Abstract: This invention provides a class of therapeutic compounds and methods for the treatment of mammals with physiological disorders, such as for example a frequently occurring type of essential hypertension, which are critically associated with the decreased binding of magnesium to the plasma membranes of their cells. These methods consist of administering to a mammal in need of such treatment a compound selected from a series of disubstituted trans, trans 1,3-butadienes, 1,3-disubstituted perhydrobutadienes, 1,2-disubstituted trans ethylenes and 1,2 disubstituted ethanes and disubstituted propanes, each of which embodies, in common, the unique structural feature essential for the biological activity of these compounds. This invention also provides for pharmaceutical formulations that employ these novel compounds.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating immunosuppressive disease and containing compounds capable of inhibiting cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) as well as use of the same, are described.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel A2A adenosine receptor antagonists of the formula: wherein: R1 is optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted heteroaryl; R2 is optionally substituted lower alkyl or optionally substituted cycloalkyl; R3 is hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted alkoxy, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted heteroaryl, or optionally substituted heterocyclyl; X is —O—, —S—, or —NH—; and Y is optionally substituted alkylene; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; which are useful for treating various disease states, for example cardiovascular disorders, including tissue damage due to ischemia, CNS diseases, including Parkinson's disease, depression, and the like.

Abstract: General methods for the solution phase as well as solid phase synthesis of various substituted heteroaryls has been demonstrated. These substituted heteroaryls can be further elaborated by aromatic substitution with amines at elevated temperature or by anilines, boronic acids and phenols via palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula 1: A is selected from the group consisting of wherein each R individually is H or acyl, Y is X, N3, NH2, monoalkylamino, or dialkylamino; Z is O or S; and X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, thioaryl, thioalkyl, allylamino, cyano and nitro; tautomers thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided along with methods for their fabrication. Various of these compounds can be used as anticancer agents, or antiviral agents or to inhibit DNA replication.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula 1 and to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, prodrugs and metabolites thereof, wherein W, Z, R1 and R2, are as defined herein. The invention also relates to methods of treating Hepatitis C virus in mammals by administering the compounds of formula 1, and to pharmaceutical compositions for treating such disorders, which contain the compounds of formula 1. The invention also relates to methods of preparing the compounds of formula 1.

Abstract: The compounds of formula I in which R1 is 1–4C-alkoxy, A is 1–4C-alkylene, B represents 3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl, 3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl substituted by R2 and/or R3, 9H-purin-8-yl or 9H-purin-8-yl substituted by R4 and/or R5, are effective iNOS inhibitors.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula (I) that act as cannabinoid receptor ligands and their uses in the treatment of diseases linked to the mediation of the cannabinoid receptors in animals are described herein. wherein A is an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl; B is an optionally substituted aryl or an optionally substituted heteroaryl; R1 is hydrogen, (C1–C4)alkyl, halo-substituted (C1–C4)alkyl, or (C1–C4)alkoxy; and R4 is as described herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphonate compounds, compositions containing them, processes for obtaining them, and their use for treating a variety of medical disorders, e.g., osteoporosis and other disorders of bone metabolism, cancer, viral infections, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphonate compounds, compositions containing them, processes for obtaining them, and their use for treating a variety of medical disorders, e.g., osteoporosis and other disorders of bone metabolism, cancer, viral infections, and the like.

Abstract: Compounds represented by Formula (I): or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are effective as NMDA NR2B antagonists useful for relieving pain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 9-substituted adenine derivatives represented by formula (I) wherein W is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, azido and amino group; X is selected from the group consisting of O, S, N(H), CH2, CH and C; Y is selected from the group consisting of H, hydroxy, C1-4 alkyl, C1-4 alkoxy and halogen; R is selected from the group consisting of H, hydroxymethyl, C1-4 alkyl, and C1-4 alkoxy; R1is selected from the group consisting of O, NH and CH2; R2represents a radical selected from the group consisting of —(CH2)n—S—C(O)—R4 and —(CH2)n—S—S—R4, where n=1-4 and R4is a C1-4-alkyl or aryl group and R4 is optionally substituted with a halogen, amino, N-alkylamino, N, N-dialkylamino or C1-4 alkoxy group and wherein each of the R2radicals may be the same or different; and R3is O or S. The derivatives are useful as prodrugs for inhibiting adenylyl cyclase and lowering 3?:5?-cAMP in cells, thereby inhibiting adenylyl cyclase dependent effects within cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phosphonate compounds, compositions containing them, processes for obtaining them, and their use for treating a variety of medical disorders, e.g., osteoporosis and other disorders of bone metabolism, cancer, viral infections, and the like.

