Abstract: This invention provides a concise, asymmetric synthesis of piperazic acid and derivatives thereof, whereby either the (3S)- or (3R)-enantiomeric form may be obtained with high optical purity. (3S)-piperazic acid is derived from D-glutamic acid through an (R)-2,5-dihydroxyvalerate ester intermediate. After the hydroxy groups are converted to suitable leaving groups, such as mesylates, the ester is treated with a bis-protected hydrazine to provide the desired (3S)-piperazic acid derivative. The (3R) enantiomer of piperazic acid may be similarly obtained starting with L-glutamic acid. The method may also be used to obtain piperazic acid derivatives that have moderate optical purity or are racemic. By this method, piperazic acid derivatives may be obtained that are useful as intermediates for pharmacologically active compounds. For example, certain intermediates of this invention are useful for preparing caspase inhibitors, particularly inhibitors of ICE, through additional steps known in the art.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which inhibit &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis, and, accordingly, have utility in treating Alzheimer's disease. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound which inhibits &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis as well as methods for treating Alzheimer's disease both prophylactically and therapeutically with such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds which inhibit &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis, and, accordingly, have utility in treating Alzheimer's disease. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound which inhibits &bgr;-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis as well as methods for treating Alzheimer's disease both prophylactically and therapeutically with such pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I are described, their production and use in pharmaceutical agents.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to integrin targeting compounds comprising an integrin targeting component linked to a functional component such as a therapeutic agent or antibody. Structures of various integrin targeting compounds are provided. Additionally provided are methods of delivering a functional component to integrin associated with cells or tissue of an individual using the integrin targeting compounds. Also provided are methods of treating or preventing a disease or condition in an individual using the wherein said disease or condition involves an integrin using the integrin targeting compounds.

Abstract: A compound of the formula 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”). This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against interleukin-1-(“IL-1”), apoptosis-, interferon-&ggr; inducing factor-(IGIF), interferon-&ggr;-(“IFN-&ggr;”) mediated diseases, excess dietary alcohol intake diseases, or viral diseases, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious diseases, and degenerative diseases.

Abstract: The invention concerns products of formula (I) wherein: R1 represents in particular —C(O)—R5, —SO2—R5 or —C(O)—NR6R5, R2 and R7 are such that either R7 represents a hydrogen atom and R2 is such that the group (a) represents the radical of a natural or non-natural amino acid, or R2 and R7 form together a cycle with the nitrogen and carbon atom whereto they are bound, R3 represents in particular the radical —CH═N2 or —CH2-L—R4, R4 represents in particular a linear or branched alkyl radical, and their additive salts with mineral or organic acids or with mineral or organic bases of said products of formula (I). The invention also concerns the method for preparing said products and their use as medicines.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to a novel class of bicyclic heterocyclic compounds of the Formula (I): 1

Abstract: Provided are calcium salts of a 1,5-benzodiazepine derivative represented by the following formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to 5-spiro-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione metalloproteinase inhibitors of the formula 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for simultaneously N(2)-acylating piperazic acid or an ester thereof and forming a bicyclic ring structure. The invention also relates to the use of that process step in a method of synthesizing a bicyclic compound useful as an intermediate for the production of an inhibitor of a caspase, particularly an inhibitor of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”).

Abstract: This invention relates to &agr;-ammonium ketones, iminium ketones or amidinium ketones in the form of their tetraaryl- or triarylalkylborate salts which can be photochemically converted into amines, imines or amidines as well as to a process for their preparation. This invention also relates to base-polymerisable or crosslinkable compositions comprising these &agr;-ammonium ketones, iminium ketones or amidinium ketones in the form of their tetra- or triarylalkylborate salts, to a process for carrying out photochemically induced, base-catalysed reactions as well as to their use as photoinitiators for base-catalysed reactions.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of formula (I) in SR configuration or in the form of a SR+SS mixture, wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl or aralkyl radical containing up to 18 carbon atoms, the amine function being free or protected. The compounds can be used for preparing active principles for medicines.

Abstract: A compound having general formula (I) in which R1 is a member selected from the group consisting of —OCH3, —SCH3, —N(CH3)2, —NHCH3, —CHO, —COCH3 and —CHOHCH3; R2 is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen, alkyl, acyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, alkyl carbonate, cypionyloxy, S-alkyl and S-acyl; R3 is a member selected from the group consisting of alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy and acyloxy; R4 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl; and X is a member selected from the group consisting of —O and —N—OR5, wherein R5 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl. In addition to providing the compounds of formula (I), the present invention provides methods wherein the compounds of formula (I) are advantageously used, inter alia.

