Abstract: The invention provides a new class of compounds exhibiting an inhibitory effect on neuraminidase (NA), hemagglutinin (HA) and structural M2 protein bearing viruses. These compounds are also useful as inhibitors of the replication factors of hepatitis virus type C (HVC). The invention also describes pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds of the invention either alone or in combination admixed with a suitable and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Stilbene compounds for the prevention and treatment of colon cancer or colon inflammation and methods of using same are provided.

Abstract: Solid forms of anhydrous (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-ethoxybenzyl)phenyl)-6-(methylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol are disclosed, in addition to methods of their use in the treatment of various diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Novobiocin analogues and pharmaceutical composition containing such compounds useful for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative disorders and autoimmune disorders, as well as cancer.

Abstract: Novobiocin analogues useful as Hsp90 inhibitors in the treatment of cancer, neuroprotection, and autoimmune disorders.

Abstract: The invention relates to ?-galactoceramide analogs, their methods of manufacture, intermediate compounds useful in these methods. It also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing the ?-galactoceramide analogs. The methods of manufacture of the invention involve the use of unsaturated intermediate compounds which enable to synthesize ?-galactoceramide analogs by a mere metathesis reaction. The ?-galactoceramide analogs of the invention are useful as active ingredients of pharmaceutical compositions, particularly in pharmaceutical compositions having anti-cancerous properties.

Abstract: New and useful compounds C. roseus cultured hairy roots are provided, by Isolating flavone glycosides together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. This is accomplished by immersing powdered the hairy roots in methanol to produce an extract, concentrating the extract, resuspending the extract in water, extracting the compound with organic solvent, and isolating the compound from the organic solvent.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems for producing engineered oleaginous yeast or fungi that express carotenoids.

Abstract: A novel nucleoside triphosphate derivative, a nucleic acid probe, and a multilabeled nucleic acid probe that can detect a target nucleic acid conveniently and with high sensitivity, as well as a method for producing the multilabeled nucleic acid probe, and a method for detecting a target nucleic acid using the multilabeled nucleic acid probe or the nucleic acid probe. A target nucleic acid can be detected conveniently and with high sensitivity by using a transglutaminase (TGase), and by using a multilabeled nucleic acid probe in which a plurality of labeling portions have been introduced in advance by covalent binding, or by introducing a plurality of labeling portions by covalent binding into a nucleic acid probe that has been hybridized with the target nucleic acid.

Abstract: A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, hydrate or solvate thereof, comprising formula IV: A-B wherein A comprises a substrate for an enzyme of a microorganism; B comprises an odorant moiety; B is covalently bonded to an anomeric carbon of A; and A is enzymatically cleavable from B at the covalent bond site between A and B by the enzyme of the microorganism. Examples of such compounds are referred to as substrate-odorant compounds or odorant chimeras. Also disclosed are methods for detecting a microorganism that include contacting the compound with a sample that may include the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved synthesis of a trisaccharide of the formula, novel intermediates used in the synthesis and the preparation of the intermediates.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds which are polysulfated oligosaccharide derivatives having activity as inhibitors of heparan sulfate-binding proteins and inhibitors of the enzyme heparanase; methods for the preparation of the compounds; compositions comprising the compounds, and use of the compounds and compositions thereof for the antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticoagulant and/or antithrombotic treatment, lowering of blood triglyceride levels and inhibition of cardiovascular disease of a mammalian subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel derivatives of epirubicin, pharmaceutical composition comprising these derivatives, and uses of epirubicin and its derivative for treating HCV.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound represented by the following formula (1?) wherein R is an aldopyranose residue, R2 is a C2-18 hydrocarbon group optionally having substituent(s), R3 is an acyl group, X is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or —NH—, and p is an integer of 0-4, or a salt thereof. The compound of the present invention has a specific immunoregulatory ability, and is useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of autoimmune diseases and the like.

Abstract: There are provided a promoter containing ginsenoside compound K for the production of hyaluronic acid, and more particularly, a new efficacy of 20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol (compound K), a chief metabolite of ginseng saponin, to increase the expression of hyaluronic acid synthase gene in human cell and thereby to promote the production of hyaluronic acid, and an anti-aging agent containing the promoter for the production of hyaluronic acid as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: The invention provides a tobramycin formulation for delivery by aerosolization in the form of additive-free, isotonic solution whose pH has been optimised to ensure adequate shelf-life at room temperature. Said formulation can be advantageously used for the treatment and prophylaxis of acute and chronic endobronchial infections, in particular those caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated to lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis.

