Abstract: Sulfonyl or carbonyl derivatives of inositols are found to be effective phospholipase C inhibitors and thereby potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. These inositol derivatives are prepared by condensation of a protected inositol with a substituted sulfonic or carboxylic acid derivative followed by removal of protecting groups.

Abstract: This invention relates to 3-alkoxy-4-substituted-phenoxy-2,3-unsaturated acid esters and derivatives thereof and the use of said acid esters and derivatives for the control of weeds.

Abstract: Vinyl ether monomers derived from diesters of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and n is 0 to 10; copolymers of the vinyl ether monomers with one or more selected perfluorinated monoolefins; articles of manufacture made from the copolymers; process for making the diesters; process for using copolymer membranes in a chlor-alkali cell.

Abstract: 3-Alkoxy-4-substituted-phenoxy-2,3-unsaturated acid esters and derivatives thereof and the use thereof for the control of weeds.

Abstract: Process for making alkyl-.omega.-fluoroformyl esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 3, by reacting the methyl or ethyl ester of trifluoropyruvic acid with hexafluoropropene oxide in the presence of fluoride ion catalyst, in an aprotic liquid medium; and the ester wherein n=0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of telluroxides as mild and selective oxidizing agents serving to oxidize certain functions, notably >C.dbd.S groups, in the presence of other relatively easily oxidized functions which remain unaffected; telluroxides of interest as oxidizing agents include, for example, compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R.sup.1, which may be the same or different, each represent an optionally substituted aryl or heterocyclic group; or R and R.sup.1 together with the tellurium atom therebetween represent a heterocyclic ring, which may contain one or more further heteroatoms, and which may carry substituents and/or fused aromatic rings.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process to produce compounds represented by the general formulaY--(CFR.sub.f).sub.a --(CFR.sub.f ').sub.b --O--CF.dbd.CF.sub.2by decarboxylation of compounds represented by the general formula ##STR1## where a=0-3; b=0-3;provided a+b=2 or 3;Y.dbd.an acid derivative;X.dbd.Cl, I, or Br;M.dbd.OR, F, Cl, Br, I, OA;A.dbd.alkali metal, alkali earth metal, a quaternary nitrogen and hydrogen;R.sub.f ' and R.sub.f are independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, perfluoroalkyls and fluorochloroalkylsR.dbd.an alkyl having one or more carbon atoms or an aryl.

Abstract: Unsaturated eicosanoic acids and derivatives thereof which inhibit the synthesis of SRS-A are useful for treating and preventing asthma and allergic responses caused by SRS-A as well as useful in inhibiting inflammation.

Abstract: A fluorovinyl ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.dbd.CF.sub.2 (I)wherein X represents --H, --Cl, --Br, --F, --CO.sub.2 R, --CONRR', --SO.sub.2 F, ##STR1## or --COF and R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; R' represents --H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; Rf represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 bifunctional perfluoro-containing group is produced by reacting an iodine-containing ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I (II)in the presence of a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of Mg, Cu, Zn, Zn-Cu, Zn-Cd, Zn-Pd, Zn-Hg, Sn, Sb, organomagnesium compounds and organolithium compounds.

Abstract: A cis-trans isomerization of a cis-.beta.-.gamma.-unsaturated alcohol or its ester having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group; X represents hydrogen atom or ##STR2## and R.sub.2 represents a hydrocarbon moiety or a hydroxyhydrocarbon moiety; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon moiety into a transform, in the presence of a mercaptan as a catalyst, is provided. It can be also attained in the presence of a mercaptan and/or a disulfide as a catalyst in an inert gas environment with an initiator. It can be also attained in the presence of a mercaptan under an irradiation, if desired with a small amount of an initiator.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are lower alkyl, R.sub.4 is lower alkoxy, R.sub.6 and R.sub.8 are methyl or trifluoro methyl, R.sub.9 is formyl, hydroxymethyl, alkoxymethyl, alkanoyloxymethyl, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkenoxycarbonyl, lower alkynoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, mono(lower alkyl)-carbamoyl, di(lower alkyl)carbamoyl or N-heterocyclylcarbonyl, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 are hydrogen or fluorine with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12 or R.sub.13 is fluorine or at least one of R.sub.6 or R.sub.8 is trifluoro methyl, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof useful as antitumor agents are disclosed.

