Abstract: A process for the production of modified phenol-aldehyde resins includes the use of a modifier selected from melamine, urea, and other suitable nonvolatile organic compounds. The phenolic component of the resins preferably includes a difunctional phenolic compound. The inventive resins resist precuring and are particularly useful in blowline blending procedures.

Abstract: The present invention discloses novolacs and thermosets thereof containing mesogenic moieties. Certain of said novolacs and thermosets thereof exhibit nonlinear optical properties upon orientation.

Abstract: A polyhydroxystyrene having a 2,4-diamino-s-triazinyl group substituted for 1-50 mol % of its hydroxyl group and a weight average molecular weight of 3,000-50,000 is provided. A negative radiation-sensitive resist composition comprising the polymer, preferably along with a photo-acid generator and a crosslinking agent has high resolution and developability, affords a resist pattern of rectangular profile, and is shelf stable. The composition is thus very useful as resist material for LSI manufacture.

Abstract: Novel bisoxazoline monomers and novel bisoxazoline-novolak thermoset polymeric systems made therewith which have increased flame resistance.

Abstract: Sand compositions containing a binder composition and a curing agent, in which the binder composition comprises (a) a binder comprising an acid-curable resin and (b) from 0.5 to 63.0% by weight, based on the binder composition, of at least one curing accelerator selected from compounds represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1, X.sub.2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group;exhibit an increased curing rate to provide a casting mold having an increased initial strength.

Abstract: In the method described, one or more halogen-free phosphorus compounds are incorporated in the precondensed resins before the final resin-curing stage. During final curing, the phosphorus compounds are bound by covalent bonds into the resin structure and/or are trapped in the resin structure as such or in the form of aggregates or condensates.

Abstract: Curable furan resins modified with phenolic resins for use as binders for cements and coating compositions having improved thermal stability, processes for their preparation and their use.Preparation of curable furan resins modified with phenolic resins based on condensation products of alkylidenepolyphenols of the novolak type with furfuryl alcohol or mixtures thereof with other reactive furan derivatives, furthermore curable solutions thereof in reactive organic solvents, processes for their preparation and their use as binders having improved thermal stability for preparing self-curing, chemically resistant and high-temperature-resistant cements and coating compositions.

Abstract: Novel aminoplast anchored UV stabilizers are provided. Compared to unanchored stabilizers, the anchored stabilizers disclosed herein have increased compatibility with coating resins and have reduced volatility due to higher molecular weights resulting from anchoring. A process for preparing the anchored stabilizers by the reaction of unanchored stabilizers with alkoxymethylated aminoplasts in a sulfuric acid medium is also provided. The unanchored stabilizers include 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)-4,6-diaryl-1,3,5-triazines, salicylic acid derivatives, 2-hydroxyoxanilides, and blocked derivatives thereof as well as mixtures of two or more stabilizers. The aminoplasts include alkoxymethylated derivatives of glycolurils, melamines, and benzoguanamines.

Abstract: Novel aminoplast anchored UV stabilizers are provided. Compared to unanchored stabilizers, the anchored stabilizers disclosed herein have increased compatibility with coating resins and have reduced volatility due to higher molecular weights resulting from anchoring. A process for preparing the anchored stabilizers by the reaction of unanchored stabilizers with alkoxymethylated aminoplasts in a sulfuric acid medium is also provided. The unanchored stabilizers include 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)benzotriazoles, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, 2-(2-hydroxyaryl)-4,6-diaryl-1,3,5-tri-azines, salicylic acid derivatives, 2-hydroxyoxanilides, and blocked derivatives thereof as well as mixtures of two or more stabilizers. The aminoplasts include alkoxymethylated derivatives of glycolurils, melamines, and benzoguanamines.