Abstract: A process for the production of compounds Ar—R1 by means of a cross-coupling reaction of an organometallic reagent R1-M with an aromatic or heteroaromatic substrate Ar—X catalyzed by one or several iron salts or iron complexes as catalysts or pre-catalysts, present homogeneously or heterogeneously in the reaction mixture. This new invention exhibits substantial advantages over established cross coupling methodology using palladium- or nickel complexes as the catalysts. Most notable aspects are the fact that (i) expensive and/or toxic nobel metal catalysts are replaced by cheap, stable, commercially available and toxicologically benign iron salts or iron complexes as the catalysts or pre-catalysts, (ii) commercially attractive aryl chlorides as well as various aryl sulfonates can be used as starting materials, (iii) the reaction can be performed under “ligand-free” conditons, and (iv) the reaction times are usually very short.

Abstract: Methods are provided for treating arrhythmia in a manner that minimizes undesirable side effects, comprising administration of a therapeutically effective minimal dose of an A1 adenosine receptor agonist with a therapeutically effective minimal dose of a beta blocker, calcium channel blocker, or a cardiac glycoside.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a compound of the formula wherein the substituents are defined as in the specification.

Abstract: The invention provides general methods for preparing 2,9-, 2,6,9-, O6-aryl- and O6-alkyl-substituted purines in a combinatorial and traceless fashion. The methods involve, in some embodiments, Mitsunobu alkylation of 2-fluoro-6-phenylsulfenylpurine at N9 with alcohols in solution, followed by C2-capture of the purine core with a resin-bound amine and subsequent oxidation and displacement of the C6 sulfonyl group with amines and anilines. In one aspect, the present invention provides a method of preparing a 2,6,9-substituded purine compounds of Formula I: the method comprising: a) oxidizing a resin-bound compound of Formula II: to provide a resin-bound compound of Formula III: b) reacting the compound of Formula III with an amine of Formula IV NR3R4??IV, to provide a resin-bound compound of Formula V c) cleaving the resin-bound compound of Formula V from the resin to provide the substituted purine compounds of Formula I.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K?) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K? plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K?, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K? activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K? activity. Methods of using PI3K? inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K? inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K?-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical prodrug compositions are provided comprising azide derivatives of drugs which are capable of being converted to the drug in vivo. Azide derivatives of drugs having amine, ketone and hydroxy substituents are converted in vivo to the corresponding drugs, increasing the half-life of the drugs. In addition azide prodrugs are often better able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier than the corresponding drugs. Especially useful are azide derivatives of cordycepin, 2?-F-ara-ddI, AraA, acyclovir, penciclovir and related drugs. Useful azide prodrugs are azide derivatives of therapeutic alicyclic amines, ketones, and hydroxy-substituted compounds, including aralkyl, heterocyclic aralkyl, and cyclic aliphatic compounds, where the amine or oxygen moiety is on the ring, or where the amine or oxygen moiety is on an aliphatic side chain, as well as therapeutic purines and pyrimidines, nucleoside analogs and phosphorylated nucleoside analogs.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel compounds that are partial and full A1 adenosine receptor agonists, useful for treating various disease states, in particular tachycardia and atrial flutter, angina, and myocardial infarction.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): are inhibitors of bacterial methionyl tRNA synthetase and are of use in treating bacterial infections.

