Abstract: The present invention relates to a vinyl chloride-based polymer, a method of preparing the same, and a plastisol including the vinyl chloride-based polymer. The vinyl chloride-based polymer according to the present invention may exhibit high viscosity characteristics in a low shear region by having particle size distribution characteristics, in which particles having a relatively small particle diameter and particles having a relatively large particle diameter are distributed at a specific ratio, and may exhibit low viscosity characteristics in a high shear region due to small increases in viscosity and stress as shear rate increases, and thus, the vinyl chloride-based polymer may be easily used in a spray coating process. Therefore, the vinyl chloride-based polymer according to the present invention and the method of preparing the same may be easily applied to industries that need them, for example, vinyl chloride-based resin industry for paste processing.

Abstract: Piezoelectric compositions are provided wherein mechanical and piezoelectric properties can be separately modulated. Preferred compositions include resin blends that comprise: (a) a piezoelectrically active polymer and (b) a matrix polymer, methods of making, and use of such resin blends. Advantages of preferred resin blends of the invention can include high piezoelectricity, mechanical strength and flexibility, convenient fabrication process, and high sensitivity at high temperatures.

Abstract: The invention pertains to the field of PVC production. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for preparing a polymer including vinyl chloride monomers that are polymerized and grafted onto acrylic, styrene, and/or ethylene monomers polymerized in the form of an elastomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to functionalized interpolymers derived from base olefin interpolymers, which are prepared by polymerizing one or more monomers or mixtures of monomers, such as ethylene and one or more comonomers, to form an interpolymer products having unique physical properties. The functionalized olefin interpolymers contain two or more differing regions or segments (blocks), resulting in unique processing and physical properties.

Abstract: An ethylene (co)polymer of the present invention is a (co)polymer with excellent moldability and mechanical properties and either an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and an ?-olefin of 4 to 20 carbon atoms. The (co)polymer has methyl branches measured by 13C-NMR less than 0.1 in number per 1,000 carbon atoms and Mw/Mn measured by GPC not lower than 1.8 and lower than 4.5. The (co)polymer is either an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and an ?-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms. The melt tension (MT) and the swell ratio (SR) satisfy the relation; log(MT)>12.9?7.15×SR; and the intrinsic viscosity ([?]) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy the relation; [?]>1.85×MFR?0.192 in the case of MFR<1 and the relation; [?]>1.85×MFR?0.213 in the case of MFR?1. Such an ethylene (co)polymer can be usable for various molding applications and especially suitable for pipes.

Abstract: A novel polyvinyl chloride copolymer paste resin comprising a copolymer of a vinyl chloride monomer and a macromonomer of the present invention can be synthesized with high productivity, and can provides a plastisol having high gelation properties, storage stability, superior tensile properties in low-temperature working conditions and heat resistance.

Abstract: Methods are described for preparing graft copolymers from poly(vinyl chloride) or vinyl chloride copolymers comprising reacting these materials with sources of selected metal-centered free radicals in the presence of one or more monomers that can undergo free-radical addition polymerization. The metal-centered free radicals used are capable of abstracting chlorine atoms from the starting polymer to form C-centered radicals that add to the monomer(s) in order to start the growth of branches via a free-radical route. This method is an effective method for producing PVC graft copolymers, and can be used to produce PVC graft copolymers having novel compositions. The methods of the invention are particularly useful for providing highly branched PVC graft copolymers.

Abstract: The present invention provides an adhesive tape or sheet for application to skin, which is made of an adhesive composition containing an acrylic copolymer having a specific composition and a specific carboxylic acid ester, wherein the acrylic copolymer has a gel fraction adjusted to a specific range. The adhesive tape or sheet for skin of the present invention can be used for first aid adhesive plasters, surgical tapes, large adhesive plasters with a pad, dressing materials and the like.

