Material Contains Boron Compound Other Than Boron Trihalide Or Non-metal Organic Complex Of Boron Trihalide Patents (Class 526/195)
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Patent number: 6515088Abstract: A new class of “living” free radical initiators that are based on alkylperoxydiarylborane and its derivatives and that may be represented by the general formula. R—[O—O—B—&phgr;1(—&phgr;2)]n wherein n is from 1 to 4, R is a hydrogen or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having a molecular weight from 1 to about 500, and &phgr;1 and &phgr;2, independently, are selected from aryl radicals, based on phenyl or substituted phenyl groups, with the proviso that &phgr;1 and &phgr;2 can be the chemically bridged to each other with a linking group or with a direct chemical bond between the two aryl groups to form a cyclic ring structure that includes a boron atom are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2002Date of Patent: February 4, 2003Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Patent number: 6420502Abstract: A new class of “living” free radical initiators that are based on alkylperoxydiarylborane and its derivatives and that may be represented by the general formula. R—[O—O—B-&phgr;1(-&phgr;2)]n wherein n is from 1 to 4, R is a hydrogen or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical having a molecular weight from 1 to about 500, and &phgr;1 and &phgr;2, independently, are selected from aryl radicals, based on phenyl or substituted phenyl groups, with the proviso that &phgr;1 and &phgr;2 can be the chemically bridged to each other with a linking group or with a direct chemical bond between the two aryl groups to form a cyclic ring structure that includes a boron atom are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 2001Date of Patent: July 16, 2002Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Publication number: 20020091211Abstract: A new class of “living” free radical initiators that are based on alkylperoxydiarylborane and its derivatives and that may be represented by the general formula.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 25, 2001Publication date: July 11, 2002Inventor: Tze-Chiang Chung
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Patent number: 6410667Abstract: Initiator systems of the invention comprise a complexed initiator comprising a complex of an amidine complexing agent and an initiator; and a decomplexer. The initiator systems are useful for initiating polymerization of at least one monomer to form polymerized compositions. Kits of the invention useful for forming the polymerized compositions comprise a polymerizable composition and an initiator component, wherein the initiator component comprises a complexed amidine initiator. Bonding compositions can be prepared by mixing the polymerizable composition of the kit with the respective initiator component.Type: GrantFiled: November 4, 1999Date of Patent: June 25, 2002Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventor: Dean M. Moren
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Patent number: 6395847Abstract: The invention is directed to organometallic catalysts prepared by a process comprising a) combining nucleophilic group-containing particulate support material with an arylboron or arylaluminum Lewis acid compound in the presence of a Lewis base compound; b) contacting the product of a) with a trialkylaluminum compound before combining said product with a metal precursor compound capable of activation for olefin polymerization by said product a); and, c) combining the product of b) with said metal precursor compound. These catalyst compositions are suitable for addition reactions of ethylenically and acetylenically unsaturated monomers. The invention includes a polymerization process of combining or contacting olefinically unsaturated monomers with the invention catalyst composition. Use of the invention catalyst to polymerize &agr;-olefins is exemplified.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1999Date of Patent: May 28, 2002Assignee: ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Main Chang
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Patent number: 6383655Abstract: Low odor polymerizable compositions comprise monomer blends having a average monomer fluorophilicity of at least 3.25, an average boiling point of at least about 160° C., and wherein the monomer blend is polymerizable to a polymer having a glass transition temperature of at least about −20° C. The polymerizable compositions are useful in kits further comprising an aerobic initiator. Also disclosed are bonding compositions, polymerized compositions, coated substrates, and methods of bonding in which the polymerizable compositions are especially useful.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2000Date of Patent: May 7, 2002Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventor: Dean M. Moren
