Abstract: A process for producing a plastic lens which comprises preparing a prepolymer comprising sulfur by bringing at least one compound having epithio group, sulfur and a portion of a polythiol compound into reaction with each other and, thereafter, adding rest of the polythiol compound to the prepared prepolymer comprising sulfur and allowing polymerization to proceed. A plastic lens of excellent quality which exhibits excellent weatherability in combination with a great refractive index, a great Abbe number and excellent transparency is produced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymerizable composition containing a compound represented by the general formula (1) below and a bluing agent, wherein, in the general formula (1) below, M represents a metal atom; X1 and X2 each independently represent a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom; R1 represents a divalent organic group; m represents 0 or an integer of not less than 1; p represents an integer of not less than 1 but not more than n; n represents the valence of the metal atom M; Ys independently represent an inorganic or organic residue, and when n?p is not less than 2, Ys may combine together to form a ring containing the metal atom M.

Abstract: Antireflective coatings and related polymers are disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer blend having at least one polysulfide component and at least one polythioether component is disclosed. The polymer blend offers numerous advantages, including the ability to compatibilize formulations based on either polysulfide chemistry or polythioether chemistry alone. Compositions comprising the polymer blend, particularly sealant formulations for use in aerospace applications, are also disclosed, as are multilayer sealant assemblies and methods for repairing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymerizable composition comprising Component (a): a polythiocarbonate polythiol, Component (b): an episulfide compound, and optionally Component (c): an organic compound having a functional group that is reactive to the episulfide compound. The polymerizable composition can be cured to provide a polythioether having excellent optical properties (a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number) as well as excellent mechanical properties (a high bending distortion and a high glass transition temperature) and thus exhibiting excellent properties as an optical material.

Abstract: Provided is a thioether-functional, oligomeric polythiol having pendant hydroxyl functional groups, prepared by reacting together: (a) a compound having at least two thiol functional groups; (b) a hydroxyl functional compound having triple bond functionality; and (c) a compound having at least two double bonds. Further provided is a thioether-functional, oligomeric polythiol having pendant hydroxyl functional groups, prepared by reacting together: (a) a compound having at least two thiol functional groups, prepared by reacting together: (1) a dithiol, and (2) a compound having at least two double bonds; (b) a hydroxyl functional compound having triple bond functionality; and optionally (c) an additional compound having at least two double bonds, which may be the same as or different from the compound (2). Optical articles prepared from the thioether-functional, oligomeric polythiols are also provided.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical material, the method including: blending an inorganic compound (a) containing at least one of a sulfur atom and a selenium atom and a compound (b) represented by a following formula (1) in a tank, the compound (a) and the compound (b) being blended at a ratio of 1 mass % or more and 50 mass % or less of the compound (a) and 50 mass % or more and 99 mass % or less of the compound (b) relative to a total mass of a mixture of the compound (a) and the compound (b); mixing a compound (c) containing at least one thiol (SH) group; preliminarily polymerizing the compounds; cooling the compounds; and deaerating the compounds, in which a viscosity of the composition stored in the tank is controlled during at least one of the preliminarily polymerizing, the cooling and the deaerating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfide-containing polythiols and their methods of preparation. Sulfide-containing polythiols can have a variety of uses and applications. The sulfide-containing polythiols of the present invention can be especially useful in polyurethane compositions for the manufacture of ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: A curable composition containing an inorganic compound A having sulfur atom and/or selenium atom, a compound B represented by the following formula 1: wherein m is an integer from 0 to 4, and n is an integer from 0 to 2, and a compound C selected from the group consisting of thiol compounds having one SH group and disulfide compounds which are other than the compound B and have one or more disulfide linkages. The inorganic compound A is contained in an amount from 1 to 50 parts by weight and the compound B is contained in an amount from 50 to 99 parts by weight when a total of the inorganic compound A and the compound B is taken as 100 parts by weight. The compound C is contained in an amount from 1 to 20 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight in total of the inorganic compound A and the compound B.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a polysulfide comprising the step of reacting a first hydroxyl-terminated polysulfide of formula (I) wherein n is 2 to 40, with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a second hydroxyl-terminated polysulfide which is in accordance with formula (I), a hydroxyl- and/or thiol-containing molecule, and a phosphorous sulfide to obtain a third hydroxyl-terminated polysulfide, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst if the compound is the second hydroxyl-terminated polysulfide or the hydroxyl- and/or thiol- containing molecule, and if the compound is the phosphorous sulfide, the reaction is optionally carried out in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: Provided are methods of preparing sulfide-containing polythiol including (a) introducing asym-dichloroacetone together with a polymercaptan to form a reaction product; and (b) introducing the reaction product of (a) with a material chosen from polymercaptoalkylsulfide, polymercaptan and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A composition for making a high-refractive-index resin contains a polythiol compound and a compound containing at least two iso(thio)cyanato groups, the polythiol compound having a dithioacetal, dithioketal, orthotrithioformic ester, or orthotetrathiocarbonic ester skeleton. The molar ratio of the mercapto group to the iso(thio)cyanato group in the composition is greater than 1.0 but not more than 3.0. A method for making a resin by curing the composition, a resin prepared by curing the composition, an optical element made from the resin, and a lens made from the optical element are also provided.