Abstract: 2?-Fluoro-nucleoside compounds are disclosed which are useful in the treatment of hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection, HIV and abnormal cellular proliferation, including tumors and cancer. The compounds have the general formulae: wherein Base is a purine or pyrimidine base; R1 is OH, H, OR3, N3, CN, halogen, CF3, lower alkyl, amino, loweralkylamino, di(lower)alkylamino, or alkoxy; R2 is H, phosphate, or a stabilized phosphate prodrug; acyl, or other pharmaceutically acceptable leaving benzyl, a lipid, an amino acid, peptide, or cholesterol; and R3 is acyl, alkyl, phosphate, or other pharmaceutically acceptable leaving group; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Reagents and methods for functionalising polypeptides with moieties poly (alkylene glycol) molecules and glycan groups are disclosed that are based on a functionalising reagent which comprises a nitrogen containing heterocyclic aromatic ring having a vinyl substituent that is capable of reacting with one or more thiol groups that are naturally present, or have been introduced into, the polypeptide, for example by employing a thiol group of one or more cysteine residues. The functionalising reagent is covalently linked to a poly (alkylene glycol) molecule, such as a polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecule, or a glycan group so that the reaction between the vinyl group and the thiol group in the polypeptide covalently links the polypeptide to the poly (alkylene glycol) molecule and/or the glycan group.

Abstract: The invention provides various photoacid generator compounds and ionic components thereof. Photoresist compositions that include the ions and non-ionic photoacid generator compounds are also provided. The invention further provides methods of making and using the photoacid generator compounds and photoresist compositions disclosed herein. The compounds and compositions are useful as photoactive components in chemically amplified resist compositions for use in, for example, various microfabrication applications.

Abstract: The present invention provide a compound represented by the following formula (1) wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification, or a salt thereof. The compound of the present invention and a salt thereof can preferentially induce production of IL-4, which is one kind of cytokines that control action of immunocytes. Therefore, it is useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and the like, and prophylaxis or treatment of diseases caused by functional promotion of Th1 cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to labeled and unlabled cleavable terminating groups and methods for DNA sequencing and other types of DNA analysis. More particularly, the invention relates in part to nucleotides and nucleosides with chemically cleavable, photocleavable, enzymatically cleavable, or non-photocleavable groups and methods for their use in DNA sequencing and its application in biomedical research.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for treating lung cancer by cyclohexenone compounds.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for nucleic acid replication. These methods involve the use of 3?-substituted nucleoside 5?-triphosphates or 3?-substituted terminated primers in nucleic acid replication reactions. In certain aspects, the methods are accomplished by use of 3?-substituted NTPs and/or 3?-substituted terminated primers which provide utility in nucleic acid replication. In preferred embodiments, the NTPs and/or primers are substituted at the 3?-position with particular heat labile chemical groups such as ethers, esters or carbonate esters.

Abstract: A method for detecting sequence specific methylation in a biomolecule, comprising: (a) contacting the biomolecule with an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase in the presence of a detectable cofactor of said methyltransferase; and (b) detecting whether the recognition sequence of said methyltransferase has been modified with the cofactor or a derivative thereof, wherein modification of the recognition sequence of said methyltransferase is indicative of an absence of methylation at said recognition sequence. Also disclosed is a cofactor specific for S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, wherein said cofactor is an N-adenosylaziridine derivative with a reporter group attached to the 6 or 7 position of the adenine ring or attached to the aziridine ring. A complex of the cofactor and a methyltransferase a composition comprising the cofactor or the complex and the use of the cofactor or the complex for detecting sequence-specific methylation in DNA molecules are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a series of polyglycoside derivatives that are (a) polymeric (that is cross linked with hydroxypropyl linkages) and (b) contain additional functional groups including alkoxy, sulfate, sulfonate, quaternary and phosphate groups, and (c) sugars to increase water solubility and provide outstanding foaming agents and detergents that are naturally derived and readily biodegradable.

Abstract: A starch-based biodegradable material composition includes: an enzyme-hydrolyzed starch; and a biodegradable polyester selected from at least one of an aliphatic polyester of polybutylene succinate and an aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. The enzyme-hydrolyzed starch is prepared by hydrolyzing a native starch using a starch-hydrolyzing enzyme. The starch-hydrolyzing enzyme has an activity unit ranging from 15000 to 40000.

Abstract: The invention relates to antisense oligonucleotidic sequences (ODN) against Smad7 suitably modified, and their uses in medical field as therapeutic biological agents, in particular in the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to conjugates of a polypeptide and an oligosaccharide, wherein the polypeptide is conjugated to at least one oligosaccharide-spacer residue, the oligosaccharide being a synthetic sulfated oligosaccharide comprising 4-18 monosaccharide units and per se having affinity to antithrombin III and the spacer being a bond or an essentially pharmacologically inactive flexible linking residue, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The conjugates of the invention have improved pharmacokinetic properties when compared to the original polypeptides (i.e. the corresponding non-conjugated polypeptides per se).

