Abstract: High temperature polymer electrolyte membranes bearing pyridine and tetramethyl biphenyl moieties are provided. Preferred polymers can exhibit good mechanical properties, high thermal and oxidative stability and high doping ability with strong acids. Further provided are MEA on PEMFC type single cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing spherical particles of at least one material, which comprises the steps: (A) preparation of a solution or dispersion of the at least one material in at least one water-miscible solvent or dispersion medium, (B) conversion of the solution or dispersion obtained in step (A) into individual portions comprising an amount of the at least one material corresponding to the amount present in the spherical particles by underwater pelletization and (C) introduction of the portions obtained in step (B) into a medium which is miscible with the solvent or dispersion medium from step (A) and in which the material used in step (A) is insoluble so that the solvent or dispersion medium used in step (A) is replaced by the medium which is miscible with the solvent or dispersion medium from step (A) and the material solidifies to form the spherical particle.

Abstract: Aromatic sulfonimide ionene compositions useful as monomers for polymers in electrochemical cells are prepared.

Abstract: Described herein are aromatic sulfonimide compositions that can be used to prepare polymers useful as membranes in electrochemical cells.

Abstract: Fluorinated polymers having first divalent units represented by formula, and a plurality of groups of formula —CH2—CH2—O—. Compositions containing the fluorinated polymer and solvent, and methods of treating hydrocarbon-bearing formations using these compositions are disclosed. A method of making a composition containing the fluorinated polymer is also disclosed.

Abstract: A polysiloxane compound and a fuel cell including the same where the polysiloxane compound is an organic polymer siloxane compound containing sulfonic acid groups. By using the organic polymer siloxane compound containing sulfonic acid groups, a polymer electrolyte membrane having superior characteristics such as dimensional stability and ionic conductivity, without affecting the amount of methanol crossover, can be obtained by reducing swelling due to liquids.

Abstract: A method for making a polyarylether block copolymer having amide functionality including reacting a dihydroxyaromatic compound having amide functionality and a dihaloaromatic sulfone or dinitroaromatic sulfone in the presence of a base to form a polyarylether having amide functionality and reacting the polyarylether having amide functionality with a polymer. The block copolymer and blends are also provided.

Abstract: A composition including a polyarylether copolymer is provided. The copolymer includes a polyarylether backbone; and a sulfonated oligomeric group bonded to the polyarylether suitable for use as a cation conducting membrane. Method of bonding a sulfonated oligomeric group to the polyarylether backbone to form a polyarylether copolymer. The membrane may be formed from the polyarylether copolymer composition. The chain length of the sulfonated oligomeric group may be controlled to affect or control the ion conductivity of the membrane.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device comprising an anode; a hole transport layer; a light-emitting layer; and a cathode, characterised in that the hole transport layer comprises a polymer having a repeat unit comprising a 9,9 biphenyl fluorene unit wherein the 9-phenyl rings are independently and optionally substituted and the fluorene unit is optionally fused.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer and an electrolyte membrane using the same, more precisely, a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer composed of the repeating unit represented by formula 1 and a preparation method thereof, a hydrogenated branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer, a branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer electrolyte membrane and a fuel cell to which the branched and sulphonated multi block copolymer electrolyte membrane is applied. The electrolyte membrane of the present invention has high proton conductivity and excellent mechanical properties as well as chemical stability, so it can be effectively used for the production of thin film without the decrease of membrane properties according to the increase of sulfonic acid group since it enables the regulation of the distribution, the location and the number of sulfonic acid group in polymer backbone.

Abstract: A block copolymer comprising at least one segment having an acid group and at least one segment substantially free from acid groups is provided wherein the segment substantially free from acid groups contains a structure of the following general formula (1): Ar1—Z—Ar2—O—Ar3—Om??(1) (wherein, m represents an integer of 10 or more, Ar1, Ar2 and Ar3 represent mutually independently a divalent aromatic group which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryloxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and Z represents —CO— or —SO2—, each Z in the segments representing independently —CO— or —SO2—). The block copolymer exhibits more excellent performances as a polymer electrolyte for fuel cells or the like.

Abstract: The invention concerns a polybenzazole block copolymer suitable for solid polymer electrolyte membranes application comprising: at least one block (B1) comprising recurring units (R), more than 50% of said recurring units comprising at least one benzimidazole group (formula 1a and 1b) and at least one sulfonic acid group (formula 2) [recurring units (R1)]; ?wherein E in formula 1a can be a substituted or non-substituted carbon atom or nitrogen atom, and Q in formula 1 can be a hydrogen atom or a group comprising a sulfonic acid group; and at least one block (B2) comprising recurring units (R?), more than 50% by moles of said recurring units comprising at least one benzazole group chosen among benzoxazole group (formula 3a and 3b) and benzothiazole group (formula 4a and 4b) [recurring units (R2)], ?wherein E? and E? in formula 3a and 4a, respectively, can be a substituted or non-substituted carbon atom or nitrogen atom, and the block (B2) is free from sulfonic acid groups.

