insufficient to destabilize the whitewater emulsion, and the recovered polymer is in the form of an emulsion which may be blended at significant levels into the original polymer latex without degrading its performance properties.

Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous solution of a polymer having a phosphorylcholine group in which a polymerizable composition containing a polymerizable monomer having the phosphorylcholine group represented by the formula (1) is polymerized in the presence of a non-metal polymerization initiator soluble in a water-containing medium, to obtain a crude polymer aqueous solution, and the crude polymer aqueous solution is purified with a separation membrane, and an aqueous solution of the polymer having the phosphorylcholine group obtained by the method and having not more than 2000 ppm of impurities.

Abstract: To provide the method for concentrating an aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing polymer particles containing a surfactant, which is applicable to a fluorine-containing polymer such as PTFE being easily fibrilated and assures low energy, low cost and short term concentration only by using various kinds of surfactants in a small amount. The method for concentrating an aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing polymer particles containing the surfactant by feeding the aqueous dispersion of fluorine-containing polymer particles containing the surfactant in an amount of 2.0 to 8.0% by weight based on a solid content of the fluorine-containing polymer to a micro filtration membrane having a pore size of 0.01 to 1 .mu.m with aqueous dispersion feeding means which does not substantially generate shearing force and then removing an aqueous medium containing the surfactant from the aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: Rubbery polymers in hydrocarbon solutions are emulsified in aqueous liquids and converted to latices by partitioning the emulsion through a membrane of selective permeability to the hydrocarbon solvent relative to both water and the polymer, thereby removing the hydrocarbon solvent from the emulsion. The foaming that is often associated with removing hydrocarbon solvent from aqueous emulsions by conventional means is thus avoided. Membrane partitioning mechanisms that are useful for this application include those involving both nonporous and microporous membranes, those passing the solvent both as a liquid and as a gas, those drawing off the permeate as both a liquid and a gas, and various combinations of these methods.

Abstract: A poor solvent is used for removing low molecular weight components from a binder, which has weight average molecular weight within the range of 10,000 to 60,000, said poor solvent has a solubility parameter being different from solubility parameter of the binder by more than 1.3 and less than 2.3 and is a solvent such as acetonitrile having no active hydrogen, and a difference between solubility parameter of the solvent in the solution after mixing and solubility parameter of the binder is more than 1.0 and less than 2.0, said poor solvent is used for fractional precipitation, and the poor solvent being by 0.

Abstract: Multimodal emulsions comprising a blend of at least one polymeric microemulsion provide for high solids and low bulk viscosity. Convenient and versitale processes for preparing multimodal emulsions are also provided. Mannich (alk)acrylamide polymeric microemulsions are among the numerous different polymeric microemulsions which may be used to prepare the multimodal emulsions.

Abstract: The selectivity of ion exchange processes for the removal of lithium from acids is improved when weak acids such as citric and acetic, are used in the wash step. An added improvement is realized by a two stage process of contacting the acid solution first with an ion exchange resin functional to remove the nickel and aluminum compounds from the acid solution; and then contacting the acid solution with an ion exchange resin which is more selective to remove the alkali metal compound from the acid solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of treating natural rubber latex with protease and peptidase enzymes whereby protein allergens contained within the latex are degraded so as to be rendered non-allergenic to humans. The protein allergen-free natural rubber latex produced by the method and articles fabricated from the protein allergen-free product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Stable compositions as flocculants comprising a blend of at least two inverse emulsions, at least one of which is a polymeric microemulsion, provide effective flocculating performance over time. Methods for preparing stable emulsion blends use stabilizing amounts of aldehyde scavenger.

Abstract: Described are novel fluoride ion-releasing acrylic or methacrylic acid-based monomers, fluoride ion-releasing dental resin materials prepared from the monomers, and processes for preparing the monomers and dental resin materials. The monomers of the invention are prepared in good yield from readily available starting materials. Dental resin materials of the invention exhibit excellent sustained fluoride ion release.

Abstract: Described are novel fluoride ion-releasing acrylic or methacrylic acid-based monomers, fluoride ion-releasing dental resin materials prepared from the monomers, and processes for preparing the monomers and dental resin materials. The monomers of the invention are prepared in good yield from readily available starting materials. Dental resin materials of the invention exhibit excellent sustained fluoride ion release.