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Patent number: 6355749Abstract: A new class of ferroelectric terpolymers having an exceptionally large electrostrictive response (>3%) induced by external electric field at ambient temperature comprise 50-80 mole % of vinylidene fluoride (VDF), 15-40 mole % of trifluoroethylene (TrFE) and 2-20 mole % of at least one bulky monomer, such as chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) or hexafluoropropene (HFP). These semicrystalline terpolymers behave like a ferroelectric relaxor having a rapid electric field-induced mechanical response, due to a low Curie temperature (phase transition between polar and nonpolar crystalline domains at or near ambient temperature) and high dielectric constant. A combination of bulk polymerization and free radical polymerization using oxidation adducts of an organoborane as the free radical initiator may be used to prepare the terpolymers, such that the terpolymers are characterized by good processibility, high purity and uniform molecular structure.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2000Date of Patent: March 12, 2002Assignee: The Penn State Research FoundationInventors: Tze-Chiang Chung, Atitsa Petchsuk
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Patent number: 6350834Abstract: In a process for the homopolymerization of vinylaromatic monomers or the copolymerization of vinylaromatic monomers and dienes in the presence of at least one alkali metal compound and at least one compound of an element of group 3a of the Periodic Table of the elements, the compounds contain, based on the sum of molar equivalents of alkali metal and elements of group 3a, in each case a) from 0.1 to 3.9 molar equivalents of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen or phosphorus and b) from 0.1 to 3.9 molar equivalents of an organyl ligand.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 2000Date of Patent: February 26, 2002Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Christian Schade, Wolfgang Fischer, Hermann Gausepohl, Konrad Knoll, Volker Warzelhan, Michel Fontanille, Alain Deffieux, Philippe Desbois
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Patent number: 6281155Abstract: Supported heterometallocene catalysts wherein the support is a particulate polymeric material are provided. The catalysts have a transition metal complex containing at least one anionic, polymerization stable heteroatomic ligand associated with the transition metal and a boron activator compound deposited on the support. Polymeric supports used for the heterometallocene catalysts of the invention are homopolymers of ethylene and copolymers of ethylene and C3-8 &agr;-olefins.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1999Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Assignee: Equistar Chemicals, L.P.Inventors: Karen E. Meyer, Mark K. Reinking
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Patent number: 6121392Abstract: The specification discloses a method for producing low softening point beta-pinene based polyterpene resins having an essentially unimodal molecular weight distribution, as well as resins made by the method. In the process a beta-pinene monomer is reacted with an olefinic co-monomer in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst and a co-catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to produce a beta-pinene-based copolymer having a softening point in the range of from about 85.degree. to about 125.degree. C., an essentially unimodal molecular weight distribution, and a bound chlorine level of less than about 400 ppm. Because of their low softening points and essentially unimodal molecular weight distributions, the beta-pinene-based resins of the invention are expected to exhibit improved compatibility with block copolymers used in modern adhesive formulations.Type: GrantFiled: May 8, 1997Date of Patent: September 19, 2000Assignee: Arizona Chemical CompanyInventor: Kerry L. Thompson
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Patent number: 6037388Abstract: A polymerization initiator composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an organic boron compound (A) and 10 to 150 parts by weight of an aprotic solvent (B) having a boiling point of 30 to 150.degree. C.; and a dental or surgical adhesive composition containing the above polymerization initiator composition.Type: GrantFiled: July 6, 1998Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: Sun Medical Co LtdInventors: Isao Hashimoto, Masami Arata, Weiping Zeng
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Patent number: 5866632Abstract: A polymerization initiator composition comprising 100 parts by weight of an organic boron compound (A) and 10 to 150 parts by weight of an aprotic solvent (B) having a boiling point of 30.degree. to 150.degree. C.; and a dental or surgical adhesive composition containing the above polymerization initiator composition.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 1996Date of Patent: February 2, 1999Assignee: Sun Medical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Isao Hashimoto, Masami Arata, Weiping Zeng
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Patent number: 5744560Abstract: A free radical polymerization process for the preparation of a polymer comprising heating a mixture of a free radical initiator, a stable free radical agent, a metal catalyst, or a metal stable free radical complex catalyst, and at least one polymerizable monomer; cooling said mixture; and optionally isolating said polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 21, 1997Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Daniel A. Foucher, Paula J. MacLeod, Michael K. Georges, Timothy E. Burrow
