Abstract: Disclosed herein is a wholly aromatic polyester comprising a structural unit represented by the formula (A): ##STR1## (i) a structural unit represented by the formulae (B), (C) and (D): ##STR2## or (ii) a structural unit represented by the formulae (E), (F) and (G): ##STR3## wherein X represents a C.sub.1 to C.sub.5 -hydrocarbon group, a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, and ##STR4## wherein Y represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a SO.sub.2 group, a carbonyl group, an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, or a single bond directly connecting the two benzene rings and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A class of aromatic polyesters exhibiting melt processability is disclosed. A portion of repeating 2,2'-substituted-biphenylene radicals in an aromatic polyester is replaced by certain other aromatic radicals to provide an aromatic polyester which exhibits low-melting properties, melt processability and melt anisotropy. The aromatic polyesters can be melt processed to films and fibers.

Abstract: A high modulus polyester comprising the following structural units (I) anr (II) and (III), the structural units (I) and (II) occupying 51-99 mol % of the whole and the structural unit (III) occupying 49-1 mol % of the whole, and a high modulus shaped article obtained from the polyester: ##STR1## wherein R represents one or more divalent radicals selected from ##STR2## and X represents chlorine or bromine atom.

Abstract: Thermotropic wholly aromatic polyesters containing condensed residues of p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic and optionally terephthalic acid, hydroquinone and 3.4'- and/or 4.4'-dihydroxy diphenyl, -diphenyl ether and/or -diphenyl sulphide, have excellent mechanical properties and are nevertheless not difficult to process.

Abstract: Melt spinnable, liquid crystal aromatic polyesters which are optically anisotropic in the melt phase are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a wholly aromatic polyester comprising the structural units represented by the formulae (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group or a phenoxy group ##STR2## wherein A represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyl group, an alkylene group or an alkylidene group, or a single bond directly connecting the two benzene rings and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and R.sup.9 represent respectively a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbon group,the wholly aromatic polyester containing 5 to 50 mol % of the unit (A), 5 to 45 mol % of the unit (B), 5 to 45 mol % of the unit (C), 5 to 20 mol % of the unit (D) and 0 to 10 mol % of the unit (E), and the sum of the amounts of the unit (A) and the unit (B) and the sum of the amounts of the unit (C), the unit (D) and the unit (E) being substantially equimolar, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polyester resin by polymerizing a mixture of a diaryl terephthalate, a diaryl isophthalate or mixture thereof, a diphenol and a triaryl mellitate.

Abstract: Polyarylate polymers derived from (A) mixtures of 5-keto-bis(hydroxyphenyl)anthracene compounds with other bisphenols and (B) a mixture of isophthalic and terephthalic acid. Also disclosed are polyarylate alloy compositions comprising a 5-keto-bis(hydroxyphenyl)anthracene polyarylate and a polymer resin selected from polybisphenol A carbonate and polystyrene.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters based on diphenols, iso- and terephthalic acid, which contain terminal or lateral radicals with two conjugated double bonds, show greatly improved resistance to stress corrosion after tempering.

Abstract: Thermotropic, wholly-aromatic polyester carbonates which contain condensed radicals of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl have a reduced viscosity in the melt, without the mechanical properties of the product suffering therefrom.

Abstract: Novel heat resistant polycarbonates are provided which are the polymerized reaction products of:(i) a carbonate precursor; and(ii) at least one dihydric phenol selected from dihydric phenols represented by the general formulae ##STR1## wherein: each R.sup.1 is independently selected from halogen radicals, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, and monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radicals;each R.sup.2 is independently selected from halogen radicals, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, and monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radicals;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently selected from monovalent hydrocarbon radicals;R.sup.3 is selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals, with the proviso that if R.sup.3 is a hydrogen radical then at least one of the monovalent hydrocarbon radicals represented by R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 contains at least two carbon atoms;R.sup.7 is selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon radicals;R.sup.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters exhibiting melt processability are disclosed. The polyesters comprise repeating units of the formula ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or nitro. The polyesters exhibit low-melting properties, melt processability and melt anisotropy. The aromatic polyesters can be melt processed to films and fibers.

