Abstract: The invention relates to a two-step melt process for the production of thermoplastic, solvent-free, low-branching polycarbonates with low --OH terminal group content using a self-cleaning high-viscosity reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transesterification process for producing thermoplastic polycarbonates with the use of fixed bed catalysts.

Abstract: A method of producing polycarbonate resin pellets containing very less residual organic solvent and low molecular weight volatile matters and having a high transparency by melt-kneading a polycarbonate resin powder in an extruder equipped with a screw having a material seal mechanism, and vents, and devolatilizing the residual organic solvent and/or the low molecular weight volatile matters at the vent portion and then extruding the molten resin.The polycarbonate resin pellets are suitable for optical grade articles and automobile lenses.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing polycarbonate in which an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester can be effectively subjected to melt polycondensation using a small amount of a catalyst, making it possible to manufacture polycarbonate having outstanding color matching, outstanding thermal stability, color-matching stability, etc., during molding, and outstanding water resistance is characterized in that when an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester are subjected to melt polycondensation in the presence of a catalyst, the catalyst is dissolved or dispersed as a catalyst solution, this catalyst solution is added to the melt polycondensation reaction system, and the aromatic dihydroxy compound and carbonic acid diester are subjected to melt polycondensation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of UV-stable polycarbonates, to the polycarbonates obtainable in accordance with the invention and to their use for the production of sheets, more particularly plastic panels.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a non-linear optically active (NLO) side chain polycarbonate and to NLO active waveguides containing said polycarbonate. Waveguides containing this NLO polycarbonate have a low loss of signal. Polycarbonates based on bischloroformates of hexafluorobisphenol A, hexafluorotetrabromobisphenol A and bisphenol S or deuterated bisphenol A or sulphonylbiphenol are especially preferred within the framework of the invention: they were found to give an exceptionally low loss of signal. The invention further pertains to cross-linkable and already cross-linked polycarbonates. Especially preferred polycarbonates according to the invention are those where the diol comprises a rigid donor group. These polycarbonates have a high Tg, which renders them thermally stable.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially chloride-ion-free, high-molecular-weight, colorless and transparent polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing a dihydric phenol with a carbonic diester, which comprises using a carbonic diester which is substantially free from (A) phenyl salicylate, o-phenoxybenzoic acid and phenyl o-phenoxybenzoate, (B) tin ion, (C) methyl phenyl carbonate or (D) phenyl salicylate and o-phenoxybenzoic acid.A process for preparing a thermally stable polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing a dihydric phenol with a carbonic diester, which comprises using a borate or, a compound selected from the group consisting of electron-donative amines and salts thereof as a catalyst, and optionally an acidic substance.

Abstract: A heat resistant copolycarbonate comprises a component of the formula: ##STR1## and a component selected from: ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are same or different halogens or monovalent hydrocarbons, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrogen atoms or monovalent hydrocarbons, R.sup.5 and R.sup.8 are bivalent hydrocarbons,R.sup.a, R.sup.b, R.sup.c R.sup.d, R.sup.e, R.sup.f, R.sup.g R.sup.j, R.sup.k and R.sup.l are the same or different halogen atoms, hydrocarbon groups having 1-10 carbon atoms, or hydrocarbon groups having 1-10 carbon atoms which are at least partially halogen-substituted and R.sup.b and R.sup.c may also be hydrogen,m, n, s, t, u, v and w are integers from 0-4, p and q are integers from 0-3 and r is an integer from 1-10.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.

Abstract: An aromatic polycarbonate resin granule formed of an aggregate of fine powder particles, the granule having a specific surface area of 0.05 to 2.0 m.sup.2 /g, a bulk density of 0.3 to 0.8 g/ml, and an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 5 mm. At least 90% of the fine powder particles forming the granule have a particle diameter of 50 .mu.m or less, and the content of a halogenated hydrocarbon as an organic solvent in the granule is 50 ppm or less in terms of a halogen amount. The polycarbonate granule is obtained by preparing a slurry or wet paste containing a polycarbonate, in which the amount of an organic solvent based on the total amount of the polycarbonate and the organic solvent is 10 to 65% by weight, and the amount of water based on the polycarbonate is at least 5% by weight. The above slurry or wet paste is subjected to a pulverization step to form the fine powder particles in which at least 90% have a particle diameter of 50 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a two-stage melt process for the manufacture of thermoplastic, solvent-free, low-branched polycarbonates with low OH end-group contents with the use of ammonium or phophonium catalysts in the first stage and alkali and alkaline earth catalysts in the second stage.