Abstract: A process for conveniently and efficiently preparing a 2,6-dihalogenopurine using an inexpensive starting material. A process for preparing a 2,6-dihalogenopurine, comprising treating a 2-amino-6-halogenopurine having a protective group at 7th position or 9th position with a diazotizating agent and a halogen source; and a process for preparing a 9-acyl-2-amino-6-halogenopurine, comprising treating a 2-amino-6-halogenopurine with an acylating agent in the presence of a base.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (I), or a salt thereof: where X is a halogen atom or a group represented by —S—(CH2)n—A, —SO—(CH2)m—B, —SO2—(CH2)m —B, —OSO2—(CH2)m—B, —OCO—(CH2)m—B or —OPO(OR)—(CH2)m—B, wherein n represents an integer of 0-4, A represents an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic residue having 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from an oxygen atom, sulfur atom and nitrogen atom and having 5 to 10 ring-constituent atoms, m represents an integer of 0-4, B represents an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or an optionally substituted heterocyclic residue having 1 to 4 hetero atoms selected from an oxygen atom, sulfur atom and nitrogen atom and having 5 to 10 ring-constituent atoms, and R represents an optionally substituted alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to N-substituted-heteroaryloxy-aryloxy-2,4,6-trione metalloproteinase inhibitors of the formula wherein X, A, Y, B, G, and R1 are as defined in the specification, and to pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating inflammation, cancer and other disorders.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula 1: A is selected from the group consisting of wherein each R individually is H or acyl, Y is X, N3, NH2, monoalkylamino, or dialkylamino; Z is O or S; and X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, alkoxy, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkenyl, haloalkenyl, alkynyl, amino, monoalkylamino, dialkylamino, thioaryl, thioalkyl, allylamino, cyano and nitro; tautomers thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided along with methods for their fabrication. Various of these compounds can be used as anticancer agents, or antiviral agents or to inhibit DNA replication.

Abstract: The present invention concerns alkyl aryl carbonyl compounds that possess anti-infective activity. The compounds of the invention can be used to target specific nuclear localization signal, thereby blocking importation of specific proteins or molecular complex into the nucleus of a cell. The invention encompasses methods of use of such compounds for treatment or prevention of infectious diseases, such as parasitic and viral diseases, including, for example, malaria and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The use of the compounds to detect certain specific protein structures which are present in nuclear localization sequences is also taught.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of reducing intraocular pressure. The method comprises administering to a subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a nucleoside 5?-pyrophosphate pyranoside or analogue, which is defined by general Formula I. The method of the present invention is useful in the treatment or prevention of ocular hypertension, such as found in glaucoma, including primary and secondary glaucoma. The method can be used alone to reduce intraocular pressure. The method can also be used in conjunction with another therapeutic agent or adjunctive therapy commonly used to treat glaucoma to enhance the therapeutic effect of reducing the intraocular pressure. The present invention also provides a novel composition comprising a nucleoside 5?-pyrophosphate pyranoside or analogues.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel processes and novel intermediate compounds for preparing aryl-and heteroaryl-substituted urea compounds of the formula(I) wherein Ar1, Ar2, L, Q and X are described herein. The product compounds are useful in pharmaceutic compositions for treating diseases or pathological conditions involving inflammation such as chronic inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The invention relates to acyclic chain terminator nucleotide analogs. More particularly, the invention relates to phosphonomethoxyethyl nucleotide analogs and detectably labeled versions thereof, especially fluorescently labeled versions thereof. The invention further relates to the use of chain terminating phosphonomethoxyethyl nucleotide analogs in methods of synthesizing a polynucleotide, labeling a polynucleotide, determining polynucleotide sequence information, and kits therefor.

Abstract: Provided are antibacterial compounds having Formula I: In such compositions, X is O or S; Y is CH2; n is 0 or 1. One of R1 and R1? is —C(O)NR5R5?, —C(O)—Q—NR5R5?, —CH2NR5R5? or —S(O)2NR5R5? and the other is H or R3. One of R2 and R2? is —NHC(O)R6 or —NHS(O)2R6 and the other is H or R4. Q is an amino acid or peptide. R3 is H, halogen, —NR5R5? or —NHC(O)R6; and R4 is selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl. R5 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl optionally substituted with halogen, OH, amino, amidinyl, guanidinyl, urea, alkyl, carboxyl, oxo, carboxamide; R5? is H or R5 and R5? together form a 5-16 member heterocycle optionally substituted with halogen, OH, amino, alkyl, carboxyl, carbonyl or carboxamide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preventive or therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, which is a new type based on an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action. That is, it provides a novel condensed imidazole compound which has an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action, is effective for preventing or treating diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications, and is represented by the formula (I); (wherein R1 represents e.g. an amino group which may be substituted with an alkyl group; R2 represents e.g. hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkynyl group which may be substituted with hydrox etc.; R3 represents e.g. an optionally substituted alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, pyridinone group, pyrimidinone group or piperadinone group; Ar represents e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stereoselective or regioselective chemical synthesis which generally comprises reacting a nucleophile and a chiral or prochiral cyclic substrate in the presence of a non-racemic, chiral catalyst to produce a stereoisomerically- and/or regioisomerically-enriched product. The present invention also relates to hydrolytic kinetic resolutions of racemic and diastereomeric mixtures of epoxides.

