Ethylenic Material Contains A Nitrogen Atom And Is Other Than (meth)acrylonitrile Patents (Class 525/293)
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Patent number: 6187721Abstract: Soot in a lubricated diesel engine is effectively dispersed without adversely affecting the viscosity of the lubricant by using a particular lubricant. The lubricant utilized comprises a lubricant base stock (e.g. more than 75% by weight), a dispersant (e.g. from 0.2-less than 4% from a detergent inhibitor (D1) package), and a functionalized viscosity index improver (e.g. from 0.1-2.5% by solids weight). The functionalized viscosity index improver is a highly functionalized graft copolymer reaction product of an oxygen, a nitrogen, or an oxygen and nitrogen containing, ethylenically unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic monomer having from 2 to about 50 carbon atoms grafted onto a polyolefin copolymer. Also, 0-2.5% by solids weight of another viscosity index improver besides the highly functionalized graft copolymer reaction product may be added, as well as other conventional additives.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1998Date of Patent: February 13, 2001Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Irwin Goldblatt, Michael McHenry, Kenneth Henderson, Danny Carlisle, Niall Ainscough, Myron Brown, Richard Tittel
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Patent number: 6140425Abstract: A graft copolymer containing anhydride groups is made by (1) making a graft copolymer comprising a backbone of a propylene polymer material having graft polymerized thereto polymerized monomers selected from the group consisting of (a) at least one acrylic acid substituted with a 1-3 C alkyl group and (b) a mixture of at least one of these substituted acrylic acids and a vinyl compound capable of copolymerizing therewith, wherein the total amount of polymerized monomers is about 20 parts to about 240 parts per hundred parts of the propylene polymer material and the amount of the substituted acrylic acid is 60 mole % or more of the polymerized monomers, and (2) heating the graft copolymer to a temperature of about 170.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C. to dehydrate the acid groups in the graft copolymer to form anhydride groups.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 1997Date of Patent: October 31, 2000Assignee: Montell North America Inc.Inventors: Anthony J. DeNicola, Jr., Abuzar Syed
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Patent number: 6111025Abstract: A block copolymer of a hydrophobic block of one or more hydrophobic monomers and a hydrophilic block of one or more hydrophilic monomers is prepared by polymerizing a hydrophobic monomer to prepare the hydrophobic block, using a free radical polymerization process using a stable free radical agent, preserving a stabilized active polymerization site on the hydrophobic block; adding a hydrophilic monomer to the stabilized active hydrophobic block; and further reacting the mixture to effect polymerization of the hydrophilic monomer. The polymerization of the hydrophilic monomer is conducted in an amidic solvent in which the hydrophobic block and the hydrophilic monomer are soluble.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1997Date of Patent: August 29, 2000Assignee: The Lubrizol CorporationInventors: Daniel C. Visger, Klaus-Werner Damm, Richard M. Lange, Barton J. Schober
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Patent number: 6107410Abstract: The invention provides a cinnamic acid derivative having a novel spacer introduced into cinnamic acid which is photodimerizable, a cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative photocurable with high sensitivity and efficiency obtainable by introducing the above cinnamic acid derivative into a host polysaccharide such as a glycosaminoglycan, and a photocrosslinked cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative obtainable by exposing the same cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative to ultraviolet light irradiation.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: Seikagaku CorporationInventors: Michinori Waki, Kenji Miyamoto, Yoshihiro Motani
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Patent number: 6107451Abstract: A curable composition consisting of at least 2 components (a) and (b), wherein(a) is a liquid oligomer or polymer having a molecular weight of 200-50,000 and containing dicarboxylic anhydride groups, and(b) is a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein A is linear or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 alkylene, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkylene, C.sub.7 -C.sub.10 bicycloalkylene, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 alkylene containing one or more than one C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 cycloalkylene group or C.sub.7 -C.sub.30 bicycloalkylene group in the main or side chain, which cycloalkylene and bicycloalkylene groups can be unsubstituted or substituted by one or several C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl groups, and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently of each other C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 alkyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 cycloalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.24 -aralkyl, which cycloalkyl and aralkyl groups can be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more than one C.sub.1 -C.sub.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1998Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: CIBA Specialty Chemicals Corp.Inventors: Walter Fischer, Alex Wegmann
