Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3, which may be the same or different, each represent a hydrogen atom or the group of formula (A): Medicinal products containing the same which are useful in the prevention and/or treatment of venous diseases and other conditions.

Abstract: A preparation process is provided for preparing a novel flavonoid compound having a high level of antioxidative action. The flavonoid compound is obtained by subjecting hesperidin to microbial fermentation treatment with Aspergillus saitoi.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to formula I, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10 and n have the meanings given in the description, and also a process for the preparation of these compounds and intermediate products of this process. Furthermore, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds of Formula I and related methods of treatment.

Abstract: A process is described for selectively extracting cocoa procyanidins from an aqueous mixture of cocoa polyphenols by using a particular sequence of solvents to extract selected procyanidin monomers and/or oligomers. The solvents are n-butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, diethyl ether, or mixtures of methyl acetate and diethyl ether. Preferably, the aqueous mixture of cocoa polyphenols is first extracted with n-butyl acetate. The mixtures of methyl acetate and diethyl ether are between 25:75 and 75:25 (v/v).

Abstract: Provision of an agent for improving muscle force and for improving exercise effect. An agent for improving muscle force containing a catechin as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: The compound of formula (I): is provided. It may be produced by subjecting a compound of formula (IV) to a reduction reaction wherein R represents hydrogen, straight or branched C1-C6 alkyl. This compound is a valuable intermediate which may be used in the synthesis of fesoterodine, tolterodine, its active metabolite, and related compounds.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing a biocompatible, water-soluble oligo/polyflavanoid, includes polymerizing an optionally substituted flavanoid with a polymerization agent in the presence of a biocompatible polymerization solubilizer, thereby producing the biocompatible, soluble oligo/polyflavanoid. Also included is a biocompatible, soluble, oligo/polyflavanoid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or complex thereof. Also included are methods of treating a subject for cancer, cardiac damage, viral infection, and obesity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds useful as inhibitors of protein kinases. The invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising said compounds and methods of using the compositions in the treatment of various disease, conditions, or disorders.

Abstract: (?)-EGCG, the most abundant catechin, was found to be chemopreventive and anticancer agent. However, (?)-EGCG has at least one limitation: it gives poor bioavailability. This invention provides compounds of generally formula 10, wherein R1 is selected from the group of —H and C1 to C6 acyl group; R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group of —H, —OH, and C1 to C6 acyloxyl group; and at least one of R2, R3, or R4 is —H. The derivatives of (?)-EGCG that is at least as potent as (?)-EGCG. The carboxylate protected forms of (?)-EGCG and its derivatives are found to be more stable than the unprotected forms, which can be used as proteasome inhibitors to reduce tumor cell growth.

Abstract: The use of compounds corresponding to formula I: in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 have the meanings given in the description for treating cardiac arrhythmias and other disease states.

Abstract: The method for producing proanthocyanidin-containing product of the present invention comprises the steps of providing a pine bark as a starting material, extracting the pine bark with at least one of water and an organic solvent, and treating the resultant extract with a synthetic resin adsorbent, wherein the pine bark has characteristics in that at least 7 wt % of solid material in terms of dry weight is obtained from a pine bark extract that is obtained by adding 10 parts by volume of an aqueous ethanol solution containing ethanol in the range of 50 to 80 volume % to one part by weight of the pine bark, and performing extraction at 80 to 85° C. for one hour. It is possible to conveniently and efficiently obtain proanthocyanidin-containing product that contains at least 10 wt % of OPCs.

Abstract: The invention provides chroman compounds having formula 1 wherein R1 is (1C-4C)alkyl, (2C-4C)alkenyl or (2C-4C)alkynyl, and independently R1 has a cis-orientation in relation to the exocyclic phenyl group at the 2-position of the skeleton; R4 is H, Hal, CF3, OH or (1C-2C)alkyloxy; R2, R3, and R5are independently H, Hal, CF3, (1C-4C)alkyl, (2C-4C)alkenyl or (2C-4C)alkynyl and prodrugs thereof for the manufacture of a medicine for estrogen-receptor related treatments.

