Abstract: Novel methods for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases caused by tissue-adhering bacteria are disclosed. By interacting with periplasmic molecular chaperones it is achieved that the assembly of pili is prevented or inhibited and thereby the infectivity of the bacteria is diminished. Also disclosed are methods for screening for drugs as well as methods for the de novo design of such drugs, methods which rely on novel computer drug modelling methods involving an approximative calculation of binding free energy between macromolecules. Finally, novel pyranosides which are believed to be capable of interacting with periplasmic molecular chaperones are also disclosed.

Abstract: Aminoalkyl glucosamine phosphate compounds that are adjuvants and immunoeffectors are described and claimed. The compounds have a 2-deoxy-2-amino glucose in glycosidic linkage with an aminoalkyl (aglycon) group. Compounds are phosphorylated at the 4 or 6 carbon on the glucosamine ring and comprise three 3-alkanoyloxyalkanoyl residues. The compounds augment antibody production in immunized animals as well as stimulate cytokine production and activate macrophages. Methods for using the compounds as adjuvants and immunoeffectors are also disclosed.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to differentially protected glycosyl phosphates. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the preparation of glycosyl phosphates from glycal precursors. In another aspect of the present invention, glycosyl phosphates are used as glycosyl donors in glycosylation reactions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of phosphorylated carbohydrates and pharmaceutical compositions comprising as a pharmaceutically active ingredient at least one of these compounds.

Abstract: Aminoalkyl glucosaminide phosphate (AGP) compounds that are adjuvants and immunoeffectors are described and claimed. The compounds have a 2-deoxy-2-amino glucose in glycosidic linkage with an aminoalkyl (aglycon) group. Compounds are phosphorylated at the 4 or 6 carbon on the glucosaminide ring and comprise three 3-alkanoyloxyalkanoyl residues. The compounds augment antibody production in immunized animals as well as stimulate cytokine production and activate macrophages. Methods for using the compounds as adjuvants and immunoeffectors are also disclosed.

Abstract: D-mannoside-6-phosphate compounds having anti-inflammatory activity are disclosed, and use thereof in treating inflammatory diseases, particularly cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new lipoteichoic acid which can be isolated from the new Streptococcus sp DSM 8747. The new LTA is called LTA-T. It has a lipid anchor, which is a galacto-furanosyl-beta-1-3-glycerol with different rests of fatty acids esterified in the two adjacent hydroxy groups in the glycerol moiety and a non-glycosylated, linear, unbranched GroP chain with an unusual short hydrophilic GroP chain. The hydrophilic backbone consists of only 10 glycerophosphate units esterified with D-alanine in an extent of 30%. The invention further concerns a pharmaceutical composition with the new LTA-T, optionally together with a monokine and/or hyaluronidase, a method of treating cancer comprising administration of an antitumor effective amount thereof, a method of producing the new compound and the new pharmaceutical composition, two degradation products of the new LTA-T and their use, and the new Streptococcus strain from which the new compound can be isolated.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of nucleoside dimers containing an L-sugar in at least one of the nucleosides.

Abstract: Libraries are synthesized with oligomeric carbopeptoids and carbonucleotoids. Carbopeptides are oligosaccharides having carbohydrate subunits linked to one another by amide bonds. Carbonucleotoids are oligosaccharides having carbohydrate subunits linked to one another by phosphodiester bonds. Carbopeptide libraries may be fabricated using automated polypeptide synthesizers.

Abstract: Aminoalkyl glucosamine phosphate compounds that are adjuvants and immunoeffectors are described and claimed. The compounds have a 2-deoxy-2-amino glucose in glycosidic linkage with an aminoalkyl (aglycon) group. Compounds are phosphorylated at the 4 or 6 carbon on the glucosamine ring and comprise three 3-alkanoyloxyalkanoyl residues. The compounds augment antibody production in immunized animals as well as stimulate cytokine production and activate macrophages. Methods for using the compounds as adjuvants and immunoeffectors are also disclosed.