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Patent number: 6107257Abstract: A novel additive comprising a highly grafted, multi-functional olefin copolymer comprising a graft and amine-derivatized copolymer prepared from ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.23 alpha-monoolefin and, optionally, a polyene, wherein the copolymer of ethylene and at least one C.sub.3 to C.sub.23 alpha-monoolefin has grafted thereon from 0.3 to 0.75 carboxylic groups per 1000 number average molecular weight units of olefin copolymer and wherein the olefin copolymer has a number average molecular weight of between 20,000 and 150,000, and lubricating oil concentrates and compositions containing the same are provided.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1997Date of Patent: August 22, 2000Assignee: Ethyl CorporationInventors: Joseph J. Valcho, Mark Rees, Peter Growcott, Mark Thomas Devlin, Errol J. Olivier
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Patent number: 6100324Abstract: Disclosed are ionomers comprising functionalized polyolefins having fluoroalkyl sulfonate pendant groups and ionically conductive compositions formed therefrom by the addition of solvents.Type: GrantFiled: April 16, 1998Date of Patent: August 8, 2000Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventors: Susan Kuharcik Choi, Christopher Marc Doyle, Mark Gerrit Roelofs, Lin Wang, Zhen-Yu Yang
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Patent number: 6083888Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising:(a) from 0.01 to 10 percent by weight of a dispersant viscosity index improver linear diblock copolymer or a radial or star copolymer with each arm having an overall number average molecular weight of 7500 to 250,000 and comprising a block of a conjugated diene having a number average molecular weight of 5000 to 200,000 and a block of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon having a number average molecular weight of 2500 to 100,000, and a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon content of 5 to 50 weight percent, wherein from 5 to 10 N-vinyl imidazole functional groups per molecule have been grafted onto the copolymer;(b) from 5 to 20 percent by weight of a dispersant inhibitor package containing 40 percent by weight less ashless dispersant than is required for use with a non-dispersant viscosity index improver; and(c) from 80 to 95 percent by weight of a base oil.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1997Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Robert Jude Sutherland
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Patent number: 6080820Abstract: High-surface-area polyolefins grafted with certain fluoroalkylvinylether sulfonate or carboxylate monomers, and their method of preparation, are disclosed. Such materials are usefuli as catalysts and as membranes in electrochemical cells.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1998Date of Patent: June 27, 2000Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Edward G. Howard, Jr.
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Patent number: 6069205Abstract: The present invention is block copolymer of the formulas I and II(PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (I)X(PB).sub.y (PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (II)wherein PA is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and PB is a cationically polymerizable monomer that can be initiated with an alkyl halide or without catalysts, x is 4 to 500,000 and y is from 2 to 500,000 and X is a halogen atom. The present invention also provides a method for making a block copolymer of the formulas I and II(PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (I)X(PB).sub.y (PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (II)wherein PA is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and PB is a cationically polymerizable monomer that can be initiated with an alkyl halide, x is 4 to 500,000 and y is from 2 to 500,000 and X is a halogen atom. The reaction is initiated by an atom transfer radical polymerization of the PA monomer with an initiator to produce a polymer of the formulas (III) or (IV)(PA).sub.x X (III)X(PA).sub.x X (IV)wherein X is a halogen atom.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1997Date of Patent: May 30, 2000Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventor: Jin-Shan Wang
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Patent number: 6060556Abstract: This invention provides the composition, preparation, and end-use of waterborne crosslinking technology based compositions prepared from water-based latexes. The invention provides a water-based latex comprising dispersed, waterborne amino-functional polymer particles; dispersed, waterborne pendant-functional polymer particles; and water. The waterborne pendant-functional polymer comprises at least one pendant amine reactive functional moiety selected from the group consisting of carbonate, epoxide, isocyanate, isopropenyl, carboxylic acid, and allyl groups. In a preferred embodiment, a latex of the invention comprises dispersed, waterborne polymeric (polyamino)enamine (PPAE) particles; dispersed, waterborne pendant-functional polymer particles; and water. The PPAE is the reaction product of a surfactant-stabilized acetoacetoxy-functional polymer (SAAP) and a poly(alkylenimine).Type: GrantFiled: May 21, 1998Date of Patent: May 9, 2000Assignee: Eastman Chemical CompanyInventors: Martha Jean Collins, James Wayne Taylor, David Logan Murray