Abstract: Polyestercarbonates, particularly those containing aliphatic dicarboxylic acid-derived structural units, are redistributed by heating in the presence of a carbonate redistribution catalyst, and, optionally, a diaryl carbonate. The redistribution products have weight average molecular weights different from, and typically lower than, the initial molecular weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transesterification process for the production of thermoplastic, solventless oligo-/polycarbonates in which aromatic diphenols and carbonic acid diaryl esters are combined and reacted in gaseous form.

Abstract: An aromatic polycarbonate is terminated by an ionic sulfonated aromatic moiety bonded to the polycarbonate by a carbonate or ester linkage. The aromatic polycarbonate can be terminated by reacting a sulfonated aromatic compound such as a sulfonated phenol, sulfonated benzoic acid, phenyl ester of a sulfonated aromatic carboxylic acid and sulfonated diphenyl carbonate with an aromatic polycarbonate, an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonate precursor, or a combination thereof. The reaction can be performed in a nonaqueous solution or a melt transesterification process. The aromatic sulfonated terminated polycarbonate can be thermally molded and displays non-newtonian melt rheology and improved solvent resistance.

Abstract: The present invention intends to provide a polycarbonate resin composition which can inhibit the deterioration of the resin, can stably afford molded articles having a high stiffness and a good appearance, and is desirable as a material of exterior automotive trims and the like.The polycarbonate resin composition which comprises 30 to 89% by weight of a polycarbonate resin (A), 10 to 50% by weight of an aromatic polyester resin (B), 0 to 50% by weight of a rubbery elastomer (C) and 1 to 30% by weight of a surface-treated talc, mica or a mixture thereof (D). If necessary, a phosphite antioxidant (E) is blended with a mixture of these components (A), (B), (C) and (D) in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the mixture. The exterior automotive trims can be obtained by molding this polycarbonate resin composition.

Abstract: The block copolymer of polyesters and polycarbonates comprises at least one of each of the constituting units of (I) and (II) having the general formulae: ##STR1## where the sign * indicates an asymmetric carbon atom; R.sub.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are either a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; m and n are respective a natural numbers ranging from 300 to 5000: The block copolymer is obtained by successive ring-opening and copolymerization of optically active .beta.-butyrolactones and cyclic carbonates in the presence of a catalyst.The block polymer obtained has high molecular weight and high melting temperature, and can thus be used as a high strength material for practical use and which has bio-degradable and hydrolyzable nature.

Abstract: Novel poly(arylester-carbonate)s of the formula ##STR1## are disclosed, as well a process for preparing such poly(arylester-carbonate)s.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing solvent-free polycarbonate using phosphazene catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention provides copolymerized copolyester-carbonates having improved flow and formability, in addition to excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, transparency, and water resistance obtained by copolymerization of two or more aromatic dihydroxy compounds and a compound capable of reacting with those aromatic dihydroxy compounds to form carbonate linkages, characterized in that, of all the constituent repeating units derived from aromatic dihydroxy compounds, 2-40 mole % are derived from resorcin and/or substituted resorcins.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing polycarbonate in which polycarbonate having outstanding color matching, outstanding thermal properties, particularly retention stability during molding, and outstanding water resistance can be effectively and easily manufactured.In the method for manufacturing polycarbonate of the present invention, an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid ester are subjected to melt condensation polymerization in the presence of a catalyst composed of(a) an aliphatic amine with 24-60 carbon atoms, and (b) an alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound.The (a) aliphatic amine having 24-60 carbon atoms should preferably be an aliphatic tertiary amine and be used in the amount of 1.times.6.sup.-6 -1.times.10.sup.-1 moles for each mole of the aromatic dihydroxy compound, and the (b) alkali metal compound and/or alkaline earth metal compound should be used in an extremely minute specified amount.

Abstract: A thermoplastic article having on the outer surface thereof a protective layer having in admixture a trihydricphenol-benzotriazole ultra violet light absorber and a thermoplastic resin preferably a polycarbonate. The protective layer may be coated on the thermoplastic substrate or it may be co-extruded with the thermoplastic substrate.