Abstract: The invention provides processes for making famciclovir with low levels of undesirable by-products. The present invention discloses a process comprises reacting a compound of formula I (acetic acid 2-acetoxymethyl-4-(5-amino-7-chloro-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-butyl ester) in the presence of a palladium on charcoal catalyst in a C1-C6 alkyl acetate and ammonium formate. The present invention further discloses a process comprises reacting a compound of formula I (acetic acid 2-acetoxymethyl-4-(5-amino-7-chloro-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-3-yl)-butyl ester) in the presence of a palladium on charcoal catalyst in a mixture of a C1-C6 alkyl acetate, a C1-C4 alcohol and ammonium formate.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions are provided which are useful for the treatment of viral infections, particularly human Cytomegalovirus infection. The compounds include novel pyrimidine-based derivatives.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of the formulas (I) & (II) shown below which are active as anti-inflammatory agents. Also disclosed are methods of using and making such compounds. wherein G, X, A and Q are described herein.

Abstract: A xanthine phosphodiesterase V inhibitor having the formula (I), with the variables defined herein, which is especially useful for treating male (erectile) and female sexual dysfunction and other physiological disorders: For example, a representative compound of the invention is:

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta isoform (PI3K&dgr;) activity, and methods of treating diseases, such as disorders of immunity and inflammation, in which PI3K&dgr; plays a role in leukocyte function are disclosed. Preferably, the methods employ active agents that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr;, while not significantly inhibiting activity of other PI3K isoforms. Compounds are provided that inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity, including compounds that selectively inhibit PI3K&dgr; activity. Methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit cancer cell growth or proliferation are also provided. Accordingly, the invention provides methods of using PI3K&dgr; inhibitory compounds to inhibit PI3K&dgr;-mediated processes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for stereoselective or regioselective chemical synthesis which generally comprises reacting a nucleophile and a chiral or prochiral cyclic substrate in the presence of a non-racemic, chiral catalyst to produce a stereoisomerically- and/or regioisomerically-enriched product. The present invention also relates to hydrolytic kinetic resolutions of racemic and diastereomeric mixtures of epoxides.

Abstract: A compound having the formula: wherein: R1 is —X—R1′; in which R1′ is lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, or substituted heteroaryl, or heterocyclic, and X is —NH—; R2 is isopropyl; and R3 is —NR4R5; in which R4 is hydrogen and R5 is lower alkyl substituted with amino or R4 and R5 are both lower alkyl substituted with one, two or three groups chosen from hydroxy and amino, or an acid addition salt or cationic salt thereof. The compounds inhibit CDK-2 activity and are useful for treating disorders characterized by undesirable cell proliferation.

Abstract: Compounds which are active against viruses have the following Formulas: wherein B is a purine or pyrimidine heterocyclic ring and is preferably selected from the group consisting of 6-aminopurine (adenine), 2,6-diaminopurine, 2-amino-6-azidopurine, 2-amino-6-cyclopropylaminopurine, 6-hydroxypurine (hypoxanthine), 2-amino-6-halo substituted purines, 2-amino-6-alkoxy substituted purines, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine (guanine), 3-deazapurines, 7-deaza-purines, 8-azapurines, cytosine, 5-halo substituted cytosines, 5-alkyl substituted cytosines, thymine, uracil and 6-azapyrimidines; X is O; and, R1 and R2 are alkyl or aryl groups. The compounds of the present invention also include the R- and S-enantiomers of the above compounds. The R1X and/or R2X can also be amino acid residues with X as NH.

Abstract: Compounds of the following formula are provided: wherein: R1 is —X—R1′; in which R1′ is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, hetaryl, or heterocyclyl, all of which are optionally substituted; X is —NH; R2 is optionally substituted lower alkyl; and R3 is —NR4R5; in which R4 and R5 independently are hydrogen or lower alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy or amino; or acid addition salts or cationic salts thereof. The compounds inhibit CDK-2 activity and are useful for treating disorders characterized by undesirable cell proliferation.