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Patent number: 6051656Abstract: An elastomeric acrylate copolymer which contains, as polymerized units, comonomers having chemically reactive groups is prepared for the preparation of molding materials having good weathering resistance, improved impact strength and good flow properties. This copolymer is dissolved or swollen in monomers such as styrene and acrylonitrile, forming hard graft shells. After the addition of monomers and/or polymers having chemically reactive groups and, if required, after the addition of a chemically reactive crosslinking agent, the resulting monomer/copolymer mixture is subjected to graft polymerization, which is carried out up to a conversion of more than 15% by weight of the monomers, by thermal or free radical mass or solution polymerization. The molding materials can be used as dulling agents for polymer blends.Type: GrantFiled: October 8, 1998Date of Patent: April 18, 2000Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Graham Edmund Mc Kee, Bernhard Rosenau, Walter Heckmann
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Patent number: 6034183Abstract: A process for preparing polymers having quaternary ammonium groups comprising polymerizing a vinyl monomer component containing a vinyl monomer having a tertiary amino group in the presence of a specific solvent, while quaternizing the tertiary amino group with a quaternizing agent, to produce the vinyl polymers having quaternary ammonium groups in the form of particles dispersed in the solvent, which is possible to easily separate the produced polymers having quaternary ammonium groups from the solvent without requiring a heating step for removing the solvent, and which can produce quaternary ammonium group-containing copolymers having a high content of a hydrophobic vinyl monomer. The quaternary ammonium group-containing copolymers obtained by this process are useful as modifier for plastics, permanent antistatic agent, bactericide or fungicide, chemicals for paper making and water treating agent.Type: GrantFiled: June 8, 1998Date of Patent: March 7, 2000Assignee: Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Tatsuya Okumura, Jiro Mizuya, Junji Shiigi
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Patent number: 6025444Abstract: The invention provides a cinnamic acid derivative having a novel spacer introduced into cinnamic acid which is photodimerizable, a cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative photocurable with high sensitivity and efficiency obtainable by introducing the above cinnamic acid derivative into a host polysaccharide such as a glycosaminoglycan, and a photocrosslinked cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative obtainable by exposing the same cinnamic acid-polysaccharide derivative to ultraviolet light irradiation.Type: GrantFiled: May 27, 1997Date of Patent: February 15, 2000Assignees: Seikagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Seikagaku Corporation), Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Michinori Waki, Kenji Miyamoto, Yoshihiro Motani
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Patent number: 5981665Abstract: A thermoplastic elastomer is achieved by absorbing an acrylate monomer, an initiator and eventually a diacrylate into polyolefin particles, after which the temperature is raised and the acrylate polymerises into the polyolefin and forms a dispersed phase, which has been functionalized by copolymerising a functional monomer together with the acrylate. As a compatibiliser a grafter polyolefin is used, which is melt-blended after the polymerisation into the thermoplastic elastomer or before the polymerisation into the polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: August 20, 1997Date of Patent: November 9, 1999Assignee: Optatech CorporationInventors: Torvald Vestberg, Viveca Lonnberg, Tommi Vainio, Kalle Hanhi, Harri Jukarainen
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Patent number: 5929172Abstract: A conductive graft copolymer is provided comprised of a polymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid ester backbone having grafted thereon pendant polymeric sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen-containing heterocyclic moieties. The conductive graft copolymer is particularly useful as a pressure sensitive adhesive.Type: GrantFiled: March 20, 1997Date of Patent: July 27, 1999Assignee: Adhesives Research, Inc.Inventor: Michael J. Zajaczkowski
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Patent number: 5925715Abstract: A dental cement system containing a photocurable ionomer, reactive powder and water undergoes both a conventional setting reaction and a photocuring reaction.The cement system can provide a long working time and can be cured on demand by exposure to an appropriate source of radiant energy. The surface of the cement cured in this manner is then hard enough to allow subsequent clinical procedures to be performed, while the ongoing chemical-cure "setting" reaction hardens the remainder of the cement.Type: GrantFiled: November 12, 1997Date of Patent: July 20, 1999Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventor: Sumita B. Mitra
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Patent number: 5912301Abstract: A graft-modified polyolefin resin is provided, which is obtained by preparing a aqueous suspension containing (a1) 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin, (a2) 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of a mixture of 1 to 1000 parts by weight of an unsaturated glycidyl ester to 100 parts by weight of a compound having a glycidyl group as represented by a general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Ar is an aromatic hydrocarbon group of C.sub.6 -C.sub.23 having at least one glycidyloxy group, and R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, (a3) 0.1 to 500 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer, and (a4) 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a radical initiator to 100 parts by weight in total of (a2) and (a3), to thus impregnate (a1) with (a2) and (a3), and polymerizing (a2) and (a3) onto (a1). Resin compositions containig the graft-modified polyolefin resin have not only well-balanced mechanical properties, but excellent moldability.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 1997Date of Patent: June 15, 1999Assignee: Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Kazuhiko Tamai, Shinji Ozawa, Kenji Kurimoto, Haruo Tomita
