Abstract: Catalytic hydroesterification of alkyl lactates give alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates, starting from alkyl lactate, carbon monoxide, ethylene gas, and a palladium catalyst. Pyrolysis of alkyl 2-(propionyloxy)propanoates gives acrylate esters.

Abstract: A method for producing a cyclopropanecarboxylic acid compound represented by formula (VI) (wherein R denotes the same as below), which comprising reacting a compound represented by formula (V) (wherein R denotes a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or the like, and R1 denotes a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms optionally substituted with a halogen atom or the like) with an alkali metal borohydride compound in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: Provided are a process for preparing a 4-amino-2-alkylthio-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde, which is industrially advantageous in that a 4-amino-2-alkylthio-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde can be prepared in high yield in a simple way, an intermediate used in the process, and a process for preparing the intermediate, which is industrially advantageous in that the intermediate can be prepared safely in high yield with ease. The present invention is directed to: a process for preparing an alkali metal salt of 3,3-dialkoxy-2-hydroxymethylenepropanenitrile, comprising reacting at least one nitrile compound selected from the group consisting of a 3,3-dialkoxypropanenitrile and a 3-alkoxy-2-propenenitrile, with a formic acid ester at ?10 to 30° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process, which includes:

Abstract: A method of preparing an .alpha.-cyanoacrylate ester of a desired alcohol includes the steps ofpreparing a compound which is an .alpha.-selenoaryl-.alpha.-cyanopropionate ester of the desired alcohol,oxidizing said .alpha.-selenoaryl-.alpha.-cyanopropionate ester to the corresponding selenoxide,eliminating arylselenic acid from the selenoxide to produce said .alpha.-cyanoacrylate ester, andseparating said .alpha.-cyanoacrylate ester from the selenic acid.At temperatures of about 0.degree. C. or higher, the elimination step occurs concurrently with the oxidizing step using a peroxide or ozone oxidizing agent. The desired cyanoacrylate ester is obtained in good yield and very high purity. The method can be used to prepare difficult to synthesize plural functional cyanoacrylate monomers and mono- cyanoacrylate monomers regardless of alcohol chain length.

Abstract: 1,1-disubstituted ethylene compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where Z is COOR.sup.2, CN or COR.sup.3, R.sup.1 is an aliphatic, cycloalophatic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic radical which may be further substituted by functional groups which are inert under the reaction conditions, R.sup.2 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical of 1 to 15 carbon atoms and R.sup.3 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radical of 1 to 15 carbon atoms which may be substituted by groups which are inert under the reaction conditions, and R.sup.1 together with R.sup.2 or R.sup.1 together with R.sup.3 may furthermore form an alkylene chain of 2 to 10 carbon atoms which may be substituted by groups which are inert under the reaction conditions, are prepared from a formyl compound of the general formula II ##STR2## where Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the above meanings, by a process in which the reaction is carried out in the presence of formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and(a) a C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative or salts thereof, having the formula ##STR1## wherein R represents an alkyl group (which may be substituted by unsubstituted or substituted phenyl groups, halogen atoms, C.sub.1-6 alkoxycarbonyl groups, carboxy groups, C.sub.1-6 alkoxycarbonyl C.sub.1-6 alkylthio groups, hydroxy groups, mercapto groups, cycloalkyl groups or heterocyclic groups containing oxygen atoms); an alkenyl group; a cycloalkyl group; an aryl group (which may be substituted by halogen atoms, C.sub.1-6 alkyl groups, nitro-groups, unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or phenoxy groups or heterocyclic groups containing oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms).The 2,3-diaminoacrylonitrile derivative can be used as starting materials for the production of pharmaceutical and/or agricultural intermediates such as cyanoimidazoles, cyanopyrazines or other cyano-substituted heterocycles.

Abstract: A method for the oxidative conversion of feed organic compounds to product organic compounds, particularly, the conversion of toluene to bibenzyl and stilbene and the conversion of acetonitrile to acrylonitrile, in which the feed compounds are contacted with a free oxygen-containing gas and a contact material, comprising at least one Group IIA metal or lanthanum and oxygen; at least two Group IIA metals, Lanthanum Series metals, zinc, or titanium and oxygen; at least one Group IA metal, at least one Group IIA metal, Lanthanum Series metals, zinc or titanium and oxygen; at least one Group IA metal or Group IIA metal, phosphorous and oxygen; cobalt, at least one of zirconium, zinc, nickel, indium, lead or bismuth, phosphorous, at least one Group IA metal and oxygen; or cobalt, at least one Group IA metal, silicon and oxygen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a 1,1-disubstituted ethylene derivative of the formula ##STR1## which comprises reacting lead with a carbinol derivative of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, X, Y, m and n are defined in the specification. The reaction is conducted more advantageously in the presence of a metal having higher ionization tendency than lead.

Abstract: A process for the synthesis of vinyl ethers of formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, each independently, represent hydrogen or a primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl group,R.sub.3 is a hydrogen, a primary alkyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl group, orR.sub.2 and R.sub.3, taken together, represent a polymethylene chain containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms wherein one or more hydrogens can be replaced by methyl or ethyl groups, andR is a primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl group, which comprises reacting a suitably selected dioxolane derivative of formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are as defined above, andR.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, and R.sub.7, each independently, represent hydrogen or an alkyl group, with a boric acid ester of formula IIIB(OR).sub.3 IIIwhereinR is as defined above, in the vapor phase, at a temperature comprised between 100.degree. and 400.degree. C., and in the presence of an acidic heterogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: Novel vinyl ethers are prepared in decarboxylation reactions of novel acid fluoride compounds according to the following reaction: ##STR1## wherein a is 0 or an integer greater than 0;b is 0 or an integer greater than 0;n=1 or an integer greater than 1;R.sub.f and R.sub.f ' are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, perfluoroalkyl or fluorochloroalkyl;X=F, Cl, Br or mixtures thereof when n>1X'=Cl or Br;Y is an acid group or an acid derivative easily convertible to an acid group;Z=F, Cl, Br, OH, NRR' or OA;R and R' are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl having one or more than one carbon atoms, and aryl; andA=alkali metal, quaternary nitrogen, or R.These vinyl ethers may be homopolymerized with themselves or copolymerized with other vinyl ethers.