Abstract: A novel electrically conductive polymer, a sensor using the electrically conductive polymer, and a method for detecting a target molecule that hybridizes to a probe, using the sensor, are provided. The electrically conductive polymer has the following formula: where m is 1, 2, or 3; R is a hydroxysuccinimidyl group, a hydroxyphthalimidyl group, or a pentafluorophenolyl group; and n is zero or an integer.

Abstract: A sulfonated polyarylenethioethersulfone polymer and copolymer. The sulfonated polyarylenethioethersulfone polymer and copolymer comprises the reaction product of an aromatic dihalo functionality sulfonated monomer, an aromatic dithiol monomer, and optionally an aromatic dihalo functionality monomer. The invention also relates to methods of making the sulfonated polyarylenethioethersulfone polymer and copolymer, and to membranes made from the sulfonated polyarylenethioethersulfone polymer and copolymer.

Abstract: Conducting polymers having improved optical properties, and a method of manufacturing the conducting polymers, are disclosed. The conducting polymers are prepared by a process wherein organic ions and neutral oligomers are deposited simultaneously on a substrate surface to provide a conducting polymer film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to sulfide-containing polythiols and their methods of preparation. Sulfide-containing polythiols can have a variety of uses and applications. The sulfide-containing polythiols of the present invention can be especially useful in polyurethane compositions for the manufacture of ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: A novel electrically conductive polymer, a sensor using the electrically conductive polymer, and a method for detecting a target molecule that hybridizes to a probe, using the sensor, are provided. The electrically conductive polymer has the following formula: where m is 1, 2, or 3; R is a hydroxysuccinimidyl group, a hydroxyphthalimidyl group, or a pentafluorophenolyl group; and n is zero or an integer.

Abstract: Fluorescent functional dyes represented by the following formulas: wherein R1 is hydrogen or methyl; R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl, alkaryl, halo, and trifluoromethyl; and L is a straight chain or branched chain alkylene containing 3 to about 15 carbon atoms, the alkylene group optionally containing one or more catenary heteroatoms.

Abstract: A thiol carboxylate ester as shown by general formula (I) below, which has a half ester content of 0.0001 to 2 mass %, and favorably, which has a halogen content of not more than 2 mass % and/or to which a polymerization inhibitor such as a catechol family member is added.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for optical materials, comprising (a) a compound having in one molecule at least one structure represented by the following Formula 1: 1

Abstract: Asymmetric disulfide compounds and methods for their preparation are described. An optical product can be made of a polymer that is obtained by using at least one asymmetric disulfide compound as an essential monomer component. These polymers can be used to form an optical product having a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number and having superior heat resistance, superior weather resistance and superior transparency.