Abstract: Branched, high molecular weight, thermoplastic polyarylene ethers which contain nitrile groups and are composed of repeating units of the formula I--E.sub.1 --O--E.sub.2 --O--where E.sub.1 is a radical derived from a dihalobenzene compound and E.sub.2 is a radical derived from a bisphenol, and contain from 0.01 to 5 mol %, based on the radical E.sub.1, of one or more radicals derived from polyhalo compounds of the formulae ##STR1## where X is fluorine or chlorine, and their preparation.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process is provided for the formation of a polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and which optionally may include amide linkages. An approximately 0.25 to 4 percent molar excess of aromatic hydroxyl monomer and/or aromatic amine monomer and/or an esterified and/or amidated derivative thereof is provided in the polymerization zone during the polymerization reaction. Such monomer imparts dioxyaryl, diaminoaryl, or oxyaminoaryl units to the interior of the resulting polymer chains and causes the polymer chains to terminate in hydroxyl end groups and/or an esterified derivative thereof and/or amino end groups and/or an amidated derivative thereof wherein the polymer chains achieve a predetermined average chain length through the depletion of other monomers present in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: High molecular weight, thermoplastic, randomly branched polycarbonates of an aromatic dihydric phenol, a carbonate precursor, and a chain branching agent comprising at least one compound selected from the formula: ##STR1## where A is selected from alkylene radicals from 1 to 6 carbons, alkylidene radicals from 2 to 6 carbons, cycloalkylene radicals and cycloalkylidene radicals containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms;R and R' are independently selected from halogen radicals, monovalent hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and monovalent hydrocarbonoxy radicals of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms;n is an integer having a value of 0 or 1; andp and p' are integers having a value of 0 or 1.

Abstract: An aromatic polyester having improved heat resistance, hydrolysis resistance and alkali resistance which comprises recurring units of the general formula: ##STR1## and recurring units of the general formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are an alkyl or alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are the same or different and each is an alkyl or alkoxyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Cl or Br, x and y are an integer of 1 to 4, z, x', y' and z' are 0 or an integer of 1 to 4, and X is an alkylidene or cycloalkylidene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, --O--, --S--, --SO.sub.2 -- or --CO--.

Abstract: This invention relates to branched polycarbonates that are made by transesterification having a triaryl tricarboxylic acid as a branching agent.

Abstract: A method for the production of composite articles by pultrusion is provided wherein the articles comprise thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers and reinforcing fibers. The liquid crystalline polymers employed exhibit physical characteristics such that the negative slope of a dynamic viscosity-frequency curve (as defined) is less than about 0.35. The use of polymers having such rheological characteristics enables a composite material to be produced by pultrusion in which the polymer is uniformly dispersed among the reinforcing fibers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the novel monomer 4,4'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl thio)biphenyl, to a process for its production and to its use in the preparation of polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyesters, polysulfones and polyethers.

Abstract: An improved polymerization process is provided for the formation of a polyester which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and which optionally may include amide linkages. An approximately 0.25 to 4 percent molar excess of aromatic dicarboxylic acid monomer (e.g. terephthalic acid) and/or an esterified derivative thereof is provided in the polymerization zone during the polymerization reaction. Such monomer imparts dicarboxyaryl units to the interior of the resulting polymer chains and causes the polymer chains to terminate in carboxylic acid end groups and/or an esterified derivative thereof wherein the polymer chains achieve a predetermined average chain length through the depletion of other monomers present in the polymerization zone.

Abstract: Thermotropic, wholly aromatic polyesters containing condensed residues of(a) p-hydroxy benzoic acid,(b) 3-chloro-4-hydroxy benzoic acid,(c) isophthalic acid,(d) hydroquinone and(e) 3,4'- and/or 4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyl, -diphenyl ether and/or -diphenyl sulphidehave high rigidity and toughness and yet are easily processable.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid crystal copolyesters prepared from p-hydroxybenzoic acid, isophthalic and/or terephthalic acid, hydroquinone, and a mono-substituted hydroquinone wherein the substituent is selected from the group consisting of alkyls of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, phenyl and phenyl substituted with an alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, chloro, bromo, cyano, formyl, acetyl, and trifluoromethyl, wherein, when a specific amount of the hydroquinone is replaced by a specific substituted hydroquinone, the copolyester not only becomes more tractable but also unexpectedly more crystalline when compared to the unsubstituted copolyester.

