Abstract: Disclosed are a synthetic resin composition for use as building materials such as window frames, as well as a product manufactured using the same. More particularly, the synthetic resin composition comprises a tetrapolymer of acrylic rubber-styrene monomer-butadiene rubber-vinyl cyanide monomer and a styrene-vinyl cyanide copolymer having a high molecular weight and a high degree of dispersion. Unlike products manufactured using prior polyvinyl chloride (PVC), building material such as window frames manufactured using the synthetic resin composition are recyclable, and thus can contribute to a reduction in the generation of hormone-disrupting chemical dioxin, which is released in the burning thereof. Also, the resin composition can be manufactured into products having excellent properties of weather resistance and colorability without using environmental pollutants such as cadmium stearate or lead stearate, which are used as thermal stabilizers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aromatic branched polycarbonate, produced via melt transesterification of a bisphenol with a diaryl carbonate in the presence of a branching agent, wherein the aromatic branched polycarbonate comprises branching point structures and structures of formula (D) wherein X is a single bond, C1- to C6-alkylene, C2- to C5-alkylidene or C5- to C6-cycloalkylidene, optionally substituted by C1- to C6-alkyl; wherein the amount of D in the aromatic branched polycarbonate is in the range of from 5 to 450 mg per kg of the aromatic branched polycarbonate; and wherein the ratio of the total branching point structures to the total structures of the formula D in the aromatic branched polycarbonate is in the range of from 8 to 200.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated polyoxymethylene moldings comprising at least one polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymer A), and also, if appropriate, further additives B), which has been coated on the surface with at least one binder C) and one formaldehyde scavenger D), wherein the binder C) used comprises a polyalkylene oxide C1 or a polyvinyl ester C2 or a graft polymer C3 composed of C1 and C2 or a mixture of these, and the formaldehyde scavenger D) used comprises at least one imidazolidin-2-one compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a treatment liquid including: at least one acidic compound selected from an organic acidic compound or an inorganic acidic compound; and at least one compound selected from a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound or an organic mercapto compound; wherein the treatment liquid has a pH of from 0.5 to 2.0 at 25° C. and the ability to aggregate particles dispersed in an ink composition including at least one colorant and particles of at least one polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are polymer compounds and a method for preparing thereof. More specifically, provided are polymer compounds with well-connected, narrow size distribution free-volume element and a method for preparing the polymer compounds by thermal rearrangement for aromatic polyimides containing ortho-positioned functional groups in the solid state.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ink composition and a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the same, wherein in forming patterns of the LCD device using an imprint lithography and a roll printing, an ink composition with high thermal resistance, consisting of polymer resin and additive both endurable even at a high temperature is used to form fine patterns with constantly maintaining pattern linewidths and line intervals, the ink composition consisting of 5-45% by weight of polymer resin, 5-45% by weight of additive added to retain thermal stability, and 50-90% by weight of organic solvent, wherein the ink composition is endurable even at a high temperature of 90-250° C.

Abstract: An asphalt enhancing additive, an asphalt cement and an asphalt mixture containing the additive, wherein the additive causes the mixture to be more easily workable so that the asphalt mixture can be manufactured at a temperature lower than the conventional ones, wherein the additive comprises the mixture of an aminic compound, a lubricant and a flux.

Abstract: “Frozen ionic liquid” microparticles and nanoparticles are disclosed, as are alternative methods of making the particles. The particles may be monodisperse or polydisperse, with spherical or other shapes. The particles may be prepared without specialized equipment, and without harsh conditions. The microparticles and nanoparticles have uses in biomedical, materials, analytical, and other fields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel flame retardant polycarbonate resin compositions comprising at least one aromatic polycarbonate resin, at least one anti-drip agent, and at least one salt as defined herein. The present invention also provides methods for preparing articles comprising said flame retardant composition, and articles made therefrom.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property of a non-electrification-prevented adherend (subject to be protected) upon peeling, and has reduced stainability in an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance, and electrification preventing pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets using the same. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.1 to 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid alkylene oxide. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.5 to 30% by weight of a nitrogen-containing monomer and having a glass transition temperature Tg of no higher than 0° C. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.