Abstract: The compositions comprise: (a) at least 40 parts by weight, preferably at least 50 parts by weight, of at least one thio(meth)acrylate monomer, (b) at least one high Abbe number monomer, (c) at the most 20 parts by weight, preferably at the most 15 parts by weight and more preferably 10 parts by weight of an aromatic polyvinyl monomer, and (d) at least one polythiol, for 100 parts by weight of (a), (b), (c) and (d). Application for the manufacture of optical lenses.

Abstract: This invention relates to star-branched anionic acrylate polymers synthesized by the free radical polymerization of a monomer(s) containing anionic functionality in the presence of chain-transfer agents containing multiple mercapto groups.

Abstract: Asymmetric disulfide compounds and methods for their preparation are described. An optical product can be made of a polymer that is obtained by using at least one asymmetric disulfide compound as an essential monomer component. These polymers can be used to form an optical product having a high refractive index and a high Abbe's number and having superior heat resistance, superior weather resistance and superior transparency.

Abstract: Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer particles with 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a hydroxyalkylamide, and heating the surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles to crosslink molecular chains existing at least in the vicinity of the surfaces of the superabsorbent polymer particles is disclosed. Surface crosslinking the superabsorbent polymer particles with a hydroxyalkylamide substantially increases both the rate of liquid absorption and the quantity of liquid absorbed and retained by the superabsorbent particles.

Abstract: A cross-linkable polymeric casting composition including an effective amount of A: an acrylic or methacrylic monomer which provides high rigidity and low color dispersion (High Abbe number) to the final product; B: a di- or polythiol compound; C: a di- or polyvinyl monomer; and optionally D: a polymerizable comonomer.

Abstract: A novel treatment and recovery process is provided which produces commercially desirable high molecular weight poly(arylene sulfide)s from undesirable low molecular weight poly(arylene sulfide)s. The novel process reduces the quantity of low molecular weight poly(arylene sulfide)s which otherwise have little or no commercial value and can require disposal.

Abstract: A cross-linkable polymeric casting composition including an effective amount ofA: an acrylic or methacrylic monomer which provides high rigidity and low colour dispersion (High Abbe number) to the final product;B: a di- or polythiol compound;C: a di- or polyvinyl monomer; and optionallyD: a polymerisable comonomer.

Abstract: A polythioether has the formulaR.sup.1 --?--R.sup.2 --S--CH(CH.sub.3)--S--!.sub.n --R.sup.2 --R.sup.1whereinR.sup.1 denotes a thiol group, a hydroxyl group, an unsubstituted amine group, a monoalkyl-substituted amine group, a monovalent radical substituted with at least one hydroxyl group, unsubstituted amine group or monoalkyl-substituted amine group, or a group that is non-reactive in the presence of an acid catalyst,R.sup.2 denotes a divalent radical, andn is an integer from 1 to 60.The polythioether is a liquid at room temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The method for preparing a crosslinked polycarbodiimide according to the present invention comprises reacting a polydicarbodiimide compound with a compound, which has in a molecule thereof two or more hydroxy or mercapto groups, in the presence of an alcoholate of an alkali metal or of an alkaline earth metal. The crosslinked polycarbodiimide obtained according to the method is excellent in heat resistance and mechanical properties.

Abstract: A hydroxy- or mercapto-bearing organic compound is caused to react with a polycarbodiimide compound in the presence of an alcoholate of an alkali metal or of an alkaline earth metal. The carbodiimide linkage in the polymer which results from the above-described reaction is crosslinked.

Abstract: An alkyl sulfide type episulfide compound represented by the following general formula (I) or (II) is herein disclosed: ##STR1## A material obtained by polymerizing/curing the above-mentioned compound is desirable as an optical material for various purposes, particularly a lens material for spectacles.