Abstract: A method for preparing an enantiomeric chromane, by asymmetrically hydrogenating a chromene compound in the presence of an Ir catalyst having a chiral ligand. The method includes the enantioselective preparation of enantiomeric equol. A preferred Ir catalyst has a chiral phosphineoxazoline ligand. Enantiomeric chromanes of high stereoselective purity can be obtained.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions enriched for anthocyanins and methods of preparation thereof from a crude plant extract. The method of preparation includes a novel column purification step using a brominated polystyrene resin.

Abstract: A preparation method using as an intermediate 6-(halomethyl)-1,2-benzisoxazol-3(2H)-one derivative represented by general formula wherein R5 is a methyl group that is substituted with one or more optionally substituted phenyl groups, or an optionally substituted oxygen-containing heterocyclic group; X represents a halogen atom, can be used as a method for safely and easily preparing 3-{5-[4-(cyclopentyloxy)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]-2-[(3-hydroxy-1,2-benzisoxazol-6-yl)methoxy]phenyl}propionic acid, which is useful as an antirheumatic agent, with a high yield.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing flavan derivatives having various substituent groups with controlling the stereochemistry. The method of the present invention includes the steps of: hydratively condensing a phenol compound expressed by formula (I) and an alcohol compound expressed by formula (II) to from an epoxide compound of formula (III); opening the epoxy ring of the epoxide compound of formula (III) to form an iodine-containing compound of formula (IV); and cyclizing the iodine-containing compound to form the flavan derivative of formula (V).

Abstract: The present invention relates in part to antiinfective flavononol compounds represented by formula I: Another aspect of the invention is a method for treating an infection in a subject by administering the compounds of Formula I to the subject.

Abstract: Various processes are disclosed for preparing protected epicatechin oligomers having (4?,8)-interflavan linkages. In one process, a tetra-O-protected epicatechin monomer or oligomer is coupled with a protected, C-4 activated epicatechin monomer in the presence of an acidic clay such as a mortmorillonite clay. In another process, a 5,7,3?,4?-benzyl protected or a 3 -acetyl-, 5,7,3?,4?-benzyl protected epicatechin or catechin monomer or oligomer is reacted with 3 -O-acetyl-4-[(2-benzothiazolyl)thio]-5,7,3?,4?-tetra-O-benzylepicatechin in the presence of silver tetrafluoroborate. In another process, two 5,7,3?,4?-benzyl protected epicatechin monomers activated with 2-(benzothiazolyl)thio groups at the C-4 positions are cross-coupled in the presence of silver tetrofluoroborate. A process is also disclosed for reacting an unprotected epicatechin or catechin monomer with 4-(benzylthio) epicatechin or catechin.

Abstract: A process of making racemic [2S*[R*[R*[R*]]]] and [2R*[S*[S*[S*]]]]-(±)?,??-[iminobis(methylene)]bis[6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-methanol] of the compound of the formula (I) and its pure [2S*[R*[R*[R*]]]]- and [2R*[S*[S*[S*]]]]-enantiomer compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing as its main component proanthocyanidin oligomer to which a substance having a phloroglucinol ring structure or resorcinol ring structure has been bonded, and reduced in the molecular weight, which is obtained by heating plant materials containing proanthocyanidin polymer or extract thereof with a substance having a phloroglucinol ring structure or resorcinol ring structure in an acidic aqueous solution, production method thereof, and uses of the composition in health products and pharmaceutical products. According to the invention, proanthocyanidin oligomer having physiological activity, to which a substance having a phloroglucinol ring structure or resorcinol ring structure has been bonded and reduced in the molecular weight to such a level that the oligomer can be absorbed into living body, which has been conventionally difficult to obtain at high yield from plant raw materials, can be produced efficiently and easily.