Abstract: Resin composition comprising (A) 1-99 parts by weight of a copolymeric polycarbonate, in which there are structural units represented by the following formulas (Structure 1) and (Structure 2) and the amount of the structural unit of the (Structure 2) is in the range of 2-90 mol % of the total amount of the structural units of the (Structure 1) and (Structure 2), or its mixture with a polycarbonate resin; (B) 1-99 parts by weight of SAN resin; and at the same time, of the total amount of (A) and (B) as 100 parts by weight, (C) 0.5-40 parts by weight of ABS resin and (D) 0.5-40 parts by weight of a rubber complex graft copolymer comprising rubber complex containing polyorganosiloxane and polyalkyl (meth)acrylate with a graft-polymerized vinyl monomer.

Abstract: A method for producing an aromatic polycarbonate comprises introducing to an introduction zone (having a perforated plate) a) a molten monomer mixture of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate, or b) a molten prepolymer obtained by a process comprising reacting an aromatic dihydroxy compound with a diaryl carbonate, and allowing the monomer mixture or prepolymer in the molten state to pass downwardly through the perforated plate and fall freely through a free-fall polymerization reaction zone, thereby effecting polymerization of the monomer mixture or prepolymer during the free-fall thereof. Colorless and high quality aromatic polycarbonates are thus stably produced at a high polymerization rate for a prolonged period of time, using an apparatus which has excellent sealing properties under high vacuum and maintenance of which is easy.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a non-linear optically active (NLO) side chain polycarbonate and to NLO active waveguides containing said polycarbonate. Waveguides containing this NLO polycarbonate have a low loss of signal. Polycarbonates based on bischloroformates of hexafluorobisphenol A, hexafluorotetrabromobisphenol A and bisphenol S or deuterated bisphenol A or sulphonylbiphenol are especially preferred within the framework of the invention: they were found to give an exceptionally low loss of signal. The invention further pertains to cross-linkable and already cross-linked polycarbonates. Especially preferred polycarbonates according to the invention are those where the diol comprises a rigid donor group. These polycarbonates have a high Tg, which renders them thermally stable.

Abstract: Bischloroformate oligomer compositions are prepared by passing phosgene into a heterogeneous aqueous-organic mixture containing at least one dihydroxyaromatic compound, with simultaneous introduction of a base at a rate to maintain a specific pH range and to produce a specific volume ratio of aqueous to organic phase. By this method, it is possible to employ a minimum amount of phosgene. The reaction may be conducted batchwise or continuously. The bischloroformate composition may be employed for the preparation of cyclic polycarbonate oligomers or linear polycarbonate, and linear polycarbonate formation may be integrated with bischloroformate composition formation in a batch or continuous process.

Abstract: Process for generating a vacuum and separating the condensable components of the vapors of melt-phase polycondensation in the production of polycarbonate, where at least one or two vapor jets with a downstream spray condenser are connected to the intake side of the polycondensation reactor to be evacuated, and the motive vapor is diphenyl carbonate vapor, and the spray liquid is liquid diphenyl carbonate.

Abstract: UV stabilized polycarbonates are provided having chemically combined polyhydric phenol benzotriazole carbonate units, such as 1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-[4-hydroxy-3-(N-2-benzotriazole)phenyl]ethane carbonate units and methods for making. Incorporation of the polyhydric phenol benzotriazole functional units into the polycarbonate backbone can be achieved by redistribution or transesterification under melt polymerization conditions.

Abstract: A copolymeric polycarbonate containing repeating constituent units having formula [I] below and repeating constituent units having formula [II] below in a molar ratio of from 98:2 to 40:60. ##STR1## The above-described copolymeric polycarbonates have excellent resistance to chemicals, heat resistance and flame retardancy without compromising the impact resistance and good hues intrinsic to polycarbonates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of plastics containing amide groups with elimination of CO.sub.2 by reaction of polyfunctional isocyanates, carboxylic acids and, optionally, alcohols in the presence of tertiary amines, more particularly heteroaromatic amines. The heteroaromatic amines preferably contain another heteroatom and/or substituents having +I and/or +M effects. The reaction preferably starts at room temperature. Fine-cell foams having an acid value of less than 40 and a density of at most 150 g/l can be produced in short reaction times at room temperature without any need for additional blowing agents.