Abstract: Processes for making poly(thioether ether)s and hydroxy-terminated poly(thioether ether)s are disclosed. The poly(thioether ether)s are made by bulk free-radical polymerization of diallyl ether and an aliphatic C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 dithiol. Liquid polymers are obtained when mixtures of two or more dithiols are used. Hydroxy-terminated products are obtained by reacting the poly(thioether ether)s with allyl alcohol under free-radical conditions.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of poly-o-hydroxyamides and poly-o-mercaptoamides, a bis-o-hydroxyamide or a bis-o-mercaptoamide is reacted with a dihydroxy compound in the presence of a basic catalyst.

Abstract: A semiconductive conjugated copolymer comprises at least two chemically different monomer units which, when existing in their individual homopolymer forms, have different semiconductor bandgaps. The proportion of said at least two chemically different monomer units in the copolymer is selected to control the semiconductor bandgap of the copolymer so as to control the optical properties of the copolymer. The copolymer is formed in a manner enabling it to be laid down as a film without substantially affecting the luminescent characteristics of the copolymer and is stable at operational temperature.The semiconductor bandgap may be spatially modulated so as to increase the quantum efficiency of the copolymer when excited to luminesce, to select the wavelength of radiation omitted during luminescence or to select the refractive index of the copolymer.

Abstract: Solvent-free, fluid polythioether coating or caulking compositions having excellent room-temperature self-curing properties and excellent leveling properties are produced by mixing reactive liquid precursor components comprising a hydroxyl- or silyl-terminated amino polythioether of formula A and a hydroxyl- or silyl-terminated epoxy polythioether of formula B. The mixture is applied to a surface to the protected, preferably a hydrolyzable metal surface such as aluminum which is reactive with the hydroxyl or silyl terminal groups, and cured at room temperature for less than two hours to produce a self-leveling protective coating or gap-fill which is strongly-bonded to the surface and is flexible and stable over a wide temperature range between about -60.degree. F. and +360.degree. F.

Abstract: The invention relates to a curable polysulfide composition, which has an application in making a preserving coating, and an insulator in the field of road construction, house building, etc. The target of the invention is to obtain a stable polysulfide curable composition for which the cure rate and the cure velocity are independent of the surrounds, to allow the obtaining of vulcanized material with high grade of technical and ecological parameters, avoiding the typical unpleasant smell of mercaptane polysulfides and the toxicity of the curing agents, additives and fillers. The problems is solved using the following curable polysulfide composition: polysulfide polymer and/or copolymer containing up to 1 mol/kg SH groups, with molecular weight from 2,000 to 200,000, polysulfide degree from 2.2 to 4.0, ramification rate up to 4 mol percent and degree of polymerization of 20 to 500 in an amount of 90 to 110 pbw; modifier up to 75 pbw; curing agent from 0.

Abstract: A process for preparing an organic polysulfide polymer, such as polyethylene trisulfide, is provided which comprises contacting a dimercaptan such as 1,2-ethanedithiol with elemental sulfur using a basic catalyst wherein the dimercaptan, elemental sulfur, and basic catalyst are each present in an effective amount to effect the preparation of the organic polysulfide polymer. A process for controlling the molecular weight of an organic polysulfide polymer is also provided which comprises contacting a mercaptan with a dimercaptan and sulfur, in the presence of a basic catalyst, under conditions sufficient to prepare an organic polysulfide polymer.

Abstract: A process for preparing an organic disulfide polymer such as polyethylene disulfide which is used in batteries comprises contacting a dimercaptan such as 1,2-ethanedithiol with elemental sulfur using a mixture of a basic compound such as NaOH and an ethoxylated alcohol such as Union Carbide's TERGITOL.RTM. 15-S-7 having the formula of R.sup.2 O(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.7 H as catalyst wherein the dimercaptan is present in excess amount to effect the preparation of the disulfide polymer.