Abstract: A phenolic resin composition comprises a mixture of 100 parts by weight of a phenol aralkyl resin and 5 to 60 parts by weight of a novolak type phenolic resin having a content of binuclear components of not more than 10% by area, and a content of trinuclear components of not less than 50% by area and a sum content of tri- and tetra-nuclear components of 75% by area based on the total novolak phenolic resin except for the binuclear components, and an epoxy-cured product obtained by curing an epoxy resin while using the phenolic resin composition as set forth in claim 1 as a curing agent. The phenolic resin composition has a low viscosity and, when it is used as a curing agent for epoxy resins, the resulting epoxy-cured product has a low water absorption rate, is excellent in resistance to moisture and has a high glass transition temperature as compared with the cured product obtained using a novolak type phenolic resin as a curing agent.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin composition comprising compounds (A) an alkenyl-substituted nadimide, (B) a compound having at least one vinyl group or cyclic olefin, or both and (C) a phenol resin, and optionally (D) at least one polymerization catalyst selected from the group consisting of organic peroxides, onium salts, and cationic catalysts is disclosed. The components contained in the composition exhibit excellent compatibility among them. The cured product obtained from the thermosetting resin composition has superior anti-hygroscopicity and toughness, without impairing excellent heat resistance, electrical characteristics, mechanical strength, and small molding shrinkage inherently possessed by alkenyl-substituted nadimide resin. The composition is useful not only as a laminating material, a casting material, a molding material, a coating material, a paint, an adhesive, a sealing material, etc., but also as a matrix resin for composite materials.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly reactive modified phenolic resin, comprising the steps of polycondensing a petroleum heavy oil or pitch, a formaldehyde polymer and a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to thereby prepare a modified phenolic resin; and reacting the resultant modified phenolic resin with a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst but in the absence of a crosslinking agent such as a formaldehyde polymer to thereby lower the molecular weight of the modified phenolic resin. This highly reactive modified phenolic resin has a low number average molecular weight and a high phenol content, so that its resin melt viscosity is low and that it exhibits a markedly improved reactivity with an epoxy resin.

Abstract: Rigid-rod macromonomers, and methods for preparing such macromonomers, having a polyaromatic backbone, solubilizing side groups, and reactive side groups are provided. The macromonomers are chemically incorporated into polymer systems to provide stronger, stiffened polymers.

Abstract: A naphthol-modified phenolic resin having low softening point and good flowability is obtained by allowing a naphthol and a phenol to react with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst at 60 to 110.degree. C. to obtain a primary reaction mixture, heating the primary reaction mixture in the presence of a strong acid, a super acid or a mixture thereof under ambient pressure at 120 to 180.degree. C. for 1 to 12 hours to obtain a secondary reaction mixture, and subjecting the secondary reaction mixture to vacuum concentration or steam distillation, and the naphthol-modified phenolic resin is suited to use as a curing agent in epoxy resin molding materials for sealing electronic parts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel matrix resin for high-temperature stable photoimageable compositions, in the form of a graft copolymer of monomeric or lower oligomeric hydroxyphenyl units grafted onto a polymer backbone containing reactive sites, to a process for its production and to its use as a matrix resin in photoimageable compositions either in a pure form or in admixture with other polymeric materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a resorcinol-glutaraldehyde reaction product as an accelerator for thermosetting phenolic resin and to a method of making the accelerator. Further, the invention relates to a resin blend comprising phenol-formaldehyde and the accelerator and a process for making cellulosic board, oriented strandboard and plywood wherein the binder for the cellulosic board, oriented strandboard and plywood in its uncured form comprises the resin blend of the invention. In another embodiment the accelerator for thermosetting resin comprises resorcinol and glutaraldehyde.

Abstract: A phenolic novolak composition prepared by a process comprising the steps of:(1) reacting a first phenolic monomer comprising a major portion of at least one trifunctional phenolic monomer with a first aldehyde source in the absence of a catalyst at a reaction temperature from about 100.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. and at a reaction pressure of about 2 to about 15 atmospheres to form a phenolic oligomer having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to about 2,000, having ortho-ortho bonding of about 55% to about 75% of the methylene bonds between the phenolic moieties; and having a time to clear of less than 125 seconds per micron; wherein the mole ratio of said first aldehyde source to said first phenolic monomer is from about 0.3:1.0 to about 0.55:1.0; and(2) then reacting said oligomer with an optional second phenolic source and a second aldehyde source at a temperature from about 80.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A coating composition for application to primed metal substrates as a topcoat is disclosed. The coating composition is especially useful on metal closures for vacuum-packed food products. The coating composition is free of a halide-containing vinyl polymer and comprises: (a) an epoxy novolac resin, (b) a phenolic resin, (c) a polyester, and (d) an elastomer, in (e) a nonaqueous carrier.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of preparing multicyanate esters by: a) reacting an adduct of a tertiary amine and a phenol-formaldehyde oligomer or derivative thereof with cyanogen halide in a solvent reaction medium under conditions to form a reaction product stream containing at least one of the following compounds selected from the group consisting of tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, solvent, and impurities, and, based upon the total weight of the reaction product stream excluding the weight of said tertiary amine-hydrohalide salt, from about 10 percent to about 40 percent of a multicyanate ester; b) recycling a portion of said reaction product stream into the mixture of step a; and c) separating and recovering said solvent and tertiary amine from said reaction product stream.The multicyanate ester products produced according to the present invention are useful as bonding agents in friction materials, molding materials, coatings, and adhesives.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention are novel diguanamine derivatives, led by 2,5/2,6-bis(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes and 1,3/1,4-bis(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-cyclohexanes, and derivatives thereof, applications of these compounds in fields such as adhesives and paints, utilization of these compounds in flame-retarding, thermal stabilization and compatibilization methods of resins, thermosetting molding compositions and thermosetting expansion-molding compositions making use of these compounds, as well as polymeric microspheres also using these compounds. These compounds are expected to find wide spread industrial utility as various excellent properties can be obtained by using them.