Abstract: Aromatic polycarbonates manufactured by polycondensation of a dihydric compound and a carbonic acid diester using at least two reactors in series have improved color and low impurities content when filtered before the final reactor and again before the final reactor outlet.

Abstract: A composition and method is provided for making polycarbonate utilizing an effective amount of a binary catalyst system, comprising a phase transfer catalyst and a tertiary organic amine, as a condensation catalyst during the interfacial phosgenation of a bisphenol, such as bisphenol A. for improved phosgene utilization.

Abstract: A process for preparing an aromatic polycarbonate resin from an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonate diester by transesterification in the presence of a transesterification catalyst comprising; reacting a purified carbonate diester with an aromatic dihydroxy compound in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to form a polycarbonate prepolymer; said carbonate diester containing benzophenone and benzoate ester derivatives having a molecular weight of less than 1,000, each in an amount of 100 ppm or less, said polycarbonate prepolymer having a viscosity average molecular weight of 5,000 to 20,000 at a temperature of 140.degree. to 280.degree. C., the reaction pressure being from 0.1 Torr to normal pressure; polymerizing said prepolymer at a temperature of 240.degree. to 350.degree. C. in a lateral, bi-axial, self-cleaning reactor to obtain an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a viscosity average molecular weight of 15,000 to 60,000.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aromatic polycarbonate, which comprises polycondensing an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a diaryl carbonate in the presence, as a polycondensation catalyst, of at least one alkali metal salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal salts of ate-complexes of a metal element, which is silicon, germanium, stannum or plumbum, and alkali metal salts of oxoacids of said metal elements. The above aromatic polycarbonate is almost free from being colored, is also almost free from a decrease in polymerization degree when molded, and is further almost free from forming branches and insolubles.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing copolymerized polycarbonates having improved flow and formability, in addition to excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, transparency, and color tone.A method of producing copolymerized polycarbonates by melt polycondensation of two or more aromatic dihydroxy compounds with a carbonate diester, characterized in that(i) resorcin and/or substituted resorcins are used as 2-90 mole % of the aromatic dihydroxy compounds, where the sum of all the aromatic dihydroxy compounds is taken as 100 mole %, and(ii) an alkali metal compound and/or an alkaline-earth metal compound (a) is used as the catalyst.

Abstract: A method is provided for making polycarbonates utilizing an effective amount of a binary phase transfer catalyst, such as tetrabutylammonium bromide and a methyl tertiary amine as a condensation catalyst during the interfacial phosgenation of a bisphenol, such as bisphenol A. Improved phosgene utilization is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polycarbonates in which an oil-in-water emulsion is maintained throughout by employing special reaction conditions.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.A process for producing a linear, high-molecular weight (co)polycarbonate being excellent in heat resistance, hydrolysis resistance, hue and impact resistance which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of specific borates.

Abstract: A polycarbonate is produced by transesterification from a dihydroxy compound such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane and a diester of carbonic acid such as bisphenyl carbonate in the presence of a substance which contains iron in an amount of 50% by weight or less and contacts the reactants. Alternatively, a polycarbonate is produced by transesterification from a dihydroxy compound and a diester of carbonic acid in a reactor made of stainless steel and treated by electropolishing or acid pickling or buffed on a surface part thereof which contacts the reactants. As the transesterification catalyst, (a) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and (b) a nitrogen-containing, electron-donating compound and an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound are preferably used.

Abstract: A process for preparing substantially chloride-ion-free, high-molecular-weight, colorless and transparent polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing a dihydric phenol with a carbonic diester, which is substantially free from methyl phenyl carbonate or tin ion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing copolymeric polycarbonates which comprises melt polycondensing a mixture of an aromatic dihydroxy compound containing an amount of 2-90 mol % of hydroquinone or substituted hydroquinones and a diester carbonate in the presence of a catalyst containing an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound in an amount of 1.times.10.sup.-8 to 5.times.10.sup.-6 mole per mole of the total amount of the aromatic dihydroxy compound, then adding an acidic compound to the melt polycondensation product.

Abstract: Bisphenols are prepared from cyclic monoterpene precursors and high glass transition temperature polymers are prepared from bisphenols. More particularly, substantially pure 4-[1-[3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4 -methylcyclohexyl]-1-methylethyl] phenol and 4,4'-[1-methyl -4-methylethyl)-1,3-cyclohexandiyl] bisphenol are isolated and high glass transition temperature bisphenol polycarbonates are prepared.

