Carbonyl Or Oxy Containing (e.g., Ketone Containing, Etc.) Patents (Class 568/37)
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Patent number: 4724267Abstract: Bis(haloacylaromatic) compounds have been made by a new process in which monohaloacylated aromatic compounds have been reacted by a coupling reaction. These bis(haloacylaromatic) compounds can be employed as monomers in the preparation of polyesters and polyamides which have easy processability. The monohaloacylated compound is coupled by reacting two moles of the monomer with a carbon or sulfur compound containing at least two halogen atoms in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1986Date of Patent: February 9, 1988Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: George M. St. George, Marlin E. Walters
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Patent number: 4707558Abstract: Monomers and oligomers containing a plurality of vinylbenzyl ether groups are prepared by reacting a material containing a plurality of aromatic hydroxyl groups such as tetramethyltetrabromobisphenol A with a vinylbenzyl halide such as vinylbenzyl chloride in the presence of a polar aprotic solvent such as dimethylformamide. The monomers and oligomers prepared by this process have an improvement in one or more properties selected from dielectric constant (before and/or after moisture absorption) or thermal stability. Also disclosed are new monomers and oligomers containing a plurality of vinylbenzyl ether groups such as bis(vinylbenzyl)ether of dicyclopentadienyl bisdimethylphenol.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1986Date of Patent: November 17, 1987Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Chun S. Wang, Zeng-kun Liao, Dennis L. Steele
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Patent number: 4686235Abstract: Substituted cinnamyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofurans and analogs were prepared from the nucleophlic substitution of a cinnamylhalide with a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran anion or an analog thereof. These compounds were found to be potent topical anti-inflammatory agents.Type: GrantFiled: August 12, 1985Date of Patent: August 11, 1987Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventors: Michael N. Chang, Norman P. Jensen, Milton L. Hammond, Robert A. Zambias, John McDonald, Kathleen M. Rupprecht
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Patent number: 4681621Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine; C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, preferably methoxy; nitro; cyano; --S(O).sub.n R' wherein n is the integer 0, 1 or 2, preferably 2 and R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, preferably methyl; or R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or methyl and most preferably R is chlorine, bromine, methoxy, nitro, methyl or CF.sub.3 ; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.2 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or ##STR2## wherein R.sup.a is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together are alkylene having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; R.sup.4 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 independently are (1) hydrogen; (2) halogen; (3) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (4) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy; (5) OCF.sub.3 ; (6) cyano; (7) nitro; (8) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 haloalkyl; (9) R.sup.b SO.sub.n -- wherein n is the integer 0, 1, or 2; and R.sup.b is (a) C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl; (b) C.sub.1 -C.sub.Type: GrantFiled: December 3, 1985Date of Patent: July 21, 1987Assignee: Stauffer Chemical CompanyInventors: David L. Lee, William J. Michaely
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Patent number: 4678665Abstract: Products of formula (I) ##STR1## in which R=C.sub.6-18 aromatic or alkylaromatic of valency z, R'=H, C.sub.1-16 alkyl or phenyl, A=CH.sub.2 or CH.sub.2 --O-- and, in the latter case, R'.noteq.H, x=1-8, y=1-20, z=1-3 and T denotes one or more anionic groups or a mixture of anionic groups and non-ionic groups are disclosed.These compounds are prepared by the reaction of a phenol R(OH).sub.z with an epoxide ##STR2## and an epihalogenohydrin ##STR3## in which X=Cl or Br, this being followed by replacement of X with one or more hydrophilic groupsThese compounds can be used as surface-active agents.Type: GrantFiled: August 2, 1984Date of Patent: July 7, 1987Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Guy Vanlerberghe, Henri Sebag
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Patent number: 4665092Abstract: Alkenes of the formula (I) and epoxides (II) used to make them are useful as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic pharmaceuticals: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 =H or CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.2 =phenyl, substituted phenyl, benzyl or a cysteinyl moiety; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 =alkyl; n=O or 1; and R.sup.3 is as described.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1985Date of Patent: May 12, 1987Assignee: Ortho Pharmaceutical CorporationInventors: Michael P. Ferro, Michael P. Wachter