Abstract: Sulfonated polymers are made by the direct polymerization of a sulfonated monomer to form the sulfonated polymers. The types of sulfonated polymers may include polysulfones or polyimides. The sulfonated polymers can be formed into membranes that may be used in proton exchange membrane fuel cells or as ion exchange membranes. The membranes formed from the sulfonated polymers exhibit improved properties over that of Nafion®. A heteropoly acid may be added to the sulfonated polymer to form a nanocomposite membrane in which the heteropoly acid is highly dispersed. The addition of a heteropoly acid to the sulfonated polymer increases the thermal stability of the membrane, enhances the conductivity above 100° C., and reduces the water uptake of the membrane.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell is described. The materials for the membrane electrode assembly are formed from sulfonated polymers. A polymer dispersion ink containing the sulfonated polymer and a mixture of solvents is used to form the electrodes on the exchange membrane. The dispersion ink allows for the electrodes to be formed directly on the exchange membrane without significantly dissolving the exchange membrane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electroluminescent polymers which contain structural units of the formula (1) and to the use thereof. The polymers according to the invention exhibit improved efficiency and a longer lifetime, in particular on use in polymeric organic light-emitting diodes.

Abstract: A diaphragm for electro-acoustic transducers, especially a diaphragm for speakers, and a film for the diaphragm excellent in the formability and the durability in high-output operation are obtained. A diaphragm for electro-acoustic transducers formed of a film that contains a polybiphenyl ether sulfone resin (A) having a specific repetitive unit or contains it and a crystalline resin (B) such as polyaryl ketone resin; and a film for use for the diaphragm.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell is provided at low cost which has excellent mechanical characteristics, resistance to oxidation and high ion conductivity, and which hardly swells. The polymer electrolyte includes a block copolymer containing a hydrophilic segment and a hydrophobic segment. The hydrophilic segment contains a structural unit represented by the following chemical formula (1).

Abstract: An oligomer having di-phenylethynyl endcaps is disclosed. The capped oligomer has the formula: D-A-D wherein D is a di-phenylethynyl endcap; and A is an oligomer selected from the group consisting of imidesulfone; ether; ethersulfone; amide; imide; ester; estersulfone; etherimide; amideimide; oxazole; oxazole sulfone; thiazole; thiazole sulfone; imidazole; and imidazole sulfone.

Abstract: Aniline copolymers and the synthesis thereof for use as antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral material) material of for the manufacture of antimicrobial objects, suitable for use in the health, food, packaging, water, paint, wood, textile, poultry, glass, paper, rubber, ceramic, seafood, sports, plastic and agricultural industries. The copolymer may be for example (A): where for example R3=H5—CO2H, —CO2Me, or —CO2Et. R is typically H or a C1-C6 alkyl, x is an integer between 1 and 0 and m indicates the degree of polymerisation. Preferred copolymers are copolymers of aniline with 3-aminobenzoic acid, 2-aminobenzoic acid and ethyl 3-aminobenzoate.

Abstract: The invention relates to sulfonimide bearing phenolic compounds and the use of those compounds to produce polyphosphazenes functionalized by one or more of those compounds alone, or in combination with cosubstituents. The invention also relates to blends of sulfonimide functionalized phosphazene polymers with other polymers, membranes formed of the functionalized polymers, and the use of those membranes in devices such as fuel cells.

Abstract: A multiblock copolymer includes a polysulfone repeating unit, a sulfonated polysulfone repeating unit and an ethylenic unsaturated group at a terminal of the multiblock copolymer. Also provided are a method of preparing the multiblock copolymer, a polymer electrolyte membrane prepared from the multiblock copolymer, a method of preparing the polymer electrolyte membrane, and a fuel cell including the polymer electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte membrane that has a high ionic conductivity and good mechanical properties and minimizes crossover of methanol can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, the structure of the multiblock copolymer can be varied to increase selectivity to a solvent used in a polymer electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: A polyarylene ether-based compound according to the present invention includes polymer components represented in general formula (1) and general formula (2): wherein Ar indicates a divalent aromatic group, Y indicates a sulfone group or a ketone group, X indicates H or a monovalent cation species, and Ar? indicates a divalent aromatic group.