Abstract: A combinatorial chemical library of compounds structurally related to the moenomycin class of antibiotics has the formula ##STR1## wherein D is a donor mono- or disaccharide, A is an acceptor monosaccharide, and P-R is a lipophosphoglycerate mimetic group. Members of the library have a glycosidic linkage between the anomeric carbon of D and the C2 carbon of A, and the D-A moiety is in turn covalently linked through the anomeric carbon of A to the P-R group. Members of the library exhibit their greatest structural diversity in terms of substitutions occurring at the C3 position of the A residue, substitutions at the C2 position of the D residue, and different P-R groups used in assembling the compounds. Members of the library are preferably synthesized by solid phase techniques involving stepwise coupling of the respective units to a support, functionalizing the A and/or D saccharides either before or after immobilizing them on the support, and cleaving the assembled compounds from the support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bismuth salts of antibiotics of the moenomycin group, processes for their preparation, their use and pharmaceuticals comprising such salts. The salts according to the invention contain antibiotics of the moenomycin group which are so-called phosphoglycolipid antibiotics and which are present individually or as a mixture, or derivatives thereof, and bismuth in defined stoichiometric ratios. They are outstandingly suitable, in particular, for controlling Helicobacter pylori and, thus, for example, for the therapy and prophylaxis of gastric disorders.

Abstract: Sucrose ester and ether products, useful as food or beverage bulking agents, reduced calorie sweeteners, fat replacement agents, stabilizing agents, thickening agents and emulsifying agents; adhesives; biodegradable plastics and films; sizing agents for paper and textiles; ethical pharmaceuticals and new fibers are prepared by using a two-phase reaction system in which sucrose is dissolved in an alkaline, aqueous solution and an acidic reagent such as a bifunctional acid dichloride or epoxide is added to the sucrose in a water-immiscible organic solvent. Several types of products are produced: water-insoluble sucrose ester (ether) copolymers; water-soluble sucrose ester (ether) copolymers; sucrose ester (ether) dimers; and intramolecular, cyclic sucrose esters (ethers). These products can be further varied by using different kinds of acid dichlorides or epoxides that contain different kinds of functional groups.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleoside dimers containing an L-sugar in at least one of the nucleosides and their pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new protein, designated Rib, and subfragments, multiples or variants thereof, which confers protective immunity against infection with many group B streptococcal strains, in particular those of serotype III. The invention includes a procedure for purification of the protein, a procedure for preparation of highly specific antibodies, a reagent kit, a DNA sequence encoding the protein and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the protein or fragments or variants thereof.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for using fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) to reduce and prevent two very serious problems caused by surgery that requires cardiopulmonary bypass. Before bypass begins, a liquid that contains FDP is intravenously injected into the patient, preferably over a period such as about 10 to 30 minutes, to allow the FDP to permeate in significant quantity into the heart and lungs while the heart is still beating. FDP can be added to the cardioplegia solution that is pumped through the heart to stop the heartbeat, and/or during bypass. This treatment was found to reduce two very important and serious problems that have unavoidably plagued CPB surgery in the past, which are: (1) elevated levels of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which includes pulmonary hypertension; and (2) high occurrence rates for atrial fibrillation. Prior to this discovery, there has never been any satisfactory treatment which could reduce the severity and occurrence rates for these two major problems.

Abstract: Compounds which bind to selectin receptors and thus may modulate the course of inflammation, cancer and related processes by intervening with cell-cell adhesion events. Further, such compounds can be used for identification and analysis of such receptors. In this regard the invention is directed to compounds of formula (I). ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is independently H, alkyl, aryl, an aryl alkyl, alkenyl or one or more additional saccharide residues; R.sup.2 =H or OH provided that when R.sup.2 is H, R.sup.3 is OH; R.sup.3 =H or OH provided that when R.sup.3 is H, R.sup.2 is OH; X=H, SO.sub.3.sup.- or PO.sub.4.sup.- ; Y is independently H, OH, OR.sup.4 or NHCOR.sup.4, wherein R.sup.4 is alkyl, and Z is an organic acid residue. .alpha.-L-Fucose residue can be modified or replaced with suitable bioisosters or a different saccharide residue such as D-mannose. Modification of L-fucose may include replacement of each or all of the hydroxyl groups with H or OR' wherein R' can be methyl, ethyl or allyl groups.