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Patent number: 5886105Abstract: In the preparation of a rubber-modified molding material, in a first stage, a first mixture (A) contains at least one alkyl acrylate or methacrylate (a) of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.2 is alkyl of 1 to 32 carbon atoms, a compound (b) of the formula (II) ##STR2## where R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R.sup.5 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.6 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen, and, if required, a first monomer (c) or a plurality thereof is polymerized with free radicals to give a rubber (B),in a second stage, the resulting rubber (B) is mixed with a second monomer (d) or with a plurality thereof, preferably dissolved or swollen therein, to form a second mixture (C), andin a third stage, the second mixture (C) formed by mixing is polymerized with free radicals to give the rubber-modified molding material (D).Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1997Date of Patent: March 23, 1999Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Graham Edmund Mc Kee, Hermann Gausepohl, Bernhard Rosenau, Walter Heckmann
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Patent number: 5874389Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing one or more of N-vinylimidazole, 4-vinylpyridine, or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen-containing or oxygen-containing graftable monomers grafted to a polyolefin copolymer is disclosed. The grafted polyolefin preferably has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000, a polydispersity of less than about 10, and an ADT value of at least about 8. The grafted polyolefin can be defined as containing more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer on a polyolefin, or as containing at least about 13 moles of graftable monomers per mole of polyolefin, or as having an asphaltene dispersancy test (ADT) value of at least about 8. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising a lubricant base oil and a grafted polyolefin as described above. Also described is a method of making a dispersant viscosity index improver.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1997Date of Patent: February 23, 1999Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
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Patent number: 5869576Abstract: Relatively low molecular weight Olefin/CO copolymers are graft copolymerized with vinyl monomers by the exposure of a mixture of a dispersion of the two to high energy radiation such as .gamma. ray radiation. Styrene is an example of a monomer useful in forming the graft copolymer. The graft copolymers are useful as waterborne glues particularly in the preparation of wood composites.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1997Date of Patent: February 9, 1999Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventors: Carlton Edwin Ash, Narayana Mysore, Pui Kwan Wong
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Patent number: 5859140Abstract: A method for producing branched polymerizates by radical polymerization of monomers in two stages comprisingin a first stage, adding 10 to 500 parts by weight of at least one monomer M.sub.1 and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a mercaptan with an olefinic, radically polymerizable double bond RM as a molecular weight regulator, and polymerizing said at least one monomer M.sub.1 and mercaptan RM to form a copolymer MM.sub.1 in the presence of at least one polymerization initiator and 0 to 100 parts by weight of an inert, non-aqueous solvent, which completely dissolves the monomer M.sub.1, the mercaptan RM and the copolymer MM.sub.1, where the polymerizable double bonds and M.sub.1 and RM have a reactivity, expressed by a copolymerization parameter r, between 0.1 and 10, andin a second stage, adding 10 to 2000 parts by weight of a monomer M.sub.2 and 0.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1997Date of Patent: January 12, 1999Assignee: Roehm GmbH Chemische FabrikInventors: Martina Pfirmann, Werner Siol, Klaus Koralewski, Michael Wicker
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Patent number: 5814586Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing at least about 13 moles of N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers per mole of a grafted polyolefin backbone is disclosed. The graft polyolefin has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000 and a polydispersity of less than about 10. The grafted polyolefin can alternatively be defined as containing more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer on a polyolefin. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising a lubricant base oil and a grafted polyolefin as described above. Also described is a method of making a dispersant-viscosity index improver. N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containingmonomers and a graftable polyolefin are reacted with enough of an initiator to graft at least about 13 moles of the monomer to each mole of the polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1996Date of Patent: September 29, 1998Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
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Patent number: 5798417Abstract: High-surface-area polyolefins grafted with certain fluoroalkylvinylether sulfonate or carboxylate monomers, and their method of preparation, are disclosed. Such materials are useful as catalysts and as membranes in electrochemical cells.Type: GrantFiled: October 15, 1996Date of Patent: August 25, 1998Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and CompanyInventor: Edward G. Howard, Jr.
