Abstract: Esters of 4-substituted 2-methyleneglutaric acids are prepared by reacting an ester of acrylic acid with an ester of an .alpha.-substituted acrylic acid, such as an ester of methacrylic acid, in the presence of a tertiary organic phosphine, an organic phosphorus triamide, an organic phosphonous diamide, or an organic phosphinous amide.
Abstract: For inhibiting corrosion and scale on ferrous metal parts in a circulating water system there is added to the water in such system from 10 to 500 ppm of a partial ester of a polyfunctional acid having a free carboxylate, phosphonate or sulfonate group and another carboxyl group which is esterified with a polyoxyalkylated derivative of an alkyl, alkaryl, or alkenyl alcohol having a terminal hydrocarbon group of 8-20 carbon atoms. In some preferred embodiments there is added with the partial ester from 10 to 500 ppm of a dispersible enhancing agent which may also include a surface active agent for dispersing the agent in water. Preferred partial esters include partial esters of citric, malic, tartaric, maleic, adipic and phthalic acids partially esterified with an alkyl polyoxyethylene alcohol having 2 to 4 ethoxy groups.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 17, 1975
Date of Patent:
September 13, 1977
Assignee:
American Cyanamid Company
Inventors:
Tzeng Jiueq Suen, Arthur James Begala, Jr., Martin Grayson