Abstract: Polyribosylribitol phosphate oligosaccharides are produced in a multistep process. The compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a first protecting group and R.sub.2 is a second protecting group, is coupled to a solid polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (PEG) support. Following removal of the first protecting group, the resulting compound is coupled with a repeating unit for chain elongation of the formula: ##STR2## The protecting group is removed from the phosphorus atom and the steps of removing the first protecting group, coupling with the repeating unit is repeated until the desired number of repeating units in the oligomer has been terminated. The oligomer then is terminated with a chain terminating molecule of the formula: ##STR3## wherein m is an integer and R.sub.3 is a third protecting group.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the production of antibodies against lipid A by using encapsulating slow-releasing delivery materials or devices containing concentrations of lipid A that are greater than could be given safely to humans in the absence of said materials or devices. The antibodies to lipid A can be used for binding the antibodies to the lipid A that are present in the lipopolysaccharide that coats the surface of the Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: Caged acyloxyalkyl esters of phosphate-containing inositol phosphates which are capable of permeating cell membranes. The second messengers are protected (caged) at the 6-hydroxyl, with a photolabile group. Once inside the cell, the ester derivatives undergo enzymatic conversion to remove the acyloxyalkyl ester groups. The resulting caged compound remains biologically inactive until exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light. Upon UV light exposure, the active form of the second messenger is released within the cell.

Abstract: Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP), a sugar-phosphate compound, can be useful in treating asthma, when administered as an inhalable drug, either by itself or as a component of a mixed formulation. On a cellular level, inhalable FDP appears to offer at least four beneficial effects for asthma sufferers: (1) it reduces histamine release by activated mast cells; (2) it suppresses production of oxygen free radicals by polymorphonuclear cells; (3) it helps suppress the activation and proliferation of T-lymphocytes; and, (4) it helps reduce the expression of interleukin compounds by T-lymphocytes. All four effects have been measured and shown to occur in animal and/or human tests, and these effects render FDP likely to help reduce and retard the progressive worsening of asthma that occurs in many sufferers. In addition, when tested in inhalable form on humans, FDP was shown to increase bronchial flow rates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vaccine composition for enhancing the immune response of a mammal against a selected antigen. The vaccine composition of the invention comprises a combination of the selected antigen and a Candida spp. antigen. Selected antigens include, for example, a bacteria, yeast, rickettsia, protozoa, virus, parasite or components thereof. The composition may also contain adjuvants known in the art. A preferred vaccine composition for immunization against the selected antigen Cryptosporidium parvum is disclosed. The invention also provides a method for enhancing the immune response of a mammal against a selected antigen utilizing the vaccine compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Perfluoroalkylated amphiphilic phosphorus compounds, corresponding to the formulae: ##STR1## wherein V is O or S;R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are H or substituted or unsubstituted perfluoroalkylated or hydrocarbon radicals;provided thatR.sup.1, R.sup.2 or R.sup.3 is a perfluoroalkylated radical; and Y and Z are radicals which can bear a part derived from a sugar, a polyol, or a hydrophilic polymer such as polyethyleneglycol, a perfluoroalkylated part or a part derived from a pharmaceutically active molecule, and method for their preparation and use. These compounds can be included in preparations, emulsions, dispersions, gels, microemulsions, notably for biomedical uses.

Abstract: Acyloxyalkyl esters of phosphate-containing second messengers which are capable of permeating cell membranes. Once inside the cell, the ester derivatives undergo enzymatic conversion to the biologically active form of the second messenger. The acyloxyalkyl esters have the formula: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 to A.sub.6 is H, OH, F or ##STR2## wherein R is an alkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and R' is H or CH.sub.3 or R is CH.sub.3 and R' is CH.sub.3 and wherein at least one of A.sub.1 to A.sub.6 is a phosphoester having the formula set forth above.

Abstract: Inhibitors of E-, P- and L-selectin binding are synthesized by an aldol addition reaction between a glycoside aldehyde precursor and dihydroxyacetone phosphate or a derivative thereof. The addition reaction is catalyzed by aldolase. The inhibitors exhibit an activity comparable to sialyl Lewis X with respect to the E-selectin binding assay and high activities in the P- and L-selectin binding assays. The inhibitors are employable for blocking neutrophil inflamatory conditions.