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Patent number: 5783626Abstract: Provided are allyl-functional polymers having pendant enamine moieties and preferably also possessing pendant methacrylate groups. The presence of such groups in the polymer allows for a free-radical crosslinking reaction to take place during film formation and provides coatings having superior solvent resistance. Amino-containing waterborne particles can be prepared by reacting propylene imine with carboxylic acid-containing latexes. The amino-functionalized latexes are subsequently reacted at room temperature with for example acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate. During ambient and thermal cure studies, clear films exhibited significant increases in solvent resistance, gel fraction, and crosslink density.Type: GrantFiled: March 15, 1996Date of Patent: July 21, 1998Inventors: James Wayne Taylor, Martha Jean Collins
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Patent number: 5780546Abstract: A low organic emission composition comprising a di-alkoxylated bisphenol-A dimaleate urethane dimethacrylate hybrid resin, an alkoxylated bisphenol-A diacrylate or dimethacrylate, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and other vinyl monomers. The composition is useful in such applications as a substitute for prior art resins, such as polyester/vinyl ester based resins, typically used in fiberglass reinforced plastic applications.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1996Date of Patent: July 14, 1998Assignee: Aristech Chemical CorporationInventors: Joseph Pugach, Thomas W. Smeal, Ronald A. Andrekanic
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Patent number: 5776362Abstract: A sludge dehydrating agent which is excellent in storage stability and prevented from becoming water-insoluble during storage and hence can be distributed in the market securely by solving the problem of the conventional dehydrating agents comprising amphoteric polymers that they undergo deterioration and become water-insoluble when stored for long, thus becoming substantially unusable. This dehydrating agent comprises a copolymer composed of cationic vinyl monomer units, vinylic carboxylic acid monomer units and nonionic vinyl monomer units and a salt of a group IIA metal of the periodic table. Preferable examples of the vinylic carboxylic acid monomer include acrylic, methacrylic and crotonic acids, while those of the nonionic vinyl monomer include acrylamide and methacrylamide. The metal salts usable herein include those of mineral acids and organic carboxylic acids, and preferable mineral acid salts include calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1994Date of Patent: July 7, 1998Assignees: Kurita Water Industries Ltd., Sanyo Chemical Industries Ltd.Inventors: Shigeru Sato, Hisao Ohshimizu, Shinobu Kawaguchi
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Patent number: 5707445Abstract: An admixture for concrete comprising, as an essential component, a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing (a) a polyalkylene glycol monoester monomer having 110 to 300 mols of an oxyalkylene group(s) each having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, with (b) at least one monomer selected from among acrylic monomers, unsaturated dicarboxylic monomers and allylsulfonic monomers. When this admixture is used in preparing concrete, the resulting concrete composition undergoes little change in the slump for a lengthened time, so that the quality of the concrete composition can be easily controlled.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1996Date of Patent: January 13, 1998Assignee: Kao CorporationInventors: Fujio Yamato, Shuichi Fujita, Yoshiaki Tanisho, Kazushige Kitagawa, Haruyuki Satoh
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Patent number: 5705559Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing crosslinked resin particles which comprises dispersing a resin having both a water-dispersible function and a self-crosslinkable function in one molecule in an aqueous medium and then three-dimensionally crosslinking.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1995Date of Patent: January 6, 1998Assignee: Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroyuki Sakamoto, Kenshiro Tobinaga, Yasuyuki Tsuchiya, Hisaichi Muramoto, Yusuke Ninomiya, Keizou Ishii, Shinichi Ishikura
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Patent number: 5703170Abstract: A novel high performance pressure sensitive adhesive composition is provided comprised of a phase separated graft copolymer comprised of a polymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid ester backbone having grafted thereon pendant polymeric moieties such as polystyrene or poly-alpha-methylstyrene. The average number of carbon atoms present in the ester portion of the backbone ranges from 2.5 to 3.5. The composition is non-corrosive and has a low volatile content.Type: GrantFiled: January 17, 1997Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Adhesives Research, Inc.Inventors: Michael J. Zajaczkowski, Barbara A. Stutzman
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Patent number: 5693717Abstract: A method for producing branched polymerizates by radical polymerization of monomers in two stages comprisingin a first stage, adding 10 to 500 parts by weight of at least one monomer M.sub.1 and 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of a mercaptan with an olefinic, radically polymerizable double bond RM as a molecular weight regulator, and polymerizing said at least one monomer M.sub.1 mercaptan RM to form a copolymer MM.sub.1 in the presence of at least one polymerization initiator and 0 to 100 parts by weight of an inert, non-aqueous solvent, which completely dissolves the monomer M.sub.1, the mercaptan RM and the copolymer MM.sub.1, where the polymerizable double bonds of M.sub.1 and RM have a reactivity, expressed by a copolymerization parameter r, between 0.1 and 10, andin a second stage, adding 10 to 2000 parts by weight of a monomer M.sub.2 and 0.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1996Date of Patent: December 2, 1997Assignee: Roehm GmbH Chemische FabrikInventors: Martina Pfirmann, Werner Siol, Klaus Koralewski, Michael Wicker