Abstract: Neurite outgrowth-promoting prostaglandins (NEPPs) and other electrophilic compounds bind to Keap1, a negative regulator of the transcription factor Nrf2, and prevent Keap1-mediated inactivation of Nrf2 and, thus, enhance Nrf2 translocation into the nucleus of neuronal cells. Therefore, neuroprotective compositions and related methods are provided that employ such neuroprotective compounds, and prodrugs of such compounds, to cause dissociation of Nrf2 from a Keap1/Nrf2 complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chalcone and chalcone derivatives and analogs which are useful as angiogenesis inhibitors. The present compounds, which are inexpensive to synthesize, exhibit unexpectedly good activity as angiogenesis inhibitors. The present invention also relates to the use of chalcone and its analogs as antitumor/anticancer agents and to treat a number of conditions or disease states in which angiogenesis is a factor, including angiogenic skin diseases such as psoriasis, acne, rosacea, warts, eczema, hemangiomas, lymphangiogenesis, among numerous others, as well as chronic inflammatory disease such as arthritis.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to substituted 4H-chromenes, 2H-chromenes, chromans and analogs thereof, represented by the general Formula (I) wherein R5, A, B, X, Y, Z and dotted lines are defined herein. The present invention also relates to the discovery that compounds having Formula (I) are activators of caspases and inducers of apoptosis. Therefore, the activators of caspases and inducers of apoptosis of this invention can be used to induce cell death in a variety of clinical conditions in which uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells occurs.

Abstract: Compounds useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases and disorders by modulating the activity of KSP are disclosed.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide a lipopexia inhibitor being effective for the inhibition of fat accumulation. [Means for Solving Problems] There is provided a lipopexia inhibitor comprising an effective amount of any of methylated catechins of the following chemical formula (1) obtained by extraction of green tea or Pouchung tea. (1) wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently is a hydrogen atom or methyl; and each of X1 and X2 independently is a hydrogen atom or hydroxyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound and a method of using the compound to inactivate tyrosinase activity in a subject comprising administering the patient with an effective amount of this novel compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preventing or treating one or more of the following medical conditions, or treating symptoms of one or more of the following medical conditions: amebic infections, giardiasis, estrogen deficient states, osteoporosis, cardiovascular heart disease, high cholesterol levels, hyperlipidemia, cancer by administering to a subject having, or predisposed to, one or more of the conditions, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The present invention provides lipase inhibitors containing dimers having an epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) unit derived from teas as well as foods and beverages and medicines containing said inhibitors. More specifically, the present invention provides lipase inhibitors containing at least one of proanthocyanidins represented by the formula: wherein R1 and R2 independently represent H or OH, and R3 and R4 independently represent H or a galloyl group; as well as foods and beverages and pharmaceutical compositions containing said lipase inhibitors.

Abstract: Catechin type-A proanthocyanidins are recovered from cinnamon bark or other sources rich in catechin type-A proanthocyanidins by extraction with a first organic solvent to provide an extract rich in catechin type-A proanthocyanidins. This extract is combined with water and the organic solvent is removed by distillation so that proanthocyanidins are transferred to the aqueous phase with the precipitation of hydrophobic materials. The aqueous extract is further purified by contact with a second organic solvent that is immiscible with water and appropriate polarity to remove reddish colored, higher polymeric proanthocyanidins from the aqueous phase. The purified aqueous extract is then subjected to evaporative concentration to produce a first solid extract. Extraction of the first solid extract with dry acetone produces an organic extract which, upon removal of the acetone, produces a solid which is enriched in catechin type-A proanthocyanidins. Purity is increased by about another 20%.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are directed to covalent adducts between reducing agents and optionally substituted 3-hydroxyflavans, wherein the reducing agent is covalently bound to the B-ring of the 3-hydroxyflavan. Such adducts exhibit markedly increased stability towards oxidation as compared to the unmodified 3-hydroxyflavan. Particularly preferred 3-hydroxyflavans include green tea catechins, and especially EGCG, while especially preferred reducing agents include NAC and glutathione.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a lipase activity inhibitor which shows a high inhibitory activity on pancreatic lipase, regulates the absorption of fat from meals and/or contributes to the regulation or prevention of obesity, a food and a drink containing the same, and a tea-origin lipase inhibitor being highly preferable and not worsening taste. It is also intended to provide a method of producing the lipase inhibitor. It is further intended to provide antioxidative agent. To overcome these problems, an epigallocatechin dimer (oolong homo bis flavans) or trimer is added to foods or drinks. Thus, the absorption of fat from meals can be regulated and an antioxidative effect can be obtained. The above compounds can be produced by reacting epigallocatechin gallate with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid.

Abstract: A drug, quasi drug, food or drink product containing a proanthocyanidine derived from hop, hop bract or apple has the effect of neutralizing or attenuating a vacuolacting toxin produced by Helicobacter pylori, thus preventing, preventing recurrence or treating digestive diseases in which Helicobacter pylori participates, as well as killing Helicobacter pylori, while providing few side effects and being free of risk of the occurrence of a tolerant strain.