Abstract: Disclosed are polymers comprising phenyl rings pendant from the polymer chains or incorporated therein, wherein the phenyl rings are substituted with aldehyde and/or carboxylic acid functionalities and/or derivatives thereof. Also disclosed is a catalytic oxidation process for producing such polymers from precursor polymers containing benzylic carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed are a resorcinol resin adhesive composition which comprises a resorcinol resin modified by m-aminophenol, and a process for bonding wood materials by using the same.

Abstract: A naphthol-modified phenolic resin having low softening point and good flowability is obtained by allowing a naphthol and a phenol to react with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst at 60.degree. to 110.degree. C. to obtain a primary reaction mixture, heating the primary reaction mixture in the presence of a strong acid, a super acid or a mixture thereof under ambient pressure at 120.degree. to 180.degree. C. for 1 to 12 hours to obtain a secondary reaction mixture, and subjecting the secondary reaction mixture to vacuum concentration or steam distillation, and the naphthol-modified phenolic resin is suited to use as a curing agent in epoxy resin molding materials for sealing electronic parts.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of plastoelastomeric preparations comprising an elastomeric phase of an EPDM elastomer and a plastomeric phase of a thermoplastic olefinic polymer, wherein the elastomeric phase is dynamically vulcanized with a vulcanizing binary agent consisting of an alkylphenol-formaldehydic resin and sodium bisulphite.

Abstract: A treated fibrous polyamide substrate having durable resistance to staining by acid colorants comprising a fibrous polyamide substrate having applied thereto an aqueous solution of a partially sulfonated, partially phosphated resol resin; which aqueous solution may include polymethylmethacrylates or combinations thereof, and that may include a fluorochemical; and the method of treating said substrate, and the resol resins themselves.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a stain resistant carpet by melt mixing a fiber forming synthetic polyamide with a compound, being capable to react with an amino group, to form a homogeneous polymer melt into fibers, tufting the fibers into a backing to form a carpet and treating the carpet with polymethacrylic acid, copolymers of polymethacrylic acid, a mixture of polymethacrylic acid and a sulfonated aromatic formaldehyde condensation product, and a reaction product of the polymerization or copolymerization of methacrylic acid in the presence of a sulfonated aromatic formaldehyde condensation product.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ester cured no-bake foundry binder system preferably comprising as separate components (a) an aqueous basic solution of a phenolic resole resin; and (b) a hardener comprising (i) a polyphenol resin, and (ii) a liquid ester. Alternatively, the polyphenol resin can be used as a separate component. The foundry binder systems produce foundry shapes with improved tensile strengths when compared to foundry shapes which are prepared from foundry binder systems which do not contain a polyphenol resin.

Abstract: A blend of (A) an acrylic, polyester or epoxy resin having at least two alkenyl or alkynyl groups in a molecule, (B) an organic silicon compound having at least two hydrogen atoms each directly attached to a silicon atom in a molecule, and (C) a hydrosilylaion catalyst is blended with (D) an organic iron or aluminum compound to form a hydrosilylative composition. Component (D) scavenges a catalyst poison, permitting components (A) and (B) to undergo hydrosilylation reaction with the aid of catalyst (C).