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Patent number: 5741870Abstract: A resin composition comprises an EVOH (A) and a thermoplastic polymer (B) having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of boronic acid group, borinic acid group and boron-containing groups convertible into boronic acid group or borinic acid group in the presence of water. The composition may further comprise a thermoplastic polymer (C) other than (A) or (B). The resin compositions thus obtained have good compatibility and give molded products having superior transparency and good mechanical properties.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1996Date of Patent: April 21, 1998Assignee: Kuraray Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kaoru Ikeda, Toshiaki Sato, Kazushige Ishiura
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Patent number: 5703183Abstract: A carbocationic catalyst composition comprising an initiator of water, a tertiary alkyl or aralkyl halide, ester, ether, carboxylic acid, acid halide or a polymeric halide, a co-initiator of organometal alkoxide halides, organometal phenoxide halides and/or organometal carboxyl halides is used to produce polymers particularly polyisobutylene and isobutylene/para-methyl-styrene copolymers.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1996Date of Patent: December 30, 1997Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Timothy Daniel Shaffer
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Patent number: 5571871Abstract: A resin composition comprises an EVOH (A) and a thermoplastic polymer (B) having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of boronic acid group, borinic acid group and boron-containing groups convertible into boronic acid group or borinic acid group in the presence of water. The composition may further comprise a thermoplastic polymer (C) other than (A) or (B). The resin compositions thus obtained have good compatibility and give molded products having superior transparency and good mechanical properties.Type: GrantFiled: August 14, 1995Date of Patent: November 5, 1996Assignee: Kuraray Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kaoru Ikeda, Toshiaki Sato, Kazushige Ishiura
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Patent number: 5532328Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a polymer from heterocyclic monomer units. The process according to the invention is characterized in that polymerization takes place in the presence of a sulphur-containing reagent.It has been found that the process according to the invention can be used to prepare polymers that can readily be processed, either in solution or in the melt. It has further been found that the reaction time of the reaction that takes place is short, while also the efficiency of the reaction is good. In the process according to the invention use can be made of monomer units that are thermostable. Such monomer units are easy to synthesize and easy to keep.Type: GrantFiled: December 15, 1994Date of Patent: July 2, 1996Assignee: DSM N.V.Inventors: Ivan A. L. Hoogmartens, Joannes M. J. V. Gelan, Dirk J. M. Vanderzande, Peter E. Froehling
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Patent number: 5514728Abstract: Salts having a cationic portion of either a mono-, polyvent metal center, onium salts or organometallic salts and a nonnucleophilic anion are useful as catalysts and initiators that may be photochemically or thermally-activated, and polymerizable compositions containing such catalysts and initiator salts and at least one of a cationic or free-radical addition polymerizable monomers, or catalyzed step-growth polymerizable monomers.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1993Date of Patent: May 7, 1996Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: William M. Lamanna, Michael C. Palazzotto, Robert J. DeVoe, Fred B. McCormick, Jeffrey M. Olofson, Allen R. Siedle, Peggy S. Willett
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Patent number: 5418303Abstract: A carbocationic catalyst composition comprising an initiator of water, a tertiary alkyl or aralkyl halide, ester, ether, carboxylic acid, acid halide or a polymeric halide and a co-initiator of an alkoxy metal halide, is used to produce narrow molecular weight distribution olefin polymers particularly isobutylene/para-methyl-styrene copolymers.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1994Date of Patent: May 23, 1995Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Timothy D. Shaffer
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Patent number: 5414062Abstract: A process for reducing the formation of aqueous phase polymer during the suspension polymerization of unsaturated monomer is disclosed. The reduction of polymer formation in the aqueous phase and subsequent fouling of polymerization reactor surfaces is achieved by incorporating an effective amount of a water-soluble peroxide compound into the aqueous phase used for the suspension polymerization. Hydrogen peroxide, sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate are effective aqueous phase inhibitors for use in the preparation of crosslinked polystyrene beads.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1994Date of Patent: May 9, 1995Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventor: Eric G. Lundquist