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Patent number: 4656030Abstract: The invention provides surface-active random oligomers of the general formula:R.sub.1 --O--C.sub.2 H.sub.3 (Z)--O].sub.n H (I)in which R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical or a cyclo-aliphatic, aromatic or alkylaromatic radical containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, Z denotes a group A and/or at least one group corresponding to the formula (II)R.sub.2 --O--C.sub.2 H.sub.3 (A)--O].sub.m CH.sub.2 -- (II)in which R.sub.2 denotes a hydrocarbon radical having the meaning indicated for R.sub.1 and containing a number of carbon atoms from 8 to 30, n denotes an average statistical value from 1 to 20, m denotes an average statistical value from 0.5 to 10 and A denotes a group of hydrophilic character. These oligomers can be used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 1983Date of Patent: April 7, 1987Assignee: L'OrealInventors: Henri Sebag, Guy Vanlerberghe
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Patent number: 4642383Abstract: Substituted 2,2'-dihydroxydiphenyl sulfide, sulfoxide, and sulfone compounds, and their use as azo coupling components in light-sensitive diazo compositions. The novel compounds couple with rapidly developing diazonium compounds to provide lemon-yellow dyes, and can be used in combination with blue and violet couplers to provide a green-black diazo image in higher density areas with a neutral black in lower density areas.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1982Date of Patent: February 10, 1987Assignee: James River Graphics, Inc.Inventor: Robert C. Desjarlais
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Patent number: 4625066Abstract: Novel substituted acetylene-ketones of the formulaR.sup.2 --C.tbd.C--CO--R.sup.1 (I)in whichR.sup.1 represents optionally substituted cycloalkyl with 4 to 7 carbon atoms or the groupings ##STR1## or represents optionally substituted aryl, if R.sup.2 represents optionally substituted cycloalkenyl or optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl;R.sup.2 represents alkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkyl, optionally substituted cycloalkenyl, optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl;R.sup.3 represents halogen;R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or halogen;R.sup.5 represents alkyl with more than 1 carbon atom, alkenyl, alkinyl or the CHO group or a derivative thereof, or represents methyl, if R.sup.2 represents optionally substituted cycloalkenyl or optionally substituted cycloalkylalkyl;R.sup.6 represents cyano, optionally substituted aryl or the groupings --XR.sup.7 or --CONR.sup.8 R.sup.9 ;R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: November 29, 1984Date of Patent: November 25, 1986Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventor: Hans-Ludwig Elbe
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Patent number: 4621098Abstract: The present invention provides thioethers of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Ar is a phenyl radical which is optionally substituted one, two or three times by alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkanoyl, hydroxyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, nitro, amino or halogen, Q is an oxygen or sulphur atom or an NH group, A is a straight-chained or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkylene radical which is optionally substituted by a hydroxyl group or can be interrupted by an ethenylene or ethynylene group, n is 0, 1 or 2, and R is a hydrogen atom or a straight-chained or branched alkyl radical which is optionally substituted one or more times by the same or different radicals selected from alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxy, hydroxyl, carboxyl or optionally substituted carbamoyl or amino; as well as the pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof, with the proviso that A cannot be ethylene when Ar is a phenyl radical, Q is an oxygen atom and R is the group --CH.sub.2 COOH.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1984Date of Patent: November 4, 1986Assignee: Boehringer Mannheim GmbHInventors: Robert Umminger, Walter-Gunar Friebe, Wolfgang Kampe, Androniki Roesch, Otto-Henning Wilhelms
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Patent number: 4605745Abstract: A method is provided for making aromatic ethers by effecting the displacement of reactive radicals on an activated aromatic nucleus such as a phthalimide with a mono or bisalkali metal phenoxide in the presence of an organic solvent and a dialkylamino branched alkyl substituted pyridinium salt as a phase transfer catalyst. Improved yields of bis(aromatic ethers) are achieved without the production of undesirable by-products, such as akylated phenols.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1984Date of Patent: August 12, 1986Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Daniel J. Brunelle, Daniel A. Singleton