Abstract: Process for producing a dispersion of polymer particles in an ionic liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a colour stable thermoplastic composition comprising a copolyester elastomer; and a stabilizer comprising (i) an aromatic amine; and (ii) a di-substituted imidazoline, wherein the colour lightness (L*) of the composition is greater than 50. The invention also relates to the moulded articles produced from the colour stable thermoplastic compositions and the use thereof in automotive applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating formulation, a coating formulation for manufacturing an electrode plate and an undercoating formulation, and their use. These coating formulations are all characterized by containing, in a polar solvent, a hydroxyl-containing resin and an organic acid and/or a derivative thereof. The hydroxyl-containing resin is at least one of (1) a polyvinyl acetal resin, (2) an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, (3) a modified and/or unmodified polyvinyl alcohol, and (4) a cyanoethyl-containing polymer. According to the present invention, there is provided a coating formulation capable of forming a coating of excellent adhesion and solvent resistance on a surface of a metal material such as an aluminum material.

Abstract: A silicone fluid comprising a chromophore-substituted polyorganosiloxane having a formula (2): wherein x is an integer in the range of 60 to 2000; y is an integer in the range of 5 to 100; a ratio x:y is in a range of about 10:1 to about 20:1; and X is a photostabilizing chromophore.

Abstract: A functionalized elastomer defined by the formula where ? includes a polymer chain, ? includes a group 14 element, R1 and R2 each independently include hydrogen, or a monovalent organic group, or a polymer chain, R3 and R4 each independently include a divalent organic group or a covalent bond, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 each independently include a monovalent organic group or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of ionic liquids as flame retardants. The compounds of the invention may be used as flame retardants in various materials without causing damage to the environment and or health of humans or animals. Ionic liquid flame retardants maybe applied alone or in combination with traditional flame retardants. Ionic liquid flame retardants can be applied to finish textile, plastic, leather, paper, rubber, or as wild fire flame retardants.

Abstract: A method for improving thermal stability of an organopolysiloxane characterized by compounding an organopolysiloxane (A), which was polymerized with participation of an alkali-metal catalyst, with a metal deactivater (B); and an organopolysiloxane mixture composed of an organopolysiloxane (A) characterized by compounding organopolysiloxane (A), which was polymerized with participation of an alkali-metal catalyst, with a metal deactivater (B) used in the amount of 0.02 to 1 part by mass per 10 ppm of the alkali metal contained in component (A).

Abstract: Disclosed is a nonaqueous inkjet ink composition having excellent ink ejection stability, which does not clog a nozzle of a printer head portion when used for printing by an inkjet printer, thereby enabling achievement of a printed matter having excellent print quality. The nonaqueous inkjet ink composition is characterized by containing a pigment, a resin, a pigment dispersing agent, an organic solvent, and additionally a rust inhibitor.

Abstract: A novel indicator for plasma sterilization utilizes an azo dye which has been known and used for preparing indicator for ethylene oxide gas sterilization and indicator for heat sterilization, and which exhibits a quick change of color upon the cold plasma sterilization process using an oxidizing gas such as hydrogen peroxide, the change of color being indicated as a clear change of the color tone. The azo dye is used in combination with a compound containing a mercapto group or a dithiocarbamyl group therein as the compound capable of reacting with the azo dye upon the plasma sterilization treatment, and thereby bringing discoloration into the azo dye. Moreover, in combination with them, a polyhydric phenol compound or an aromatic carboxylic acid may be further used as antifading agent for discolored azo dye which is produced during the plasma sterilization process in order to stabilize the occurrence of discoloration.

Abstract: An asphalt enhancing additive, an asphalt cement and an asphalt mixture containing the additive, wherein the additive causes the mixture to be more easily workable so that the asphalt mixture can be manufactured at a temperature lower than the conventional ones, wherein the additive comprises the mixture of an aminic compound, a lubricant and a flux.

Abstract: The present invention relates to coated polyoxymethylene moldings comprising at least one polyoxymethylene homo- or copolymer A), and also, if appropriate, further additives B), which has been coated on the surface with at least one binder C) and one formaldehyde scavenger D), wherein the binder C) used comprises a polyalkylene oxide C1 or a polyvinyl ester C2 or a graft polymer C3 composed of C1 and C2 or a mixture of these, and the formaldehyde scavenger D) used comprises at least one imidazolidin-2-one compound.