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Patent number: 5668219Abstract: A process for the percolation leaching of minerals from a mineral-beating ore comprises agglomerating the mineral-bearing ore with an agglomerating agent of a cationic block copolymer having a polymeric segment and a block containing an ammonium cation optionally with a block derived from an acrylamide monomer, forming the ore/agglomerating agent mixture into a heap, and leaching the heap by percolation with a leaching solution for subsequent recovery of the minerals at an acidic pH.Type: GrantFiled: March 22, 1996Date of Patent: September 16, 1997Assignee: BetzDearborn Inc.Inventors: David M. Polizzotti, Wen P. Liao, Donald C. Roe
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Patent number: 5663126Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing N-vinylimidazole, 4-vinylpyridine, or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen- or oxygen-containing graftable monomers grafted to a polyolefin copolymer. The grafted polyolefin preferably has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000 and a polydispersity of less than about 10. The grafted polyolefin can contain more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer or 13 or more moles of graftable monomers per mole of polyolefin and have an asphaltene dispersancy test (ADT) value of at least about 8. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising such a grafted polyolefin. Also described is a method of making a grafted polyolefin dispersant viscosity index improver by adding the graft monomer or the initiator slowly during the reaction. The present reaction can optionally be carried out by providing a melted reactant composition in an extruder or other polymeric mixer.Type: GrantFiled: October 10, 1995Date of Patent: September 2, 1997Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
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Patent number: 5635565Abstract: A rubber-modified thermoplastic resin is obtained by polymerizing (b) an aromatic vinyl compound and (c) a vinyl cyanide compound in the presence of (a) a rubbery polymer, and in which the content of the component (a) is 50 to 85% by weight, the content of the component (b) is 5 to 48% by weight and the content of the component (c) is 2 to 45% by weight, and which resin has a Q value of 30.times.10.sup.-4 to 50.times.10.sup.-3 and a grafting degree of 5% by weight or more. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising the above rubber-modified thermoplastic resin and at least one other thermoplastic resin is prepared.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1995Date of Patent: June 3, 1997Assignee: Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hajime Miyajima, Tsugio Asakawa, Noriaki Ijuin, Hiroo Nakamura, Toshihiro Ogawa, Shinichi Kimura
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Patent number: 5589543Abstract: A hydrophobic polyurethane elastomer composition is disclosed containing a linear soft segment without pendant chain branched groups, wherein said polyurethane elastomer has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than -70.degree. C. and a moisture uptake of less than 1.0 wt. % after 24 hours of immersion in water at 70.degree. C., and wherein said polyurethane elastomer comprises at least one repeat unit containing said linear soft segment, which soft segment comprises a moiety derived from a polyol of the structure:X--[CH.dbd.CH(CH.sub.2).sub.n ].sub.m CH.dbd.CH--Xwherein X is a hydroxyl-containing moiety selected from the group consisting of --CH.sub.2 OH, --(CH.sub.2).sub.8 COO(CH.sub.2).sub.p OH and --COO(CH.sub.2).sub.p OH, wherein the functionality number of the terminal groups is 2.0, p is 2 to 12, n is 1 to 10, m is a number average value of up to 1000, and the weight of the polyol is from about 0.5 wt. % to about 99.5 wt. % of the resulting polyurethane elastomer.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1995Date of Patent: December 31, 1996Assignee: Amoco CorporationInventors: Howard B. Yokelson, Philip O. Nubel, Raymond T. Behrends
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Patent number: 5580933Abstract: Grafting chlorinated polyolefins with unsaturated monomers (acrylic, styrene, vinyl) in the presence of AIBN used as a free radical-producing trigger yields resins that can be used as solutions, dilutable in water as required, in order to produce films that are hard, transparent, glossy, and adhesive and which are prized, in particular, in the manufacture of compositions used for pigmented or unpigmented coatings such as paints, inks, and adhesive primary coatings.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: December 3, 1996Assignee: Elf Atochem S.A.Inventors: Christophe Verge, Alain Boone
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Patent number: 5578682Abstract: The present invention provides a post-polymerization process for modifying the molecular weight distribution of a polymer having a monomodal molecular weight distribution, which polymer normally exhibits a decrease in molecular weight when subjected to high shear mixing in the presence of a free radical initiator, to produce a polymer having a bimodal molecular weight distribution. The process comprises:(a) heating a mixture of the polymer, a polyunsaturated crosslinking agent and, optionally, a free radical initiator, to form a uniform mixture; and(b) subjecting said mixture to high shear mixing conditions until a polymer having a bimodal molecular weight distribution is obtained. In the more preferred embodiment, the shear mixing is conducted in the presence of a free radical initiator such as an organic peroxide and the crosslinking agent is a difunctional compound containing diallyl, divinyl or diethylenic unsaturation.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1995Date of Patent: November 26, 1996Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Donald A. White