Abstract: Methods for recovering valuable compounds and substances from plants after distillation of oils are disclosed. The methods involve various aqueous and non-aqueous solvent extraction of plant material from which oils have been distilled previously.

Abstract: A method of improving the resistance of collagenous tissue to mechanical degradation in accordance with the present invention comprises the step of contacting at least a portion of a collagenous tissue with an effective amount of a crosslinking reagent. Methods and devices for enhancing the body's own efforts to stabilize discs in scoliotic spines by increasing collagen crosslinks. This stability enhancement is caused by reducing the bending hysteresis and increasing the bending stiffness of scoliotic spines, by injecting non-toxic crosslinking reagents into the convex side of discs involved in the scoliotic curve. Alternatively, contact between the tissue and the crosslinking reagent is affected by placement of a time-release delivery system directly into or onto the target tissue.

Abstract: The compound (1) according to the invention has general solid-state properties necessary for a compound, stability against heat, light and the like, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds. The liquid crystal composition according to the invention contains at least one compound represented by formula (1). The liquid crystal display element according to the invention contains the composition. The compound (1) is represented by formula (1): wherein Ra, Rb, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, Z11, Z12, Z13, Z14, Z15, Z16, Y1, Y2, k, l, m, n, p and q are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for decreasing the amount of environmental pollutants in a mixture comprising a fat or an oil, being edible or for use in cosmetics, the fat or oil containing the environmental pollutants, which process comprises the steps of adding a volatile working fluid to the mixture, where the volatile working fluid comprises at least one of a fatty acid ester, a fatty acid amid, a free fatty acid and a hydrocarbon, and subjecting the mixture with the added volatile working fluid to at least one stripping processing step, in which an amount of environmental pollutant present in the fat or oil, being edible or for use in cosmetics, is separated from the mixture together with the volatile working fluid. The present invention also relates to a volatile environmental pollutants decreasing working fluid, for use in decreasing an amount of environmental pollutants present in a fat or oil, being edible or for use in cosmetics.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the composition of antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) and its use. The purpose of present invention is to provide a new food additive which is natural, nutritional, and muti-functional, and which is of rich resources, safety, good effect, and low cost. AOB is yellow or brown powders or particles obtained from bamboo leaves, wherein the main antioxidative components include flavones, lactones, phenolic acids. AOB can either inhibit lipid autoxidation chain reaction, or chelate transitional metal ions, and can be used as primary and second antioxidant. AOB can eliminate nitrite and inhibit the synthesis of N-nitrosamine, and has anti-bacteria, bacteriostatic, deodorizing, aroma enhancing etc. functions. AOB can be commonly used in oil-containing food, meat product, fishery product, expanded food etc. food systems.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: wherein a, b, c, X, R2, R3, R4, R6 and R7 are defined herein, are useful as inhibitors of HIV replication.

Abstract: The present invention provides lipase inhibitors containing flavan-3-ol monomers or acylates thereof derived from teas as well as foods and beverages and medicines containing said inhibitors. More specifically, the present invention provides lipase inhibitors containing at least one of flavan-3-ol monomers represented by the formula: wherein R1 and R3 independently represent H or OH, R2 represents H, R4 represents H, G, 3MeG or p-cou, R5 represents H or G, R4? and R5? independently represent H or G, R4? represents H or G, and G, 3MeG and p-cou respectively represent the groups of the formulae: or acylates thereof; as well as foods and beverages and medicines containing said lipase inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to enzymatic assays and substrates for Class II histone deacetylases. More particularly, the invention relates to such assays and substrates utilizing whole cells, extracts of such whole cells, extracts of sub-cellular compartments of such whole cells, or bodily fluids.

Abstract: A photosensitive compound has two or more structural units, in a molecule, represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1 to R5 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, alkoxy group, acetoxy group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, and alkyl group in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms are substituted with fluorine atom; and X is a substituted or unsubstituted phenylene group or a substituted or unsubstituted naphthylene group.

Abstract: Compounds useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases and disorders by modulating the activity of KSP are disclosed.