Abstract: A method of reducing plate out onto metal surfaces of aqueous latexes and coating compositions, including paints such as traffic paints, the method comprising employing a composition comprising a triazole. The method produces less plate out onto process metal surfaces compared to coatings prepared from similar triazole-free compositions.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) an alternating copolymer composed of repeating units having alcoholic hydroxyl groups and represented by the following formula (1): 10 to 1,000 parts by weight of (B) an epoxy resin having at least two glycidyl groups per molecule, and 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of (C) a curing promoter. The composition is particularly suitable as a die bonding agent.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property of a non-electrification-prevented adherend (subject to be protected) upon peeling, and has reduced stainability in an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance, and electrification preventing pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets using the same. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.1 to 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid alkylene oxide. In addition, there is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.5 to 30% by weight of a nitrogen-containing monomer and having a glass transition temperature Tg of no higher than 0° C. Furthermore, there is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.

Abstract: This invention relates a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate and processes to produce the cellulose solution. Another aspect of this invention relates to shaped articles prepared from a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. Another embodiment of this invention relates to compositions comprising derivatives of cellulose prepared from a cellulose solution comprising at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. Another embodiment of this invention relates to compositions comprising regioselectively substituted cellulose esters prepared from a cellulose solution comprising cellulose and at least one tetraalkylammonium alkylphosphate. In another embodiment of the invention, the cellulose esters of the present invention are used as protective and compensation films for liquid crystalline displays.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition excellent in antistatic property of a non-electrification-prevented adherend (subject to be protected) upon peeling, and has reduced stainability in an adherend and excellent in adhesion reliance, and electrification preventing pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets using the same. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.1 to 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid alkylene oxide. In addition, there is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.5 to 30% by weight of a nitrogen-containing monomer and having a glass transition temperature Tg of no higher than 0° C. Furthermore, there is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.

Abstract: Disclosed are a synthetic resin composition for use as building materials such as window frames, as well as a product manufactured using the same. More particularly, the synthetic resin composition comprises a tetrapolymer of acrylic rubber-styrene monomer-butadiene rubber-vinyl cyanide monomer and a styrene-vinyl cyanide copolymer having a high molecular weight and a high degree of dispersion. Unlike products manufactured using prior polyvinyl chloride (PVC), building material such as window frames manufactured using the synthetic resin composition are recyclable, and thus can contribute to a reduction in the generation of hormone-disrupting chemical dioxin, which is released in the burning thereof. Also, the resin composition can be manufactured into products having excellent properties of weather resistance and colorability without using environmental pollutants such as cadmium stearate or lead stearate, which are used as thermal stabilizers.

Abstract: Vulcanizable elastomeric compositions and vulcanizates are prepared by employing a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The nitrogen-containing heterocycle is believed to enhance interaction between a silica particle and a silica-interactive compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment composition based on P.Y. 191 of the formula (1) containing 0.05 to 30 mol %, based on the sum of P.Y. 191 and a further yellow colorant, of at least one further yellow colorant of the formula (2) and/or of C.I. Pigment Yellow 100 in which R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, —CH3, —NO2, or NH—R6 where R6 is C1-C4-alkyl; R5 is methyl or carboxyl, and where the compound of the formula (2) is not C.I. Pigment Yellow 191.

Abstract: A first method comprises: dissolving a polymer in a terpene, terpenoid, or aromatic solvent to form a polymer solution; dissolving a salt in a polar organic solvent to form a salt solution; and mixing the salt solution and the polymer solution to form a mixture. The salt and the polar organic solvent do not cause substantial precipitation of the polymer upon mixing with the polymer solution. A resulting terpene, terpenoid, or aromatic solvent phase of the mixture is suitable for forming fibers by electric-field-driven spinning from one or more spinning tips onto a target substrate. A composition comprises the terpene, terpenoid, or aromatic solvent phase of the mixture resulting from the method. A second method comprises forming fibers by electric-field-driven spinning of the first composition from one or more spinning tips onto a target substrate. A second composition comprises the fibers formed by the second method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pressure sensitive adhesive composition characterized by containing an ionic liquid and a polymer which contains, as a monomer unit, 0.1-10% by weight of a (meth)acrylate with a hydroxyalkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms. The present invention provides a pressure sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property of a no-electrification-prevented adherend upon peeling, and has reduced staining of an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance. Also disclosed is an antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive sheet or surface-protecting film prepared using the composition. Also disclosed is an antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive sheet or surface-protecting film prepared using the composition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property of a non-electrification-prevented adherend (subject to be protected) upon peeling, and has reduced stainability in an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance, and electrification preventing pressure-sensitive adhesive sheets using the same. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.1 to 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid alkylene oxide. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.5 to 30% by weight of a nitrogen-containing monomer and having a glass transition temperature Tg of no higher than 0° C. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid, and a (meth)acryl-based polymer containing, as a monomer component, 0.