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Patent number: 5342910Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer or copolymer from polymerizable monomers by suspension polymerization whereby foam formation during the removal of residual monomers is inhibited, which process comprises adding at least one salt of an inorganic acid having an anionic valency of at least 2 to the polymer slurry prior to the removal of the residual monomer.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1992Date of Patent: August 30, 1994Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Susan M. Kling, Nitis Sarkar
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Patent number: 5268436Abstract: The invention relates to moldable, radically polymerizable multicomponent mixtures containingethylenically unsaturated, polymerizable compounds, if desired in admixture with soluble and/or insoluble fillers andan activator system initiatable by contact with oxygen,and is characterized in that these multicomponent mixtures contain an activator system based on the following principal components which can be initiated by contact with oxygen and water and, in particular, by contact with ambient air:N-alkyl-substituted tert-arylamines containing at least one aliphatic CH bond in the .alpha.-positionmetal compounds at least partly soluble in the system to accelerate the drying of unsaturated oils andcompounds of weakly acidic carboxylic acids having pK.sub.a values of no less than about 0.9 which can be hydrolyzed to the free carboxylic acid on contact with moisture.Type: GrantFiled: February 27, 1991Date of Patent: December 7, 1993Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventors: Thomas Huver, Herbert Fischer, Winfried Emmerling
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Patent number: 5175222Abstract: The present invention is a polymer composition comprising vinylidene chloride with improved thermal stability. The process comprises either advance addition or polymer slurry addition of a salt of a non-alkenic weak acid during the polymerization of the vinylidene chloride. The polymeric composition comprises a reaction product of a salt of a nonalkenic weak acid in an amount effective to provide improved thermal stability to the polymeric composition. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention further comprises adding a salt of a carboxylic acid to the polymer slurry.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1991Date of Patent: December 29, 1992Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Stephen R. Betso, Duane F. Foye
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Patent number: 5126416Abstract: (Meth)acrylic ester formulations employing peroxy initiators have accelerated cure rates when the substrates to which they are applied, or the compositions themselves, include nitrite, borate, silicate or carbonate salts. The compositions should be free of acids having a PKa of 6 or less unless the composition also includes a transition metal compound.Type: GrantFiled: March 26, 1990Date of Patent: June 30, 1992Assignee: Loctite CorporationInventor: Darchun B. Yang
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Patent number: 5115051Abstract: A method of preventing polymer scale deposition in a polymerization vessel during polymerization of a monomer having an ethylenically double bond, wherein said polymerization is carried out in a polymerization vessel of which the inner wall has been previously first coated with(A) a coating solution comprising a condensate of an aromatic compound and at least one member selected from the group consisting of metal compounds and inorganic colloids, and the coating thus formed has been then coated with(B) a coating solution comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of anionic polymeric compounds, amphoteric polymeric compounds and hydroxyl group-containing polymeric compounds; and a polymerization vessel having a coating thus formed. According this method, polymer scale deposition on the inner wall, etc. of the polymerization vessel can be effectively prevented.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1989Date of Patent: May 19, 1992Assignee: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.Inventors: Toshihide Shimizu, Ichiro Kaneko, Mikio Watanabe
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Patent number: 4956430Abstract: The invention relates to the production of high molecular weight vinyl lactam-quaternized amino acrylamide copolymers having less than 0.1% residual unreacted monomer, which comprises: subjecting the monomers to solution polymerization in the presence of a buffering agent having chelating properties for complexing with traces of heavy metals; controlling the pH of the polymerization to a level above 5.5 while continuously ebulating nitrogen gas through the system during reaction and incrementally adding a free radical initiator in 2 to 4 stages during the conversion to copolymer. The invention also relates to the substantially pure vinyl lactam-acrylamide copolymer having a Brookfield viscosity of at least 75,000 cps. and a residual monomer content below 0.5 wt. %, for example less than 1,000 ppm.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1989Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: GAF Chemicals CorporationInventor: Mohammed Tazi