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Patent number: 4588433Abstract: Phenoxymethane derivatives of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, halogen, alkoxycarbonyl, cycloalkoxycarbonyl or nitro,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or halogen,R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkinyl, phenyl which is optionally substituted by alkyl and/or halogen, phenylalkyl which is optionally substituted by alkyl and/or halogen, alkoxy, phenoxy, halogenoalkyl, halogenoalkoxy, alkylthio, halogenoalkylthio, alkylsulphonyl, phenylthio, phenylsulphonyl, nitro or halogen,R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1984Date of Patent: May 13, 1986Assignee: Bayer AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hans-Georg Schmitt, Klaus Lurssen, Karlfried Wedemeyer
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Patent number: 4548640Abstract: Novel allylthiodiphenyl ether compounds exhibit excellent herbicidal activity against broadleaf weeds while leaving crops such as corn, wheat, rice and soybeans unaffected. Preparation and herbicidal activity of the compounds is disclosed and exemplified.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1983Date of Patent: October 22, 1985Assignee: FMC CorporationInventor: Elsayed A. Aly
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Patent number: 4513141Abstract: A method is provided for making aromatic ethers by effecting the displacement of reactive radicals on an activated aromatic nucleus such as a phthalimide with a mono or bisalkali metal phenoxide in the presence of an organic solvent and a dialkylamino branched alkyl substituted pyridinium salt as a phase transfer catalyst. Improved yields of bis(aromatic ethers) are achieved without the production of undesirable by-products, such as alkylated phenols.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1983Date of Patent: April 23, 1985Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Daniel J. Brunelle, Daniel A. Singleton
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Patent number: 4465860Abstract: Non-ionic products of the formula:R--X-- [C.sub.2 H.sub.3 (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.n (OH)-- CH.sub.2 --Y--R'in which R and R' denote alkyl or alkenyl radicals having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, the sum of the numbers of carbon atoms in R and R' being 24 to 32; X denotes an oxygen atom, a sulphur atom or a sulphoxide group; Y denotes a sulphur atom, a sulphoxide group or a methylene group (if Y denotes methylene, the sum of the numbers of carbon atoms in R and R' is 22 to 30); and n denotes an integer or decimal number from 1 to 40 are disclosed. These non-ionic compounds are suitable for use in pharmaceutical or cosmetic applications, in particular for the care of the skin or hair.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1982Date of Patent: August 14, 1984Assignee: Societe Anonyme dite: L'OrealInventors: Guy Vanlerberghe, Henri Sebag
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Patent number: 4429139Abstract: Rose oxide, or 2-[2-methyl-prop-l-en-l-yl]-4-methyl-tetrahydropyrane, a fragrant chemical specialty, is prepared efficiently by a novel process which consists in five reaction steps and uses citronellol as starting material.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 1982Date of Patent: January 31, 1984Assignee: Firmenich SAInventor: Charles Fehr
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Patent number: 4396553Abstract: This invention is directed to tetrahydronaphthalene and indane compounds and processes thereto. These compounds are useful as tumor inhibiting agents, in the treatment of neoplasms and dermatological conditions.Type: GrantFiled: February 4, 1982Date of Patent: August 2, 1983Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.Inventor: Michael Klaus
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Patent number: 4388326Abstract: Organic sulfoxides having a latent allyl group bound to the sulfur are enzyme inhibitors of the suicide or K.sub.cat type.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1980Date of Patent: June 14, 1983Assignee: Merck & Co., Inc.Inventor: Raymond A. Firestone
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Patent number: 4370346Abstract: Compounds of formula I wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are haloalkyl or halo, X is O, S, S(O), SO.sub.2 or NR.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is H or alkyl, R.sup.3 is alkyl and n is 1 to 4, and compositions comprising them, useful as insecticides.Type: GrantFiled: December 9, 1981Date of Patent: January 25, 1983Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries PLCInventor: Nazim Punja
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Patent number: 4349568Abstract: Novel compounds exhibiting antiviral activity are disclosed, such compounds are represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein m represents the integer 0, 1 or 2; R represents trihalomethyl, alkyl or phenyl; R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, bromo, chloro, fluoro, cyano, nitro, amino, alkyl, alkoxy or trifluoromethyl; R.sub.2 represents hydroxyl, bromo, chloro, fluoro, cyano, acetyl, benzoyl, substituted benzoyl, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, benzyl, substituted benzyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, dialkylaminosulfonyl, or the radical --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.4 wherein n represents the integer 1, 2 or 3 and R.sub.4 represents cyano or dialkylamino; R.sub.3 represents hydrogen, hydroxyl, bromo, chloro, fluoro, cyano, acetyl, benzoyl, substituted benzoyl, alkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, benzyl, substituted benzyl, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylaminosulfonyl, dialkylaminosulfonyl, or the radical --O(CH.sub.2).sub.n R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 1980Date of Patent: September 14, 1982Assignee: The Dow Chemical CompanyInventors: Lowell D. Markley, Yulan C. Tong, Steven G. Wood