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Patent number: 5576393Abstract: Polymer particles which are substantially spherical and have protrusions on the surface thereof, with such a particle size distribution that the volume mean diameter dv thereof is 1.ltoreq.dv.ltoreq.15 (.mu.m), and the ratio of the volume mean diameter dv to the number mean diameter dn thereof, that is, dv/dn, is 1.ltoreq.dv/dn.ltoreq.1.2, are prepared, and used as a component for a toner for use in electrophotography.Type: GrantFiled: May 26, 1995Date of Patent: November 19, 1996Assignee: Ricoh Company, Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Yamashita, Hiromitsu Kawase, Keiko Shiraishi
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Patent number: 5576394Abstract: The present invention provides a functional group-containing alkyl acrylate-butadiene-aromatic vinyl compound copolymer which is obtained from the following layers by emulsion graftlinking polymerization: an inner layer comprising polybutadiene or an aromatic vinyl compound-butadiene copolymer; a middle layer comprising an aromatic vinyl compound--an alkyl acrylate copolymer; and an outer layer comprising an alkyl acrylate--a functional group-containing vinyl compound copolymer. The functional group-containing alkyl acrylate-butadiene-aromatic vinyl compound copolymer can be incorporated into a PC/PBT alloy as an impact modifier, thus the impact strength of the modified alloy composition at room temperature and low temperatures can be increased effectively.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1995Date of Patent: November 19, 1996Assignee: Industrial Technology Research InstituteInventors: Cheng-Lung Chao, Juh-Shyong Lee, Feng-Chih Chang
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Patent number: 5556924Abstract: A photoreactive binder that may be used to enhance photospeed in either conventional plates or on-press developable lithographic printing plates. Briefly, a polymer of m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate is derivatized for vinyl group reactivity by reacting the isocyanate groups thereof with hydroxyalkyl acrylate. The resulting photopolymeric binder provides significantly higher photospeed than the non-reactive binder currently utilized in the production of conventional printing plates. The resulting lithographic printing plate also shows better durability (as manifested by longer run-length) and is more easily developed by the microencapsulated developers utilized in the present invention. As to the preparation of the photoreactive binders, the application discloses a method of copolymerizing m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 1996Date of Patent: September 17, 1996Assignee: Polaroid CorporationInventors: Maurice J. Fitzgerald, Frederick R. Kearney, Rong-Chang Liang, William C. Schwarzel
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Patent number: 5548024Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of polymers bearing reactive functional groups. More particularly, this invention relates to the preparation of polymers containing functional acetoacetate groups and then following the polymerization reacting the acetoacetate group with a functional amine to form an enamine.Polymers of the present invention have many uses including coatings, sealants, adhesives and saturant applications, and are most useful as solutions or dispersions in water or water-cosolvent mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: August 20, 1996Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Alvin C. Lavoie, Daniel A. Bors, Ward T. Brown
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Patent number: 5525662Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of polymers bearing reactive functional groups. More particularly, this invention relates to the preparation of polymers containing functional acetoacetate groups and then following the polymerization reacting the acetoacetate group with a functional amine to form an enamine.Polymers of the present invention have many uses including coatings, sealants, adhesives and saturant applications, and are most useful as solutions or dispersions in water or water-cosolvent mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1993Date of Patent: June 11, 1996Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Alvin C. Lavoie, Daniel A. Bors, Ward T. Brown
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Patent number: 5523008Abstract: A grafted polyolefin containing at least about 13 moles of N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically-unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers per mole of a grafted polyolefin backbone is disclosed. The graft polyolefin has a weight average molecular weight of from about 20,000 to about 500,000 and a polydispersity of less than about 10. The grafted polyolefin can alternatively be defined as containing more than about 1.2% by weight of grafted monomer on a polyolefin. Also described is a lubricating oil comprising a lubricant base oil and a grafted polyolefin as described above. Also described is a method of making a dispersant-viscosity index improver. N-vinylimidazole or other ethylenically unsaturated nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing monomers and a graftable polyolefin are reacted with enough of an initiator to graft at least about 13 moles of the monomer to each mole of the polyolefin.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1994Date of Patent: June 4, 1996Assignee: Castrol LimitedInventors: Frederick J. Boden, Richard P. Sauer, Irwin L. Goldblatt, Michael E. McHenry
