Abstract: Disclosed is branched poly(trimethylene ether) polyols prepared from the acid catalyzed polycondensation reaction of 1,3-propanediol, and at least one triol comonomer selected from 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane and 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane. Also disclosed is a branched poly(trimethylene ether) polyol with an equivalent hydroxyl functionality of about 2.1 to about 3.2 and a Mn of about 200 to about 6000. The polyols are useful in the preparation of polyurethane rigid and flexible foams.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I), where R1 is a branched alkyl(ene) radical having from 10 to 22 carbon atoms and having at least one branch in position 1, 2, 3 or 4 relative to the oxygen atom, R2 is a linear or branched alkyl(ene) radical having from 1 to 13 carbon atoms and R1 and R2 are selected so that the total number of carbon atoms in formula (I) is from 11 to 23. The compounds of the invention are suitable for preparation of or in cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical preparations, in particular as oily substances.

Abstract: A process for recovering ethanol obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid. The crude ethanol product is separated in a column to produce a distillate stream comprising acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate and a residue stream comprising ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate and water. Unreacted acetic acid can be reduced or removed through configurations of esterification secondary reactors. The ethanol product is recovered from the residue stream.

Abstract: Recovery of alcohols, in particular ethanol, from a crude ethanol product obtained from the hydrogenation of acetic acid using a reduced energy process. The crude ethanol product may be fed to a distillation column in which a substantial portion of the water is removed with the acetic acid in the residue. The ethanol product is obtained from the distillate.

Abstract: Stabilized 3,3 dialkoxy-1-propene-preparation containing a compound of the formula I wherein R=C1-C6 hydrocarbon group and a compound of the formula II Z?(—R1)X(—OR2)Y where Z=C (carbon) or Si (silicon); R1=H or C1-C3 carbon group; R2=C1-C3 carbon group; x=0 or 1, x+y=4.

Abstract: The use of vinyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones in synthetic chemistry for the production of a wide variety of materials is well known. For example, phenyl vinyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones have been used for the synthesis of important heterocycles, in combinatorial chemistry and as Diels-Alder adducts. Although these compounds have been used extensively for a variety of applications, the isotopically labeled versions have not been reported. A simple route for the isotopically labeled production of these important building blocks has been developed.

Abstract: To provide a fluoropolymer which has a high concentration of functional groups to provide adequate characteristics of the functional groups and which brings about no decrease of Tg. A fluoropolymer having monomer units formed by cyclopolymerization of a functional group-containing fluorinated diene represented by the formula (1): CFR1?CR2—Q—CR3?CHR4 ??(1) wherein each of R1 to R4 which are independent of one another, represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having at most 8 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and at least one of them is an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, provided that hydrogen atoms in the alkyl group or the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted by a fluorine atom, an alkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group; and Q represents a bivalent organic group having a blocked acidic group capable of developing an acidic group by an acid or a group capable of being converted into such a blocked acidic group.

Abstract: Polyester-polyether block copolymers can be prepared by catalytic addition of alkylene oxides onto H-functional initiator substances, using polyester alcohols as H-functional initiator substances and multimetal cyanide compounds as catalysts.

Abstract: This invention relates to a stabilized hydrocarbon vinyl ether or hydroxy substituted hydrocarbon vinyl ether containing between 3 and 20 carbon atoms which contains between about 0.005 and about 0.75 weight % of an alkali metal salt of a C.sub.1 to C.sub.14 hydrocarbon ester.

Abstract: A stabilizer composition useful as an additive for polyether polyols, particularly those employed in the manufacture of polyurethane foams, is provided which comprises a diphenylamine:isobutylene:diisobutylene reaction product, a sterically hindered phenol and a trihydrocarbyl phosphite.

Abstract: A process for the purification of a perfluorochemical composition comprises continuously mixing the perfluorochemical composition, comprising a liquid mixture of inert perfluorochemicals (e.g., perfluoroalkanes, perfluoroethers, perfluoroaminoethers, or perfluoroalkyl tertiary amines) and isomeric fluorohydrochemicals, with a stabilization composition comprising water-miscible alkanol and an aqueous solution of base (such as potassium hydroxide) made by dissolving the base in an amount of water sufficient to dissolve or disperse the fluoride salt by-products of the subsequent reaction of the base with the fluorohydrochemicals to form fluoroolefins, the amount of the alkanol in the stabilization composition being in stoichiometric excess of the amount needed to completely convert the fluoroolefins to alkoxyvinyl ethers. The process can be utilized to purify the product mixtures resulting from fluorination methods such as direct fluorination or ECF.