Abstract: The oral delivery of many classes of drugs is facilitated by converting drugs having suitable functional groups to 1-O-alkyl-, 1-O-acyl-, 1-S-acyl, and 1-S-alkyl-sn- glycero-3-phosphate derivatives. The method confers the ability to be absorbed through the digestive tract to drugs that are not orally bioavailable in the non-derivatized state, and enhances the effectiveness of drugs that are poorly absorbed or rapidly eliminated. The method provides orally bioavailable lipid prodrugs of pharmaceutical compounds having diverse physiological activities, including anticancer and antiviral agents, anti-inflammatory agents, antihypertensives and antibiotics. Potency of the lipid prodrugs is comparable to that of the corresponding non-derivatized drugs.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## in which: R.sup.1 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, fluorine, or --OP(O)(OH).sub.2 ; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently optionally substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl; R.sup.4 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, or --OP(O)(OH).sub.2, where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 is --OP(O)(OH).sub.2 ; and R.sup.5 is hydroxy, protected hydroxy, or fluorine; provided that, except where at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is fluorine, then at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl having (i) at least one halogen substituent and (ii) at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy and C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyloxy or at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is a substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acyl which is substituted by at least one halogen-substituted C.sub.6 -C.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed are lipid A analogs useful for the treatment of septic shock and LPS-mediated activation of viral infection.

Abstract: Acyloxyalkyl esters of phosphate-containing second messengers which are capable of permeating cell membranes. Once inside the cell, the ester derivatives undergo enzymatic conversion to the biologically active form of the second messenger. Acyloxyalkyl esters of second messengers, such as cAMP, cGMP, inositol triphosphate and inositol tetraphosphate are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds that exhibit selectin binding activity are described and have the following structural formula: ##STR1## where W is selected from a group including structures a-d below ##STR2## wherein p is an integer of from 0-2, q is an integer of from 0-3, and r is an integer of from 0-5;A is selected from the group consisting of .alpha. and .beta. forms of sialic acid, Kemp's acid, quinic acid, R and S forms of mandelic acid, R and S forms of glyceric acid, R and S forms of lactic acid, propionic and acetic acid, and esters and amides thereof, --SO.sub.3, sulfonate, --PO.sub.3, phosphonate, trifluoromethyl, diazine and triazine;B is selected from a group consisting of .alpha. and .beta. forms of fucose, arabinose and esters and substituted forms thereof wherein one or more of the OH groups is independently substituted with F, N.sub.3, NHAc, NHCOCF.sub.3. The remaining variable are described in the specification.

Abstract: A novel disaccharide derivative represented by the following formula, which is the compound of the present invention, its stereoisomers and salts and a medicinal composition comprising the same as an active ingredient. ##STR1## The compound of the present invention has various biological activities, for example, potent mitogenic activity, adjuvant activity, polyclonal B cell activating (nonspecific protective) activity, natural killer activity, antitumor activity, antiviral activity, etc. but little harmful effects, for example, function of inducing the production of so-called inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-1 from macrophages. Therefore it is highly useful as an immunopotentiator, an antitumor agent, an antiviral agent as well as an agent for preventing and treating sepsis, chronic rheumatoid arthritis, etc. without showing any harmful effects such as lethal toxicity or pyrogenicity as observed in the conventional lipid A and derivatives thereof.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient selected from the group consisting of trisphosphorylated pentoses, pentitols or anhydropentitols, trisphosphorylated hexoses, hexitols or anhydrohexitols and trisphosphorylated heptoses, heptitols or anhydroheptitols. The active ingredient can also be present in the form of a salt. The invention also includes a method of preventing or alleviating tissue damage in mammals, including man. The method comprises administering an effective amount of the pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of glycoconjugates of phosphorus amides with the general formula ##STR1## where the connection of the sugar with the phosphoric acid amide mustard residue, and the ifosfamide mustard residue, respectively, occurs preferably in the 1-position, and where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 ; which can be the same or different, denote hydrogen, lower C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 haloalkyl and where as sugar there can be present mono-, di-, or polysaccharides in all existing isomeric and enantiomeric forms, wherein in a known way protected brominated sugars are conjugated with the respective phosphorus compounds, and freed of the protective residues, and to the use of said compounds as anti-tumour drugs.