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Patent number: 4921921Abstract: Hotmelt adhesives which, after heating, are capable of polymerization under the effect of atmospheric oxygen and which essentially consist of a solid reactive component containing at least one polymerizable ethylenic C.dbd.C double bond and a polymerization-initiating organoboron compound and, if desired, other standard auxiliaries.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1986Date of Patent: May 1, 1990Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventor: Wolfgang Ritter
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Patent number: 4872936Abstract: The invention concerns polymerizable cement mixtures containing(a) polymerizable unsaturated monomers and/or oligomers and/or prepolymers containing acid groups and/or their reactive acid-derivative groups,(b) reactive fillers that can react with these acids or acid derivatives, and(c) curing agentsthat can be employed especially in dentistry as improved dental mixtures as well as in medicine.Type: GrantFiled: May 9, 1988Date of Patent: October 10, 1989Assignee: Ernst Muhlbauer KGInventor: Jurgen Engelbrecht
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Patent number: 4756787Abstract: A co-curable composition, having utility as a first part of a two-part cationically curable composition and containing a latent curing component which is reactive with a latent curing component in a second part of the two-part composition to form curingly effective cations for the two-part composition, such co-curable composition comprising: (i) a cationically polymerizable material, and (ii) a dioxane-complexed metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion. Also disclosed is a two-part composition curable by contact of respective parts with one another, comprising first and second parts of the aforementioned types. A preferred class of cation species comprises carbenium ions derived from reaction of an organic halide compound, as the first component, with a metal salt of a non-nucleophilic anion such as SbCl.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.3.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, AsF.sub.6.sup.-, SnCl.sub.5.sup.-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.-, and ClO.sub.4.sup.-, as the second component.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1987Date of Patent: July 12, 1988Assignee: Loctite CorporationInventors: Kieran F. Drain, David J. Dunn
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Patent number: 4734444Abstract: Mixtures which are curable by heating or irradiation with actinic light contain one or more cationically curable compounds, such as an epoxy, an olefinically unsaturated monomer, amino resin or phenolic resin, and as a cationically active curing catalyst one or more N-sulfonylamino-sulfonium salts of the formula ##STR1## such as N-p-toluenesulfonyl-N-methylaminodiphenylsulfonium hexafluorophosphate with or without quinones or peroxides are suitable, inter alia, for producing moldings, coatings, relief images and resist patterns.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1987Date of Patent: March 29, 1988Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Andreas Henne, Wolfram Ochs, Helmut Tesch, Gunnar Schornick, Reinhold J. Leyrer
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Patent number: 4717440Abstract: A two-part composition curable by contact of respective parts with one another, comprising: a first part comprising a cationically polymerizable material and a first latent curing component; and a second part comprising a cationically polymerizable material and a second latent curing component which is reactive with the first component to form cations which are curingly effective for the resin. A preferred class of cation species comprises carbenium ions derived from reaction of organic halide compounds, as the first component, with silver salts of non-nucleophilic anions, e.g., SbCl.sub.6.sup.-, SbCl.sub.3.sup.-, SbF.sub.6.sup.-, AsF.sub.6.sup.-, SnCl.sub.5.sup.-, PF.sub.6.sup.-, BF.sub.4.sup.-, CF.sub.3 SO.sub.3.sup.- and ClO.sub.4.sup.-, as the second component, The respective parts of the two-part composition may be applied to matable surfaces which then are contacted to effect rapid bonding cure of the composition.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1986Date of Patent: January 5, 1988Assignee: Loctite CorporationInventors: Kieran F. Drain, David J. Dunn