Abstract: Disclosed are certain substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl-containing spirocyclic compounds substituted with both basic and acidic functionality, which are useful in inhibiting platelet aggregation, inhibiting the binding of fibrinogen to blood platelets, and preventing or treating thrombosis

Abstract: A method for preparing compounds of formula (I) wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H. alkyl, aryl, and aralkyl of up to 18 carbon atoms and the amine function may be free or protected from a compound of formula (IA) wherein cyclization is carried out in a basic medium and in the presence of a phosphonic acid derivative and the use of said method as an intermediate step for preparing a compound inhibiting the interleukin-1 beta conversion enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention is a compound of formula wherein X is an ethynediyl group, R1, R2 and R3 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Novel intermediates of the formulae 1

Abstract: Novel 4-substituted piperidine analogs, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and the method of using the 4-substituted piperidine analogs as selectively active antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtypes for treating conditions such as cerebral ischemia, central nervous system trauma, hypoglycemia, neurodegenerative disorders, anxiety, migraine headaches, convulsions, aminoglycoside antibiotics-induced hearing loss, chronic pain, psychosis, glaucoma, CMV retinitis, opioid tolerance or withdrawal, urinary incontinence and neurodegenerative disorders such as lathyrism, Alzheimers' Disease, Parkinsonism, and Huntington's Disease are described. Also described are novel methods for preparing 4-substituted piperidine analogs and novel intermediates of the 4-substituted piperidine analogs.

Abstract: There is provided a series of arylacetamidoalanyl derivatives of benzodiazepinones of Formula I wherein R1 through R7 and n are defined herein, which are inhibitors of &bgr;-amyloid peptide (&bgr;-AP) production and are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease and other conditions characterized by aberrant extract cellular deposition of amyloid.

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein R is alkyl or aralkyl of up to 18 carbon atoms, the amine function being optionally protected are used to prepare compounds of the formula in which R retains its previous meaning and the amine is optionally protected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are caspase inhibitors, in particular interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”) inhibitors. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting caspase activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against interleukin-1-(“IL-1”), apoptosis-, interferon-&ggr; inducing factor-(IGIF), or interferon-&ggr;-(“IFN-&ggr;”) mediated diseases, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious diseases, and degenerative diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against IL-1-, apoptosis-, IGIF-, and IFN-&ggr;-mediated diseases, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious diseases, degenerative diseases, and necrotic diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity, for treating interleukin-1-, apoptosis-, IGIF- and IFN-&ggr;-mediated diseases and decreasing IGIF and IFN-&ggr; production using the compounds and compositions of this invention.

Abstract: The present invention related to an azomethine dye precursor represented by the following general formula (1) and the image-forming material and image-forming method using the azomethine dye precursor: wherein Ar represents an aryl group or a heterocyclic group which may each have a substituent; X represents a bivalent group linking a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom; and Cp represent a coupler residue which may or may not form a ring.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of the formulae: wherein A1 is O, S, N—R1 or CHR1; A4 is N—R4 or CHR4; R2 is a sidechain containing an acid or ester group; R1, R4 and R5 are substituents such as H, alkyl and aryl alkyl, and R6 is a sidechain containing a nitrogen group; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are effective for inhibiting platelet aggregation, pharmaceutical compositions for effecting such activity, and a method for inhibiting platelet aggregation.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel carbocycles and heterocycles having drug and bio-affecting properties, their pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use. These novel compounds inhibit the processing of amyloid precursor protein and, more specifically, inhibit the production of A&bgr;-peptide, thereby acting to prevent the formation of neurological deposits of amyloid protein. More particularly, the present invention relates to the treatment of neurological disorders related to &bgr;-amyloid production such as Alzheimer's disease and Down's Syndrome.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel lactams of Formula (I): 1

Abstract: There is provided a series of arylacetamidoalanyl derivatives of benzodiazepinones of Formula I 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to modified amino acids of general formula wherein A, Z, X, n, m, R, R2, R3, R4 and R11 are defined as in claims 1 to 5, their tautomers, their diastereomers, their enantiomers, the mixtures thereof and the salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them as well as their use for the production and purification of antibodies and as labelled compounds in RIA- and ELISA assays and as diagnostic or analytical aids in neurotransmitter research.

Abstract: A compound of formula 1a which is useful for treating reperfusion injury, and salts, prodrugs, and related compounds.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula (I) or (II) or a salt thereof wherein R1 represents hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R2 and R3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group, or R2 and R3 may combine together to represent a 5- or 6-membered cycloalkyl group; R4 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R5 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; R6 represents a hydrogen atom or a C-1-6 alkyl group; X represents —NR7—, —O—, —CHR7— or —S— in which R7 represents, for example, a hydrogen atom or a C1-6 alkyl group; and Y represents a phenylene group or a pyridinediyl group. The compounds are useful as agents for enhancing the activities of retinoid compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for synthesizing piperazic acid and similar, ring-containing acids. The invention also relates to a process for simultaneously N(2)-acylating piperazic acid or an ester thereof and forming a bicyclic ring structure. The invention also relates to the use of either or both processes in a method of synthesizing a bicyclic compound useful as an intermediate for the production of an inhibitor of a caspase, particularly an inhibitor of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”).

Abstract: A compound of the formula wherein R is alkyl or aralkyl of up to 18 carbon atoms, the amine function being optionally protected are used to prepare compounds of the formula in which R retains its previous meaning and the amine is optionally protected.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-IB converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against IL-1-, apoptosis-, IGIF-, and IFN-&ggr;-mediated diseases, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, destructive bone disorders, proliferative disorders, infectious diseases, degenerative diseases, and necrotic diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity, for treating interleukin-1-, apoptosis-, IGIF- and IFN-&ggr;-mediated diseases and decreasing IGIF and IFN-&ggr; production using the compounds and compositions of this invention.