Abstract: A biologically active oligosaccharide compound comprising at least two L hexose rings connected together by an ether oxygen atom. The ether oxygen atom is connected to a first of the rings at the first carbon atom to the right of the hexose ring oxygen atom. The compound contains at least one sulfate or phosphate group connected to the first ring at the third carbon atom to the right of the ring oxygen or to a methyl group at the fifth carbon atom to the right of the ring oxygen atom.The invention further includes the method for using the above oligosaccharide compound to detect .alpha. 1,3-L-fucosyltransferases or to block the activity of such .alpha. 1,3-L-fucosyltransferases or structures which mimic the structure of such fucosyltransferases to the extent that such structures bind to compounds of the present invention, e.g., as in the case of HIV virus.

Abstract: Disclosed are lipid A analogs useful for the treatment of septic shock and LPS-mediated activation of viral infection.

Abstract: Carbon linked glycosyl compounds are disclosed and synthesized. The synthesis employs a blocked carbohydrate donor and a blocked glycosyl acceptor. The blocked carbohydrate donor includes an acid labile phosphite leaving group attached to the anomeric carbon. The blocked glycosyl acceptor includes an unprotected carbon susceptible to electrophilic attack. The reaction is initiated by the addition of a Lewis acid so as to activate the acid labile phosphite leaving group on the carbohydrate donor. The substitution reaction may be conducted at -78.degree. C. in a solvent which favors the formation of carbon linked glycosylation products.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sub.1, R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 and R.sub.2 ' independent of each other is a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or linear C.sub.1-12 alkyl, alkene or alkyne group, R.sub.3 is OH, OCH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 COOH or ##STR2## wherein each of R.sub.2" and R.sub.2 '41 independent of each other is a substituted or unsubstituted, branched or linear C.sub.1-12 alkyl, alkene or alkyne group and:A=NH.sub.2, X=P(OH), Y=Z=C, B=OCH.sub.3, orA=OH, X=P(OH), X=Z=C, B (if present)=OCH.sub.3, orA=OCO(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2, X=P(OH), Y=Z=C, B=OCH.sub.3,wherein n=1-10, orA=OH, X=P(OH), Y=Z=C, B=O(CH.sub.2).sub.n CO.sub.2 H, wherein n=1-10, orA=OH, X=P(OH), Y=Z=C, B=(CH.sub.2).sub.n CO.sub.2 H, wherein n=1-10, orA=NH.sub.2, X=Z=C, Y=P(OH), B=OCH.sub.3, orA=OH, X=Z=C, Y=P(OH), B (if present)=OCH.sub.3, orA=OCO(CH.sub.2).sub.n NH.sub.2, X=Z=C, Y=P(OH), B=OCH.sub.3, wherein n=1-10, orA=OH, X=Z=C, Y=P(OH), B=O(CH.sub.2).sub.n CO.sub.2 H, wherein n=1-10, orA=OH, X=Z=C, Y=P(OH), B=(CH.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel Lewis.sup.x and Lewis.sup.a analogues, pharmaceutical compositions containing such analogues, methods for their preparation and methods for their use.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing octahydro trisodium salt of fructose 1,6-diphosphate starting from an aqueous solution at an acid pH of D-fructose 1,6-diphosphate, to which a suitable amount of acetone is added. The reactive mixture is crystallized and filtered to obtain the desired product, which is finally dried.

Abstract: A novel blend composition comprising one or more cationic polygalactomannas and xanthan gum is provided. The blend is capable of producing enhanced viscosities when distributed in a solvent. The blend is suitable for use in foods, explosives, oil field chemicals, textile fibers, agricultural chemicals and cosmetics.

Abstract: It has been surprisingly found that gold compounds may be applied in topical preparations as an effective treatment of local or systemic inflammatory conditions and/or as antibacterial agents. The present invention therefore relates to new pharmaceutical compositions containing gold for topical application, and the use of the composition in treating inflammation and/or bacterial infection.