Abstract: A phenolic novolak composition prepared by a process comprising the steps of:(1) reacting a first phenolic monomer comprising a major portion of at least one trifunctional phenolic monomer with a first aldehyde source in the absence of a catalyst at a reaction temperature from about 100.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. and at a reaction pressure of about 2 to about 15 atmospheres to form a phenolic oligomer having a weight average molecular weight from about 500 to about 2,000, having ortho-ortho bonding of about 55% to about 75% of the methylene bonds between the phenolic moieties; and having a time to clear of less than 125 seconds per micron; wherein the mole ratio of said first aldehyde source to said first phenolic monomer is from about 0.3:1.0 to about 0.55:1.0; and(2) then reacting said oligomer with an optional second phenolic source and a second aldehyde source at a temperature from about 80.degree. C. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: Oil-soluble, phenolic resin-modified natural resinic acid esters, which are able to form self-gelling mineral oil solutions and in the form of gel varnishes can advantageously be used as binder resins in printing inks for offset printing and letterpress printing, and also processes for their preparation from natural resins, phenols, aldehydes, condensation catalyst, esterifying agents and modifiers by reaction of the components at temperatures in the range from 80.degree. to 300.degree. C., individual components preferably being initially introduced and the other components being metered in, the combined use of a magnesium compound as condensation catalyst and the continuous removal of the water of reaction during the condensation reaction by azeotropic distillation with co-use of an inert organic solvent as distillative entraining agent being necessary and decisive for the self-gelling property of the process product.

Abstract: Toughened thermosetting resins are disclosed comprising a thermosetting resin having a Tg of at least 150.degree. C., preferably 180.degree. C., and having dispersed substantially uniformly therethrough microspheres of a thermoplastic resin having a Tg of at least 150.degree. C., preferably 180.degree. C. It is preferred to use thermoplastic resins with functional groups on the surface thereof capable of bonding to an available group on the thermosetting resin. High performance structural composites made from such toughened resins are disclosed as well as the process of making such composites.

Abstract: A wood adhesive composition including an effective amount of a phenol-formaldehyde resin; and a modifying agent which agent renders the composition capable of bonding to a hard wood.

Abstract: A binder mixture containing lignin or lignins with reactive groups and phenol-novolac in a weight ratio of 95:5 to 50:50 useful for the production of non-woven fabrics and wood fiber materials.

Abstract: The present invention provides mixture of at least two novolak resins with a molecular weight distribution overlap of at least 50% and having dissolution rates which differ by a factor of at least 2.0. A method is also provided for producing such novolak resin mixtures.

Abstract: A emulsifiable, phenolic-resole-resin-based composition comprising a low salt, urea-extended phenol aldehyde resin and an emulsifying agent, wherein the resin has a water dilutability ranging from about 2:1 to about 10:1 v/v water to resin prior to neutralization and aldehyde scavenger addition, and the method for making the same.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a resorcinol-glutaraldehyde reaction product as an accelerator for thermosetting phenolic resin and to a method of making the accelerator. Further, the invention relates to a resin blend comprising phenol-formaldehyde and the accelerator and a process for making cellulosic board, oriented strandboard and plywood wherein the binder for the cellulosic board, oriented strandboard and plywood in its uncured form comprises the resin blend of the invention. In another embodiment the accelerator for thermosetting resin comprises resorcinol and glutaraldehyde.

Abstract: Compositions containing an aryl phosphite and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: A curable resin composition comprising (a) an acrylic, polyester, epoxy or polyol resin having a plurality of alkynyl groups, (b) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane, and (c) an amount of platinum catalyst effective to catalyze the crosslink reaction between (a) and (b). The composition is useful for coating and molding purposes and gives a cured product having excellent acid resistance, water resistance and other properties.

Abstract: A curable resin composition containing (a) a polymer having a plurality of alkenyl groups, (b) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having a plurality of hydrosilyl groups, (c) a polymer having a plurality of alkynyl groups, and (d) a hydrosilylation catalyst is disclosed. The composition is stable at room temperature but curable at an elevated temperature.