Abstract: A polycarbonate which is not discolored and is substantially free from chlorine ions causative of discoloration, has a branching parameter G of 0.1 to 1.0 and, terminal hydroxyl groups of 20 mole % or below based on all the terminal groups of the polycarbonate, and/or, a chlorine ion concentration in the polycarbonate of 10 ppm or below, and/or, a total of an alkali metal ion concentration and an alkaline earth metal ion concentration in the polycarbonate of 1 ppm or below. A process for preparing the above polycarbonate by the melt transesterification process which comprises using a nitrogenous basic compound (a), and/or, a compound (b) containing an element selected from the group consisting of Groups IIb, IVb and Vb of the periodic table; or, a nitrogenous basic compound (a), and, a compound (c) containing an element selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, as a transesterification catalyst.

Abstract: A processes for producing a (co)polycarbonate having a low terminal hydroxyl group concentration and being excellent in heat resistance and hue, which comprises melt-polycondensing a dihydroxy compound with a carbonic diester in the presence of a catalyst for transesterification selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing basic compound, an alkali metal borate and an alkaline earth metal borate and in the presence of a specific ester compound.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially chloride-ion-free, high-molecular-weight, colorless and transparent polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing a dihydric phenol with a carbonic diester, which comprises using a carbonic diester which is substantially free from (A) phenyl salicylate, o-phenoxybenzoic acid and phenyl o-phenoxybenzoate, (B) tin ion, (C) methyl phenyl carbonate or (D) phenyl salicylate and o-phenoxybenzoic acid.A process for preparing a thermally stable polycarbonate by melt-polycondensing a dihydric phenol with a carbonic diester, which comprises using a borate or, a compound selected from the group consisting of electron-donative amines and salts thereof as a catalyst, and optionally an acidic substance.

Abstract: Polycarbonates of formula (I) wherein a is an integer from 2 to 300; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are independently a polyester residue of formula (III) wherein x and y are integers from 1 to 50, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, which are the same or different, are aliphatic straight or branched hydrocarbon chains having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R.sup.6 is an aliphatic or alicyclic straight or branched chain having from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or a polyoxyalkylene residue of formula (II), the two groups --R.sup.4 --COO and --R.sup.5 --COO being randomly distributed in the polyester residue, x and y being in any possible ratio from 0 to 100, are synthesized by reacting dihydroxy compounds with 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole. They are useful for the preparation of bioerosible matrices for biologically active compounds.

Abstract: Provided is a method for tagging thermoplastic containers using near infrared fluorescing compounds or copolymerized residues readily capable of detection. Also provided is a method for identifying a thermoplastic container. Also provided are thermoplastic polymer compositions comprised of the near infrared fluorescing compounds or residues and articles comprised of such compositions. Also provided are new compounds useful as near infrared fluorophoric markers in the practice of this invention. The methods, compositions, and compounds of the present invention thus provide a total system useful for marking, for identification purposes, the various classes of thermoplastic wastes, so that they can be identified, sorted, and subsequently recycled.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an aromatic polycarbonate resin containing benzophenone and benzoate ester derivatives which have a molecular weight less than 1,000, each in an amount of 100 ppm or less. Also disclosed is a process for preparing an aromatic polycarbonate resin from an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonate diester in which the benzophenone derivative content is 100 ppm or less by transesterification, comprising preparing a polycarbonate prepolymer having a viscosity average molecular weight of 5,000 to 20,000 using an iminocarboxylic acid or salt thereof as a transesterification catalyst and polymerizing the prepolymer in an extruder.The aromatic polycarbonate is colorless and transparent and is suitable for extrusion molding.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition which contains 1-99 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin and/or a copolyester carbonate resin, 99-1 parts by weight of a copolymer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer component, and a vinyl cyanide monomer component, and 1-40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the resin and the copolymer combined, of a copolymer obtained by grafting onto a rubbery polymer an acrylic monomer provides polycarbonate resin compositions having excellent low-temperature impact properties and outstanding moldability.

Abstract: A polycarbonate composition, and process for making same, wherein the monocarbonate and dicarbonate content is eliminated or limited to negligibly low levels by withholding introduction of chain terminator to the reaction mixture until the reaction of dihydroxy and carbonic acid derivative starting materials has run substantially to completion.