Abstract: A semiconductive conjugated copolymer comprises at least two chemically different monomer units which, when existing in their individual homopolymer forms, have different semiconductor bandgaps. The proportion of said at least two chemically different monomer units in the copolymer is selected to control the semiconductor bandgap of the copolymer so as to control the optical properties of the copolymer. The copolymer is formed in a manner enabling it to be laid down as a film without substantially affecting the luminescent characteristics of the copolymer and is stable at operational temperature.The semiconductor bandgap may be spatially modulated so as to increase the quantum efficiency of the copolymer when excited to luminesce, to select the wavelength of radiation emitted during luminescence or to select the refractive index of the copolymer.

Abstract: The polysulfide polyether of the present invention has in a main chain (i) a polyether moiety represented by --(R.sub.1 O)--.sub.n ; (ii) structural units represented by--(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O CH.sub.2 O C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --S.sub.x)--, and--(CH.sub.2 CH (OH) CH.sub.2 --S.sub.x --);and at both ends (iii) a thiol group represented by--C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O CH.sub.2 O C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --SH, and/or--CH.sub.2 CH (OH) CH.sub.2 --SH.When mixed with epoxy resins, etc., this polymer is cured at a controlled speed.

Abstract: The method of reprocessing cured polysulfide and polymercaptan elastomers includes reacting an 0.5 to 400 percent-by-weight portion of a polysulfide and/or polymercaptan elastomer with at least one liquid di- or polymercapto compound, with a plasticizer and with a filling material and with an binding agent to form a polysulfide sealing material-base component. Then a polysulfide sealing material curing agent is added to the polysulfide sealing material-base component to form the reprocessed cured polysulfide sealing material with a Shore-A-Hardeness>40 and a tensile strength>1 MPa.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a high-refractive index plastic optical material comprising a copolymer obtained by subjecting a mixture composed of a component A consisting of a dithiol compound represented by the formula I: ##STR1## wherein n stands for an integer of 1-3, and a component B consisting of divinylbenzene, said mixture containing both components in such a manner that the proportion of the component A to the component B is 0.25-3.5 in terms of weight ratio, to addition polymerization and having a refractive index of at least 1.63 and an Abbe's number of at least 27. The optical material has excellent optical properties that the refractive index is high and the dispersion is low, and moreover possesses good physical properties.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a polyimide containing reversible crosslinks comprising the step of curing a monomer having the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R' may be the same or different and each is H or lower alkyl having 1-5 carbon atoms under conditions conducive to the formation of a polyimide and thereby forming a polyimide having the formula ##STR2## R and R' are as defined above and n is an integer from 10 to 100. The polyimide may be converted to a soluble polymer by cleaving the disulfide bond in the presence of a solvent and a reducing agent. The reduced polymer may be reformed into the polymer in an oxidation step or into a modified polyimide in other reaction steps. Copolymerization processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Derivatives of melamine are disclosed having a carboxylic acid substituent on an amine nitrogen appended to the triazine ring. The compounds can be used to cross-link polymers having epoxy groups thereon.

Abstract: An optically functional element comprising an aromatic vinylene sulfide polymer as an optically changing element is disclosed. The optically functional element undergoes optical changes with low energy at a high rate to provide high contrast before and after the optical changes.

Abstract: A process for preparing polyarylene thioethers wherein thiophenols of formula ##STR1## are electrolytically polymerized in the presence of a Lewis acid and/or a proton acid.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially straight-chain polyarylene thioether by polymerizing a diphenyldisulfide of the formula ##STR1## in the presence of a lewis acid catalyst at temperatures of between -20.degree. C. and 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic self-condensation of halothiophenol to form a poly(arylene sulfide) is disclosed. The reaction mixture includes an alcohol solvent, the halothiophenol, an alkaline reagent and a catalyst comprising a Group VIII metal. The polymerization process can be carried out at pressures as low as 1 atmosphere and temperatures of 200.degree. C. or less.

Abstract: A method for producing mercaptan terminated liquid polymers with increased chemical reactivity and reduced odor is disclosed which involves heating the polymeric liquid material under conditions which avoid oxidation and depolymerization of the material while removing at least 50 weight percent of low molecular weight mercaptan compounds to produce a stripped polymer material having an increased cure rate and reduced obnoxious mercaptan odor.