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Patent number: 4710551Abstract: In a process for producing a polymer or copolymer of a vinyl chloride monomer with or without a comonomer by aqueous suspension polymerization or copolymerization in the presence of a suspension stabilizer and a polymerization initiator which is insoluble or sparingly soluble in water and soluble in the monomer; the improvement wherein the polymerization or copolymerization is carried out in the presence of, as said suspension stabilizer, a hydrotalcite compound of the following formulaM.sub.1-x.sup.2+ M.sub.x.sup.3+ (OH).sub.2 A.sub.x/n.sup.n-.mH.sub.2 O (1)wherein M.sup.2+ is at least one divalent metal cation, M.sup.3+ is at least one trivalent metal cation, A.sup.n- is an anion having a valence of 1 to 4, and x and m represent numbers satisfying the following expressions0<x<0.5 and 0.ltoreq.m<2.Type: GrantFiled: December 10, 1985Date of Patent: December 1, 1987Assignee: Kyowa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventor: Shigeo Miyata
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Patent number: 4676858Abstract: Organoboron containing starter systems having improved storage characteristics which are activated by air and which can be used to polymerize olefinic compounds, comprising a mixture of at least one organoboron compound which can be activated by air and at least one organic oligomer or polymer that is inert to the organoboron compound.Type: GrantFiled: June 25, 1985Date of Patent: June 30, 1987Assignee: Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf AktienInventor: Wolfgang Ritter
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Patent number: 4495313Abstract: Soft contact lenses are made by polymerizing a substantially anhydrous polymerization mixture containing a polymerizable acrylic or methacrylic monomer, and a water displaceable ester of boric acid and a compound containing 3 or more hydroxyl groups so as to form a hydrophilic polymer containing at least 30% of said boric acid ester. In a preferred embodiment, the polymerizable is effected in a mould cavity where the contact between a sharp circular edge in one mould part and a spherical surface in the other mould part defines the edge of the lens and the distance between the two mould surfaces outside the sharp edge increases in all radial directions away from the center.Type: GrantFiled: March 19, 1982Date of Patent: January 22, 1985Assignee: Mia Lens Production A/SInventor: Hans-Ole Larsen
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Patent number: 4419483Abstract: Cationic water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble polymers and copolymers of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer are prepared by including in the formulation a metal halide and sodium borate. The products are useful as drainage aids, retention aids, flotation aids, process water flocculants, and the like in the manufacture of paper and paper products; waste effluent treatment; oil recovery operations; and mining operations.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1982Date of Patent: December 6, 1983Assignee: Sun Chemical CorporationInventor: Michael J. Yanutola
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Patent number: 4401789Abstract: Methods of preparing viscous aqueous polymer solutions having improved viscosity and stability properties for use in the treatment of subterranean hydrocarbon-containing formations and in enhanced oil recovery processes are provided. More particularly, a method of preparing such viscous aqueous polymer solution in a buffer system that contains a particular buffer and a substantially oxygen free aqueous solvent. Such solvent is used for pH control and contains one or more metal salts.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1981Date of Patent: August 30, 1983Assignee: Halliburton CompanyInventor: Charles M. Gideon
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Patent number: 4398014Abstract: New aromatic sulfonylsulfoxonium salts are of formula ##STR1## where q is 1 to 4,R denotes an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, or aromatic group,R.sup.6 denotes H, an alkyl or aralkyl group, or a group --COR.sup.9, --CO--NH--(CO).sub.r --R.sup.10, or --SO.sub.2 --R.sup.11, where r is zero or 1,one, but not both, of R and R.sup.6 denoting an aromatic group,R.sup.7 denotes an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, or aralkyl group,R.sup.8 has the same meaning as R.sup.7 but may alternatively represent a dialkylamino group or, if R.sup.7 denotes alkyl, it may alternatively represent an arylamino group,R.sup.9, R.sup.10, and R.sup.11 each denote an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl radical of 1 to 25 carbon atoms,t is 1, 2, or 3, andZ.sup.- denotes a t-valent anion of a protic acid.The salts, e.g., dimethyl-p-toluenesulfonylmethylsufoxonium hexafluorophosphate, are useful as catalysts for the polymerization of cationically polymerizable materials by means of actinic radiation and/or heat.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1981Date of Patent: August 9, 1983Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: George E. Green, Edward Irving, Bernard P. Stark
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Patent number: 4395340Abstract: A method of enhanced oil recovery from subterranean oil-containing formations via injection through an injection well penetrating the formation of a viscous aqueous solution containing one or more water-soluble organic polymers and forcing such solution through the formation towards a production well for ultimate recovery. The viscous aqueous polymer solutions of the invention are prepared at the site of their use by polymerizing one or more water-soluble polymerizable vinyl monomers in aqueous solutions which may contain high concentrations of one or more salts.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 1981Date of Patent: July 26, 1983Assignee: Halliburton CompanyInventor: Homer C. McLaughlin