Abstract: Stability enhancing additives of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms and n has a value of 1 to 6, for perfluoropolyalkylether fluids. These additives are incorporated into perfluoropolyalkylether fluids in an amount ranging from about 0.01 to 3 weight percent.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain styrenated diphenylamine and hindered phenol compositions for the stabilization of polyether polyols.

Abstract: A process for inhibiting and destroying peroxides in dialkyl ethers having the general formula R.sub.1 OR.sub.2 in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which comprises adding, as inhibitor, a quaternary alkyl iodide of the general formula[CH.sub.3 alk.sub.3 P]Ito the dialkyl ethers.

Abstract: The present application relates to a novel method of stabilizing the molecular weight of alkoxylates and stable compositions. The polyoxyalkylene compounds have incorporated into them, from the time of reaction of the alkylene oxide, a free radical type inhibitor which significantly improves stability of both the polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing a polyether polyol having a molecular weight of from about 300 to about 10,000 comprising adding 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid as an antioxidant stabilizer, optionally in combination with other antioxidants, to said polyether polyol. This invention further relates to polyols stabilized by the method of this invention and to stabilized polyurethanes prepared from such stabilized polyols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the stabilization and purification of perfluoropolyethers of the general formulae (I) or (II) ##STR1## in which R=--F or --C.sub.a F.sub.2a+1R'=--F or --C.sub.b F.sub.2b+1n,m=0,1, . . . or 12, n being identical with or different from m, 1.ltoreq.n+m.ltoreq.15a,b=1,2, . . . or 10, a being identical with or different from b ##STR2## in which R"=--C.sub.f F.sub.2f+1R"'=--C.sub.g F.sub.2g+1X=--F or --CF.sub.3c,d,e=integers such that the molecular weight of the perfluoropolyether is between 200 and 2000, where c, d and e may be identical or different and the units [C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O].sub.c, [C.sub.2 F.sub.4 O].sub.d, and [CFXO].sub.e may be randomly distributed along the molecular chain of the perfluoropolyether,or of mixtures of perfluoropolyethers of this type. The process comprises heating the perfluoropolyethers or mixtures thereof to 150.degree.-360.degree. C.

Abstract: A stabilized alkylene oxide adduct of a hydroxyl group-containing organic compound, having at least one compound selected from the group consisting of lactic acid and lactates and added to said alkylene oxide adduct of said hydroxyl group-containing organic compound or a sulfate thereof and a liquid detergent composition having as a detergent active component thereof the stabilized alkylene oxide adduct.

Abstract: A method of indirect liquid phase heat transfer which comprises continuously circulating between a heat generating and a heating source or water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer having a viscosity of less than about 100 centistokes at 100.degree. F., of the formula:R(OAR').sub.xwhereinR is a C.sub.5 to C.sub.36 linear branched or alicyclic aliphatic hydrocarbyl group;O is oxygen;A is a polyoxyalkylene residue having oxyalkylene units derived from ethylene oxide or ethylene oxide and at least one other lower alkylene oxide having 3 or 4 carbon atoms;R' is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.8 alkyl group or nonbornyl; andx is an integer having a value of 1 to 6, wherein for values of x greater than 1 each AR' may be the same or different.

Abstract: Liquid bromine-containing alkoxylation products of butyne-(1,4)-diol which are storage stable are produced. More specifically, 1.5 to 2.5 mols alkylene oxide are reacted with each mol of butyne-(1,4)-diol present at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is selected from (1) thioethers having a molecular weight of up to 5000 obtained by adding a mercaptan and/or mercaptoalcohol to an unsaturated hydrocarbon and/or (2) thioethers other than those of (1) having a molecular weight of from 500 to 5000 and/or (3) alkali metal chlorides. This alkoxylation product is then reacted with bromine at -10.degree. to 80.degree. C. The bromide is reoxidized with aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, stabilized with a relatively non-volatile epoxide and dehydrated. The product thus obtained is particularly useful in the production of flame resistant isocyanate addition products such as polyurethane foams.