Abstract: To provide an acrylic rubber composition and a vulcanized rubber that ensure heat resistance of the vulcanized rubber, especially less changes in the elongation at break (EB) and hardness of the vulcanized rubber under heating conditions. An acrylic rubber composition comprising a carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber and, per 100 parts by mass of the carboxyl group-containing acrylic rubber, from 10 to 100 parts by mass of carbon black, from 0.1 to 15 parts by mass of at least one primary antioxidant selected from the group consisting of an amine antioxidant and a phenolic antioxidant and from 0.1 to 15 parts by mass of at least one secondary antioxidant selected from the group consisting of a phosphorus antioxidant and a sulfur antioxidant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antistatic, thermoplastic polyurethane comprising ethylmethylimidazole ethyl sulfate, to a process for production of antistatic, thermoplastic polyurethane comprising ethylmethylimidazole ethyl sulfate, and to the use of ethylmethylimidazole ethyl sulfate for the production of antistatic, thermoplastic polyurethane.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition comprising (A) a polyolefin-type thermoplastic elastomer or a similar thermoplastic resin, (B) an organopolysiloxane represented by the following average unit formula: R1aSiO(4-a)/2 {where R1 is a univalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and “a” is a number in the range of 1.95 to 2.05}, and (C) a metal deactivator; and a product molded from the aforementioned composition. The thermoplastic resin composition is suitable for obtaining molded products that are characterized by their ability to suppress development of defects on the product surfaces after long-term outdoor exposure.

Abstract: To provide a chloroprene rubber composition with which a vulcanized rubber having further improved heat resistance without impairing mechanical properties, the compression set and the tension fatigue can be obtained, and a rubber member for an automobile, a hose, a rubber molded article and a rubber vibration insulator comprising the vulcanized rubber. A chloroprene rubber composition, which comprises 100 parts by mass of at least one chloroprene rubber selected from the group consisting of a xanthogen-modified chloroprene rubber and a mercaptan-modified chloroprene rubber, and from 15 to 200 parts by mass of carbon black having a number average particle size of from 70 nm to 600 nm and having a DBP oil absorption of from 15 ml/100 g to 60 ml/100 g by oil absorption method A of JIS K6221.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, and more particularly, to an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive composition, which comprises (a) 100 weight parts of an acrylic copolymer, (b) 0.001 to 30 weight parts of an antistatic agent; and (c) 0.01 to 10 weight parts of a corrosion inhibitor, thereby being optically transparent, causing durability and reliability not to change, and simultaneously improving antistatic performance and preventing generation of corrosion although the adhesive composition comes into contact with a metal surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photovoltaic device comprising metal and a poly(vinyl butyral) layer that incorporates a suitable amount of 1H-benzotriazole. When electrical bias is applied to the photovoltaic device, 1H-benzotriazole forms a barrier layer at the metal/poly(vinyl butyral) interface, which, for example, unexpectedly virtually eliminated the yellowing of poly(vinyl butyral) in photovoltaic devices comprising silver components.

Abstract: A polysaccharide-based solid material including, in its mass, at least one active agent having bactericidal, fungal, insecticidal and/or flame-retardant properties, and at least one complexing agent and/or at least one polymeric matrix having a complexing agent. The active agent includes at least one compound selected from the group including boron, silica, aluminum, phosphorus, iodine, derivatives thereof, aluminosilicate derivatives, and mixtures thereof. The solid material is characterized by an improved stability and by reduced environmental impact, and makes it possible to prepare materials based on wood particles and woods having a particular resistance against environmental attacks such as moisture.

Abstract: Ionic N-containing compounds of formula (I), wherein the index n is the number 0 or 1 and R1 to R5 independently are hydrogen, C1-C25 alkyl, C3-C25 cycloalkyl or C6-C25 aryl, wherein the alkyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated, straight-chained or branched, and the cycloalkyl groups can be saturated or unsaturated, with the following stipulations: (1) when n=1, at least one of R1 to R5 must contain 8 to 25 carbon atoms, (2) when n=0, at least one of R1, R2, R3 and R5 must contain 8 to 25 carbon atoms, (3) the carbon atoms carrying R2 and R3 are linked via a C—C single bond or a C?C double bond, (4) when R1 to R5 are alkyl or cycloalkyl, a hydrogen atom linked to a carbon atom can be replaced with OH or NH2, or an —O—, —COO— or —NH— group can be inserted between two neighboring carbon atoms linked via a C—C single bond, (5) when R1 to R5 are aryl, a hydrogen atom linked to a carbon atom can be optionally replaced with C1-C12 alkyl or C3-C12 cycloalkyl, with the stipulation that the following applies to th