Abstract: The preparation of allylated poly(vinyl chloride) by utilizing an allyltrialkylsilane in the presence of Friedel-Crafts acids is disclosed. The pendant allyl groups can be further reacted through various functionalization reactions to contain end groups such as epoxy and hydroxyl. Alternatively, an unsaturated group can be added to poly(vinyl chloride) utilizing a diene also in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts acid. These pendant groups can also be reacted to contain functional end groups such as hydroxyl and epoxy. In yet a further embodiment, the functionalized end groups such as pendant —OH groups of both the allylated and diene grafted poly(vinyl chloride) are further reacted with other monomers or polymer chains which thus results in a poly(vinyl chloride) chain having pendant monomers or polymers. These compositions are useful as compatibilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) and various other resins.

Abstract: The invention relates to homopolymers and/or copolymers containing <100 ppm coarse particles with a particle diameter of between 200 and 500 &mgr;m, to thermoplastic moulding materials containing said homopolymtrs and/or copolymers, to the use of the homopolymers and/or copolymers and moulding materials for the production of moulded parts and to the moulded parts themselves.

Abstract: There is provided an excellent impact modifier for a vinyl chloride resin. There is used, as an excellent impact modifier, a copolymer which is prepared by polymerizing 10 to 70% by weight of a monomer or monomers containing 60 to 100% by weight of at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate compound, an aromatic vinyl compound, a vinyl cyanide compound and vinyl chloride, and 0 to 40% by weight of the other monomer copolymerizable therewith, in the presence of 30 to 90% by weight of a hollow rubber particle of which glass transition temperature Tg is at most 0° C. and a void ratio is 3 to 90% by volume in a latex state, and which contains a cross linking agent in an amount of 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component monomer.

Abstract: A process for controlling the surface gloss of a molded composition of: (a) a polyvinyl chloride resin and (b) a graft copolymer comprising a discontinuous poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate) rubber phase and a rigid thermoplastic phase, wherein at least a portion of rigid thermoplastic phase is chemically grafted to the poly(alkyl(meth)acrylate) rubber phase, by regulating the cross-link density and thus the swell index of the rubber phase in the graft copolymer to at least about 8 to vary the surface gloss after extrusion.

Abstract: A graft copolymer composition and the preparation of the composition by living radical polymerization is disclosed. The polymerization reaction can be initiated at active chlorine sites on the poly(vinyl chloride) backbone in conjunction with a transition metal catalyst and an optional ligand. The graft copolymers are useful as, among others, compatibilizers for blends and alloys, as high heat distortion temperature poly(vinyl chloride) materials, as impact modifiers, and permanently plasticized materials.

Abstract: A grafted poly(vinyl chloride) having at least one pendant chain which comprises poly(&agr;-methylstyrene). The graft copolymer has only a single glass transition temperature of from about 100° C. to about 130° C. The poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(&agr;-methylstyrene) can be utilized as a high heat distortion poly(vinyl chloride) material, as the single glass transition temperature is considerably higher than that of homopolymer poly(vinyl chloride). The molecular weight of the pendant poly(&agr;-methylstyrene) chain is less than about 10,500 g/mol number average.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a process, which includes: graft polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in suspension in the presence of a core-shell impact modifier; wherein the core-shell impact modifier includes: a core including polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers; and a shell including crosslinked alkyl (meth)acrylate homo- or copolymers. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride molding composition modified with an elastomer-containing core-shell modifier, prepared by a process, which includes graft polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in suspension in the presence of a core-shell impact modifier; wherein the core-shell impact modifier includes a core including polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers; and a shell including crosslinked alkyl (meth)acrylate homo- or copolymers. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a plastic profile, which includes the above-noted composition.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition comprises a thermoplastic resin (A) and graft copolymer particles (B) having a hollow rubber portion and graft chain, in which a volumetric proportion of hollow part in the hollow rubber portion of the graft copolymer particles is 1 to 70% by volume. The thermoplastic resin composition contains the thermoplastic resin and the graft copolymer particles in a weight ratio (A)/(B) of 2/98 to 100/1. The hollow part in the graft copolymer particle functions to further improve impact resistance.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a process, which includes:

Abstract: An emulsion polymer comprising as one of its components a graft copolymer of a residual aromatic monomer-free support resin polymer and a vinyl chloride (co)polymer is disclosed. The emulsion polymer is prepared using a two-stage process. In the first stage, a chasing monomer is reacted in the presence of a support resin polymer having at least one aromatic monomer to form an polymer which is free of residual monomer and has monomeric units derived from the aromatic monomer(s). In a second stage, the vinyl chloride emulsion (co)polymer is made in situ in a reaction mixture comprising the polymer which is free of residual monomer. An extensive grafting at the second stage yields a novel water dispersible graft copolymer containing both styrene and vinyl chloride.

Abstract: Filled compositions having good low temperature impact performance made from a thermoplastic (e.g., a polyolefin such as polypropylene) and either at least one linear ethylene/C.sub.5 -C.sub.20 .alpha.-olefin or at least one substantially linear ethylene/C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 .alpha.-olefin polymer are disclosed. The compositions are easily molded and have particular utility in making automotive facia, parts and other household articles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to vinyl chloride copolymers, in the latex form, the particles of which are composed of a core, of an outer layer and optionally of an intermediate layer. It also relates to the process for the manufacture of this latex by seeded miscosuspension polymerization and to its applications in paints and plastisols.

Abstract: Batch inclusion packages made from films and film structures are disclosed. The films and film structures have at least one layer of at least one substantially linear ethylene/.alpha.-olefin polymer. The batch inclusion packages are useful in wrapping or containing various materials, such as carbon black, titanium dioxide, and rubber compounding ingredients.

Abstract: A pressure-sensitive adhesive composition comprising an ethylene-vinyl chloride polymer containing at least 40% by weight of the polymer of vinyl-acetate to serve as a permanent pressure-sensitive adhesive for bonding front materials to plasticizer vinyl and other substrates.

Abstract: Graft and core-shell copolymers are provided which are useful as binders and are prepared from a peroxy-containing copolymer phase a) wherein the copolymer phase contains 0.01 to 20% by weight of residues of an olefinically di-unsaturated peroxy compound and from 80 to 99.99% by weight of residues of at least one comonomer and a polymer phase b) grafted thereon which is obtained by grafting one or more monomers. A process for preparing the copolymers is also provided.

Abstract: Filled compositions having good low temperature impact performance made from a thermoplastic (e.g., a polyolefin such as polypropylene) and either at least one linear ethylene/C.sub.5 -C.sub.20 .alpha.-olefin or at least one substantially linear ethylene/C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 .alpha.-olefin polymer are disclosed. The compositions are easily molded and have particular utility in making automotive facia, parts and other household articles.

Abstract: Grafted polymer particles are prepared by a free-radical addition polymerization mechanism using a flame produced by igniting a mixture of a combustible gas and an oxidant to heat at least a portion of the surface of a solid polymer particle to produce free-radicals thereon. At least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer is contacted and reacted with the free-radicals formed on the surface of the polymer to form a graft thereon.

Abstract: This invention provides for curable and graft-cured polymer compositions prepared from a mixture comprising:a) an elastomeric copolymer containing from about 0.01 up to about 10 mole % of Y ester groups randomly distributed along and pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, said Y ester groups having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group containing 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 28 carbon atoms, an aryl group and an alkenyl group containing from 2 to about 28 carbon atoms; andb) at least one free radically polymerizable monomer. The invention also provides for a process for preparing graft-cured polymer compositions comprising forming the above recited mixture of (a) and (b) and subjecting said mixture to free radical polymerization conditions. The Y ester groups pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, e.g.