Abstract: Ketoester of the formula ##STR1## .alpha.-carboxylate-.omega.-acyl fluoride of the formula ##STR2## vinyl ether of the formula ##STR3## divinyl ether of the formula ##STR4## allyl ether of the formula ##STR5## and film-forming copolymers, useful as molding resins, of the vinyl ether and/or the divinyl ether or the allyl ether and a fluorinated vinyl monomer, for example, tetrafluoroethylene, wherein, in the above formulas, n is 0 to 6, p is 0 to 7, X is CO.sub.2 M, CO.sub.2 R, CO.sub.2 H, CONH.sub.2, COF, COCl or CN, M is alkali metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium and R is C.sub.1-8 alkyl, selected copolymers, after hydrolysis, being water-wettable and dyeable, exhibiting ion-exchange properties and being useful in curable fluoroelastomer compositions and, in film form, as the membrane in a chloroalkali electrolysis cell.

Abstract: Novel, transient prodrug forms of dopa and dopamine have (i) the structural formula (I): ##STR1## wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, R.sup.3 -CO- and ##STR2## wherein X is O, S or NR.sup.6 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or --COOR.sup.8 ; R.sup.2 is hydrogen or OR; R.sup.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing 2-alkoxyacrylate by heating an alkyl 2,2-dialkoxypropionate with a molar amount each of a heterocyclic amine and an organic carboxylic acid halide in the presence of a catalytic amount of an inorganic base.

Abstract: This invention relates to new ammonium salts of .alpha.-ketocarboxylic acids, to their use for the production of amines in situ by photochemical decomposition and to photochemically hardenable coating compositions containing these ammonium salts.

Abstract: A process for producing sorbic acid and its derivatives, which comprises reacting crotonaldehyde with ketene in the presence of a catalyst and decomposing or hydrolyzing the resulting adduct, said catalyst comprising a zinc salt of an aliphatic carboxylic acid and a phosphine or a pyridine.

Abstract: A condensation product from aliphatic or cycloaliphatic polyols, aliphatic saturated or once unsaturated hydroxycarboxylic acids and aliphatic or cycloaliphatic saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acids is an effective lubricant for the working of metals, optionally in admixture with other lubricating oils and conventional additives.

Abstract: Novel esters of halo-4-alkenoic acid compounds having pesticidal activity and methods of their preparation.

Abstract: 3-Alkoxy-2-alkyl-propionic acid derivatives are prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of the acrylic acid analogs. The latter are obtained by CO treatment of lower alkyl esters of alkanoic acids having 3-6 carbon atoms in the presence of alkali metal methylate and condensation of the resulting 2-formylalkanoic acids or their alkali metal enolates with compounds of the formula X--(CH.sub.2).sub.m --Z wherein X is Cl, Br, or OH, and Z is Cl, Br, I, alkyl- or arylsulfonyl, or OH.

Abstract: A fluorovinyl ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.dbd.CF.sub.2 (I)wherein X represents --H, --Cl, --Br, --F, --CO.sub.2 R, --CONRR', --SO.sub.2 F, ##STR1## or --COF and R represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; R' represents --H or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group; Rf represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 bifunctional perfluoro-containing group is produced by reacting an iodine-containing ether having the formulaXRfCF.sub.2 OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 I (II)in the presence of a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of Mg, Cu, Zn, Zn-Cu, Zn-Cd, Zn-Pd, Zn-Hg, Sn, Sb, organomagnesium compounds and organolithium compounds.

Abstract: The reaction of a polyfluorocarbonyl compound such as a polyfluoroketone or polyfluorocarboxylic acid fluoride with fluoride ion and a polyfluoroallyl chloride, bromide or fluorosulfate produces a polyfluoroallyloxy carboxylic acid or ester, e.g., CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFCF.sub.2 OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COOH. The polyfluoroallyloxy compounds copolymerize with ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene or vinylidene fluoride to form polymers which are moldable, and in some cases electrically conducting or are water-wettable and dyeable.

Abstract: Synthesis and intermediates for making an insect pheromone useful in the control of the yellow scale.

Abstract: Fluorinated ion exchange polymers which have pendant side chains which contain --OCF.sub.2 COOR groups, or which have both pendant side chains containing carboxylic groups and pendant side chains which contain sulfonyl groups, when used in the form of membranes to separate the anode and cathode compartments of an electrolysis cell, permit operation at high current efficiency. Those containing both carboxylic and sulfonyl groups can be made by oxidation of fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfinic groups, or both sulfinic and sulfonyl groups. The fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfinic groups, or both sulfinic and sulfonyl groups, are in turn made from fluorinated polymers which have pendant side chains containing sulfonyl halide groups by reduction with, for example, hydrazine. Those polymers which have only pendant side chains which contain --OCF.sub.