Abstract: Mixtures and light-emitting devices that incorporate such mixtures are disclosed in which a soluble phenyl-substituted poly(para-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) copolymer (“superyellow”) is used as the host light-emitting polymer and methyltrioctylammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, an ionic liquid, is used to introduce a dilute concentration of mobile ions into the emitting polymer layer. These mixtures and devices incorporating them are able to combine some of the characteristics of polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) and polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells (PLECs).

Abstract: A polyester resin component having crystallization improved and including a cyclic compound shown by a below-described formula and polyester capable of having a crystal structure: In the formula, each of ring A and a ring B is a benzene ring, and the hydrogen bonded to the benzene rings be substituted with other groups. Additionally, Y is —CONH— or —NHCO— and X is a heterocyclic group or a condensed heterocyclic group including one or more NH or CO.

Abstract: An addition-reaction-curable silicone rubber composition comprising: 0.001 to 5 mass % of a metal deactivator and 0.001 to 5 mass % of a curing-retarder selected from an alcohol derivative having carbon-carbon triple bonds, an enzyne compound, an alkenyl-containing low-molecular-weight organosiloxane compound, or an alkyne-containing silane; and a molded body produced by curing the aforementioned addition-reaction-curable silicone rubber composition. The addition-reaction-curable silicone rubber composition is capable of producing a molded silicone rubber body, which is obtained with low compression set without resorting to secondary thermal treatment.

Abstract: A composition comprising alkylthio- or aryl(heteroyl)thio-substituted p-phenylenediamine, its method of preparation, and its use as an antidegradant in natural or synthetic rubber.

Abstract: Hot-curing epoxy resin compositions are disclosed which firstly are solid in a hardened state at room temperature and secondly form an adhesion-free surface and are impact-resistant and can have high glass transition temperatures, above, for example, 110° C. An exemplary hot-curing epoxy resin composition can form separate phases on hardening, a continuous phase being formed by epoxy resins. If the compositions include a blowing agent, they can have excellent suitability for production of foams, such as structural foams.

Abstract: An ink jet ink composition comprised an anti-curl agent and ink jet printing processing using such ink jet ink composition. The ink jet ink composition includes a hyperbranched polymer. The hyperbranched polymer acts as an anti-curl agent to control curl during a printing process. The anti-curl agent, i.e., the hyperbranched polymer, may be present in the ink amounts less than conventional anti-curl agents and still effectively control curl without detrimentally effecting intercolor bleed control water fastness or drying. Additionally, the ink composition do not exhibit increases in viscosity, and problems associated therewith, that occur in ink composition using conventional anti-curl agents.

Abstract: A thermal ink jet ink composition includes one or more volatile organic solvents, one or more humectants, one or more binder resins, and one or more dyes. The one or more volatile organic solvents are selected from C1-C4 alcohols, C3-C6 ketones, and mixtures thereof. The humectants are present in an amount not more than 30% by weight of the ink jet ink composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a coated textile, which comprises treating a textile substrate with an aqueous liquor comprising (A) at least one hydrophobic polymer, (B) if appropriate at least one condensation product of at least one amino-containing compound and at least one aldehyde or dialdehyde and if appropriate of at least one alcohol, and thereafter with a further aqueous liquor comprising (A) at least one hydrophobic polymer, (B) at least one condensation product of at least one amino-containing compound and at least one aldehyde or dialdehyde and if appropriate of at least one alcohol, (C) at least one solid in particulate form having an average particle diameter in the range from 1 to 500 nm.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition in which electrification of a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet can be prevented upon peeling, and staining property on an adherend can be reduced, and an antistatic pressure-sensitive sheet and surface protecting film using this. There is provided a pressure-sensitive composition comprising an ionic liquid and a polymer having a glass transition temperature Tg of 0° C. or lower as a base polymer.

Abstract: A functionalized elastomer defined by the formula where ? includes a polymer chain, ? includes a group 14 element, R1 and R2 each independently include hydrogen, a monovalent organic group, or a polymer chain, R3 and R4 each independently include a divalent organic group or a covalent bond, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 each independently include a monovalent organic group or a hydrogen atom.