Abstract: Granular sucralose-containing particles are produced by the methods of the invention, which involve coating sucralose from solution to form granules with this coated sucralose on an outer region thereof. The granules may incorporate agglomerated sucralose particles, with the solution-coated sucralose adding mass and generally resulting in a granule having a relatively smoothed and rounded. The granules have good flow properties, are low dusting, and resist caking. Methods of making the granules involve spraying an aqueous sucralose solution onto a fluidized bed of sucralose particles, followed by drying to form the granules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing capecitabine and a method for preparing a ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound used therein, and a highly pure capecitabine can be efficiently prepared with a high yield by the method of the present invention using the ?-anomer-rich trialkyl carbonate compound as an intermediate.

Abstract: The invention relates to machine dishwashing agents containing specific polycarbonate-, polyurethane-, and/or polyurea-polyorganosiloxane compounds or precursor compounds thereof of the reactive cyclic carbonate and urea type which help to avoid the formation of water spots and filming after the use of the agents and accelerate the drying of dishes.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes tetrahydropyran nucleoside analogs, oligomeric compounds prepared therefrom and methods of using the oligomeric compounds. More particularly, tetrahydropyran nucleoside analogs are provided, having one or more chiral substituents, that are useful for enhancing properties of oligomeric compounds including nuclease resistance and binding affinity. In some embodiments, the oligomeric compounds provided herein hybridize to a portion of a target RNA resulting in loss of normal function of the target RNA.

Abstract: The invention provides a nucleotide or nucleoside having a base attached to a detectable label via a cleavable linker, characterised in that the cleavable linker contains a moiety selected from the group comprising: Formula (I) (wherein X is selected from the group comprising O, S, NH and NQ wherein Q is a C1-10 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, Y is selected from the group comprising O, S, NH and N(allyl). T is hydrogen or a C1-10 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group and * indicates where the moiety is connected to the remainder of the nucleotide or nucleoside).

Abstract: Described are phosphoramidite nucleoside analog monomers, precursors thereof, and oligonucleotides including one or more of the monomers. The monomers can be used during automated synthesis of oligonucleotide derivatives, and allow for incorporation of one or several reporter groups, organic molecules, bio-molecules, small molecules or other chemical groups at the internucleoside phosphotriesters. Oligonucleotides including the monomers have a number of uses in therapeutic, diagnostic, and research applications.

Abstract: Set forth herein, inter alia, are compositions and methods for treating diseases with prodrugs. Provided herein are prodrug compositions for inhibiting the function of proteins, compositions and methods for treating diseases associated with oxidative compounds, oxidatively-sensitive prodrugs of inhibitors of metalloproteases. and methods of inhibiting metalloproteases using oxidatively-sensitive prodrugs.

Abstract: A method of treating preeclampsia including administering a therapeutically effective dose of resibufagenin to a patient having preeclampsia. Effecting the determination of the presence of preeclampsia may be by determining whether there has been a substantial elevation in marinobufagenin which may be blood-derived or urine-derived and if such elevation does exist, concluding that preeclampsia does exist. The method may advantageously be practiced by employing urine, blood serum or blood plasma as the body specimen containing the protein in determining whether a patient has preeclampsia. In another embodiment, bufodienolide derivatives other than resibufagenin may be employed in lieu of thereof or in combination therewith. In another embodiment, resibufagenin analogues may be employed in the treatment of preeclampsia.

Abstract: Surfactants of the general formula R1—X where R1 is an aliphatic C17H35-alkyl radical and X is a hydrophilic group, and the mean degree of branching of the R1 radical is from 2.8 to 3.7. Mixtures which comprise such surfactants and the use of such surfactants and of mixtures thereof for tertiary mineral oil extraction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are novel phosphonate nucleosides and thiophosphonate nucleosides comprising a phosphonalkoxy-substituted or phosphonothioalkyl-substituted five-membered, saturated or unsaturated, oxygen-containing or sulfur-containing ring coupled to a heterocyclic nucleobase such as a pyrimidine or purine base. The invention further relates to compounds having HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) replication inhibiting properties and to compounds having antiviral activities with respect to other viruses. The invention also relates to methods for preparation of all such compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them. The invention further relates to the use of said compounds as a medicine and in the manufacture of a medicament useful for the treatment of subjects suffering from HIV infection, as well as for treatment of other viral, retroviral or lentiviral infections and to the treatment of animals suffering from FIV, viral, retroviral or lentiviral infections.

Abstract: The invention relates compositions and methods for treating pathological lung conditions using whole-grain flaxseed or flaxseed lignans. Specifically, the invention relates to the dietary use of flaxseed lignans.