Abstract: Polyblend molding compositions, well adopted for the production of flame-resistant and adhesively integral composite shaped articles, are formulated from particulates of (a) at least one vinyl chloride polymer, (b) at least one polyolefin, and (c) at least one .alpha.-monoolefin terpolymer having a vinyl chloride polymer grafted to the backbone thereof.

Abstract: Adhesive beads comprise a core comprising a pressure sensitive adhesive material and an essentially discontinuous organic polymer disposed about the core. The beads are free-flowing at room temperature. Upon application of heat and/or pressure the core is activated and blends with the coating to provide a pressure sensitive adhesive.

Abstract: A multistaged polymer containing a hydrophilic core fully encapsulated with a hydrophobic shell without a tiecoat layer is disclosed. A method is also disclosed for encapsulating hydrophilic polymers including the steps of:(1) emulsion polymerizing a hydrophilic core polymer from about 5% by weight to about 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of a hydrophilic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from 0% by weight to about 95% by weight, based on the total weight of the core polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer;(2) emulsion polymerizing, in the presence of the core polymer, at least one shell polymer from about 90% by weight to about 99.9% by weight, based on the total weight of shell polymer, of at least one nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer and from about 0.

Abstract: A multi-shell emulsion particle of dry state structure having one or more of penetrating pore(s) connecting the surface layer of the particle with the interior of the particle and having a particle diameter of from 0.1 to 5.0.mu. preferably from 0.1 to 1.2.mu..

Abstract: Graft copolymers are disclosed which comprise an olefin borane-containing homopolymer or copolymer backbone polymer having radically polymerized polymeric segments chemically bonded as side chains or as a chain end. A borane-containing diene homopolymer or a copolymer of a diene and/or at least one alpha-olefin having from about 2 to 22 carbon atoms copolymerized with another monomer containing organoborane functional groups can be used as a backbone polymer to prepare the graft copolymers of the present invention. Under oxidation conditions, the borane group becomes the reaction site for the radical polymerization and copolymerization. Radical polymerizable monomers, such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile and the like, can be polymerized to yield high molecular weight graft copolymer. By this synthetic route, high graft efficiency is observed with only a very low concentration of homopolymer being produced.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of a graft copolymer latex of core/shell dispersion particles having improved phase binding between core and shell in a two-stage emulsion polymerization process, hydroperoxide groups being produced at the particle surface of the grafting base prior to grafting by hydrogen peroxide treatment.

Abstract: Multifunctional viscosity index improvers for lubricating oils containing an EPM or EPDM polymer with pendant thiazoline units.

Abstract: A syndiotactic graft copolymer is here disclosed in which a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is grafted on a propylene homopolymer or copolymer, and this graft copolymer is obtained by heating a homopolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene or a copolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene and another .alpha.-olefin and a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an unsaturated silane in the presence of a radical initiator up to the decomposition temperature or more of the radical initiator. This kind of graft copolymer can be used as a composition for adhesion. The graft copolymer in which the radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is a hydrolyzable unsaturated silane can be converted into a crosslinked polymer by heating in the presence of water, and it can also be converted into a water-crosslinkable resin composition by adding various additive thereto.

Abstract: A syndiotactic graft copolymer is here disclosed in which a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is grafted on a propylene homopolymer or copolymer, and this graft copolymer is obtained by heating a homopolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene or a copolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene and another .alpha.-olefin and a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an unsaturated silane in the presence of a radical initiator up to the decomposition temperature or more of the radical initiator. This kind of graft copolymer can be used as a composition for adhesion. The graft copolymer in which the radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is a hydrolyzable unsaturated silane can be converted into a crosslinked polymer by heating in the presence of water, and it can also be converted into a water-crosslinkable resin composition by adding various additive thereto.