Abstract: Conjugated diolefins (e.g., 1,3-butadiene) are carbonylated by the palladium-catalyzed addition of carbon monoxide and an alcohol of the formula ROH (e.g., benzyl alcohol) whereby polycarboxylic esters are formed in which the pair of double bonds of the conjugated diolefin has been transformed into a moiety having the formula: ##STR1## In the process, the olefin, carbon monoxide, and alcohol are reacted in the presence of a palladium(II) salt, a copper(II) salt, and a base, at certain concentrations and at a pressure and temperature sufficient to effect the carbonylation. The resulting unsaturated diester can be hydrolyzed and hydrogenated or vice versa to obtain the corresponding linear diacid (e.g., adipic acid).

Abstract: Carboxylic acids and/or esters are prepared by converting the ##STR1## moiety in a 1-substituted 2,2-trihaloethanol, or derivative wherein X represents halogen and R is hydrogen or an acyl group to an organic acid and/or ester grouping of the formula ##STR2## wherein R' is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in the process which comprises reacting the 1-substituted 2,2,2-trihaloethanol or acylated derivative with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst comprising a complex of a transition metal having an atomic number from 21-30, 39-48 or 57-80 and at least one molecule of a ligand containing trivalent nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony. This reaction is carried out in a reaction medium comprising an alcohol or aqueous alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms optionally containing an alkali metal, said alcoholic solvent also serving as a reactant source when carboxylic acid esters are formed.

Abstract: In the oxidation of acyclic conjugated dienes, recovery and recycle of the oxidation catalyst is accomplished by distilling off the oxidation solvent, extraction of the oxidation product with a suitable solvent, and removal of the extraction solvent residue from the catalyst, and recycle of the catalyst to the oxidation step.

Abstract: Saturated vicinal esters produced by reacting olefins with carboxylic acid and anhydrides thereof in the presence of oxygen and a vanadium- or ruthenium-containing catalyst.

Abstract: Monoolefins and diolefins are converted to corresponding esters in a process by contacting together at least one monoolefin, diolefin or mixture thereof, oxygen, at least one iodosoaryl dicarboxylate and at least one carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or mixture thereof.

Abstract: A perfluorinated vinyl ether having an ester group which has the formulaCF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 (A).sub.p (CF.sub.2).sub.q CO.sub.2 Rwherein A represents a c.sub.1 -C.sub.10 divalent perfluorinated radical; p represents 0 or 1; q represents 0 or 1 to 3; and R represents an organic radical, is produced by pyrolyzing (thermally decomposing) an asymmetric diacyl halide having the formula ##STR1## wherein X represents --F, --Cl or --Br and then, reacting the resulting perfluorinated vinyl ether having a halocarbonyl group which has the formulaCF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.2 (A).sub.p (CF.sub.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are lower alkyl, R.sub.4 is lower alkoxy, R.sub.6 and R.sub.8 are methyl or trifluoro methyl, R.sub.9 is formyl, hydroxymethyl, alkoxymethyl, alkanoyloxymethyl, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, lower alkenoxycarbonyl, lower alkynoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, mono(lower alkyl)-carbamoyl, di(lower alkyl)carbamoyl or N-heterocyclylcarbonyl, R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.10, R.sub.11 R.sub.12 and R.sub.13 are hydrogen or fluorine with the proviso that at least one of R.sub.5, R.sub.7, R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12 or R.sub.13 is fluorine or at least one of R.sub.6 or R.sub.8 is trifluoro methyl,or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof useful as antitumor agents are disclosed.

Abstract: Isovaleric acid ester derivatives, process for producing thereof, and insecticides containing said derivatives of the general formula I: ##STR1## wherein A represents O, NH, or CH.sub.2,R.sub.1 represents, if A is O or NH, an alkyl, an alkenyl, a haloalkyl and a haloalkenyl radical with 2-6 carbon atoms, and a radical selected from those of the general formulae II, III, IV and V: ##STR2## in which n is an integer of 1-3, R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, methyl group or chlorine atom; andif A is CH.sub.2, R.sub.1 represents an alkyl, an alkenyl, a haloalkyl and a haloalkenyl radical with 1-5 carbon atoms, whileR.sub.1 --A represents a naphthyl group bonding to the main chain at the .beta.-position, andR.sub.2 represents hydrogen or a cyano group.