Abstract: It has been found that a limulus-positive glycolipid is present in xanthan gum derived from Xanthomonas, which has been commercially available and eaten for many years, and this was purified, and it has been found that this limulus-positive glycolipid has an immunopotentiation effect. A method for safely and inexpensively producing the limulus-positive glycolipid containing an immunopotentiator at high concentrations is provided. The method for producing the limulus-positive glycolipid of the present invention comprises extracting the limulus-positive glycolipid from xanthan gum. A limulus-positive glycolipid composition containing the limulus-positive glycolipid can be used for various applications such as pharmaceuticals, pharmaceuticals for animals, quasi drugs, cosmetics, foods, functional foods, feedstuff and bath agents.

Abstract: The invention provides functionalized monosaccharides and disaccharides suitable for use in synthesizing a lipid A derivative, as well as methods for synthesizing and using a synthetic lipid A derivative.

Abstract: Labeled nucleotide analogs used in place of naturally occurring nucleoside triphosphates or other analogs in template directed nucleic acid synthesis reactions and other nucleic acid reactions, and various analyses based thereon, including DNA sequencing, single base identification, hybridization assays and others.

Abstract: Nucleotide analogs that can sustain the enzymatic synthesis of double-stranded nucleic acid from a nucleic template are described. The nucleotide analogs include: (i) a base selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, uracil and their analogs; (ii) a label attached to the base or analog of the base via a cleavable linker; (iii) a deoxyribose; and (iv) one or more phosphate groups. The linker and/or the label inhibits template directed polymerase incorporation of a further nucleotide substrate onto an extended primer strand. In addition, cleavage of the linker leaves a residue attached to the base which is not present in the natural nucleotide and which does not inhibit extension of the primer strand. The nucleotide analogs can therefore be used as reversible terminators in sequencing by synthesis methods without blocking the 3? hydroxyl group. Methods of sequencing DNA using the substrates are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new adjuvants and the uses in pharmaceutical compositions, like in vaccines. In particular, the present invention provides new compounds useful as adjuvants for prophylactic and/or therapeutic vaccination in the treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, tumours, allergies as well as for the control of fertility in human or animal populations. The compounds are particularly useful not only as systemic, but preferably as mucosal adjuvants. In addition, the invention relates to its uses as active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: A method of treating a Th1-mediated disorder includes administering to a subject in need of the treatment an effective amount of a compound of the formula I: wherein R1 is H, alkyl, aryl, or cyclyl; R2 is pyranose; R3 is H or alkyl; m is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6; n is 0, 1, 2, or 3; o is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4; p is 1, 2, 3, or 4; and the Th1-mediated disorder is non-obese diabetes, Crohn's colitis, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, or autoimmune myocarditis. Also disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition including a compound of formula I above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A method of preventing preeclampsia including administering to a patient during an early stage of pregnancy a prophylactically-effective amount of resibufogenin. The administration of resibufogenin is periodically repeated. The method serves to prevent hypertension, proteinuria, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Abstract: A cyclic carbonyl monomer has the formula (7): wherein at least one W? or Wa group comprises a protected glycoside; each Z independently represents O, S, NH or NW?; n is an integer from 0 to 6 wherein when n is 0, carbons labeled 4 and 6 are linked together by a single bond; each W? and Wa group independently represents a hydrogen, a halide, an alkyl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an ester group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an amide group, an aryl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an alkoxy group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, or a foregoing W? or Wa group substituted with a protected glycoside; and each W? group independently represents an alkyl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, an aryl group comprising 1 to 20 carbons, or a foregoing W? group substituted with a protected glycoside.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds DLBS1425E2.2 and DLBS1425F1 isolated and identified from the extract of the plant Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds, either as a single active compound or in combination, in a pharmaceutical dosage form that has anti-proliferative activity of cancer cells, and its use relating to female related diseases. Formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention provides a one-pot method of preparing an unprotected ?-O-glycolipid. The first step involves contacting a protected ?-iodo sugar with a catalyst and a lipid comprising a hydroxy group, under conditions sufficient to prepare a protected ?-O-glycolipid. The second step involves deprotecting the protected ?-O-glycolipid under conditions sufficient to prepare the unprotected ?-O-glycolipid, wherein the contacting and deprotecting steps are performed in a single vessel. The present invention also provides a one-pot method of preparing an unprotected ?-O-glycolipid following the steps for the preparation of the unprotected ?-O-glycolipid.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel, water-soluble, red-emitting fluorescent rhodamine dyes and red-emitting fluorescent energy-transfer dye pairs, as well as labeled conjugates comprising the same and methods for their use. The dyes, energy-transfer dye pairs and labeled conjugates are useful in a variety of aqueous-based applications, particularly in assays involving staining of cells, protein binding, and/or analysis of nucleic acids, such as hybridization assays and nucleic acid sequencing.