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Patent number: 4347384Abstract: Trifluoromethylsulfonic acid has been found to be an extremely useful catalyst for the manufacture of mercaptans from olefins or viscous polyolefins and hydrogen sulfide. Also a novel process for the preparation of mercaptans is disclosed which proven comprises reacting olefins or polyolefins at a temperature of about -10.degree. to 70.degree. C. with hydrogen sulfide under pressure of about 1 to 10 atmospheres in the presence of about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight of the olefins of the trifluoromethylsulfonic acid. The mercaptans produced according to the novel process are useful in the preparation of nonionic surfactants for lubricating oils and in the enhanced oil recovery as well as for biocides. Novel beta-polybutenylsulfoxy-alpha-hydroxyethylbenzenes have also been prepared. These are useful in the preparation of nonionic surfactants for lubricating oils and as biocides.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 1981Date of Patent: August 31, 1982Assignee: Standard Oil Company (Indiana)Inventor: Ellis K. Fields
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Patent number: 4338122Abstract: 2-Aryl-1,3-cyclopentanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal and acaricidal activity.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 1980Date of Patent: July 6, 1982Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Thomas N. Wheeler
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Patent number: 4321275Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel 17,18,19,20-tetranor-prostanoic acid derivatives having prostaglandin-type properties, to a method for their manufacture, and also to pharmaceutical or veterinary compositions containing said novel derivatives and a method of inducing luteolysis in an animal host by use of said novel derivatives.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 1974Date of Patent: March 23, 1982Assignee: Imperial Chemical Industries LimitedInventors: Jean Bowler, Neville S. Crossley
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Patent number: 4291177Abstract: Highly pure dihalodiphenols or predetermined, statistical mixtures of unreacted, monohalo- and dihalodiphenols are obtained reacting the diphenol, which is suspended or dissolved in a suitable solvent, with a halogen while concurrently purging the reaction with a gas that is inert to the reaction.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1979Date of Patent: September 22, 1981Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventors: Victor Mark, Charles A. Wilson, II
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Patent number: 4283348Abstract: 2-Aryl-1,3-cyclopentanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal and acaricidal activity.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1979Date of Patent: August 11, 1981Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Thomas N. Wheeler
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Patent number: 4275240Abstract: 2,2'-Bisphenol sulfoxides are prepared by oxidizing 2,2'-bisphenol sulfides with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of such an organic solvent as not to form any organic peracids under reaction conditions.Type: GrantFiled: March 3, 1980Date of Patent: June 23, 1981Assignee: Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Akihiro Yamaguchi, Keizaburo Yamaguchi, Hisamichi Murakami, Tadashi Kobayashi
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Patent number: 4270005Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzyl, benzoyl, alkanoyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or --CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --NR'R" wherein p is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; each of R' and R" when taken individually is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R' and R" when taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected from piperidino, pyrollo, pyrrolidino, morpholino and N-alkylpiperazino having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen, alkanoyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzoyl;R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl and ethyl;R.sub.4 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzyl;Z is selected from:(a) alkylene having from one to nine carbon atoms;(b) --(alk.sub.1).sub.m --X--(alk.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein each of (alk.sub.1) and (alk.sub.2) is alkylene having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in (alk.sub.1) plus (alk.sub.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1979Date of Patent: May 26, 1981Assignee: Pfizer Inc.Inventors: Thomas H. Althuis, Charles A. Harbert, Michael R. Johnson, Lawrence S. Melvin, Jr.