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Patent number: 5514522Abstract: A photoreactive binder that may be used to enhance photospeed in either conventional plates or on-press developable lithographic printing plates. Briefly, a polymer of m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate is derivatized for vinyl group reactivity by reacting the isocyanate groups thereof with hydroxyalkyl acrylate. The resulting photopolymeric binder provides significantly higher photospeed than the non-reactive binder currently utilized in the production of conventional printing plates. The resulting lithographic printing plate also shows better durability (as manifested by longer run-length) and is more easily developed by the microencapsulated developers utilized in the present invention. As to the preparation of the photoreactive binders, the application discloses a method of copolymerizing m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1995Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Assignee: Polaroid CorporationInventors: Maurice J. Fitzgerald, Frederick R. Kearney, Rong-Chang Liang, William C. Schwarzel
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Patent number: 5512636Abstract: Agglomerating agent and method for use in heap leaching of mineral bearing ores. Cationic polymers alone or in combination with cement or lime are highly effective agglomerating agents in acidic or alkaline leaching operations. The cationic polymers are preferably graft copolymers, block copolymers or linear copolymers of acrylamide and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.Type: GrantFiled: September 6, 1994Date of Patent: April 30, 1996Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: David M. Polizzotti, Wen P. Liao, Donald C. Roe
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Patent number: 5502086Abstract: A water-absorptive contact lens obtained by saponification of a copolymer composed essentially of (A) from 1 to 30% by weight of a (meth)acrylate polymer having at least one polymerizable group per molecule on an average obtained by copolymerizing (a) an alkyl (meth)acrylate and (b) a monomer having at least two polymerizable groups per molecule, as the main components; (B) from 45 to 95% by weight of a fatty acid vinyl ester; (C) from 0.02 to 10% by weight of a crosslinking agent which is not decomposable by saponification; and (D) from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a crosslinking agent which is decomposable by saponification.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1994Date of Patent: March 26, 1996Assignee: Menicon Co., Ltd.Inventors: Haruyuki Hiratani, Keiji Sugimoto
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Patent number: 5494961Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of polymers bearing reactive functional groups. More particularly, this invention relates to the preparation of polymers containing functional acetoacetate groups and then following the polymerization reacting the acetoacetate group with a functional amine to form an enamine.Polymers of the present invention have many uses including coatings, sealants, adhesives and saturant applications, and are most useful as solutions or dispersions in water or water-cosolvent mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: February 27, 1996Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Alvin C. Lavoie, Daniel A. Bors, Ward T. Brown
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Patent number: 5484821Abstract: A novel photocrosslinkable polymeric system has been developed for processing into films having stable second-order nonlinear optical properties. In the present system, polymers bearing photo-crosslinkable chromophores, such as polyvinylcinnamate and are reacted with appropriately designed nonlinear optical molecules with the cinnamate or other photocrosslinkable functionalities for photocrosslinking at one, two or more points. The system can be poled and photocrosslinked in the poled state to yield a material with stable optical nonlinearity and large electro-optic coefficients.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1994Date of Patent: January 16, 1996Assignee: University of LowellInventors: Braja K. Mandal, Sukant K. Tripathy, Jan-Chan Huang, Jayant Kumar
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Patent number: 5483005Abstract: A process for preparing (meth)acrylate polymers with lateral non-linear optical chromophores and molecular weights of from 5000 to 500,000, comprises reacting polymers of (meth)acryloyl isocyanate in solution with D-.omega.-hydroxyalkyl chromophores of the formula (I) ##STR1## where D is an electron donor,A is an electron acceptor,R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 can be identical or different and are each H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each CN, NO.sub.2 or CHO or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, or R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, together form a fused-on ring,X is CH and/or Nandm is an integer from 2 to 11.The products are suitable for optical components in communications technology.Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1993Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Karl-Heinz Etzbach, Stefan Beckmann
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Patent number: 5475053Abstract: A molding composition based on an impact-modified thermoplastic A selected from ABS, ASA, impact-resistant polystyrene (HIPS) impact resistant polymethyl methacrylate, impact resistant PVC, polycarbonate, polyester carbonate, polyester, polyamide, polyphenylene ether, polyether ketone, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyoxyalkylene, polyarylene sulfide and also mixtures thereof containing a matting agent B composed of 30 to 80% by weight of an elastomeric grafting base B1 of 75 to 99.8% by weight of an alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical (B11), 0.1 to 5% by weight of a polyfunctional, crosslinking monomer (B12) and 0.1 to 20% by weight of a monomer containing one or more acidic groups, or 49.9 to 99.9% by weight of one or more dienes (B111), up to 50% by weight of a further ethylenically unsaturated monomer (B112) and 0.1 to 20% by weight of a monomer containing one or more acidic groups (B113), and 20 to 70% by weight of a graft sheath B2 composed of 40 to 99.Type: GrantFiled: June 13, 1994Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Norbert Niessner, Friedrich Seitz, Wolfgang Fischer, Norbert Guentherberg, Karl Ruppmich, Rainer Moors, Robert Weiss