Abstract: An ion-conducting polymer wherein at least 80% of the repeat units comprise an ion-conducting region and a spacer region is disclosed. The ion-conducting region has an aromatic backbone of one or more aromatic groups, wherein at least one ion-conducting functional group is attached to each aromatic group. The spacer region has an aromatic backbone of at least four aromatic groups, wherein no ion-conducting functional groups are attached to the aromatic backbone. The polymer is suitable for use as a fuel cell membrane, and can be incorporated into membrane electrode assemblies.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a crosslinked organic polymer; wherein the composition has a coefficient of friction that is in a range of ±30% of a coefficient of friction for a composition comprising the same organic polymer that is not crosslinked; and wherein the composition has a lower K factor than a K factor of the composition comprising the same organic polymer that is not crosslinked; the coefficient of friction and the K factor being measured in a thrust washer apparatus as per ASTM D-3702, where the counter stationary surface in the thrust washer apparatus comprises carbon steel having a Rockwell C hardness of 18 to 22 and a 12 to 16 micro-inch surface finish.

Abstract: A process comprising polymerizing in an aqueous medium at least one fluorinated olefin monomer other than vinylidene fluoride in the presence of a compound of formula (1): Rf(CH2CF2)m—(CH2)nSO3M ??(1) wherein Rf is a C1 to C4 linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group, m is an integer of from 1 to 6, n is from 0 to 4, M is H, NH4, Li, Na or K, and a method of altering the surface behavior of a liquid comprising adding to the liquid the composition of a compound of formula (1).

Abstract: Polymers comprising a backbone comprising at least one arylamine repeat moiety and at least one linking moiety, wherein the linking moiety does not comprise an aryl moiety. Ink formulations and organic electronic devices such as OLEDs or OPVs can be formed from the polymers and doped polymers. The polymers can be used in a hole injection layer, hole transport layer, a hole extraction layer, or as a host material in an emissive layer. Improved stability can be achieved in organic electronic devices such as OLEDs and OPVs.

Abstract: A material comprising a novolac resin having a C6-C30 aromatic hydrocarbon group substituted with a sulfo group or an amine salt thereof is useful in forming a photoresist undercoat. The undercoat-forming material has an extinction coefficient sufficient to provide an antireflective effect at a thickness of at least 200 nm, and a high etching resistance as demonstrated by slow etching rates with CF4/CHF3 gas for substrate processing.

Abstract: A method for polymerizing a monomer represented by the formula (1) or copolymerizing a monomer represented by the formula (1) and a monomer represented by the formula (2) in the co-presence of a condensation agent comprising a transition metal complex, to thereby produce a polymer compound represented by the formula (3): X1—Ar1—X2 (1) X3—Ar2—X4 (2) —(Ar1)q-(Ar2)r- (3) [X1, X2, X3 and X4 represent groups separating in the condensation, Ar1 represents a two-valent aromatic group having at least a sulfonic acid or a sulfonic acid via a connecting group as a substituent, q represents a positive number, r represents 0 or a positive number, and the sum of q and r is 300 or more], characterized in that the above condensation agent and the above monomer are mixed at a temperature of 45° C. or higher. The above method allows the production of a polymer compound which exhibits excellent fuel cell characteristics and has a high molecular weight.

Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to functionalized zwitterionic chromophores of structural formula III and III?. Wherein A is a linear or branched alkyl group having up to 20 carbon atoms and the desired functional groups, B is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halo, heterocyclic, alkoxy or nitro groups at 2, 3, 5 or 6 positions on the pyridine ring, C is hydrogen, aryl or a linear or branched alkyl group at 2?, 3?, 5? or 6? positions on the benzene ring, which has up to 70 carbon atoms and contains the desired functional group, D is a linear or branched alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl group, which has up to 70 carbon atoms and contains the desired functional group, R is C1-C4 alkyl or aryl, and m is an integer of from 0 to 4.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having a formula: where R1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, CH2(OC2H4)OCH3, and —(OC2H4)OCH3; n is 0-4; Olig is an oligomer having a formula: -L-O-PAGR.R2]q where L is a optional linker moiety selected from the group consisting of —CH2O—, —CH2OX—, —OX—, —C(O)—, —C(O)X, —NH—, —NHC(O)—, —XNHC(O)—, —NHC(O)X—, —C(O)NH—, —C(O)NHX—, and where X is alky1-6 or is not present, Y is N or O or is not present, and R3 is alkyl1-6; PAG is a linear or branched polyalkylene glycol moiety; R2 is an alkyl1-22 capping moiety if X is present or alkyl2-22 if X is not present; and q is a number from 1 to the maximum number of branches on PAG; and m is 1-5.