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Patent number: 4268523Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzyl, benzoyl, alkanoyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or --CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --NR'R" wherein p is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; each of R' and R" when taken individually is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R' and R" when taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected from piperidino, pyrollo, pyrrolidino, morpholino and N-alkylpiperazino having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen, alkanoyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzoyl;R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl and ethyl;R.sub.4 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzyl;Z is selected from:(a) alkylene having from one to nine carbon atoms;(b) -(alk.sub.1).sub.m -X-(alk.sub.2).sub.n - wherein each of (alk.sub.1) and (alk.sub.2) is alkylene having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in (alk.sub.1) plus (alk.sub.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1979Date of Patent: May 19, 1981Assignee: Pfizer Inc.Inventors: Thomas H. Althuis, Charles A. Harbert, Michael R. Johnson, Lawrence S. Melvin, Jr.
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Patent number: 4268692Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzyl, benzoyl, alkanoyl of 1 to 5 carbon atoms or --CO--(CH.sub.2).sub.p --NR'R" wherein p is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4; each of R' and R" when taken individually is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R' and R" when taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected from piperidino, pyrollo, pyrrolidino, morpholino and N-alkylpiperazino having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group;R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen, alkanoyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzoyl;R.sub.3 is selected from hydrogen, methyl and ethyl;R.sub.4 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and benzyl;Z is selected from:(a) alkylene having from one to nine carbon atoms;(b) -(alk.sub.1).sub.m -X-(alk.sub.2).sub.n -wherein each of (alk.sub.1) and (alk.sub.2) is alkylene having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the summation of carbon atoms in (alk.sub.1) plus (alk.sub.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1979Date of Patent: May 19, 1981Assignee: Pfizer Inc.Inventors: Thomas H. Althuis, Charles A. Harbert, Michael R. Johnson, Lawrence S. Melvin, Jr.
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Patent number: 4256658Abstract: 2-Aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal, miticidal and mite ovicidal activity.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1980Date of Patent: March 17, 1981Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Thomas N. Wheeler
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Patent number: 4256657Abstract: 2-Aryl-1,3-cyclohexanedione compounds and their alkali metal and ammonium salts exhibit outstanding herbicidal, miticidal and mite ovicidal activity.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 1980Date of Patent: March 17, 1981Assignee: Union Carbide CorporationInventor: Thomas N. Wheeler
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Patent number: 4230879Abstract: The invention disclosed herein relates to pharmacologically active prostaglandins of the E and F series in which C-16 is substituted with hydroxyl and formyl or dimethoxymethyl as well as the pharmaceutically acceptable, non-toxic lower alkyl esters and salts thereof, and to the intermediates and processes for producing such compounds.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1979Date of Patent: October 28, 1980Assignee: American Cyanamid CompanyInventors: Allen Wissner, Charles V. Grudzinskas
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Patent number: 4210765Abstract: An improved process for obtaining halogenated diphenols which can be pure dihalodiphenols or predetermined, statistical mixtures comprising unreacted diphenol, monohalodiphenols and dihalodiphenols.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1978Date of Patent: July 1, 1980Assignee: General Electric CompanyInventor: Victor Mark