Abstract: Ether lipid nucleoli covalent conjugates and derivatives thereof are disclosed, along with pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and methods of using the same to combat HIV-1 infections. Illustrative are 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythmidine-5'-monophosphate-D,L-3-octadecanamido-2-ethoxypr opane and 3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine-5'-butyrate-.gamma.-N,N,N-trimethyl -ammonium-.beta.-(1-phospho-2-ethoxy-3-hexadecyloxypropane).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of anti-inflammatory and/or immunosuppressive treatment of an animal or human patient comprising administering to the patient an effective amount of at least one phosphosugar or derivative thereof, or a phosphosugar-containing oligosaccharide or polysaccharide or derivative thereof.

Abstract: The invention is directed to the compound 1'-[2,3-Bis(hexadecanoyloxy)propyl]-d-glycopyranos-6'-yl-2"-(trimethylammo nium)ethylphosphate which is a phosphorylcholine-containing glyceroglycolipid useful for detecting the presence of Mycoplasma fermentans in cells or microorganisms.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds prepared by linking glycosaminoglycan to phospholipid or lipid, which are expected to exert a pharmacological effect for inhibiting metastasis because of their excellent function to inhibit adhesion of cancer cells to blood vessel endothelial cells and extracellular matrix. This phospholipid- or lipid-linked glycosaminoglycan can be produced for example by: cleaving and oxidizing reducing terminal group of glycosaminoglycan, and allowing an aldehyde group or a lactone compound of the thus-formed derivative or a carboxyl group in the glycosaminoglycan chain to react with a primary amino group of a phospholipid; or linking a glycosaminoglycan derivative to a phospholipid or a lipid by allowing a primary amino group of the derivative to react with a carboxyl group of the phospholipid or lipid. This phospholipid- or lipid-linked glycosaminoglycan is useful as a metastasis inhibitor because it has no toxicity.

Abstract: Etoposide phosphate is prepared by coupling dibenzyl 4'-demethyl-4-epipodophyllotoxin-4'-phosphate with 2,3-di-O-benzyl-4,6-O-ethylidene-.alpha.,.beta.-D-glucopyranose in a solvent and subsequently removing the protecting groups. The tetra-benzyl protected etoposide phosphate is recrystallized from methanol or directly crystallized from acetonitrile by adding methanol to yield substantially the pure C-1"-.beta. form. The benzyl protecting groups are simultaneously removed by hydrogenation to produce etoposide phosphate in high yields. In a further embodiment, etoposide phosphate is treated with a phosphatase enzyme to yield etoposide.

Abstract: A process for the purification of fructose 1,6-diphosphate which comprises subjecting a fructose 1,6-diphosphate-containing solution to anion exchange column chromatography to separate fructose 1,6-diphosphate therefrom, and subsequently subjecting the resulting FDP fraction to a desalting treatment, so as to provide a highly purified FDP preparation useful as a pharmaceutical drug and the like in a high yield.

Abstract: A compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents --CO--Z.sup.1 --N(Z.sup.11)--CO--Z.sup.2 --H or --CO--Z.sup.3 --H, wherein Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, and Z.sup.3 each represent an alkylene group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a phenylene group, or a combination thereof, and Z.sup.11 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a phenyl group, a phenyl group which may be substituted with an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or an alkylene group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain therein a phenylene group; R.sup.2 represents --CO--Z.sup.4 --N(Z.sup.12)--CO--Z.sup.5 --H, --CO--Z.sup.6 --H or a hydrogen atom, wherein Z.sup.4, Z.sup.5, and Z.sup.6 each have the same meaning as Z.sup.1, and Z.sup.12 has the same meaning as Z.sup.11 ; Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 each represent a carboxyl group or a phosphonoxy group; Q.sup.

Abstract: A novel phosphobetaine is disclosed. This compound is very excellence in that it exerts a conditioning effect of imparting a good feel to the skin or hair, is excellent in humidifying properties, is available at a low price, and thus it is highly usable in detergents, cosmetics, a bathing preparation and the like. A detergent composition, a cosmetic, and a bathing preparation each containing the phosphobetaine are also disclosed.

Abstract: Phosphate derivatives of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin glucosides are novel antitumor agents and the salts thereof offer the pharmaceutical advantage of high water solubility.