Abstract: A non crosslinked, covalently crosslinked and/or ionically crosslinked polymer, having repeating units of the general formula (1) —K—R—??(1) In which K is a bond, oxygen, sulphur, the radical R is a divalent radical of an aromatic or heteroaromatic compound.

Abstract: A molecular-oriented polymer gel and its cast film obtained by self-assembly of a self-organizable amphiphilic compound and a monomer interacting with the amphiphilic compound, and then polymerizing the monomer, and their production methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to copolymer complexes of the formula (I): wherein [Ax-[B(C)]y-Dz] denotes a single unit of the copolymer complex that is repeated n times, wherein n is an integer greater than one, and wherein the single unit comprises a conjugated backbone coordinated to a complex (C) comprising rare earth metal(s); x, y and z are numbers greater than zero such that x=y+z; A is independently selected from a group consisting of: fluorene, carbazole, oxadiazole, triphenylamine or derivatives thereof; B is a functional ligand selected from the group consisting of: benzoic acid, 1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione, 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2-bipyridine, or derivatives thereof; and D is independently selected from a group consisting of: fluorene, carbazole, oxadiazole, triphenylamine or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A technique is described for the preparation of polymers according to a process in which the starting compound of formula (I) is polymerized in the presence of a base in an organic solvent. No end chain controlling agents are required during the polymerization to obtain soluble precursor polymers. The precursor polymer such obtained comprises structural units of the formula (II). In a next step, the precursor polymer (II) is subjected to a conversion reaction towards a soluble or insoluble conjugated polymer by thermal treatment. The arylene or heteroarylene polymer comprises structural units of the formula III. In this process the dithiocarbamate group acts as a leaving group and permits the formation of a precursor polymer of structural formula (II), which has an average molecular weight from 5000 to 1000000 Dalton and is soluble in common organic solvents. The precursor polymer with structural units of formula (II) is thermally converted to the conjugated polymer with structural formula (III).

Abstract: A polysulfone composition is provided having a total luminous light transmittance of 84% or greater when measured on 0.1 inch thick specimens using ASTM D-1003. The specimens also meet at least one of the following two conditions: 1) a yellowness index (YI) of less than about 5.0 as measured according to ASTM D-1925 on 0.1 inch thick specimens, or 2) a color factor (CF) of less than about 25, wherein CF is defined by the following equation: CF=270[(x+y)sample?(x+y)air]/t wherein x and y are chromaticity coordinates measured in transmittance mode and t is sample thickness in inches. Another polysulfone composition is provided comprising a polysulfone, an organic phosphorous-containing melt stabilizer, and at least one of the following additives: a blue to violet dye, and an organic optical brightener. The polysulfone composition of the present invention is used to form transparent molded articles such as ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: A novel aromatic polyamide compound, a polymerization method thereof, and an optical film for use in a flexible display substrate produced using the same are disclosed. The aromatic polyamide compound is a copolymer comprising a repeating unit of a para-substituted aromatic diamine and a repeating unit of a meta- or meta-para-substituted aromatic diamine. The aromatic polyamide compound is colorless and transparent, excellent in heat resistance, and excellent in processability such as the compound being easily dissolved in a polar organic solvent without the addition of an inorganic salt. Therefore, the aromatic polyamide compound is suitable for producing the optical film for use in a display substrate.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte that may be used in a fuel cell includes sulfonated polyether ketone ketone and a cross-linking agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conjugated polymer with provided thereon at least one molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) and a method for preparing such a polymer. The conjugate polymer provided with at least one MIP according to the invention combines both transducer properties and selectivity properties in one single material. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for use in chemo- or bio-sensors. Furthermore, the conjugate polymer provided with at least one MIP may be used in electronic devices and in chromatography, molecular recognition, selective sample enrichment or in catalysis.

Abstract: Ether nitrile co-polymers containing sulfonic acid groups, including wholly aromatic poly(aryl ether ether nitrile)s containing sulfonic acid groups (SPAEEN)s, and poly(phthalazinone ether ketone nitrile) co-polymers containing sulfonic acid groups (SPPEKN)s, intended for fuel cells applications as proton conducting membrane materials, were prepared.

Abstract: The present invention provides both crosslinked polymer compositions capable of forming hydrogels upon exposure to an aqueous environment and thiosulfonate hydrogel-forming components. The thiosulfonate hydrogel-forming components of the invention are preferably multi-arm thiosulfonate polymer derivatives that form a crosslinked polymer composition when exposed to a base without requiring the presence of a second cross-linking reagent, redox catalyst, or radiation. Methods for forming hydrogel compositions, as well as methods for using the hydrogels, are also provided.