Abstract: An antibacterial resin composition comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of a styrene resin, (B) 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of an antibacterial agent and (C) 0.01 to 30 parts by weight of a compound having a specific functional group, and said antibacterial resin composition is excellent in antibacterial property and surface appearance of molded article and can give a molded article which can be applied to many fields.

Abstract: Natural latex rubber having reduced protein contamination is achieved by a method wherein rubber latex is contacted with an anion exchange resin at a pH greater than the isoelectric point of the proteins. After allowing the protein to complex with the resin, the protein-resin complex is separated from the latex to provide latex rubber having reduced protein contamination. Alternatively, or in addition, cation exchange resin may be contacted with latex rubber to increase the solubility of latex protein in the latex. In another embodiment, ion exchange resin may be added to water, and the water used to wash an article formed of latex, to thereby reduce protein contamination in the article. The methods allow the manufacture of latex-based articles having reduced irritability to skin.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for improving the water-whitening resistance of a pressure sensitive adhesive containing an aqueous latex emulsion and water-soluble ions by removing the water-soluble ions and adjusting the pH of the pressure sensitive adhesive formulation to at least about 6.0. The preferred method of removing the water-soluble ions is to contact either the aqueous latex emulsion, the formulated pressure sensitive adhesive containing the aqueous latex emulsion, or both with ion exchange resin. The product produced by the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic latent images obtained by passing a toner composition-dispersed phase comprising at least a thermoplastic resin dissolved/dispersed in organic solvents through a microporous body to form an emulsion in an aqueous solution which is to form a continuous phase, and then removing the organic solvents from the emulsion.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for the preparation of acrylamide. Acrylonitrile is treated through at least two purification steps in which acrylonitrile is brought into contact with a strongly-acidic cation exchange resin and then with a resin having primary and/or secondary amino groups or with activated carbon. The resulting acrylonitrile is subjected to hydration in the presence of a copper-base catalyst. The process of this invention can provide high-quality acrylamide even when acrylonitrile of ordinary quality is used, and permits preparation of a polyacrylamide suitable for use in the production of a coagulant having good water solubility or the like.

Abstract: A process for preparing ultrapure polymers (or solutions thereof) which contain at least 20% by weight of N-vinylpyrrolidone as copolymerized units and have a Fikentscher K value of from 10 to 45 by customary free-radical polymerization in solution and subsequent purification of the solution with or without drying comprises purifying the solutions of the polymers by separating off the low molecular weight impurities by means of ultrafiltration at from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. and from 1 to 80 bar.

Abstract: Polymer is recovered by ultrafiltration from a whitewater waste stream generated during the production of a polymer latex. The whitewater stream is circulated through an ultrafiltration system in laminar flow, under conditions of shear insufficient to destabilize the whitewater emulsion, and the recovered polymer is in the form of an emulsion which may be blended at significant levels into the original polymer latex without degrading its performance properties.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for improving the water-whitening resistance of a pressure sensitive adhesive containing an aqueous latex emulsion and water-soluble ions by removing the water-soluble ions and adjusting the pH of the pressure sensitive adhesive formulation to at least about 6.0. The preferred method of removing the water-soluble ions is to contact either the aqueous latex emulsion, the formulated pressure sensitive adhesive containing the aqueous latex emulsion, or both with ion exchange resin. The product produced by the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: Polymer is recovered by ultrafiltration from a whitewater waste stream generated during the production of a polymer latex. The whitewater stream is circulated through an ultrafiltration system in laminar flow, under conditions of shear insufficient to destabilize the whitewater emulsion, and the recovered polymer is in the form of an emulsion which may be blended at significant levels into the original polymer latex without degrading its performance properties.

Abstract: The concentration of hydrogen chloride in an aqueous suspension of a macromolecular chlorinated hydrocarbon containing said hydrogen chloride is reduced by contacting liquid phase of the suspension with a strong basic ion exchange resin containing exchangeable hydroxy groups or with a weak basic ion exchange resin.