Abstract: A compound of the formula 1

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for preparing compounds of the formula (IV) or (I): from the racemic alkoxyfuranone of the formula (II): R1 and R2 being as defined in the description, to the novel compounds of the formula (IV) as well as to the intermediate compounds of this process, and to the use of the compounds of the formula (IV) or (I) in the process for the synthesis of compounds which inhibit interleukin-1beta converting enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1,3-benzodiazepin-2-ones and 1,3-benzoxazepin-2-ones of formula I: or stereoisomeric forms, stereoisomeric mixtures, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, which are useful as inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase, and to pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic kits comprising the same, and methods of using the same for treating viral infection or as an assay standard or reagent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pyradazino[1,2-a][1,2]diazepine-1-carboxamide compounds of formula: which compounds are inhibitors of interleukin-1beta converting enzyme.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for simultaneously N(2)-acylating piperazic acid or an ester thereof and forming a bicyclic ring structure. The invention also relates to the use of that process step in a method of synthesizing a bicyclic compound useful as an intermediate for the production of an inhibitor of a caspase, particularly an inhibitor of interleukin-1&bgr; converting enzyme (“ICE”).

Abstract: Novel 4-substituted piperidine analogs, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and the method of using 4-substituted piperidine analogs as selectively active antagonists of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtypes for treating conditions such as stroke, cerebral ischemia, central nervous system trauma, hypoglycemia, anxiety, convulsions, aminoglycoside antibiotics-induced hearing loss, migraine headaches, glaucoma, CMV retinitis, chronic pain, opioid tolerance or withdrawals, or neurodegenerative disorders, such as lathyrism, Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinsonism and Huntington's Disease are described. Also described are novel methods for preparing 4-substituted piperidine analogs and novel intermediates of the 4-substituted piperidine analogs.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of formula ##STR1## as described in the claims, or an optical isomer, diastereomer or enantiomer thereof, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt, or biohydrolyzable amide, ester, or imide thereof are useful as inhibitors of metalloproteases.Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating diseases, disorders and conditions characterized by metalloprotease activity using these compounds or the pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1.beta. converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against an IL-1 mediated disease, an apoptosis mediated disease, AML, CML, melanoma, myeloma, Kaposi's sarcoma, graft vs host disease, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disorder, psoriasis, osteoarthritis, myeloma, apoptosis, sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischemic heart disease diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity and methods for treating interleukin-1 mediated diseases using the compounds and compositions of this invention.

Abstract: The present application describes N-(amidinophenyl)cyclourea analogs of formula I: ##STR1## which are useful as inhibitors of factor Xa.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain substituted oxadiazole, thiadiazole and triazole peptoids which are useful as inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase (HNE) for the treatment of HNE-mediated processes implicated in conditions such as adult respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock and multiple organ failure. A series of studies also have indicated the involvement HNE in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, emphysema. HNE-mediated processes are implicated in other conditions such as arthritis, periodontal disease, glomerulonephritis, dermatitis, psoriasis, cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, organ transplantation, corneal ulcers, and invasion behavior of malignant tumors.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted 2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones which are antagonists or positive modulators of AMPA receptors, and the use thereof for treating, preventing or ameliorating neuronal loss associated with stroke, global and focal ischemia, CNS trauma, hypoglycemia and surgery, as well as treating or ameliorating neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and Down's syndrome, treating, preventing or ameliorating the adverse consequences of the overstimulation of the excitatory amino acids, treating or ameliorating anxiety, psychosis, convulsions, chronic pain, glaucoma, CMV retinitis, urinary incontinence, muscular spasm and inducing anesthesia, as well as for treating or ameliorating the adverse consequences of excitatory amino acid deficiency such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease and malnutrition and neural maldevelopment, and as cognition enhancers.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for preparing alkylating agents and use of the agents prepared. In particular, this invention relates to preparation methods for hydroxy halide and organooxy halide alkylating agents and their use for alkylating cyclic urea compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1.beta. converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against an IL-1 mediated disease, an apoptosis mediated disease, AML, CML, melanoma, myeloma, Kaposi's sarcoma, graft vs host disease, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disorder, psoriasis, osteoarthritis, myeloma, apoptosis, sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ischemic heart disease diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity and methods for treating interleukin-1 mediated diseases using the compounds and compositions of this invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel classes of compounds which are inhibitors of interleukin-1.beta. converting enzyme. The ICE inhibitors of this invention are characterized by specific structural and physicochemical features. This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds. The compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this invention are particularly well suited for inhibiting ICE activity and consequently, may be advantageously used as agents against interleukin-1 mediated diseases, including inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases. This invention also relates to methods for inhibiting ICE activity and methods for treating interleukin-1 mediated diseases using the compounds and compositions of this invention.

Abstract: Compounds of the invention have the formula ##STR1## The compounds have fibrinogen receptor antagonist activity.