Abstract: In a process for preparing aromatic polyesters (polyarylates) by heating a bisphenol (e.g., Bisphenol-A), at least one dicarboxylic acid (e.g., terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid) and acetic anhydride, a gamma-butyrolactone, such as gamma-butyrolactone, is employed a diluent, reducing sublimation of reactants, and resulting in higher molecular weight of the polymer.

Abstract: A polyester having a melt anisotropy, which consists essentially of structural units represented by the following formulae is described. ##STR1## wherein X is hydrogen, chlorine, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, methoxy, ethoxy, nitro or cyano, Ar is selected from 1,4-phenylene, chloro-1,4-phenylene, methyl-1,4-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, 3,5,3',5'-tetramethyl-4,4'-biphenylene, 1,4-naphthalene, 1,5-naphthalene, 2,6-naphthalene, dimethyl-1,4-phenylene, trimethyl-1,4-phenylene and oxy-4,4'-diphenylene, and k, l, m and n represent molar fractions of the corresponding units and they satisfy the following requirements: ##EQU1## andk+l.apprxeq.m (3)The polyester is shaped into articles such as fiber and film. The shaped article is prepared by melt shaping the polyester to form a shaped article and then heating the shaped article at a temperature in the range of from a temperature lower by 50.degree. C. than the softening point to the softening point.

Abstract: Novel copolyester-carbonates exhibiting improved processability comprised of the polymerized reaction products of (i) at least one dihydric phenol, (ii) at least one difunctional carboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof, (iii) a carbonyl halide carbonate precursor, and (iv) a processability improving amount of at least one particular bishaloformate.

Abstract: The novel polyester of the present invention is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and may be prepared on a relatively economical basis. Such polyester includes a relatively low concentration of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety in combination with a more substantial concentration of 4-oxybenzoyl moiety. Other key moieties present are 1,4-dioxyphenylene moiety, isophthaloyl moiety and terephthaloyl moiety. The polyester has been found to be capable of undergoing melt extrusion to form quality high performance fibers, films, and three-dimensional shaped articles. The inclusion of terephthaloyl moiety has been found to enhance the modulus and strength of articles formed from the polyester as well as the hydrolytic stability of the same. Additionally, such articles can be subjected to higher use temperatures than if the terephthaloyl moiety were omitted.

Abstract: Color improved polyarylates having a reduced viscosity of from about 0.1 to greater than 1.0 dl/gm produced by a process comprising the following steps:(a) reacting an acid anhydride derived from an acid containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms with at least one dihydric phenol to form the corresponding diester; and(b) reacting said diester with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to form the polyarylate, wherein the improvement comprises carrying out said process in the presence of a particular solid adsorbent.

Abstract: Shaped articles are provided containing a polymer which is capable of exhibiting anisotropy in the melt characterized in that the ratio of the stiffness in any two directions at right angles in the shaped article differs by at least 10%, and preferably by at least 50%, from the ratio in the same two directions for a control sample made from a melt consisting entirely of the polymer in anisotropic form.These may be obtained by a variety of methods including disturbing the normal flow pattern of flow into a mould by including obstacles to flow in the mould, disturbing the pattern of flow by foaming in the mould, by including fillers or by using polymers capable of existing as a bi-phase anisotropic and isotropic melt and forming shaped articles in which this two-phase disposition is retained.

Abstract: Copolyester-carbonate resins exhibiting improved processability which are derived from:(i) at least one diester-diol which is the coreaction product of an aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acid or an ester forming reactive derivative thereof and a diol;(ii) at least one dihydric phenol;(iii) at least one bishaloformate; and(iv) a carbonyl halide carbonate precursor.

Abstract: This invention is directed to novel poly(ester-carbonate)s containing repeating units derived from bis(3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and up to 80% of another dihydric phenol linked together by carbonate and arylate units. The invention is also directed to a process for preparation of this polymer.

Abstract: Copolyesters useful for fibers from hydroquinone, hydroxybenzoic acid or 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, 3,4'-dicarboxydiphenyl ether and optionally isophthalic acid or resorcinol.