Abstract: A metallic ion sorber capable of absorbing ions of a metal excluding iron and cobalt and a method of sorbing ions of a metal excluding iron and cobalt are disclosed. The sorber comprises an ethylene copolymer containing from 40 to 95% by weight of ethylene and from 5 to 60% by weight of at least one of aminoalkyl acrylate compounds represented by formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of from 1 to 4, and having a number average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 50,000.

Abstract: A process is provided comprising the steps of contacting a Group VIII metal hydrogenation catalyst residue containing polymer solution with a silicate, and recovering a polymer solution comprising less than 5 ppm by weight, based on the solution, of the Group VIII metal. In a preferred embodiment, the silicate is calcium silicate, magnesium silicate or diatomaceous earth.

Abstract: A process is provided comprising the steps of contacting a polymer solution which contains Group VIII metal hydrogenation catalyst residue with molecular oxygen, contacting the polymer solution with activated carbon, and recovering a polymer cement comprising less than 5 ppm by weight, based on the solution of Group VIII metals.

Abstract: A salt of 4-[3-[3-[ethyl-[3-(propylsulfinyl)propyl]amino]-2-hydroxyproproxy]-benzoni trile having the formula I ##STR1## with polystyrenesulponic acid, which is useful for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, process for the preparation of said salt as well as the use of said salt for the preparation of medicaments with action against cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: A metallic ion sorber capable of absoring ions of a metal excluding iron and cobalt and a method of sorbing ions of a metal excluding iron and cobalt are disclosed. The sorber comprises an ethylene copolymer containing from 40 to 95% by weight of ethylene and from 5 to 60% by weight of at least one of aminoalkyl acrylate compounds represented by formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; andn represents an integer of from 1 to 4,and having a number average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 50,000.

Abstract: The pigmented paint coating composition is based on a cationic free polymeric binder comprising a cationic free, functional emulsion polymer and glycoluril where the emulsion polymer are adapted to coreact to form a thermoset paint film, and said polymeric binder is combined with a low-cation opacifying pigment. The process comprises copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including functional monomers but excluding amine monomers, in an aqueous polymerization medium, to produce the reactive emulsion polymer. The emulsion polymer and the glycoluril derivative are treated with ion-exchange step to produce the cation-free polymeric binder.

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous, thermosetting coating composition substantially free of acid cure catalysts comprises a mixture of an ion-exchanged reactive function emulsion polymer and a glycoluril derivative adapted to coreact and crosslink the functional polymer where certain cations are added to the ion-exchanged mixture to provide a pH of the mixture between 2 and 5.

Abstract: The pigmented paint coating composition is based on a cationic free polymeric binder comprising a cationic free, functional emulsion polymer and glycoluril where the emulsion polymer are adapted to coreact to form a thermoset paint film, and said polymeric binder is combined with a low-cation opacifying pigment. The process comprises copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including functional monomers but excluding amine monomers, in an aqueous polymerization medium, to produce the reactive emulsion polymer. The emulsion polymer and the glycoluril derivative are treated with ion-exchange step to produce the cation-free polymeric binder.

Abstract: Plastisol molding compositions, especially those based on PVC polymers and/or copolymers, containing an acidic cation exchanger. Such compositions do not cause discoloration in use in comparison with conventional materials which lack the acidic cation exchanger.

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous, thermosetting coating composition substantially free of acid cure catalysts comprises a mixture of an ion-exchanged reactive function emulsion polymer and a glycoluril derivative adapted to coreact and crosslink the functional polymer where certain cations are added to the ion-exchanged mixture to provide a pH of the mixture between 2 and 5.

Abstract: An aqueous thermosetting protective coating composition cures by water evaporation followed by thermosetting crosslinking of the polymeric binder. The polymeric binder is ion-exchanged to remove cations and reduce the pH to less than 2.5 and comprises copolymerized ethylenic monomers including a beta-hydroxy ester monomer, whereby the polymer is self-curing by crosslinking by transesterification through hydroxy groups and beta-ester groups.

Abstract: A paint coating comprising a self-curing emulsion polymer having functional carboxyl groups or hydroxyl groups as well as alkylol acrylamide, but is substantially free of amine groups, where the self-curing emulsion polymer is ion-exchanged to render said polymer self-curing.