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Patent number: 4355145Abstract: Furan resins of improved fire resistance are produced by curing the resins with a substantially anhydrous solution of boric anhydride, an organic solvent and a concentrated acid.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1981Date of Patent: October 19, 1982Assignee: Societe Chimique des Charbonnages SAInventors: Nicolas Meyer, Michel Cousin
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Patent number: 4339567Abstract: Substances (I) capable of being converted into higher-molecular weight materials under the influence of a cationic catalyst, such as 1,2-epoxides, aminoplasts, vinyl monomers or prepolymers, or phenoplasts, are so converted by exposure to actinic radiation in the presence of a sulphoxonium salt (II) of formula ##STR1## where P denotes zero or 1,R.sup.6 denotes an arylene or aralkylene group,R.sup.7 denotes --H or a group of formula ##STR2## R.sup.8 denotes an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group,R.sup.9 has the same meaning as R.sup.8 but may alternatively represent a dialkylamino group or, if R.sup.8 represents an alkyl group, R.sup.9 may represent an arylamino group,R.sup.10 and R.sup.11 each independently have the same meaning as R.sup.8 but may also each denote --H,r represents 1, 2, or 3,Z.sup.r- denotes an r-valent anion of a protic acid, and q denotes zero when p denotes zero, or zero or 1 when p denotes 1.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 1981Date of Patent: July 13, 1982Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: George E. Green, Edward Irving
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Patent number: 4336366Abstract: Cationically polymerizable compounds, for example cyclic ethers, can be thermally polymerised if an aromatic iodonium salt of the formula I[(Ar.sup.1)(Ar.sup.2)I].sup.+ [MX.sub.n ].sup.- (I)in which Ar.sup.1 Ar.sup.2, M, X and n are as defined in claim 1, is used as the catalyst and an agent which forms free radicals on heating and has the formula III or IV ##STR1## in which R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.8 and m are as defined in claim 1, for example a benzpinacol silyl ether, is used as the co-catalyst. The process is of particular importance for heat-curing epoxide resins as a one-component system.Type: GrantFiled: February 20, 1981Date of Patent: June 22, 1982Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: Godwin Berner, Rudolf Kirchmayr
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Patent number: 4335237Abstract: Polymers are prepared from a vinyl monomer or monomers by a homopolymerization or a copolymerization reaction which occurs exothermically, said reaction being carried out by mixing the vinyl monomer or monomers with an additive comprising an endothermic compound which is unreactive with said monomer or monomers and the resultant homopolymers or copolymers and has a phase transition point at the temperature of the polymerization reaction with the absorption of heat, the amount of said endothermic compound being sufficient to counterbalance the major part of the exothermic heat of reaction, the process being especially useful for preparing polymers in solid form or for preparing high solid suspensions of polymers.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1980Date of Patent: June 15, 1982Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Edward G. Ballweber
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Patent number: 4299938Abstract: Substances (I) capable of being converted into higher-molecular weight materials under the influence of a cationic catalyst, such as 1,2-epoxides, aminoplasts, vinyl monomers or prepolymers, or phenoplasts, are so converted by exposure to actinic irradiation or by heating in the presence of an aryloxysulfoxonium salt of formula ##STR1## where either R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 separately denote lower alkyl (optionally substituted by halogen and interrupted in the chain by --O-- or --SO.sub.2 --), or an aryl or aryloxy group, or R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 together denote a divalent group forming with the S atom a heterocyclic radical; R.sup.8 denotes an aryl group; M denotes an atom of a metal or metalloid; X denotes a halogen atom; and n is 4, 5, or 6, for instance,p-chlorophenoxy-p-tolyl-p-phenoxysulfoxonium hexafluorophosphate and 1-phenoxy-1-oxidotetrahydrothiophenium tetrafluorborate.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 1980Date of Patent: November 10, 1981Assignee: Ciba-Geigy CorporationInventors: George E. Green, Edward Irving