Abstract: A composite for moldings having the high bending elastic modulus and the high bending strength, comprising a thermoplastic resin and a polymerizable monomer which is a multifunctional polymerizable monomer having an alicyclic strucure unit or a mixture consisting of a multifunctional polymerizable monomer having an alicyclic strucure unit and a monofunctional polymerizable monomer having at least two alicyclic structure units, is prepared by compounding them. Also, a composite for moldings having the high bending elastic modulus and the high bending strength, comprising a vinyl chloride resin, a (meth)acrylate monomer which is a multifunctional (meth)acrylate or a mixture consisting of a multifunctional (meth)acrylate and a monofunctional (meth)acrylate, and a polymerization initiator. The composite has good workability. Further, an unfluid precursor for moldings is prepared by heating the composite.

Abstract: A method for producing a graft-modified copolymer comprising the step of subjecting 100 parts by weight of an unsaturated copolymer comprising an .alpha.-olefin of 3 to 12 carbon atoms and a cyclic olefin represented by the following formula (I), and 0.1 to 300 parts by weight of a radically polymerizable monomer to the radical polymerization conditions: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.2-5 alkylidene group or a C.sub.2-5 alkenyl group, R.sup.2 is a C.sub.1-5 hydrocarbon radical or H, and n is 0, 1 or 2.The graft-modified copolymer is imparted with various properties which are attributed to the polymer chain formed from the radically polymerizable monomer, without the excellent properties inherent in an .alpha.-olefin polymer being impaired. The copolymer is excellent in compatibility with other resins.

Abstract: A syndiotactic graft copolymer is here disclosed in which a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is grafted on a propylene homopolymer or copolymer, and this graft copolymer is obtained by heating a homopolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene or a copolymer having a substantially syndiotactic structure of propylene and another .alpha.-olefin and a radical polymerizable unsaturated compound such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an unsaturated silane in the presence of a radical initiator up to the decomposition temperature or more of the radical initiator. This kind of graft copolymer can be used as a composition for adhesion. The graft copolymer in which the radical polymerizable unsaturated compound is a hydrolyzable unsaturated silane can be converted into a crosslinked polymer by heating in the presence of water, and it can also be converted into a water-crosslinkable resin composition by adding various additive thereto.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a finely divided vinyl chloride graft copolymer and to the use of this product as a viscosity-reducing agent for plastisols.

Abstract: Process for preparing a graft copolymer having a high graft copolymer fraction which comprises subjecting a monomer to a polymerization initiation condition resulting from the reaction of a halogen-containing polymer with a combination of a reducing agent and a phase transfer catalyst such as an onium compound thereby to polymerize said monomer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polyvinyl chloride resin powder composition for rotational molding, which is prepared by dry-blending a plasticizer and a stabilizer with a polyvinyl chloride resin followed by incorporating from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin, of a finely divided polyvinyl chloride resin having a viscosity average polymerization degree of from 2000 to 5000 into the resulting dry blend. Also disclosed is a method of producing a molded article by subjecting the composition to rotational molding. The composition has good powder flowability for rotational molding, and the molded article from the composition is free from pin holes and blocks on the surface thereof.

Abstract: An oxidized halogenated polymer is prepared by a process comprising (a) forming an admixture of an acidic oxidizing agent and a suspension of a particulate halogenated polymer in a polar liquid; (b) heating the admixture to a temperature sufficient to initiate the reaction between the polymer and the oxidizing agent; and (c) continuing the reaction until an oxidized polymer having a preselected extent of oxidation is obtained. At least one addition polymerizable compound is, optionally, grafted to the oxidized halogenated polymer. The oxidized halogenated polymer and graft copolymers thereof have physical properties different from the halogenated polymer and graft copolymers thereof. Certain graft copolymers are non-caking or free flowing.