Abstract: The invention relates to glyceryl nucleotides of the formula Ia in which a) one of the radicals A1, A2 and A3 is a hydrogen atom or a radical selected from hydroxyl, mercapto, alkyl, alkenyl, polyoxyalkenyl, aryl, acyl, alkyloxy, alkenyloxy, polyoxyalkenyloxy, acyloxy, aryloxy, alkylthio, alkenylthio, acylthio and arylthio, where the alkyl, alkenyl and acyl radicals are optionally substituted by from 1 to 3 aryl radicals; and b1) two of the remaining radicals A1, A2 and A3 are two nucleoside groups which are different from each other; or b2) one of the remaining radicals A1, A2 and A3 is a nucleoside group and the other of the remaining radicals is a hydroxycarbonyl group, where at least one of the nucleoside groups is not a naturally occurring nucleoside group; to processes for preparing these compounds, to pharmaceutical remedies which comprise these compounds, and to the use of these compounds for treating cancer diseases and infectious diseases.

Abstract: A light-emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes and one or more organic layers disposed therebetween, the one or more organic layers comprising a light-emitting layer, wherein at least one of the one or more organic layers comprises a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein R11 represents a substituent; R12 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group; R13 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; n represents an integer of 0 to 2; L represents a single bond or a linking group; and m represents an integer of 2 or more.

Abstract: There are provided according to the invention, novel compounds of formula (I) wherein R1, R2 and R3 are as described in the specification, processes for preparing them, formulations containing them and their use in therapy for the treatment of inflammatory disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), in which B, D, E, G, X, Y, Z, R1, R2 and s have the meanings indicated in the claims, their physiologically tolerable salts and their prodrugs. The compounds of formula (I) are valuable pharmacologically active compounds. They are vitronectin receptor antagonist and inhibitors of cell adhesion and are suitable for the therapy and prophylaxis of illnesses which are based on the interaction between vitronectin receptors and their ligands in cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction processes or which can be prevented, alleviated or cured by influencing such interactions. For example, they can be applied for inhibiting bone resorption by osteoclasts and thus for treating and preventing osteoporosis, or for inhibiting undesired angiogenesis or prolifertion of cells of the vascular smooth musculature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel substituted pyrazole derivatives of the general formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3 and A are each as defined, and to processes for their preparation and to their use as medicaments, in particular as medicaments for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (1), in which H, G, Z, X, Y, r, s and t have the meanings indicated in the claims, their physiologically tolerable salts and their prodrugs. The compounds of formula (1) are valuable, pharmacologically active compounds. They are vitronectin receptor antagonists and inhibitors of cell adhesion and are suitable for the therapy and prophylaxis of illnesses which are based on the interaction between vitronectin receptors and their ligands in cell-cell or cell-matrix interaction processes or which can be prevented, alleviated or cured by influencing such interactions. For example, they can be applied for inhibiting bone resorption by osteoclasts and thus for treating and preventing osteoporosis, or for inhibiting undesired angiogenesis or proliferation of cells of the vascular smooth musculature.

Abstract: Purine derivatives represented by the following formula and salts thereof: wherein R1 represents a C1-C4 alkyl group or difluoromethyl group; R2 represents tetrahydrofuranyl group, a C1-C7 alkyl group and the like; X represents hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or nitro group; and A represents a group represented by the following formula: wherein R3 represents hydrogen atom, a halogen atom and the like; R4 and R5 represent hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C4 alkyl group, a C1-C4 alkoxyl group and the like, which are useful as active ingredients of medicaments such as antiasthmatic agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of the formulae I and Ia in which X, Y, W, Wa, G and Ga have the meanings given in the patent claims, and their physiologically tolerable salts and their prodrugs, their preparation, their use, in particular as pharmaceutical active compounds, and pharmaceutical preparations comprising them. The compounds of the formula I are vitronectin receptor antagonists and can be employed, for example, as inhibitors of bone resorption and for the treatment of osteoporosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a preventive or therapeutic agent of a new type for diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications on the basis of an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist action. A purine compound represented by the formula (I), its pharmacologically acceptable salt or hydrates thereof has an adenosine A2 receptor antagonistic action and is useful for prevention or therapy of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. In addition, adenosine A2 receptor antagonists having different structures from those of the compounds described above, for example KW6002, are also effective for prevention or therapy of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. In the formula, W is —CH2CH2—, or —CH?CH— or —C?C—; R1 is: (in the formula, X is hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, etc.; and R5 and R6 are the same as or different from each other and each represents hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, etc.) and the like; R2 is an amino group, etc.