Abstract: A method of indirect liquid phase heat transfer utilizing as a heat transfer fluid a composition comprising polytetra(methylene oxide) or poly(trimethylene oxide) homopolymers having molecular weights of from about 300 to about 1,000.

Abstract: A storage stable composition of glutaraldehyde acetals and an organic acidic catalyst, which can be converted to glutaraldehyde at the site and upon demand, by the addition of water.

Abstract: Copolyether glycols are modified so that they contain 1-25%, by weight of .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxyalkyl sulfide moieties.These modified copolyether glycols have enhanced resistance to degradation by heat and oxygen.The invention also relates to a method of making the modified copolyether glycols, to their use as stabilizers against the degradation of the polyether chains, and to polyurethanes made with them.

Abstract: Polypropylene ether glycol is modified so that it contains 1-25%, by weight of .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxyalkyl sulfide moieties.These modified polypropylene ether glycols have enhanced resistance to degradation by heat and oxygen.The invention also relates to a method of making the modified PPG's, to their use as stabilizers against the degradation of the polyether chain, and to polyurethanes made with them.

Abstract: Polytetramethylene ether glycol is modified so that it contains 1-25%, by weight of .beta.,.beta.'-dihydroxyalkyl sulfide moieties.These modified polytetramethylene ether glycols have enhanced resistance to degradation by heat and oxygen.The invention also relates to a method of making the modified PTMEG's, to their use as stabilizers against the degradation of the polyether chain, and to polyurethanes made with them.

Abstract: An improved alkaline detergent composition is provided having a reduced tendency to discolor upon aging at room temperature and/or elevated tempertures. The detergent composition contains:(a) an alkali material such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal silicates and mixtures thereof; and(b) at least one nonionic surface active agent having a tendency to discolor the composition in the presence of such alkaline material. The improved composition contains a discoloring inhibiting amount of an alcohol of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 6 carbon atoms, having not more than one primary alcohol group and at least one secondary or tertiary alcohol group, e.g. 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, and 1,2-propanediol.A method is also provided for inhibiting the discoloration of such alkaline detergent composition by adding a discoloring inhibiting amount of the aforementioned alcohol to the composition.

Abstract: The autoxidation of aqueous detergent slurries containing major quantities of nonionic surfactant during spray-drying is inhibited by the use of a charge-transfer agent. The charge-transfer agent may be a charge-transfer acceptor or a charge-transfer donor or a precursor of either of these. The agent may be present in an amount of from 0.05 to 2% by weight and the nonionic surfactant in an amount of 3% or more by weight based on the weight of the fully formulated detergent powder. The preferred charge-transfer agent is potassium iodide.

Abstract: Oil compositions are disclosed for effective use in the lubrication of rotary-type compressor for refrigeration equipment. The composition essentially comprises a polyglycol oil blended with specified amounts of at least one of additives or compounds of the group consisting of glycidyl ether type epoxy compounds, epoxidized fatty acid monoesters and epoxidized vegetable oils.

Abstract: The carbon-carbon double bond isomerization of a substituted or an unsubstituted hydrocarbon compound having olefinic unsaturation in a less stable form to an isomer of said compound having olefinic unsaturation in a more stable form is inhibited by contacting with said compound having the more unstable form with an alkali metal salt of a di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acid.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers by a one-shot reaction of an organic diisocyanate, a polymeric diol, and a diol extender is disclosed wherein the diol components, either singly or together, are treated with a trivalent phosphorus compound prior to their reaction with the diisocyanate in the presence of a stannous tin urethane catalyst. The process when carried out with pure urethane grade diol components results in very efficient catalysis which in turn requires lower levels of stannous tin catalyst than would otherwise be employed. Moreover, the process can be carried out with diol components that are not urethane grade materials but which are contaminated by high levels of peroxidic impurities and which materials would otherwise be useless for the preparation of high grade elastomer products.

Abstract: Methyl trifluorovinyl ether can be stabilized with respect to liquid and vapor phase deflagration or explosive potential by the addition of certain fluorohaloalkanes to the methyl trifluorovinyl ether.