Abstract: A method for preparing a polyolefine--vinyl polymer composite, wherein about 10-200 parts by weight of vinyl monomer and about 0.01-4.0 parts by weight of a free radical polymerization initiator, based on 100 parts by weight of vinyl monomer, are impregnated in 100 parts of weight of polyolefine particles by slowly mixing these at a temperature of about 20.degree.-130.degree. C. while maintaining the particle structure of the polyolefine. After 50-99% of the amount of the monomer has been absorbed into the polyolefine particles, a water suspension is prepared by adding to the above-mentioned mixture about 80-1000 parts by weight water, based on 100 parts of weight of polyolefine+vinyl monomer, as well as a stabilizing agent. The temperature of the water suspension is then increased for polymerizing the vinyl monomer.

Abstract: Polyolefin graft copolymers are disclosed which comprise a polyolefin homopolymer or copolymer backbone polymer having a plurality of free radically polymerized polymeric segments chemically bonded as side chains. It has been found that the use of a borane-containing polyolefin comprising a copolymer of at least one alpha-olefin having from about 2 to 22 carbon atoms copolymerized with another monomer containing organoborane functional groups can be used as a backbone polymer to prepare the graft copolymers of the present invention. Under oxidation conditions, the borane group becomes the reaction site for the free radical polymerization and copolymerization. Numerous free radical polymerizable monomers, such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile and the like, can be polymerized to yield high molecular weight graft copolymers. By this synthetic route, high graft efficiency is observed with only a very low concentration of homopolymer being produced.

Abstract: A methacrylimide-containing polymer comprising a polymer (A) comprised of 5-100 weight % of units represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is H or a C1-20 hydrocarbon group, and 0-95 weight % of units derived from an ethylenic monomer, wherein a polymer derived from at least one ethylenic monomer has been grafted onto the polymer (A). The methacrylimide-containing polymer is used as a blend with another thermoplastic polymer.

Abstract: A crosslinkable resin composition containing:(A) from 10% to 90% by weight of a thermoplastic resin component,(B) from 90% to 10% by weight of a curable resin component, comprising, expressed by reference to the curable resin (100%),(i) 50% to 95% of a (meth)acryloyl derivative, and(ii) 50% to 5% of a (meth)allyloxy derivative, and(C) from 0% to 30% by weight of a plasticiser for the thermoplastic resin component, is disclosed.Also a new crosslinked resin layer and a process for the manufacture of the new crosslinked resin layer on a substrate are described.The crosslinked resin layer herein exhibits a desirable balance between flexibility, resistance to stain and resistance to scuff properties, in combination with outstanding mechanical and chemical properties.The crosslinkable resin composition is particularly suitable for coating application of various substrates such as flooring materials, wall covering materials, coils, wires, and various shaped articles e.g. cars, containers and metallic profiles.

Abstract: Both a system and method are provided for remotely heating a polymeric material to a selected temperature. The system generally comprises particulate ferromagnetic material dispersed throughout the polymeric material to form a composite, wherein the particulate material has a Curie temperature that corresponds to the selected heating temperature, and a source of microwave energy for remotely applying a beam of microwave energy to the polymeric composite material. Preferably, the particulate ferromagnetic material comprises only about 2 percent of the total composite by weight. The polymeric material may be compliant, thermosettable plastic, and the Curie temperature of the particulate ferromagnetic material dispersed therein may advantageously be above the curing temperature of the polymer, such that the beam from the source of microwave energy may be used to remotely join surfaces or construct joints in composite structures.

Abstract: Matte vinyl chloride polymers are prepared by suspension polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer or a vinyl monomer mixture mainly comprising vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of (A) a polyfunctional monomer having at least two ethylenic double bonds in a molecule and (B) a polymeric matting agent containing 3 to 25% by weight of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble gel fraction. The polymers are effectively moldable and present uniform matte effect.

Abstract: This invention relates to a two stage aqueous emulsion polymerization process for making graft copolymers. In the first stage, at least one first ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of at least one mercapto-olefin compound to form a macromonomer with terminal functional groups. In the second stage, at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer is polymerized in the presence of the macromonomer such that a copolymer is formed with a backbone of polymerized units of the at least one second ethylenically unsaturated monomer and side chains of the macromonomer.