Abstract: Compositions containing an aryl phosphite and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: A binding agent for molding compositions and molded bodies produced by reacting a low molecular weight lignin from the Organosolv process with phenol in a weight ratio of 1:20 to 3:1 at 100.degree. to 180.degree. C., adjusting the pH to an acidic value and condensing the mixture with 0.2 to 0.9 moles of formaldehyde per mole of phenol at 60.degree. to 120.degree. C. to form the binding agent useful for producing curable molding compositions, high-temperature molding compositions, refractory products, textile fleeces and friction coatings as well as carbon materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition consisting of a melamine solid suspended or dispersed in a resole resin. The method of the invention favors the intermolecular condensation polymerization reaction between phenol and melamine, rather than homopolymerization between phenol molecules or between melamine molecules. This invention reduces formaldehyde emissions by favoring a reaction whose by-product is water rather than formaldehyde. The compositions are useful for bonding glass fiber mats used for thermal and acoustical insulation.

Abstract: Compositions containing aryl phosphites and water to hydrolyze the aryl phosphite provide controlled and extended work time when used as hardening agents for the ambient temperature hardening of phenolic resins and for rapid hardening of such resins at modestly elevated temperatures. Pre-solvolysis with small quantities of water, alkanols of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms improve compatibility of trisubstituted phosphites with the resin. Pre-hydrolysis of the phosphites as well as addition of furfuryl alcohol or alkylene glycols of 2 to 4 carbon atoms accelerate the hardening (curing) of the resin. Various compounds such as: carboxylic acid amides, urea, dicyandiamide, N-methylolated amides, N-alkyl 2-pyrrolidinones having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, those having an internal epoxide group, alkanols, and Schiff bases retard the ambient temperature hardening of the resin with the aryl phosphite hardening agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of a polyoxyalkylene derivative of a phenolic resin, by reacting under base-catalyzed conditions the phenolic resin with the appropriate alkylene oxide(s) so that the polyoxyalkylation is carried out by: A) using a phenolic resin which has a water content of less than 0.5% w/w, B) reacting the phenolic resin initially with about one mole of the alkylene oxide(s) per mole of the resin in the absence of a base catalyst in an inert atmosphere at a temperature below 140.degree. C. until the partial pressure of the alkylene oxide(s) reactant is substantially neutralized, and C) reacting the product from step (B) above with the remainder of the alkylene oxide(s). These derivatives are good emulsifiers and demulsifers.

Abstract: A thermosetting resin designated a "APT" resin is produced by a two-step procedure in which a substituted aromatic compound, preferably diphenyl ether is reacted with formaldehyde to produce an oligomeric backbone, followed by further reaction with a phenol to provide pendant phenolic groups. Finally, the resulting polymer is cyanated with a cyanogen halide.

Abstract: Reaction products of organosilane compounds and a novolac resin having phenolic groups have been found to have a very low rate of etching, thereby enabling the material to also be used as an RIE barrier in semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Abstract: A binding agent for molding compositions and molded bodies produced by reacting a low molecular weight lignin from the Organosolv process with phenol in a weight ratio of 1:20 to 3:1 at 100.degree. to 180.degree. C., adjusting the pH to an acidic value and condensing the mixture with 0.2 to 0.9 moles of formaldehyde per mole of phenol at 60.degree. to 120.degree. C. to form the binding agent useful for producing curable molding compositions, high-temperature molding compositions, refractory products, textile fleeces and friction coatings as well as carbon materials.

Abstract: A binding agent for molded bodies and molding compositions produced by prereacting a mixture of 5 to 60% by weight of lignin or a lignin fraction produced by the Organosolv process and 40 to 95% by weight of a phenol novolac resin and subjecting the latter to high shear forces in a kneader or extruder and optionally mixing the same with a curing agent useful in molding compositions and high temperature-stable molded products such as refractory products, friction coatings, textile fleeces and carbon or graphite materials.

Abstract: A novel siloxane polymer having at least 1 mol % of a structural unit derived from a cyclic heat addition product between a diene compound of formula (I) or (II) and an olefin or acetylene compound of formula (III), (IV) or (V): ##STR1## and a positive working light-sensitive composition comprising the siloxane polymer.

Abstract: A block copolymer novolak resin composition comprising at least one unit of the reaction product of an alkali-soluble phenolic polymer and a reactive ortho, ortho bonded oligomer having the formula: ##STR1## wherein x is from 2 to 7; wherein R is selected from hydrogen a lower alkyl group or lower alkoxy group having 1-4 carbon atoms and a halogen group; and Y.sub.1 is either a hydroxyl group; an alkoxy group or a halogen group; and Y.sub.2 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogen, hydroxyl, --CH.sub.2 OH, --CH.sub.2 -- halogen, or --CH.sub.2 -alkoxy group.