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Patent number: 4275174Abstract: A neutron shielding polymer composition comprising a polymerization product of a base monomer ingredient containing as an essential ingredient at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of alkyl methacrylates containing 1-4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and styrene in admixture with a saturated boric acid ester which contains as an essential constituent component a polyol containing 3-16 carbon atoms and in which a molar ratio A of said polyol to boron atoms in said boric acid ester formed from said polyol being in the range of 0.6<A<4, the boron content B (wt. %) in the total monomer mixture being in the range of 1.ltoreq.B<6.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 1979Date of Patent: June 23, 1981Assignee: Kyowa Gas Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shin-ichi Tadokoro, Hirozo Segawa
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Patent number: 4254294Abstract: Process for polymerizing olefinic hydrocarbons at a temperature from 0.degree. to 90.degree. C., preferably from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst containing aluminum oxide and, per part by weight thereof, boron oxide in a proportion of 0.01 to 1, preferably 0.07 to 0.15 part by weight and halogen in a proportion of 0.5 to 20%, preferably 4 to 12%, said catalyst resulting from the reaction of an aluminum compound of formula AlX.sub.y R.sub.(3-y) where X is halogen, R is a hydrocarbon radical and y is selected from 1, 3/2, 2 and 3, with a carrier containing aluminum oxide and boron oxide in a proportion to aluminum oxide from 1 to 100%.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1979Date of Patent: March 3, 1981Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Bernard Juguin, Jean-Pierre Franck, Jean-Francois Le Page, Gabriel de Gaudemaris
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Patent number: 4245072Abstract: A highly dispersed emulsion of an organosulfur compound is obtained by use of a coemulsification system of a surfactant, and an electrolyte, and a cosurfactant and optionally a hydrocarbon; such as a petroleum sulfonate with potassium chloride and hexyl alcohol. Conversion of organosulfur compounds into highly dispersed emulsions increases the reactivity of the organosulfur compound as a molecular weight modifier in an aqueous emulsion polymerization system and permits the efficient use of high molecular weight organosulfur compounds.Type: GrantFiled: March 6, 1979Date of Patent: January 13, 1981Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Carl A. Uraneck, Earl Clark
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Patent number: 4241204Abstract: Curable organic resin compositions, such as epoxy resins, are provided, based on the use of dialkyl hydroxy arylsulfonium salts in combination with certain organic oxidants such as iodosoaromatic esters, or the use of certain amines or transition metals in combination with organic peroxides. The curable compositions can provide flexible or rigid organic resin foam when used with a volatile organic solvent as a result of exothermic heat of cure.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 1979Date of Patent: December 23, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4173551Abstract: Aromatic onium salts, such as diaryliodonium salts, have been found to be effective thermal initiators for the polymerization of a variety of cationically polymerizable materials including epoxides, cyclic ethers, phenol formaldehyde resins, etc., when used in combination with various cocatalysts such as organic acids and copper salts.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1977Date of Patent: November 6, 1979Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: James V. Crivello
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Patent number: 4161571Abstract: A process for production of the maleic anhydride adduct of a liquid polymer having a maleic anhydride addition amount of 2 to 70% by weight, which comprises reacting a liquid polymer having a molecular weight of 150 to 5,000 and a viscosity of 2 to 50,000 cp at 30.degree. C. in the presence of at least one compound, as a gelation inhibitor, selected from the group consisting of imidazoles, thiazoles, metallic salts of mercaptothiazoles, urea derivatives, naphthylamines, nitrosamines, iron, iron compounds and specific halogen compounds, said liquid polymer being selected from the group consisting of liquid polybutadienes, liquid polyisoprenes and liquid copolymers comprising units of butadiene or isoprene and units of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of other diolefins, olefins and aromatic vinyl compounds.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1977Date of Patent: July 17, 1979Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, LimitedInventors: Seimei Yasui, Takao Oshima
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Patent number: RE35058Abstract: (Meth)acrylic ester formulations employing peroxy initiators have accelerated cure rates when the substrates to which they are applied, or the compositions themselves, include nitrite, borate, silicate or carbonate salts. The compositions should be free of acids having a PKa of 6 or less unless the composition also includes a transition metal compound.Type: GrantFiled: March 24, 1993Date of Patent: October 10, 1995Assignee: Loctite CorporationInventor: Darchun B. Yang