Abstract: A method for producing a polyarylene comprising polymerizing only a dihalobiphenyl compound represented by the formula (1): wherein A represents a C1-C20 alkoxy group etc., R1 represents a fluorine atom etc., X1 represents a chlorine atom etc., and k represents an integer of 0 to 3, or a dihalobiphenyl compound represented by the formula (1) with an aromatic compound represented by the formula (2): or an aromatic compound represented by the formula (3): X3-Ar5-X3??(3) wherein a, b and c represents 0 or 1, n represents an integer of 5 or more, Ar1, Ar2, Ar3 and Ar4 represents a divalent aromatic group etc., Y1 and Y2 represents a single bond etc., Z1 and Z2 represents —O— or —S—, and X2 and X3 represent a chlorine atom etc., in the presence of catalytic amounts of a divalent nickel compound, a trivalent phosphorus ligand and zinc.

Abstract: N-heterocyclic functionalized polymers and methods of use in fuel cells. Phenoxy-substituted polyphosphazenes and phosphazene trimers functionalized with azoles can provide polymer electrolyte membranes with high thermal stability coupled with a large number of proton binding sites per monomer unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to triazole salts, to their preparation and to applications thereof. The salts have at least one anionic triazolium group which carries at least one chlorosulphonyl, fluorosulphonyl or alkoxyfluorosulphonyl group, each of the anionic groups being combined with a proton or a cation that has a valency of less than or equal to 4. The salts are useful as synthesis reagents, as chemical-reaction or polymerization catalysts, and as ion-conducting materials for electrochemical generators, supercapacitors and electrochromic devices.

Abstract: A polymer for ion conductor applications includes a polymer segment having a perfluorocyclobutyl moiety and a polymer segment not having such a moiety. One of these polymer segments is sulfonated to improve ionic conductivity. Fuel cells incorporating the ion conducting polymers are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of polysulfones having a yellowness index according to DIN 6167 of less than 19 and polyether sulfones having a yellowness index according to DIN 6167 of less than 30, wherein the polymerization is carried out in basic, aprotic solvents with the use of a positively conveying stirrer passing close to the wall. The present invention also relates to the polyether sulfones and polysulfones obtainable for the first time by this process and to the use of such polymers for the production of moldings, films, membranes and foams.

Abstract: Materials are provided that may be useful as ionomers or polymer ionomers, including compounds including bis sulfonyl imide groups which may be highly fluorinated and may be polymers.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer having a structural unit expressed by the following general formula (1a): wherein a1 represents an integer of 1 or more; Ar1 represents a divalent aromatic group having an ion-exchange group, and may have a substituent other than an ion-exchange group; Ar0 represents a divalent aromatic group that may have a substituent; when a1 is 2 or more, a plurality of Ar0s may be the same or different from each other; and X represents a divalent electron withdrawing group.

Abstract: A system and method for treating and preventing loss of visual acuity. The system comprises a vision correcting lens, such as a contact lens, having a material with a regular pattern of orientation of polarizable molecular bonds, so as to create a birefringent effect. Off-axis light rays are refracted through the contact lens so as to focus in front of the retina, whereas on-axis light rays pass through the contact lens without refraction, such that their focal point on the fovea is unaltered. In an exemplary embodiment, a contact lens of the present invention is capable of independently altering the refractive state of the eye in relation to fovea and peripheral retina so as to simultaneously correcting visual acuity while minimizing the signal for axial growth and hence myopic progression.

Abstract: The present invention provides both crosslinked polymer compositions capable of forming hydrogels upon exposure to an aqueous environment and thiosulfonate hydrogel-forming components. The thiosulfonate hydrogel-forming components of the invention are preferably multi-arm thiosulfonate polymer derivatives that form a crosslinked polymer composition when exposed to a base without requiring the presence of a second cross-linking reagent, redox catalyst, or radiation. Methods for forming hydrogel compositions, as well as methods for using the hydrogels, are also provided.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte membrane for solid polymer fuel cells, or the like is provided that is chemically stable in a strong acid atmosphere, and has low methanol cross-over as well as high proton conductivity. The solid electrolyte membrane is manufactured, using an electrolyte composition comprising a sulfonic acid group-containing polymer having a specific triazine structure. This polymer can be synthesized, for example, from a sulfonic acid group-containing dihydroxy compound having a triazine structure, and a difluoride.