Abstract: (?)-EGCG, the most abundant catechin, was found to be chemopreventive and anticancer agent. However, (?)-EGCG has at least one limitation: it gives poor bioavailability. This invention provides compounds of generally formulae below, wherein R11, R12, R13, R21, R22, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of —H, and C1 to C10 acyloxyl group; and R5 is selected from the group consisting of —H, C1-C10-alkyl, C2-C10-alkenyl, C2-C10-alkynyl, C3-C7-cycloalkyl, phenyl, benzyl and C3 -C7 -cycloalkenyl, whereas each of the last mentioned 7 groups can be substituted with any combination of one to six halogen atoms; at least one of R11, R12, R13, R21, R22, R2, R3 and R4 is —H, which were found to be more potent than their non-protected counterparts, which can be used as proteasome inhibitors to reduce tumor cell growth.

Abstract: A composition for use in making commercial food and skin products comprising S-equol or mixtures, including both a non-racemic mixture and a racemic mixture, of S-equol and R-equol. The composition can be used to make articles of commerce such as food supplements, pharmaceuticals, and medicaments. The compositions are useful in a method of delivering S-equol to a mammal to prevent or treat a disease or associated condition, including hormone-dependent diseases or conditions such as cardiovascular disease, lipid disorder, osteopenia, osteoporosis, liver disease, and acute ovarian estrogen deficiency. The S-equol enantiomer can be produced in a biological synthesis from the metabolism of an isoflavone by an organism.

Abstract: The invention provides a compound, useful as an optical probe or sensor of the activity of at least one cytochrome P450 enzyme, and methods of using the compound to screen candidate drugs, and candidate drugs identified by these methods.

Abstract: Compounds corresponding to formula I: in which R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 have the meanings given in the description; a process for the preparation of these compounds; intermediate products used to prepare such compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a chalcone compound represented by the following general formula: wherein R1 and R2 are taken together with the carbon atom to which they are bound, respectively, to form a hydroxydimethyl hexane ring, or where R1 is a hydroxyl group, R2 is an isohexenyl group, a derivative thereof, or a salt thereof. Also, the present invention relates to a therapeutic agent or prophylactic agent for a disease requiring neuronal protection, suppression for nitrogen monoxide (NO) production, inhibition for aldose reductase or suppression for interleukin production, and a food, beverage or feed for treatment or prevention of the above-mentioned disease, characterized in that each comprises the above-mentioned compound as an effective ingredient.

Abstract: Compounds useful as chemotherapeutic, chemopreventive, and antiangiogenic agents are provided. The compounds are flavanoids, including flavanones, flavanols, and chalcones. The compounds have the structure of formula (I) wherein R1 through R3 and R5 through R11 are defined herein, and ?, ?, and ? are optional bonds, providing that when ? is absent, ? is present, and when ? is absent, ? is present. When ? is present, preferred R4 moieties are selected from O, S, NH and CH2, and when ? is absent, preferred R4 groups are selected from OH, SH, NH2 and CH3. When ? is present, the preferred R5 substituent is O, while when ? is absent, the preferred R5 substituent is OH. Pharmaceutical compositions are provided as well, as are methods of synthesis and use.

Abstract: Processes are disclosed for the production of linear and branched procyanidin oligomers having “n” procyanidin monomeric units where n is 2 to 18. The processes include coupling protected, activated monomers with an unprotected monomer to produce a partially protected (4?8) dimer. The dimer is optionally blocked, coupled with an activated protected monomer to produce a partially protected, optionally blocked trimer, and deprotected. The steps can be repeated to produce higher oligomers. Processes are also provided for producing (8?8), (8?6), and (6?6) dimers and doubly branched oligomers. Crystalline 8-bromo tetra-O-benzyl (?)-epicatechin is produced under certain conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds for the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases, and more particularly, to chromenone derivatives of formula (Ia), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and A have the meanings indicated in the claims. The invention also relates to processes for the preparation of the compounds of formula (Ia), to methods of inhibiting cyclin-dependent kinases and of inhibiting cell proliferation, to the use of the compounds of formula (Ia) in the treatment and prophylaxis of diseases, which can be treated or prevented by the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases such as cancer, to the use of the compounds of formula (Ia) in the preparation of medicaments to be applied in such diseases.