Abstract: Polyaromatic ether-sulfone-ketones containing fluoro-substituted-p-cyclophane units were prepared from isophthaloyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride, diphenyl ether, diphenoxydiphenyl sulfone and a small amount of either 1,1, 2,2, 9,9, 10,10-octafluoro [2,2]-p-cyclophane (type B) or pseudo-p-1,1, 2,2, 9,9, 10,10-octofluoro [2,2]-p-cyclophane bis-acid chloride (type A) by a Friedal-Crafts type polymerization procedure. The p-cyclophane units were incorporated as cross-linking sites.

Abstract: Copolyesters useful for fibers from certain monosubstituted hydroquinones, terephthalic acid and certain disubstituted diphenyl ethers.

Abstract: Copolyester-carbonate resin compositions exhibiting improved processability comprised of (i) at least one copolyester-carbonate resin derived from (a) a carbonate precursor; (b) at least one difunctional carboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof; and (c) at least one dihydric phenol wherein the bridging divalent hydrocarbon group connecting the two aromatic residues is represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R represents a straight chain alkyl radical containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Thermoplastic aromatic copolyester-carbonate resin exhibiting improved processability derived from:(i) at least one monoester-diol which is the coreaction product of (a) at least one aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acid or an ester forming reactive derivative thereof, and (b) at least one diol selected from aliphatic diols, aliphatic ether diols, and aromatic diols;(ii) at least one dihydric phenol; and(iii) a carbonyl halide carbonate precursor.

Abstract: A process for preparing aromatic polyesters (polyarylates) by heating a bisphenol (e.g., Bisphenol-A), at least one dicarboxylic acid (e.g., terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid) and acetic anhydride, in a carefully programmed sequence of steps, resulting in a polymer of suitable inherent viscosity and good color.

Abstract: High molecular weight aromatic polyesters having a low content of end groups and a very slight inherent color can be obtained according to the phase interfacial process wherein particular amines and a slight alkali excess are used.

Abstract: Thermoplastic aromatic copolyester-carbonate resins exhibiting improved processability derived from:(i) at least one diester-diol which is the coreaction product of (a) at least one aromatic hydroxy carboxylic acid or an ester forming reactive derivative thereof, and (b) at least one diol selected from aliphatic diols, aliphatic ether diols, and aromatic diols;(ii) at least one dihydric phenol; and(iii) a carbonyl halide carbonate precursor.

Abstract: Thermotropic polyesters consisting essentially of units derived from diphenols and aromatic dicarboxylic acids are prepared via monocarboxylic acid esters of the diphenols by acidolysis in two steps. The first step is a melt prepolymerization to form a prepolymer of inherent viscosity in the range of 0.12 to 0.16 dl g.sup.-1. The second step is a melt polymerization by a single pass through a wiped film reactor, in which the film of polymer melt is subjected to a high rate of shear and to a temperature in the range within which the polyester forms an anisotropic melt phase. The polyester product has an inherent viscosity of at least about 0.5 dl g.sup.-1.

Abstract: A novel melt processable polyester urea is provided which is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase. Such polyester urea includes three essential moieties comprising (1) 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety, (2) dicarboxyaryl urea moiety as defined herein, and (3) dioxyaryl moiety. Additional ester- and/or amide-forming moieties may be present in the polyester urea polymer chain so long as they do not destroy the anisotropic character of the polymer melt phase or unduly raise its melting temperature. The polyester urea is suitable for use in high performance applications, and may be used to form via melt processing industrial yarns, reinforcing fibers, films, and molded articles. The presence of the highly polar urea linkages in the polymer chain is believed to beneficially provide strong electron interactions between adjoining polymer chains and between the polyester urea and other materials, such as rubber matrices, dyes, etc.

Abstract: The novel polyester of the present invention is capable of forming an anisotropic melt phase and may be prepared on a relatively economical basis. Such polyester includes a relatively low concentration of 6-oxy-2-naphthoyl moiety in combination with a more substantial concentration of 4-oxybenzoyl moiety. Other key moieties present are 4,4'-dioxybiphenyl moiety and terephthaloyl moiety. The polyester has been found to be capable of undergoing melt extrusion at a sufficiently low temperature to form quality high performance fibers, films, and three-dimensional shaped articles. Such product surprisingly has been found to be capable of exhibiting unusually high modulus characteristics in combination with other desirable properties.