Abstract: A paint coating comprising a self-curing emulsion polymer having functional carboxyl groups or hydroxyl groups as well as alkylol acrylamide, but is substantially free of amine groups, where the self-curing emulsion polymer is ion-exchanged to render said polymer self-curing.

Abstract: The paint coating composition comprises a cationic free, functional emulsion polymer mixture adapted to be coreacted at room temperature with glycoluril to provide a cured thermoset paint film. The process comprises copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including functional monomers, but excluding amine monomers, in an aqueous polymerization medium, followed by ion exchange of the resulting reactive emulsion polymer. Preferably, the glycoluril is processed through an ion exchange step separately or in conjunction with the reactive emulsion polymer. The resulting polymers are useful as binders in ambient cure surface coating application.

Abstract: A hydrophilic film-forming composition which comprises a resin paint comprising a resin binder component and a paint vehicle with a solid ion exchange resin powder dispersed in the vehicle. A film produced therefrom has durable hydrophilic properties, and when combined with a suitable undercoat corrosion resistance is also improved.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene solution which is produced by the steps of subjecting a kerosene fraction having a boiling point of 160.degree. to 300.degree. C. to a nucleus hydrogenation treatment at a pressure of 30 to 100 kg/cm.sup.2 at a temperature of 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. in the presence of a metallic catalyst for nucleus hydrogenation of aromatic nuclei; separating and removing at least a part of n-paraffins present in the kerosene therefrom by the use of a molecular sieve made up of a synthesized zeolite in order to obtain a residual oil; fractionating the latter by a rectification apparatus to obtain a hydrocarbon mixture fraction which has a boiling point of 180.degree. to 250.degree. C. and which is substantially free from naphthalene and biphenyl; and dissolving, in the hydrocarbon mixture fraction, an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene having an intrinsic viscosity of 8 or more in decalin at 135.degree. C.

Abstract: The composition comprises a cationic free, functional emulsion polymer mixture adapted to be coreacted with glycoluril. The process comprises copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including functional monomers but excluding amine monomers, in an aqueous polymerization medium. The resulting polymers are useful in surface coating application generally as well as specifically for wood substrates.

Abstract: A one-component molding material based on polyisocyanato-isocyanurates and flameproofing and fireproofing agents, as well as optionally polyisocyanates, fillers and promoters is described which comprises 40 to 80% by weight of the isocyanurate of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 0 to 20% by weight of crude MDI and/or prepolymer of polyol and crude MDI and/or isophorone diisocyanate optinally in combination with further isocyanate groups containing compounds, 5 to 20% by weight of a fireproofing mixture mainly consisting of secondary ammonium phosphate, 0 to 50% by weight filler and 0 to 5% by weight promoter. This low viscosity putty-like mass which is cold-workable and is cured under the influence of moisture, especially at increased temperatures, is useful as construction material for many applications, especially for the manufacture of molded components and plate elements for the construction of land, air and water vehicles.

Abstract: An epoxy resin encapsulating composition for semiconductor packages consisting essentially of an epoxy resin adduct of epichlorohydrin and an aromatic hydroxyl-containing compound, and an inorganic ion-exchange solid material admixed with the epoxy resin adduct. The ion-exchange solid material is selected to have the capability of exchanging its mobile anions with the undesired chlorine ions which occur inherently in the package made from the encapsulating composition and are very likely to corrode the metallic conductor on the semiconductor to be encapsulated. The ion-exchange solid material is characterized to include antimony and bismuth as basic materials forming an ion-exchange network which carries the mobile anions to be substituted with the chlorine ions. This ion-exchange material also is found to be also effective for trapping undesired alkali metal ions, for example, Na.sup.

Abstract: Cloudy material in organic diluent solutions of macromonomers, prepared by anionic polymerization with a lithium initiator and termination with a halogen-containing terminating agent is removed by treating the polymer solutions resulting from the polymerization with an adsorbent selected from an alkaline earth metal silicate, an ion exchange resin, and a mixture of the silicate and ion exchange resin composition, separating the solid material from the solutions, and isolating the macromonomer.