Abstract: Polyprenyl derivatives having the formula ##STR1## [wherein A and B individually represent a group of the formula --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1 (wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having an intervening hetero atom in the carbon chain, carboxyl group on its salt or an aliphatic acyl group optionally having an intervening hetero atom in the carbon chain, an aromatic acyl group, a heterocyclic acyl group, an araliphatic acyl group, a heterocyclic aliphatic acyl group or a radical of an inorganic acid or its salt) or where one of A and B represents the group --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1, the other represents a group of the formula --COOR.sup.2 (wherein R.sup.2 represents hydrogen atom, a metal atom capable of forming a salt, an organic base or an akyl group), a group of the formula ##STR2## or a group of the formula ##STR3## (wherein R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may be the same or different and each represents hydrogen atom, an alkyl group optionally having a heterocyclic substituent, an aryl group or an aralkyl group or R.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising a uranium compound, an alkali metal ion, and a halide, is effective to convert conjugated dienes in carboxylic acid media to diacyloxy olefins.

Abstract: A fluorinated vinyl ether having an ester group which has the formulaCF.sub.2 .dbd. CFOCF.sub.2 (CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2).sub.n-1 (Rf).sub.m CO.sub.2 Rwherein n represents an integer of 1 to 5; m represents 0 or 1; Rf represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 bifunctional perfluoro group and R represents an alkyl group, is produced by reacting fluorinated acyl fluoride having an ester group which has the formulaFOC(CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2).sub.n (Rf).sub.m CO.sub.2 Rwith an alkali metal carbonate to produce an alkali metal salt of fluorinated carboxylic acid having an ester group which has the formulaMOOC(CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2).sub.n (Rf).sub.m CO.sub.2 Rwherein M represnts an alkali metal;And then, thermally decomposing the alkali metal salt of fluorinated carboxylic acid having an ester group.

Abstract: Alkyl perfluoro-.omega.-fluoroformyl esters are provided which have the formula ##STR1## wherein R is alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, and N IS 0-6 (PREFERABLY 0).Compounds where n is 0 are prepared by contacting SO.sub.3 with a compound of the formulaROOC--CF.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 --OR.sup.1.Compounds where n is 1-6 are prepared by contacting a compound where n is 0 with hexafluoropropylene oxide.Also provided are polymerizable monomers having the formula ##STR2## wherein Y is --COOR, --COOH, --COOM or --CN, where M is an alkali metal, ammonium or quaternary ammonium and p is 1-5, prepared from alkyl perfluoro-.omega.-fluoroformyl esters of this invention.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of acetals by reacting aliphatic aldehydes with aliphatic alcohols, especially olefinically unsaturated aldehydes and allyl alcohols, in the presence of a distillable acid, especially nitric acid, using a rectifying column as the reaction vessel. The products may be used as starting materials for plastics, active substances, scents and vitamins.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel intermediates and novel processes for the synthesis of various side chain and skeletal analogs of Thromboxane B.sub.2 (11.beta.-homo-11a-oxa-PGF.sub.2.alpha.). These analogs are particularly and especially useful as reproductive cycle control agents.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel intermediates and novel processes for the synthesis of various side chain and skeletal analogs of Thromboxane B.sub.2 (11.beta.-homo-11.alpha.-oxa-PGF.sub.2.alpha.). These analogs are particularly and especially useful as reproductive cycle control agents.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel intermediates and novel processes for the synthesis of various side chain and skeletal analogs of Thromboxane B.sub.2 (11.beta.-homo-11a-oxa-PGF.sub.2.alpha.). These analogs are particularly and especially useful as reproductive cycle control agents.

Abstract: The carboxylic acid esters of unsaturated alcohols, including acyloxy olefins and alkenyllactones, are prepared by the reaction of an acyclic conjugated diene, a carboxylic acid anhydride and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalytic amount of a catalyst system comprising a copper ion source, an alkali metal and a chloride or bromide ion source, wherein the carboxylic acid anhydride is both reactant and diluent, and wherein the initial reaction charge contains not more than about 1 mole of water per mole of the copper component of the catalyst system.

Abstract: A conjugated diolefin is reacted with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid and a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst comprising a lead compound.

Abstract: Novel prostanoic acid derivatives of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and carbalkoxy of 1 to 7 alkyl carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carboxy and carbalkoxy of 1 to 7 alkyl carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and .alpha.-tetrahydropyranyl .Iadd.and at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is other than hydrogen.Iaddend., m is 3, 4 or 5 and n is 2, 3 or 4 with the proviso that when R.sub.1 is carbalkoxy, R is alkyl of 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sub.2 is hydrogen and R.sub.3 is .alpha.-tetrahydropyranyl; when R.sub.2 is carbalkoxy, R is alkyl of 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is hydrogen and R.sub.3 is .alpha.-tetrahydropyranyl and when R.sub.2 is carboxy, R and R.sub.1 are hydrogen and R.sub.3 is .alpha.-tetrahydropyranyl, which possess the physiological activity of prostaglandins .[.