Abstract: Polyarylate resins derived from (i) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid; and (ii) a branched alkylidene dihydric phenol, wherein branching occurs on a carbon atom of the alkylidene radical which is at least one carbon atom removed from the benzylic carbon atom bridging the two phenolic residues.

Abstract: Polyarylates derived from (i) at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid, and (ii) at least one branched dihydric phenol wherein branching occurs on the carbon atom adjacent the benzylic carbon atom.

Abstract: A polyester, a polyester/polyamide or a polyester/polyamide/polyimide polymers are prepared from (a) a diaryl terephthalate or diaryl isophthalate, and (b) an aromatic polyol or of (a) and a mixture of (b), and an aromatic diamine, or of (a), (b), (c), and (d) a triaryl mellitate, or a copolycarbonate of any of the foregoing including units derived from (e) a diaryl carbonate. The resulting polyester, polyamide, polyester/polyamide or polyester/polyamide/polyimide polymers are adapted for use as an insulating coating on an electrical conductor.

Abstract: There are provided novel polyarylates exhibiting rubbery or elastomeric properties which are derived from (i) at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid or a reactive derivative thereof, and (ii) at least one dihydricphenol which contains as the briding group joining the aromatic residues a long straight chain 1,1-alkylidene radical.

Abstract: A process for producing aromatic polyester polycarbonate particles from a methylene chloride solution of an aromatic polyester polycarbonate comprises continuously supplying the methylene chloride solution of an aromatic polyester polycarbonate to a particle-forming tank, heating it while maintaining it in a suspended state in water to evaporate methylene chloride and to form aromatic polyester polycarbonate particles, subjecting at least a part of the resulting aqueous slurry withdrawn from the particle-forming tank and containing the aromatic polyester polycarbonate particles to wet pulverization treatment and recycling the treated slurry to the particle-forming tank.

Abstract: A fiber- or film-forming wholly aromatic polyester having melt anisotropy, said polyester consisting essentially of(1) units (a) derived from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid at least 90 mole % of which consists of a p-oriented aromatic dicarboxylic acid and units (b) derived from an aromatic dihydroxy compound at least about 90 mole % of which consists of a mono-substituted hydroquinone ring-substituted by an alkyl group having at least 5 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having at least 7 carbon atoms or a mixture of said mono-substituted hydroquinone and unsubstituted hydroquinone or a substituted hydroquinone other than said mono-substituted hydroquinone, the proportion of said mono-substituted hydroquinone being at least 80 mole %; or(2) said units (a) and (b), and units (c) derived from a p-oriented aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid at least about 70 mole % of which consists of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and/or a mono-substituted p-hydroxybenzoic acid, the proportion of the units derived from the p-oriented aromat

Abstract: Melt-processible polyester which is optically anisotropic in the melt phase and which consists essentially of the following molar amounts of the recurring units, with the sum of the molar amounts being 100%:(a) about 20 to about 85%, of ##STR1## (b) about 15 to about 80% of approximately equimolar amounts of ##STR2## wherein each of X.sup.1, X.sup.2, X.sup.3, and X.sup.4 is independently selected from H, Cl, and CH.sub.3 ;Ar is selected from 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 4,4'-oxybiphenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, and 2,6-naphthylene;Ar.sup.1 is selected from ##STR3## and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters are obtained by copolycondensing isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof with bis(hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and 2,2-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propane.These aromatic polyesters have excellent molding workability. From these polyesters, colorless, transparent moldings can be obtained by compression, extrusion or injection molding methods. The products thus obtained have excellent mechanical and electrical properties and improved heat resistance.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a polyarylate having a reduced viscosity of from about 0.1 to greater than 1.0 dl/gm comprising the following steps:(a) reacting an acid anhydride derived from an acid containing from 2 to 8 carbon atoms with at least one dihydric phenol to form the corresponding diester; and(b) reacting said diester with at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to form the polyarylate, wherein the improvement comprises carrying out said process in the presence of a particular solid adsorbent.